Extend the PARTITION BY clause to accept string literals for the time partitioning (#15836)

This PR contains a portion of the changes from the inactive draft PR for integrating the catalog with the Calcite planner https://github.com/apache/druid/pull/13686 from @paul-rogers, extending the PARTITION BY clause to accept string literals for the time partitioning

docs/multi-stage-query/reference.md

@@ -287,6 +287,33 @@ The following ISO 8601 periods are supported for `TIME_FLOOR` and the string con
 - P3M
 - P1Y
 
+The string constant can also include any of the keywords mentioned above:
+
+- `HOUR` - Same as `'PT1H'`
+- `DAY` - Same as `'P1D'`
+- `MONTH` - Same as `'P1M'`
+- `YEAR` - Same as `'P1Y'`
+- `ALL TIME`
+- `ALL` - Alias for `ALL TIME`
+
+The `WEEK` granularity is deprecated and not supported in MSQ.
+
+Examples:
+
+```SQL
+-- Keyword
+PARTITIONED BY HOUR
+
+-- String literal
+PARTITIONED BY 'HOUR'
+
+-- ISO 8601 period
+PARTITIONED BY 'PT1H'
+
+-- TIME_FLOOR function
+PARTITIONED BY TIME_FLOOR(__time, 'PT1H')
+```
+
 For more information about partitioning, see [Partitioning](concepts.md#partitioning-by-time). <br /><br />
 *Avoid  partitioning by week, `P1W`, because weeks don't align neatly with months and years, making it difficult to partition by coarser granularities later.
 

sql/src/main/codegen/config.fmpp

@@ -54,6 +54,7 @@ data: {
       "org.apache.calcite.sql.SqlNodeList"
       "org.apache.calcite.sql.SqlBasicCall"
       "org.apache.druid.java.util.common.granularity.Granularity"
+      "org.apache.druid.java.util.common.granularity.GranularityType"
       "org.apache.druid.java.util.common.granularity.Granularities"
       "org.apache.druid.sql.calcite.parser.DruidSqlInsert"
       "org.apache.druid.sql.calcite.parser.DruidSqlParserUtils"

sql/src/main/codegen/includes/common.ftl

@@ -17,8 +17,7 @@
  * under the License.
  */
 
-// Using fully qualified name for Pair class, since Calcite also has a same class name being used in the Parser.jj
+SqlGranularityLiteral PartitionGranularity() :
-org.apache.druid.java.util.common.Pair<Granularity, String> PartitionGranularity() :
 {
   SqlNode e;
   Granularity granularity;
@@ -52,14 +51,14 @@ org.apache.druid.java.util.common.Pair<Granularity, String> PartitionGranularity
   |
     <ALL>
     {
-      granularity = Granularities.ALL;
+          granularity = Granularities.ALL;
-      unparseString = "ALL";
+          unparseString = "ALL";
     }
     [
-      <TIME>
+       <TIME>
-      {
+       {
-        unparseString += " TIME";
+            unparseString += " TIME";
-      }
+       }
     ]
   |
     e = Expression(ExprContext.ACCEPT_SUB_QUERY)
@@ -69,7 +68,7 @@ org.apache.druid.java.util.common.Pair<Granularity, String> PartitionGranularity
     }
   )
   {
-    return new org.apache.druid.java.util.common.Pair(granularity, unparseString);
+    return new SqlGranularityLiteral(granularity, unparseString, getPos());
   }
 }
 

sql/src/main/codegen/includes/insert.ftl

@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ SqlNode DruidSqlInsertEof() :
   final SqlNodeList columnList;
   final Span s;
   final Pair<SqlNodeList, SqlNodeList> p;
-  org.apache.druid.java.util.common.Pair<Granularity, String> partitionedBy = new org.apache.druid.java.util.common.Pair(null, null);
+  SqlGranularityLiteral partitionedBy = null;
   SqlNodeList clusteredBy = null;
   String exportFileFormat = null;
 }
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ SqlNode DruidSqlInsertEof() :
     clusteredBy = ClusteredBy()
   ]
   {
-      if (clusteredBy != null && partitionedBy.lhs == null) {
+      if (clusteredBy != null && partitionedBy == null) {
         throw org.apache.druid.sql.calcite.parser.DruidSqlParserUtils.problemParsing(
           "CLUSTERED BY found before PARTITIONED BY, CLUSTERED BY must come after the PARTITIONED BY clause"
         );
@@ -112,6 +112,6 @@ SqlNode DruidSqlInsertEof() :
       return insertNode;
     }
     SqlInsert sqlInsert = (SqlInsert) insertNode;
-    return new DruidSqlInsert(sqlInsert, partitionedBy.lhs, partitionedBy.rhs, clusteredBy, exportFileFormat);
+    return DruidSqlInsert.create(sqlInsert, partitionedBy, clusteredBy, exportFileFormat);
   }
 }

sql/src/main/codegen/includes/replace.ftl

@@ -26,8 +26,7 @@ SqlNode DruidSqlReplaceEof() :
     final Span s;
     SqlNode tableRef = null;
     SqlInsert sqlInsert;
-    // Using fully qualified name for Pair class, since Calcite also has a same class name being used in the Parser.jj
+    SqlGranularityLiteral partitionedBy = null;
-    org.apache.druid.java.util.common.Pair<Granularity, String> partitionedBy = new org.apache.druid.java.util.common.Pair(null, null);
     SqlNodeList clusteredBy = null;
     final Pair<SqlNodeList, SqlNodeList> p;
     SqlNode replaceTimeQuery = null;
@@ -78,7 +77,7 @@ SqlNode DruidSqlReplaceEof() :
       clusteredBy = ClusteredBy()
     ]
     {
-        if (clusteredBy != null && partitionedBy.lhs == null) {
+        if (clusteredBy != null && partitionedBy == null) {
           throw org.apache.druid.sql.calcite.parser.DruidSqlParserUtils.problemParsing(
             "CLUSTERED BY found before PARTITIONED BY, CLUSTERED BY must come after the PARTITIONED BY clause"
           );
@@ -91,7 +90,7 @@ SqlNode DruidSqlReplaceEof() :
     <EOF>
     {
       sqlInsert = new SqlInsert(s.end(source), SqlNodeList.EMPTY, destination, source, columnList);
-      return new DruidSqlReplace(sqlInsert, partitionedBy.lhs, partitionedBy.rhs, clusteredBy, replaceTimeQuery, exportFileFormat);
+      return DruidSqlReplace.create(sqlInsert, partitionedBy, clusteredBy, replaceTimeQuery, exportFileFormat);
     }
 }
 

sql/src/main/java/org/apache/druid/sql/calcite/parser/DruidSqlIngest.java

@@ -23,9 +23,10 @@ import org.apache.calcite.sql.SqlInsert;
 import org.apache.calcite.sql.SqlNode;
 import org.apache.calcite.sql.SqlNodeList;
 import org.apache.calcite.sql.parser.SqlParserPos;
-import org.apache.druid.java.util.common.granularity.Granularity;
+import org.apache.calcite.util.ImmutableNullableList;
 
 import javax.annotation.Nullable;
+import java.util.List;
 
 /**
  * Common base class to the two Druid "ingest" statements: INSERT and REPLACE.
@@ -37,10 +38,7 @@ public abstract class DruidSqlIngest extends SqlInsert
   public static final String SQL_EXPORT_FILE_FORMAT = "__exportFileFormat";
 
   @Nullable
-  protected final Granularity partitionedBy;
+  protected final SqlGranularityLiteral partitionedBy;
-
-  // Used in the unparse function to generate the original query since we convert the string to an enum
-  protected final String partitionedByStringForUnparse;
 
   @Nullable
   protected final SqlNodeList clusteredBy;
@@ -53,22 +51,20 @@ public abstract class DruidSqlIngest extends SqlInsert
       SqlNode targetTable,
       SqlNode source,
       SqlNodeList columnList,
-      @Nullable Granularity partitionedBy,
+      @Nullable SqlGranularityLiteral partitionedBy,
-      @Nullable String partitionedByStringForUnparse,
       @Nullable SqlNodeList clusteredBy,
       @Nullable String exportFileFormat
   )
   {
     super(pos, keywords, targetTable, source, columnList);
 
-    this.partitionedByStringForUnparse = partitionedByStringForUnparse;
     this.partitionedBy = partitionedBy;
     this.clusteredBy = clusteredBy;
     this.exportFileFormat = exportFileFormat;
   }
 
   @Nullable
-  public Granularity getPartitionedBy()
+  public SqlGranularityLiteral getPartitionedBy()
   {
     return partitionedBy;
   }
@@ -84,4 +80,14 @@ public abstract class DruidSqlIngest extends SqlInsert
   {
     return exportFileFormat;
   }
+
+  @Override
+  public List<SqlNode> getOperandList()
+  {
+    return ImmutableNullableList.<SqlNode>builder()
+        .addAll(super.getOperandList())
+        .add(partitionedBy)
+        .add(clusteredBy)
+        .build();
+  }
 }

sql/src/main/java/org/apache/druid/sql/calcite/parser/DruidSqlInsert.java

@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ import org.apache.calcite.sql.SqlNode;
 import org.apache.calcite.sql.SqlNodeList;
 import org.apache.calcite.sql.SqlOperator;
 import org.apache.calcite.sql.SqlWriter;
-import org.apache.druid.java.util.common.granularity.Granularity;
+import org.apache.calcite.sql.parser.SqlParserPos;
 
 import javax.annotation.Nonnull;
 import javax.annotation.Nullable;
@@ -41,28 +41,49 @@ public class DruidSqlInsert extends DruidSqlIngest
   // This allows reusing super.unparse
   public static final SqlOperator OPERATOR = SqlInsert.OPERATOR;
 
-  /**
+  public static DruidSqlInsert create(
-   * While partitionedBy and partitionedByStringForUnparse can be null as arguments to the constructor, this is
-   * disallowed (semantically) and the constructor performs checks to ensure that. This helps in producing friendly
-   * errors when the PARTITIONED BY custom clause is not present, and keeps its error separate from JavaCC/Calcite's
-   * custom errors which can be cryptic when someone accidentally forgets to explicitly specify the PARTITIONED BY clause
-   */
-  public DruidSqlInsert(
       @Nonnull SqlInsert insertNode,
-      @Nullable Granularity partitionedBy,
+      @Nullable SqlGranularityLiteral partitionedBy,
-      @Nullable String partitionedByStringForUnparse,
       @Nullable SqlNodeList clusteredBy,
       @Nullable String exportFileFormat
   )
   {
-    super(
+    return new DruidSqlInsert(
         insertNode.getParserPosition(),
         (SqlNodeList) insertNode.getOperandList().get(0), // No better getter to extract this
         insertNode.getTargetTable(),
         insertNode.getSource(),
         insertNode.getTargetColumnList(),
         partitionedBy,
-        partitionedByStringForUnparse,
+        clusteredBy,
+        exportFileFormat
+    );
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * While partitionedBy can be null as arguments to the constructor, this is
+   * disallowed (semantically) and the constructor performs checks to ensure that. This helps in producing friendly
+   * errors when the PARTITIONED BY custom clause is not present, and keeps its error separate from JavaCC/Calcite's
+   * custom errors which can be cryptic when someone accidentally forgets to explicitly specify the PARTITIONED BY clause
+   */
+  public DruidSqlInsert(
+      SqlParserPos pos,
+      SqlNodeList keywords,
+      SqlNode targetTable,
+      SqlNode source,
+      SqlNodeList columnList,
+      @Nullable SqlGranularityLiteral partitionedBy,
+      @Nullable SqlNodeList clusteredBy,
+      @Nullable String exportFileFormat
+  )
+  {
+    super(
+        pos,
+        keywords,
+        targetTable,
+        source,
+        columnList,
+        partitionedBy,
         clusteredBy,
         exportFileFormat
     );
@@ -95,9 +116,9 @@ public class DruidSqlInsert extends DruidSqlIngest
     getSource().unparse(writer, 0, 0);
     writer.newlineAndIndent();
 
-    if (partitionedByStringForUnparse != null) {
+    if (getPartitionedBy() != null) {
       writer.keyword("PARTITIONED BY");
-      writer.keyword(partitionedByStringForUnparse);
+      getPartitionedBy().unparse(writer, leftPrec, rightPrec);
     }
 
     if (getClusteredBy() != null) {

sql/src/main/java/org/apache/druid/sql/calcite/parser/DruidSqlParserUtils.java

@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
 
 package org.apache.druid.sql.calcite.parser;
 
+import com.google.common.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
 import com.google.common.base.Preconditions;
 import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableList;
 import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableSet;
@@ -77,6 +78,16 @@ public class DruidSqlParserUtils
   private static final Logger log = new Logger(DruidSqlParserUtils.class);
   public static final String ALL = "all";
 
+  private static final List<GranularityType> DOCUMENTED_GRANULARTIES = Arrays.stream(GranularityType.values())
+      .filter(g -> g != GranularityType.WEEK)
+      .collect(Collectors.toList());
+  @VisibleForTesting
+  public static final String PARTITION_ERROR_MESSAGE =
+      "Invalid granularity[%s] specified after PARTITIONED BY clause.  "
+      + "Expected "
+      + StringUtils.replace(StringUtils.replace(DOCUMENTED_GRANULARTIES.toString(), "[", ""), "]", ",").trim()
+      + " ALL TIME, FLOOR() or TIME_FLOOR()";
+
   /**
    * Delegates to {@code convertSqlNodeToGranularity} and converts the exceptions to {@link ParseException}
    * with the underlying message
@@ -96,28 +107,63 @@ public class DruidSqlParserUtils
   }
 
   /**
-   * This method is used to extract the granularity from a SqlNode representing following function calls:
+   * This method is used to extract the granularity from a SqlNode which represents
-   * 1. FLOOR(__time TO TimeUnit)
+   * the argument to the {@code PARTITIONED BY} clause. The node can be any of the following:
-   * 2. TIME_FLOOR(__time, 'PT1H')
+   * <ul>
+   * <li>A literal with a string that matches the SQL keywords
+   * {@code HOUR, DAY, MONTH, YEAR, ALL [TIME]}</li>
+   * <li>A literal string with a period in ISO 8601 format.</li>
+   * <li>Function call: {@code FLOOR(__time TO TimeUnit)}</li>
+   * <li>Function call: TIME_FLOOR(__time, 'PT1H')}</li>
+   * </ul>
    * <p>
-   * Validation on the sqlNode is contingent to following conditions:
+   * Validation of the function sqlNode is contingent to following conditions:
-   * 1. sqlNode is an instance of SqlCall
+   * <ol>
-   * 2. Operator is either one of TIME_FLOOR or FLOOR
+   * <li>sqlNode is an instance of SqlCall</li>
-   * 3. Number of operands in the call are 2
+   * <li>Operator is either one of TIME_FLOOR or FLOOR</li>
-   * 4. First operand is a SimpleIdentifier representing __time
+   * <li>Number of operands in the call are 2</li>
-   * 5. If operator is TIME_FLOOR, the second argument is a literal, and can be converted to the Granularity class
+   * <li>First operand is a SimpleIdentifier representing __time</li>
-   * 6. If operator is FLOOR, the second argument is a TimeUnit, and can be mapped using {@link TimeUnits}
+   * <li>If operator is TIME_FLOOR, the second argument is a literal, and can be converted to the Granularity class</li>
+   * <li>If operator is FLOOR, the second argument is a TimeUnit, and can be mapped using {@link TimeUnits}</li>
+   * </ol>
    * <p>
-   * Since it is to be used primarily while parsing the SqlNode, it is wrapped in {@code convertSqlNodeToGranularityThrowingParseExceptions}
+   * This method is called during validation, which will catch any errors. It is then called again
+   * during conversion, at which time we assume the node is valid.
    *
    * @param sqlNode SqlNode representing a call to a function
    *
    * @return Granularity as intended by the function call
    *
-   * @throws ParseException SqlNode cannot be converted a granularity
+   * @throws DruidException if SqlNode cannot be converted to a granularity
    */
-  public static Granularity convertSqlNodeToGranularity(SqlNode sqlNode) throws ParseException
+  @Nullable
+  public static Granularity convertSqlNodeToGranularity(SqlNode sqlNode)
   {
+    if (sqlNode == null) {
+      return null;
+    }
+
+    if (sqlNode instanceof SqlLiteral) {
+      final Granularity retVal;
+      SqlLiteral literal = (SqlLiteral) sqlNode;
+      if (SqlLiteral.valueMatchesType(literal.getValue(), SqlTypeName.CHAR)) {
+        retVal = convertSqlLiteralCharToGranularity(literal);
+      } else {
+        throw makeInvalidPartitionByException(literal);
+      }
+
+      validateSupportedGranularityForPartitionedBy(sqlNode, retVal);
+      return retVal;
+    }
+
+    if (sqlNode instanceof SqlIdentifier) {
+      SqlIdentifier identifier = (SqlIdentifier) sqlNode;
+      final Granularity retVal;
+      retVal = convertSqlIdentiferToGranularity(identifier);
+      validateSupportedGranularityForPartitionedBy(sqlNode, retVal);
+      return retVal;
+    }
+
     if (!(sqlNode instanceof SqlCall)) {
       throw makeInvalidPartitionByException(sqlNode);
     }
@@ -166,7 +212,9 @@ public class DruidSqlParserUtils
         period = new Period(granularityString);
       }
       catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
-        throw new ParseException(StringUtils.format("%s is an invalid period string", granularitySqlNode.toString()));
+        throw InvalidSqlInput.exception(
+            StringUtils.format("granularity[%s] is an invalid period string", granularitySqlNode.toString()),
+            sqlNode);
       }
       final PeriodGranularity retVal = new PeriodGranularity(period, null, null);
       validateSupportedGranularityForPartitionedBy(sqlNode, retVal);
@@ -200,17 +248,51 @@ public class DruidSqlParserUtils
     throw makeInvalidPartitionByException(sqlNode);
   }
 
+  private static Granularity convertSqlLiteralCharToGranularity(SqlLiteral literal)
+  {
+    String value = literal.getValueAs(String.class);
+    try {
+      return Granularity.fromString(value);
+    }
+    catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
+      try {
+        return new PeriodGranularity(new Period(value), null, null);
+      }
+      catch (Exception e2) {
+        throw makeInvalidPartitionByException(literal);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  private static Granularity convertSqlIdentiferToGranularity(SqlIdentifier identifier)
+  {
+    if (identifier.names.isEmpty()) {
+      throw makeInvalidPartitionByException(identifier);
+    }
+    String value = identifier.names.get(0);
+    try {
+      return Granularity.fromString(value);
+    }
+    catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
+      try {
+        return new PeriodGranularity(new Period(value), null, null);
+      }
+      catch (Exception e2) {
+        throw makeInvalidPartitionByException(identifier);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
   private static DruidException makeInvalidPartitionByException(SqlNode sqlNode)
   {
     return InvalidSqlInput.exception(
-        "Invalid granularity [%s] after PARTITIONED BY.  "
+        PARTITION_ERROR_MESSAGE,
-        + "Expected HOUR, DAY, MONTH, YEAR, ALL TIME, FLOOR() or TIME_FLOOR()",
         sqlNode
     );
   }
 
   /**
-   * This method validates and converts a {@link SqlNode} representing a query into an optimized list of intervals to
+   * Validates and converts a {@link SqlNode} representing a query into an optimized list of intervals to
    * be used in creating an ingestion spec. If the sqlNode is an SqlLiteral of {@link #ALL}, returns a singleton list of
    * "ALL". Otherwise, it converts and optimizes the query using {@link MoveTimeFiltersToIntervals} into a list of
    * intervals which contain all valid values of time as per the query.
@@ -579,7 +661,10 @@ public class DruidSqlParserUtils
     return String.valueOf(zonedTimestamp.toInstant().toEpochMilli());
   }
 
-  public static void validateSupportedGranularityForPartitionedBy(SqlNode originalNode, Granularity granularity)
+  public static void validateSupportedGranularityForPartitionedBy(
+      @Nullable SqlNode originalNode,
+      Granularity granularity
+  )
   {
     if (!GranularityType.isStandard(granularity)) {
       throw InvalidSqlInput.exception(

sql/src/main/java/org/apache/druid/sql/calcite/parser/DruidSqlReplace.java

@@ -27,10 +27,12 @@ import org.apache.calcite.sql.SqlNodeList;
 import org.apache.calcite.sql.SqlOperator;
 import org.apache.calcite.sql.SqlSpecialOperator;
 import org.apache.calcite.sql.SqlWriter;
-import org.apache.druid.java.util.common.granularity.Granularity;
+import org.apache.calcite.sql.parser.SqlParserPos;
+import org.apache.calcite.util.ImmutableNullableList;
 
 import javax.annotation.Nonnull;
 import javax.annotation.Nullable;
+import java.util.List;
 
 /**
  * Extends the 'replace' call to hold custom parameters specific to Druid i.e. PARTITIONED BY and the PARTITION SPECS
@@ -45,29 +47,52 @@ public class DruidSqlReplace extends DruidSqlIngest
 
   private final SqlNode replaceTimeQuery;
 
-  /**
+  public static DruidSqlReplace create(
-   * While partitionedBy and partitionedByStringForUnparse can be null as arguments to the constructor, this is
-   * disallowed (semantically) and the constructor performs checks to ensure that. This helps in producing friendly
-   * errors when the PARTITIONED BY custom clause is not present, and keeps its error separate from JavaCC/Calcite's
-   * custom errors which can be cryptic when someone accidentally forgets to explicitly specify the PARTITIONED BY clause
-   */
-  public DruidSqlReplace(
       @Nonnull SqlInsert insertNode,
-      @Nullable Granularity partitionedBy,
+      @Nullable SqlGranularityLiteral partitionedBy,
-      @Nullable String partitionedByStringForUnparse,
       @Nullable SqlNodeList clusteredBy,
       @Nullable SqlNode replaceTimeQuery,
       @Nullable String exportFileFormat
   )
   {
-    super(
+    return new DruidSqlReplace(
         insertNode.getParserPosition(),
         (SqlNodeList) insertNode.getOperandList().get(0), // No better getter to extract this
         insertNode.getTargetTable(),
         insertNode.getSource(),
         insertNode.getTargetColumnList(),
         partitionedBy,
-        partitionedByStringForUnparse,
+        clusteredBy,
+        replaceTimeQuery,
+        exportFileFormat
+    );
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * While partitionedBy can be null as arguments to the constructor, this is
+   * disallowed (semantically) and the constructor performs checks to ensure that. This helps in producing friendly
+   * errors when the PARTITIONED BY custom clause is not present, and keeps its error separate from JavaCC/Calcite's
+   * custom errors which can be cryptic when someone accidentally forgets to explicitly specify the PARTITIONED BY clause
+   */
+  public DruidSqlReplace(
+      SqlParserPos pos,
+      SqlNodeList keywords,
+      SqlNode targetTable,
+      SqlNode source,
+      SqlNodeList columnList,
+      @Nullable SqlGranularityLiteral partitionedBy,
+      @Nullable SqlNodeList clusteredBy,
+      @Nullable SqlNode replaceTimeQuery,
+      @Nullable String exportFileFormat
+  )
+  {
+    super(
+        pos,
+        keywords,
+        targetTable,
+        source,
+        columnList,
+        partitionedBy,
         clusteredBy,
         exportFileFormat
     );
@@ -87,6 +112,15 @@ public class DruidSqlReplace extends DruidSqlIngest
     return OPERATOR;
   }
 
+  @Override
+  public List<SqlNode> getOperandList()
+  {
+    return ImmutableNullableList.<SqlNode>builder()
+        .addAll(super.getOperandList())
+        .add(replaceTimeQuery)
+        .build();
+  }
+
   @Override
   public void unparse(SqlWriter writer, int leftPrec, int rightPrec)
   {
@@ -118,9 +152,9 @@ public class DruidSqlReplace extends DruidSqlIngest
     getSource().unparse(writer, 0, 0);
     writer.newlineAndIndent();
 
-    if (partitionedByStringForUnparse != null) {
+    if (getPartitionedBy() != null) {
       writer.keyword("PARTITIONED BY");
-      writer.keyword(partitionedByStringForUnparse);
+      getPartitionedBy().unparse(writer, 0, 0);
     }
 
     if (getClusteredBy() != null) {

sql/src/main/java/org/apache/druid/sql/calcite/parser/SqlGranularityLiteral.java

@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ */
+
+package org.apache.druid.sql.calcite.parser;
+
+import org.apache.calcite.sql.SqlIdentifier;
+import org.apache.calcite.sql.SqlLiteral;
+import org.apache.calcite.sql.SqlWriter;
+import org.apache.calcite.sql.parser.SqlParserPos;
+import org.apache.calcite.sql.type.SqlTypeName;
+import org.apache.calcite.util.NlsString;
+import org.apache.druid.error.DruidException;
+import org.apache.druid.java.util.common.granularity.Granularity;
+
+import javax.annotation.Nonnull;
+
+/**
+ * Extends the {@link SqlIdentifier} to hold parameters for the PARTITIONED BY clause.
+ */
+public class SqlGranularityLiteral extends SqlLiteral
+{
+  private String unparseString;
+  private Granularity granularity;
+
+  public SqlGranularityLiteral(
+      @Nonnull Granularity granularity,
+      @Nonnull String unparseString,
+      SqlParserPos pos)
+  {
+    super(new NlsString(unparseString, null, null), SqlTypeName.CHAR, pos);
+    this.granularity = granularity;
+    this.unparseString = unparseString;
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public SqlGranularityLiteral clone(SqlParserPos pos)
+  {
+    return new SqlGranularityLiteral(granularity, unparseString, pos);
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  @Deprecated
+  public Object clone()
+  {
+    throw DruidException.defensive("Function is deprecated, please use clone(SqlNode) instead.");
+  }
+
+  @Nonnull
+  public Granularity getGranularity()
+  {
+    return granularity;
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public void unparse(SqlWriter writer, int leftPrec, int rightPrec)
+  {
+    if (unparseString != null) {
+      writer.keyword(unparseString);
+    }
+  }
+}

sql/src/main/java/org/apache/druid/sql/calcite/planner/IngestHandler.java

@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ public abstract class IngestHandler extends QueryHandler
   )
   {
     super(handlerContext, queryNode, explain);
-    this.ingestionGranularity = ingestNode.getPartitionedBy();
+    ingestionGranularity = ingestNode.getPartitionedBy() != null ? ingestNode.getPartitionedBy().getGranularity() : null;
     handlerContext.hook().captureInsert(ingestNode);
   }
 

sql/src/test/java/org/apache/druid/sql/calcite/CalciteInsertDmlTest.java

@@ -47,6 +47,7 @@ import org.apache.druid.sql.calcite.external.ExternalDataSource;
 import org.apache.druid.sql.calcite.external.Externals;
 import org.apache.druid.sql.calcite.filtration.Filtration;
 import org.apache.druid.sql.calcite.parser.DruidSqlInsert;
+import org.apache.druid.sql.calcite.parser.DruidSqlParserUtils;
 import org.apache.druid.sql.calcite.planner.Calcites;
 import org.apache.druid.sql.calcite.planner.PlannerContext;
 import org.apache.druid.sql.calcite.util.CalciteTests;
@@ -1016,6 +1017,47 @@ public class CalciteInsertDmlTest extends CalciteIngestionDmlTest
         .verify();
   }
 
+  @Test
+  public void testInsertPeriodFormGranularityWithClusteredBy()
+  {
+    // Test correctness of the query when only the CLUSTERED BY clause is present
+    RowSignature targetRowSignature = RowSignature.builder()
+        .add("__time", ColumnType.LONG)
+        .add("floor_m1", ColumnType.FLOAT)
+        .add("dim1", ColumnType.STRING)
+        .add("ceil_m2", ColumnType.DOUBLE)
+        .build();
+    testIngestionQuery()
+        .sql(
+            "INSERT INTO druid.dst "
+            + "SELECT __time, FLOOR(m1) as floor_m1, dim1, CEIL(m2) as ceil_m2 FROM foo "
+            + "PARTITIONED BY P1D CLUSTERED BY 2, dim1, CEIL(m2)"
+        )
+        .expectTarget("dst", targetRowSignature)
+        .expectResources(dataSourceRead("foo"), dataSourceWrite("dst"))
+        .expectQuery(
+            newScanQueryBuilder()
+                .dataSource("foo")
+                .intervals(querySegmentSpec(Filtration.eternity()))
+                .columns("__time", "dim1", "v0", "v1")
+                .virtualColumns(
+                    expressionVirtualColumn("v0", "floor(\"m1\")", ColumnType.FLOAT),
+                    expressionVirtualColumn("v1", "ceil(\"m2\")", ColumnType.DOUBLE)
+                )
+                .orderBy(
+                    ImmutableList.of(
+                        new ScanQuery.OrderBy("v0", ScanQuery.Order.ASCENDING),
+                        new ScanQuery.OrderBy("dim1", ScanQuery.Order.ASCENDING),
+                        new ScanQuery.OrderBy("v1", ScanQuery.Order.ASCENDING)
+                    )
+                )
+                .context(queryContextWithGranularity(Granularities.DAY))
+                .build()
+        )
+        .expectLogicalPlanFrom("insertPartitionedByP1DWithClusteredBy")
+        .verify();
+  }
+
   @Test
   public void testInsertWithoutPartitionedByWithClusteredBy()
   {
@@ -1130,8 +1172,7 @@ public class CalciteInsertDmlTest extends CalciteIngestionDmlTest
       MatcherAssert.assertThat(
           e,
           invalidSqlIs(
-              "Invalid granularity ['invalid_granularity'] after PARTITIONED BY.  "
+              StringUtils.format(DruidSqlParserUtils.PARTITION_ERROR_MESSAGE, "'invalid_granularity'")
-              + "Expected HOUR, DAY, MONTH, YEAR, ALL TIME, FLOOR() or TIME_FLOOR()"
           ));
     }
     didTest = true;

sql/src/test/java/org/apache/druid/sql/calcite/CalciteReplaceDmlTest.java

@@ -604,10 +604,8 @@ public class CalciteReplaceDmlTest extends CalciteIngestionDmlTest
       MatcherAssert.assertThat(
           e,
           invalidSqlIs(
-              "Invalid granularity ['invalid_granularity'] after PARTITIONED BY.  "
+              StringUtils.format(DruidSqlParserUtils.PARTITION_ERROR_MESSAGE, "'invalid_granularity'")
-              + "Expected HOUR, DAY, MONTH, YEAR, ALL TIME, FLOOR() or TIME_FLOOR()"
+          ));
-          )
-      );
     }
     didTest = true;
   }

sql/src/test/java/org/apache/druid/sql/calcite/parser/DruidSqlParserUtilsTest.java

@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ package org.apache.druid.sql.calcite.parser;
 
 import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableList;
 import org.apache.calcite.avatica.util.TimeUnit;
+import org.apache.calcite.avatica.util.TimeUnitRange;
 import org.apache.calcite.sql.SqlAsOperator;
 import org.apache.calcite.sql.SqlBasicCall;
 import org.apache.calcite.sql.SqlIdentifier;
@@ -39,12 +40,14 @@ import org.apache.druid.error.DruidExceptionMatcher;
 import org.apache.druid.java.util.common.DateTimes;
 import org.apache.druid.java.util.common.granularity.Granularities;
 import org.apache.druid.java.util.common.granularity.Granularity;
+import org.apache.druid.sql.calcite.expression.TimeUnits;
 import org.apache.druid.sql.calcite.expression.builtin.TimeFloorOperatorConversion;
 import org.apache.druid.sql.calcite.planner.Calcites;
 import org.apache.druid.sql.calcite.planner.DruidTypeSystem;
 import org.hamcrest.MatcherAssert;
 import org.joda.time.DateTime;
 import org.joda.time.DateTimeZone;
+import org.joda.time.Period;
 import org.junit.Assert;
 import org.junit.Test;
 import org.junit.experimental.runners.Enclosed;
@@ -102,23 +105,25 @@ public class DruidSqlParserUtilsTest
     public static Iterable<Object[]> constructorFeeder()
     {
       return ImmutableList.of(
-          new Object[]{TimeUnit.SECOND, Granularities.SECOND},
+          new Object[]{TimeUnit.SECOND, TimeUnits.toPeriod(TimeUnitRange.SECOND), Granularities.SECOND},
-          new Object[]{TimeUnit.MINUTE, Granularities.MINUTE},
+          new Object[]{TimeUnit.MINUTE, TimeUnits.toPeriod(TimeUnitRange.MINUTE), Granularities.MINUTE},
-          new Object[]{TimeUnit.HOUR, Granularities.HOUR},
+          new Object[]{TimeUnit.HOUR, TimeUnits.toPeriod(TimeUnitRange.HOUR), Granularities.HOUR},
-          new Object[]{TimeUnit.DAY, Granularities.DAY},
+          new Object[]{TimeUnit.DAY, TimeUnits.toPeriod(TimeUnitRange.DAY), Granularities.DAY},
-          new Object[]{TimeUnit.WEEK, Granularities.WEEK},
+          new Object[]{TimeUnit.WEEK, TimeUnits.toPeriod(TimeUnitRange.WEEK), Granularities.WEEK},
-          new Object[]{TimeUnit.MONTH, Granularities.MONTH},
+          new Object[]{TimeUnit.MONTH, TimeUnits.toPeriod(TimeUnitRange.MONTH), Granularities.MONTH},
-          new Object[]{TimeUnit.QUARTER, Granularities.QUARTER},
+          new Object[]{TimeUnit.QUARTER, TimeUnits.toPeriod(TimeUnitRange.QUARTER), Granularities.QUARTER},
-          new Object[]{TimeUnit.YEAR, Granularities.YEAR}
+          new Object[]{TimeUnit.YEAR, TimeUnits.toPeriod(TimeUnitRange.YEAR), Granularities.YEAR}
       );
     }
 
     TimeUnit timeUnit;
+    Period period;
     Granularity expectedGranularity;
 
-    public FloorToGranularityConversionTest(TimeUnit timeUnit, Granularity expectedGranularity)
+    public FloorToGranularityConversionTest(TimeUnit timeUnit, Period period, Granularity expectedGranularity)
     {
       this.timeUnit = timeUnit;
+      this.period = period;
       this.expectedGranularity = expectedGranularity;
     }
 
@@ -133,6 +138,39 @@ public class DruidSqlParserUtilsTest
       Granularity actualGranularity = DruidSqlParserUtils.convertSqlNodeToGranularityThrowingParseExceptions(floorCall);
       Assert.assertEquals(expectedGranularity, actualGranularity);
     }
+
+    /**
+     * Tests clause like "PARTITIONED BY 'day'"
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void testConvertSqlNodeToGranularityAsLiteral() throws ParseException
+    {
+      SqlNode sqlNode = SqlLiteral.createCharString(timeUnit.name(), SqlParserPos.ZERO);
+      Granularity actualGranularity = DruidSqlParserUtils.convertSqlNodeToGranularityThrowingParseExceptions(sqlNode);
+      Assert.assertEquals(expectedGranularity, actualGranularity);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Tests clause like "PARTITIONED BY PT1D"
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void testConvertSqlNodeToPeriodFormGranularityAsIdentifier() throws ParseException
+    {
+      SqlNode sqlNode = new SqlIdentifier(period.toString(), SqlParserPos.ZERO);
+      Granularity actualGranularity = DruidSqlParserUtils.convertSqlNodeToGranularityThrowingParseExceptions(sqlNode);
+      Assert.assertEquals(expectedGranularity, actualGranularity);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Tests clause like "PARTITIONED BY 'PT1D'"
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void testConvertSqlNodeToPeriodFormGranularityAsLiteral() throws ParseException
+    {
+      SqlNode sqlNode = SqlLiteral.createCharString(period.toString(), SqlParserPos.ZERO);
+      Granularity actualGranularity = DruidSqlParserUtils.convertSqlNodeToGranularityThrowingParseExceptions(sqlNode);
+      Assert.assertEquals(expectedGranularity, actualGranularity);
+    }
   }
 
   /**
@@ -305,28 +343,6 @@ public class DruidSqlParserUtilsTest
 
   public static class FloorToGranularityConversionErrorsTest
   {
-    /**
-     * Tests clause like "PARTITIONED BY 'day'"
-     */
-    @Test
-    public void testConvertSqlNodeToGranularityWithIncorrectNode()
-    {
-      SqlNode sqlNode = SqlLiteral.createCharString("day", SqlParserPos.ZERO);
-      DruidException e = Assert.assertThrows(
-          DruidException.class,
-          () -> DruidSqlParserUtils.convertSqlNodeToGranularityThrowingParseExceptions(sqlNode)
-      );
-      MatcherAssert.assertThat(
-          e,
-          DruidExceptionMatcher
-              .invalidSqlInput()
-              .expectMessageIs(
-                  "Invalid granularity ['day'] after PARTITIONED BY.  "
-                  + "Expected HOUR, DAY, MONTH, YEAR, ALL TIME, FLOOR() or TIME_FLOOR()"
-              )
-      );
-    }
-
     /**
      * Tests clause like "PARTITIONED BY CEIL(__time TO DAY)"
      */
@@ -424,11 +440,11 @@ public class DruidSqlParserUtilsTest
       args.add(new SqlIdentifier("__time", SqlParserPos.ZERO));
       args.add(SqlLiteral.createCharString("abc", SqlParserPos.ZERO));
       final SqlNode sqlNode = TimeFloorOperatorConversion.SQL_FUNCTION.createCall(args);
-      ParseException e = Assert.assertThrows(
+      DruidException e = Assert.assertThrows(
-          ParseException.class,
+          DruidException.class,
           () -> DruidSqlParserUtils.convertSqlNodeToGranularityThrowingParseExceptions(sqlNode)
       );
-      Assert.assertEquals("'abc' is an invalid period string", e.getMessage());
+      Assert.assertEquals("granularity['abc'] is an invalid period string", e.getMessage());
     }
   }
 

sql/src/test/resources/calcite/expected/ingest/InsertFromExternalWithoutSecuritySupport-logicalPlan.txt

@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
-LogicalInsert(target=[dst], partitionedBy=[AllGranularity], clusteredBy=[<none>])
+LogicalInsert(target=[dst], partitionedBy=[ALL TIME], clusteredBy=[<none>])
   LogicalProject(inputs=[0..2])
     ExternalTableScan(dataSource=[{"type":"external","inputSource":{"type":"CalciteIngestionDmlTest$TestFileInputSource","files":["/tmp/foo.csv"]},"inputFormat":{"type":"csv","columns":["x","y","z"]},"signature":[{"name":"x","type":"STRING"},{"name":"y","type":"STRING"},{"name":"z","type":"LONG"}]}])

sql/src/test/resources/calcite/expected/ingest/httpExtern-logicalPlan.txt

@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
-LogicalInsert(target=[dst], partitionedBy=[AllGranularity], clusteredBy=[<none>])
+LogicalInsert(target=[dst], partitionedBy=[ALL TIME], clusteredBy=[<none>])
   LogicalProject(inputs=[0..2])
     ExternalTableScan(dataSource=[{"type":"external","inputSource":{"type":"http","uris":["http://foo.com/bar.csv"],"httpAuthenticationUsername":"bob","httpAuthenticationPassword":{"type":"default","password":"secret"}},"inputFormat":{"type":"csv","columns":["x","y","z"]},"signature":[{"name":"x","type":"STRING"},{"name":"y","type":"STRING"},{"name":"z","type":"LONG"}]}])

sql/src/test/resources/calcite/expected/ingest/insertFromExternal-logicalPlan.txt

@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
-LogicalInsert(target=[dst], partitionedBy=[AllGranularity], clusteredBy=[<none>])
+LogicalInsert(target=[dst], partitionedBy=[ALL TIME], clusteredBy=[<none>])
   LogicalProject(inputs=[0..2])
     ExternalTableScan(dataSource=[{"type":"external","inputSource":{"type":"inline","data":"a,b,1\nc,d,2\n"},"inputFormat":{"type":"csv","columns":["x","y","z"]},"signature":[{"name":"x","type":"STRING"},{"name":"y","type":"STRING"},{"name":"z","type":"LONG"}]}])

sql/src/test/resources/calcite/expected/ingest/insertPartitionedByP1DWithClusteredBy-logicalPlan.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+LogicalInsert(target=[druid.dst], partitionedBy=[P1D], clusteredBy=[2, `dim1`, CEIL(`m2`)])
+  LogicalSort(sort0=[$1], sort1=[$2], sort2=[$3], dir0=[ASC], dir1=[ASC], dir2=[ASC])
+    LogicalProject(inputs=[0], exprs=[[FLOOR($5), $1, CEIL($6)]])
+      LogicalTableScan(table=[[druid, foo]])

sql/src/test/resources/calcite/expected/ingest/insertWithClusteredBy-logicalPlan.txt

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-LogicalInsert(target=[druid.dst], partitionedBy=[{type=period, period=P1D, timeZone=UTC, origin=null}], clusteredBy=[2, `dim1`, CEIL(`m2`)])
+LogicalInsert(target=[druid.dst], partitionedBy=[FLOOR(`__TIME` TO DAY)], clusteredBy=[2, `dim1`, CEIL(`m2`)])
   LogicalSort(sort0=[$1], sort1=[$2], sort2=[$3], dir0=[ASC], dir1=[ASC], dir2=[ASC])
     LogicalProject(inputs=[0], exprs=[[FLOOR($5), $1, CEIL($6)]])
       LogicalTableScan(table=[[druid, foo]])

sql/src/test/resources/calcite/expected/ingest/insertWithPartitionedBy-logicalPlan.txt

@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
-LogicalInsert(target=[druid.dst], partitionedBy=[{type=period, period=PT1H, timeZone=UTC, origin=null}], clusteredBy=[<none>])
+LogicalInsert(target=[druid.dst], partitionedBy=[`TIME_FLOOR`(`__TIME`, 'PT1H')], clusteredBy=[<none>])
   LogicalProject(inputs=[0], exprs=[[FLOOR($5), $1]])
     LogicalTableScan(table=[[druid, foo]])

sql/src/test/resources/calcite/expected/ingest/localExtern-logicalPlan.txt

@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
-LogicalInsert(target=[dst], partitionedBy=[AllGranularity], clusteredBy=[<none>])
+LogicalInsert(target=[dst], partitionedBy=[ALL TIME], clusteredBy=[<none>])
   LogicalProject(inputs=[0..2])
     ExternalTableScan(dataSource=[{"type":"external","inputSource":{"type":"local","files":["/tmp/foo.csv","/tmp/bar.csv"]},"inputFormat":{"type":"csv","columns":["x","y","z"]},"signature":[{"name":"x","type":"STRING"},{"name":"y","type":"STRING"},{"name":"z","type":"LONG"}]}])