---
id: s3
title: "S3-compatible"
---

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To use this Apache Druid extension, make sure to [include](../../development/extensions.md#loading-extensions) `druid-s3-extensions` as an extension.

## Deep Storage

S3-compatible deep storage means either AWS S3 or a compatible service like Google Storage which exposes the same API as S3.

### Configuration

S3 deep storage needs to be explicitly enabled by setting `druid.storage.type=s3`. **Only after setting the storage type to S3 will any of the settings below take effect.**

The AWS SDK requires that the target region be specified. Two ways of doing this are by using the JVM system property `aws.region` or the environment variable `AWS_REGION`.

As an example, to set the region to 'us-east-1' through system properties:

- Add `-Daws.region=us-east-1` to the jvm.config file for all Druid services.
- Add `-Daws.region=us-east-1` to `druid.indexer.runner.javaOpts` in middleManager/runtime.properties so that the property will be passed to Peon (worker) processes.

|Property|Description|Default|
|--------|-----------|-------|
|`druid.s3.accessKey`|S3 access key. See [S3 authentication methods](#s3-authentication-methods) for more details|Can be omitted according to authentication methods chosen.|
|`druid.s3.secretKey`|S3 secret key. See [S3 authentication methods](#s3-authentication-methods) for more details|Can be omitted according to authentication methods chosen.|
|`druid.s3.fileSessionCredentials`|Path to properties file containing `sessionToken`, `accessKey` and `secretKey` value. One key/value pair per line (format `key=value`). See [S3 authentication methods](#s3-authentication-methods) for more details |Can be omitted according to authentication methods chosen.|
|`druid.s3.protocol`|Communication protocol type to use when sending requests to AWS. `http` or `https` can be used. This configuration would be ignored if `druid.s3.endpoint.url` is filled with a URL with a different protocol.|`https`|
|`druid.s3.disableChunkedEncoding`|Disables chunked encoding. See [AWS document](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSJavaSDK/latest/javadoc/com/amazonaws/services/s3/AmazonS3Builder.html#disableChunkedEncoding--) for details.|false|
|`druid.s3.enablePathStyleAccess`|Enables path style access. See [AWS document](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSJavaSDK/latest/javadoc/com/amazonaws/services/s3/AmazonS3Builder.html#enablePathStyleAccess--) for details.|false|
|`druid.s3.forceGlobalBucketAccessEnabled`|Enables global bucket access. See [AWS document](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSJavaSDK/latest/javadoc/com/amazonaws/services/s3/AmazonS3Builder.html#setForceGlobalBucketAccessEnabled-java.lang.Boolean-) for details.|false|
|`druid.s3.endpoint.url`|Service endpoint either with or without the protocol.|None|
|`druid.s3.endpoint.signingRegion`|Region to use for SigV4 signing of requests (e.g. us-west-1).|None|
|`druid.s3.proxy.host`|Proxy host to connect through.|None|
|`druid.s3.proxy.port`|Port on the proxy host to connect through.|None|
|`druid.s3.proxy.username`|User name to use when connecting through a proxy.|None|
|`druid.s3.proxy.password`|Password to use when connecting through a proxy.|None|
|`druid.storage.bucket`|Bucket to store in.|Must be set.|
|`druid.storage.baseKey`|Base key prefix to use, i.e. what directory.|Must be set.|
|`druid.storage.archiveBucket`|S3 bucket name for archiving when running the *archive task*.|none|
|`druid.storage.archiveBaseKey`|S3 object key prefix for archiving.|none|
|`druid.storage.disableAcl`|Boolean flag to disable ACL. If this is set to `false`, the full control would be granted to the bucket owner. This may require to set additional permissions. See [S3 permissions settings](#s3-permissions-settings).|false|
|`druid.storage.sse.type`|Server-side encryption type. Should be one of `s3`, `kms`, and `custom`. See the below [Server-side encryption section](#server-side-encryption) for more details.|None|
|`druid.storage.sse.kms.keyId`|AWS KMS key ID. This is used only when `druid.storage.sse.type` is `kms` and can be empty to use the default key ID.|None|
|`druid.storage.sse.custom.base64EncodedKey`|Base64-encoded key. Should be specified if `druid.storage.sse.type` is `custom`.|None|
|`druid.storage.type`|Global deep storage provider. Must be set to `s3` to make use of this extension.|Must be set (likely `s3`).| 
|`druid.storage.useS3aSchema`|If true, use the "s3a" filesystem when using Hadoop-based ingestion. If false, the "s3n" filesystem will be used. Only affects Hadoop-based ingestion.|false|

### S3 permissions settings

`s3:GetObject` and `s3:PutObject` are basically required for pushing/loading segments to/from S3.
If `druid.storage.disableAcl` is set to `false`, then `s3:GetBucketAcl` and `s3:PutObjectAcl` are additionally required to set ACL for objects.

### S3 authentication methods

To connect to your S3 bucket (whether deep storage bucket or source bucket), Druid use the following credentials providers chain

|order|type|details|
|--------|-----------|-------|
|1|Druid config file|Based on your runtime.properties if it contains values `druid.s3.accessKey` and `druid.s3.secretKey` |
|2|Custom properties file| Based on custom properties file where you can supply `sessionToken`, `accessKey` and `secretKey` values. This file is provided to Druid through `druid.s3.fileSessionCredentials` properties|
|3|Environment variables|Based on environment variables `AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID` and `AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY`|
|4|Java system properties|Based on JVM properties `aws.accessKeyId` and `aws.secretKey` |
|5|Profile information|Based on credentials you may have on your druid instance (generally in `~/.aws/credentials`)|
|6|ECS container credentials|Based on environment variables available on AWS ECS (AWS_CONTAINER_CREDENTIALS_RELATIVE_URI or AWS_CONTAINER_CREDENTIALS_FULL_URI) as described in the [EC2ContainerCredentialsProviderWrapper documentation](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSJavaSDK/latest/javadoc/com/amazonaws/auth/EC2ContainerCredentialsProviderWrapper.html)|
|7|Instance profile information|Based on the instance profile you may have attached to your druid instance|

You can find more information about authentication method [here](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/fr_fr/sdk-for-java/v1/developer-guide/credentials.html)<br/>
**Note :** *Order is important here as it indicates the precedence of authentication methods.<br/>
So if you are trying to use Instance profile information, you **must not** set `druid.s3.accessKey` and `druid.s3.secretKey` in your Druid runtime.properties*

## Server-side encryption

You can enable [server-side encryption](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonS3/latest/dev/serv-side-encryption.html) by setting
`druid.storage.sse.type` to a supported type of server-side encryption. The current supported types are:

- s3: [Server-side encryption with S3-managed encryption keys](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonS3/latest/dev/UsingServerSideEncryption.html)
- kms: [Server-side encryption with AWS KMS–Managed Keys](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonS3/latest/dev/UsingKMSEncryption.html)
- custom: [Server-side encryption with Customer-Provided Encryption Keys](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonS3/latest/dev/ServerSideEncryptionCustomerKeys.html)


<a name="input-source"></a>

## S3 batch ingestion input source

This extension also provides an input source for Druid native batch ingestion to support reading objects directly from S3. Objects can be specified either via a list of S3 URI strings or a list of S3 location prefixes, which will attempt to list the contents and ingest all objects contained in the locations. The S3 input source is splittable and can be used by [native parallel index tasks](../../ingestion/native-batch.md#parallel-task), where each worker task of `index_parallel` will read a single object.

Sample spec:

```json
...
    "ioConfig": {
      "type": "index_parallel",
      "inputSource": {
        "type": "s3",
        "uris": ["s3://foo/bar/file.json", "s3://bar/foo/file2.json"]
      },
      "inputFormat": {
        "type": "json"
      },
      ...
    },
...
```

```json
...
    "ioConfig": {
      "type": "index_parallel",
      "inputSource": {
        "type": "s3",
        "prefixes": ["s3://foo/bar", "s3://bar/foo"]
      },
      "inputFormat": {
        "type": "json"
      },
      ...
    },
...
```


```json
...
    "ioConfig": {
      "type": "index_parallel",
      "inputSource": {
        "type": "s3",
        "objects": [
          { "bucket": "foo", "path": "bar/file1.json"},
          { "bucket": "bar", "path": "foo/file2.json"}
        ]
      },
      "inputFormat": {
        "type": "json"
      },
      ...
    },
...
```

|property|description|default|required?|
|--------|-----------|-------|---------|
|type|This should be `s3`.|N/A|yes|
|uris|JSON array of URIs where S3 objects to be ingested are located.|N/A|`uris` or `prefixes` or `objects` must be set|
|prefixes|JSON array of URI prefixes for the locations of S3 objects to be ingested.|N/A|`uris` or `prefixes` or `objects` must be set|
|objects|JSON array of S3 Objects to be ingested.|N/A|`uris` or `prefixes` or `objects` must be set|


S3 Object:

|property|description|default|required?|
|--------|-----------|-------|---------|
|bucket|Name of the S3 bucket|N/A|yes|
|path|The path where data is located.|N/A|yes|

<a name="firehose"></a>

## StaticS3Firehose

This firehose ingests events from a predefined list of S3 objects.
This firehose is _splittable_ and can be used by [native parallel index tasks](../../ingestion/native-batch.md#parallel-task).
Since each split represents an object in this firehose, each worker task of `index_parallel` will read an object.

Sample spec:

```json
"firehose" : {
    "type" : "static-s3",
    "uris": ["s3://foo/bar/file.gz", "s3://bar/foo/file2.gz"]
}
```

This firehose provides caching and prefetching features. In IndexTask, a firehose can be read twice if intervals or
shardSpecs are not specified, and, in this case, caching can be useful. Prefetching is preferred when direct scan of objects is slow.

|property|description|default|required?|
|--------|-----------|-------|---------|
|type|This should be `static-s3`.|N/A|yes|
|uris|JSON array of URIs where s3 files to be ingested are located.|N/A|`uris` or `prefixes` must be set|
|prefixes|JSON array of URI prefixes for the locations of s3 files to be ingested.|N/A|`uris` or `prefixes` must be set|
|maxCacheCapacityBytes|Maximum size of the cache space in bytes. 0 means disabling cache. Cached files are not removed until the ingestion task completes.|1073741824|no|
|maxFetchCapacityBytes|Maximum size of the fetch space in bytes. 0 means disabling prefetch. Prefetched files are removed immediately once they are read.|1073741824|no|
|prefetchTriggerBytes|Threshold to trigger prefetching s3 objects.|maxFetchCapacityBytes / 2|no|
|fetchTimeout|Timeout for fetching an s3 object.|60000|no|
|maxFetchRetry|Maximum retry for fetching an s3 object.|3|no|