---
id: known-issues
title: SQL-based ingestion known issues
sidebar_label: Known issues
---

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> This page describes SQL-based batch ingestion using the [`druid-multi-stage-query`](../multi-stage-query/index.md)
> extension, new in Druid 24.0. Refer to the [ingestion methods](../ingestion/index.md#batch) table to determine which
> ingestion method is right for you.

## Multi-stage query task runtime

- Fault tolerance is not implemented. If any task fails, the entire query fails.

- Worker task stage outputs are stored in the working directory given by `druid.indexer.task.baseDir`. Stages that
generate a large amount of output data may exhaust all available disk space. In this case, the query fails with
an [UnknownError](./reference.md#error_UnknownError) with a message including "No space left on device".

## SELECT

- SELECT from a Druid datasource does not include unpublished real-time data.

- GROUPING SETS and UNION ALL are not implemented. Queries using these features return a
  [QueryNotSupported](reference.md#error_QueryNotSupported) error.

- For some COUNT DISTINCT queries, you'll encounter a [QueryNotSupported](reference.md#error_QueryNotSupported) error
  that includes `Must not have 'subtotalsSpec'` as one of its causes. This is caused by the planner attempting to use
  GROUPING SETs, which are not implemented.

- The numeric varieties of the EARLIEST and LATEST aggregators do not work properly. Attempting to use the numeric
  varieties of these aggregators lead to an error like
  `java.lang.ClassCastException: class java.lang.Double cannot be cast to class org.apache.druid.collections.SerializablePair`.
  The string varieties, however, do work properly.

## INSERT and REPLACE

- INSERT and REPLACE with column lists, like `INSERT INTO tbl (a, b, c) SELECT ...`, is not implemented.

- `INSERT ... SELECT` and `REPLACE ... SELECT` insert columns from the SELECT statement based on column name. This
differs from SQL standard behavior, where columns are inserted based on position.

- INSERT and REPLACE do not support all options available in [ingestion specs](../ingestion/ingestion-spec.md),
including the `createBitmapIndex` and `multiValueHandling` [dimension](../ingestion/ingestion-spec.md#dimension-objects)
properties, and the `indexSpec` [`tuningConfig`](../ingestion/ingestion-spec.md#tuningconfig) property.

## EXTERN

- The [schemaless dimensions](../ingestion/ingestion-spec.md#inclusions-and-exclusions)
  feature is not available. All columns and their types must be specified explicitly using the `signature` parameter
  of the [EXTERN function](reference.md#extern).

- EXTERN with input sources that match large numbers of files may exhaust available memory on the controller task.

- EXTERN does not accept `druid` input sources. Use FROM instead.