diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/csv/CSVFormat.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/csv/CSVFormat.java
index cd199369..de0fd031 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/csv/CSVFormat.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/csv/CSVFormat.java
@@ -875,8 +875,8 @@ public final class CSVFormat implements Serializable {
         final StringWriter out = new StringWriter();
         try (CSVPrinter csvPrinter = new CSVPrinter(out, this)) {
             csvPrinter.printRecord(values);
-            String res = out.toString();
-            int len = recordSeparator != null ? res.length() - recordSeparator.length() : res.length();
+            final String res = out.toString();
+            final int len = recordSeparator != null ? res.length() - recordSeparator.length() : res.length();
             return res.substring(0, len);
         } catch (final IOException e) {
             // should not happen because a StringWriter does not do IO.
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/csv/CSVFileParserTest.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/csv/CSVFileParserTest.java
index 2628f529..d71007bb 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/csv/CSVFileParserTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/csv/CSVFileParserTest.java
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ public class CSVFileParserTest {
             try (final CSVParser parser = CSVParser.parse(new File(BASE, split[0]), Charset.defaultCharset(), format)) {
                 for (final CSVRecord record : parser) {
                     String parsed = Arrays.toString(record.values());
-                    String comment = record.getComment();
+                    final String comment = record.getComment();
                     if (checkComments && comment != null) {
                         parsed += "#" + comment.replace("\n", "\\n");
                     }
@@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ public class CSVFileParserTest {
             try (final CSVParser parser = CSVParser.parse(resource, Charset.forName("UTF-8"), format)) {
                 for (final CSVRecord record : parser) {
                     String parsed = Arrays.toString(record.values());
-                    String comment = record.getComment();
+                    final String comment = record.getComment();
                     if (checkComments && comment != null) {
                         parsed += "#" + comment.replace("\n", "\\n");
                     }
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/csv/CSVFormatTest.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/csv/CSVFormatTest.java
index a31875f8..ded2ab9f 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/csv/CSVFormatTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/csv/CSVFormatTest.java
@@ -1216,14 +1216,14 @@ public class CSVFormatTest {
     @Test
     public void testWithHeaderEnumNull() {
         final CSVFormat format =  CSVFormat.DEFAULT;
-        Class<Enum<?>> simpleName = null;
+        final Class<Enum<?>> simpleName = null;
         format.withHeader(simpleName);
     }
 
     @Test
     public  void testWithHeaderResultSetNull() throws SQLException {
         final CSVFormat format = CSVFormat.DEFAULT;
-        ResultSet resultSet = null;
+        final ResultSet resultSet = null;
         format.withHeader(resultSet);
     }
 
@@ -1231,7 +1231,7 @@ public class CSVFormatTest {
     public void testPrintWithQuoteModeIsNONE() throws IOException {
         final Reader in = new StringReader("a,b,c");
         final Appendable out = new StringBuilder();
-        CSVFormat format = CSVFormat.RFC4180.withDelimiter(',').withQuote('"').withEscape('?').withQuoteMode(QuoteMode.NONE);
+        final CSVFormat format = CSVFormat.RFC4180.withDelimiter(',').withQuote('"').withEscape('?').withQuoteMode(QuoteMode.NONE);
         format.print(in, out, true);
         assertEquals("a?,b?,c", out.toString());
     }
@@ -1240,7 +1240,7 @@ public class CSVFormatTest {
     public void testPrintWithQuotes() throws IOException {
         final Reader in = new StringReader("\"a,b,c\r\nx,y,z");
         final Appendable out = new StringBuilder();
-        CSVFormat format = CSVFormat.RFC4180.withDelimiter(',').withQuote('"').withEscape('?').withQuoteMode(QuoteMode.NON_NUMERIC);
+        final CSVFormat format = CSVFormat.RFC4180.withDelimiter(',').withQuote('"').withEscape('?').withQuoteMode(QuoteMode.NON_NUMERIC);
         format.print(in, out, true);
         assertEquals("\"\"\"\"a,b,c\r\nx,y,z\"", out.toString());
     }
@@ -1249,14 +1249,14 @@ public class CSVFormatTest {
     public void testPrintWithoutQuotes() throws IOException {
         final Reader in = new StringReader("");
         final Appendable out = new StringBuilder();
-        CSVFormat format = CSVFormat.RFC4180.withDelimiter(',').withQuote('"').withEscape('?').withQuoteMode(QuoteMode.NON_NUMERIC);
+        final CSVFormat format = CSVFormat.RFC4180.withDelimiter(',').withQuote('"').withEscape('?').withQuoteMode(QuoteMode.NON_NUMERIC);
         format.print(in, out, true);
         assertEquals("\"\"", out.toString());
     }
 
     @Test
     public void testTrim() throws IOException {
-        CSVFormat formatWithTrim = CSVFormat.DEFAULT.withDelimiter(',').withTrim().withQuote(null).withRecordSeparator(CRLF);
+        final CSVFormat formatWithTrim = CSVFormat.DEFAULT.withDelimiter(',').withTrim().withQuote(null).withRecordSeparator(CRLF);
 
         CharSequence in = "a,b,c";
         final StringBuilder out = new StringBuilder();
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/csv/CSVPrinterTest.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/csv/CSVPrinterTest.java
index 7126e9d4..8c8f19a3 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/csv/CSVPrinterTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/csv/CSVPrinterTest.java
@@ -1343,7 +1343,7 @@ public class CSVPrinterTest {
         final CharArrayWriter charArrayWriter = new CharArrayWriter(0);
         try (final CSVParser parser = CSVFormat.DEFAULT.parse(new StringReader(rowData));
             CSVPrinter csvPrinter = CSVFormat.INFORMIX_UNLOAD.print(charArrayWriter)) {
-            for (CSVRecord record : parser) {
+            for (final CSVRecord record : parser) {
                 csvPrinter.printRecord(record);
             }
         }
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/csv/CSVRecordTest.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/csv/CSVRecordTest.java
index deef5c6a..11401a07 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/csv/CSVRecordTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/csv/CSVRecordTest.java
@@ -51,9 +51,9 @@ public class CSVRecordTest {
         SECOND("second"),
         THIRD("third");
 
-        private String number;
+        private final String number;
 
-        EnumHeader(String number) {
+        EnumHeader(final String number) {
             this.number = number;
         }
 
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/csv/issues/JiraCsv149Test.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/csv/issues/JiraCsv149Test.java
index 83fb36fd..38394ba5 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/csv/issues/JiraCsv149Test.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/csv/issues/JiraCsv149Test.java
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ public class JiraCsv149Test {
         testJiraCsv149EndWithEolAtEof(true);
     }
 
-    private void testJiraCsv149EndWithEolAtEof(boolean eolAtEof) throws IOException {
+    private void testJiraCsv149EndWithEolAtEof(final boolean eolAtEof) throws IOException {
         String source = "A,B,C,D" + CR_LF + "a1,b1,c1,d1" + CR_LF + "a2,b2,c2,d2";
         if (eolAtEof) {
             source += CR_LF;
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ public class JiraCsv149Test {
         final CSVFormat format = CSVFormat.RFC4180.withFirstRecordAsHeader().withQuote('"');
         int lineCounter = 2;
         try (final CSVParser parser = new CSVParser(records, format)) {
-            for (CSVRecord record : parser) {
+            for (final CSVRecord record : parser) {
                 assertEquals(lineCounter++, parser.getCurrentLineNumber());
             }
         }
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/csv/issues/JiraCsv211Test.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/csv/issues/JiraCsv211Test.java
index 26dc7021..d341c252 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/csv/issues/JiraCsv211Test.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/csv/issues/JiraCsv211Test.java
@@ -33,12 +33,12 @@ public class JiraCsv211Test {
         final String[] values = new String[] { "1", "Jane Doe", "USA", "" };
 
         final CSVFormat printFormat = CSVFormat.DEFAULT.withDelimiter('\t').withHeader("ID", "Name", "Country", "Age");
-        String formatted = printFormat.format(values);
+        final String formatted = printFormat.format(values);
         assertEquals("ID\tName\tCountry\tAge\r\n1\tJane Doe\tUSA\t", formatted);
 
         final CSVFormat parseFormat = CSVFormat.DEFAULT.withDelimiter('\t').withFirstRecordAsHeader();
-        CSVParser parser = parseFormat.parse(new StringReader(formatted));
-        for (CSVRecord record : parser) {
+        final CSVParser parser = parseFormat.parse(new StringReader(formatted));
+        for (final CSVRecord record : parser) {
             assertEquals("1", record.get(0));
             assertEquals("Jane Doe", record.get(1));
             assertEquals("USA", record.get(2));