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index Quickstart

This quickstart gets you started with Apache Druid and introduces you to some of its basic features. Following these steps, you will install Druid and load sample data using its native batch ingestion feature.

Before starting, you may want to read the general Druid overview and ingestion overview, as the tutorials refer to concepts discussed on those pages.

Requirements

You can follow these steps on a relatively small machine, such as a laptop with around 4 CPU and 16 GiB of RAM.

Druid comes with several startup configuration profiles for a range of machine sizes. The micro-quickstartconfiguration profile shown here is suitable for evaluating Druid. If you want to try out Druid's performance or scaling capabilities, you'll need a larger machine and configuration profile.

The configuration profiles included with Druid range from the even smaller Nano-Quickstart configuration (1 CPU, 4GiB RAM) to the X-Large configuration (64 CPU, 512GiB RAM). For more information, see Single server deployment. Alternatively, see Clustered deployment for information on deploying Druid services across clustered machines.

The software requirements for the installation machine are:

  • Linux, Mac OS X, or other Unix-like OS (Windows is not supported)
  • Java 8, Update 92 or later (8u92+) or Java 11

Druid relies on the environment variables JAVA_HOME or DRUID_JAVA_HOME to find Java on the machine. You can set DRUID_JAVA_HOME if there is more than one instance of Java. To verify Java requirements for your environment, run the bin/verify-java script.

Before installing a production Druid instance, be sure to consider the user account on the operating system under which Druid will run. This is important because any Druid console user will have, effectively, the same permissions as that user. So, for example, the file browser UI will show console users the files that the underlying user can access. In general, avoid running Druid as root user. Consider creating a dedicated user account for running Druid.

Step 1. Install Druid

After confirming the requirements, follow these steps:

  1. Download the {{DRUIDVERSION}} release.

  2. In your terminal, extract Druid and change directories to the distribution directory:

    tar -xzf apache-druid-{{DRUIDVERSION}}-bin.tar.gz
cd apache-druid-{{DRUIDVERSION}}

In the directory, you'll find LICENSE and NOTICE files and subdirectories for executable files, configuration files, sample data and more.

Step 2: Start up Druid services

Start up Druid services using the micro-quickstart single-machine configuration.

From the apache-druid-{{DRUIDVERSION}} package root, run the following command:

./bin/start-micro-quickstart

This brings up instances of ZooKeeper and the Druid services:

$ ./bin/start-micro-quickstart
[Fri May  3 11:40:50 2019] Running command[zk], logging to[/apache-druid-{{DRUIDVERSION}}/var/sv/zk.log]: bin/run-zk conf
[Fri May  3 11:40:50 2019] Running command[coordinator-overlord], logging to[/apache-druid-{{DRUIDVERSION}}/var/sv/coordinator-overlord.log]: bin/run-druid coordinator-overlord conf/druid/single-server/micro-quickstart
[Fri May  3 11:40:50 2019] Running command[broker], logging to[/apache-druid-{{DRUIDVERSION}}/var/sv/broker.log]: bin/run-druid broker conf/druid/single-server/micro-quickstart
[Fri May  3 11:40:50 2019] Running command[router], logging to[/apache-druid-{{DRUIDVERSION}}/var/sv/router.log]: bin/run-druid router conf/druid/single-server/micro-quickstart
[Fri May  3 11:40:50 2019] Running command[historical], logging to[/apache-druid-{{DRUIDVERSION}}/var/sv/historical.log]: bin/run-druid historical conf/druid/single-server/micro-quickstart
[Fri May  3 11:40:50 2019] Running command[middleManager], logging to[/apache-druid-{{DRUIDVERSION}}/var/sv/middleManager.log]: bin/run-druid middleManager conf/druid/single-server/micro-quickstart

All persistent state, such as the cluster metadata store and segments for the services, are kept in the var directory under the Druid root directory, apache-druid-{{DRUIDVERSION}}. Each service writes to a log file under var/sv, as noted in the startup script output above.

At any time, you can revert Druid to its original, post-installation state by deleting the entire var directory. You may want to do this, for example, between Druid tutorials or after experimentation, to start with a fresh instance.

To stop Druid at any time, use CTRL-C in the terminal. This exits the bin/start-micro-quickstart script and terminates all Druid processes.

Step 3. Open the Druid console

After the Druid services finish startup, open the Druid console at http://localhost:8888.

Druid console

It may take a few seconds for all Druid services to finish starting, including the Druid router, which serves the console. If you attempt to open the Druid console before startup is complete, you may see errors in the browser. Wait a few moments and try again.

Step 4. Load data

Ingestion specs define the schema of the data Druid reads and stores. You can write ingestion specs by hand or using the data loader, as we'll do here to perform batch file loading with Druid's native batch ingestion.

The Druid distribution bundles sample data we can use. The sample data located in quickstart/tutorial/wikiticker-2015-09-12-sampled.json.gz in the Druid root directory represents Wikipedia page edits for a given day.

  1. Click Load data from the Druid console header (Load data).

  2. Select the Local disk tile and then click Connect data.

    Data loader init

  3. Enter the following values:

    • Base directory: quickstart/tutorial/

    • File filter: wikiticker-2015-09-12-sampled.json.gz

    Data location

    Entering the base directory and wildcard file filter separately, as afforded by the UI, allows you to specify multiple files for ingestion at once.

  4. Click Apply.

    The data loader displays the raw data, giving you a chance to verify that the data appears as expected.

    Data loader sample

    Notice that your position in the sequence of steps to load data, Connect in our case, appears at the top of the console, as shown below. You can click other steps to move forward or backward in the sequence at any time.

    Load data

  5. Click Next: Parse data.

    The data loader tries to determine the parser appropriate for the data format automatically. In this case it identifies the data format as json, as shown in the Input format field at the bottom right.

    Data loader parse data

    Feel free to select other Input format options to get a sense of their configuration settings and how Druid parses other types of data.

  6. With the JSON parser selected, click Next: Parse time. The Parse time settings are where you view and adjust the primary timestamp column for the data.

    Data loader parse time

    Druid requires data to have a primary timestamp column (internally stored in a column called __time). If you do not have a timestamp in your data, select Constant value. In our example, the data loader determines that the time column is the only candidate that can be used as the primary time column.

  7. Click Next: Transform, Next: Filter, and then Next: Configure schema, skipping a few steps.

    You do not need to adjust transformation or filtering settings, as applying ingestion time transforms and filters are out of scope for this tutorial.

  8. The Configure schema settings are where you configure what dimensions and metrics are ingested. The outcome of this configuration represents exactly how the data will appear in Druid after ingestion.

    Since our dataset is very small, you can turn off rollup by unsetting the Rollup switch and confirming the change when prompted.

    Data loader schema

  9. Click Next: Partition to configure how the data will be split into segments. In this case, choose DAY as the Segment granularity.

    Data loader partition

    Since this is a small dataset, we can have just a single segment, which is what selecting DAY as the segment granularity gives us.

  10. Click Next: Tune and Next: Publish.

  11. The Publish settings are where you specify the datasource name in Druid. Let's change the default name from wikiticker-2015-09-12-sampled to wikipedia.

    Data loader publish

  12. Click Next: Edit spec to review the ingestion spec we've constructed with the data loader.

    Data loader spec

    Feel free to go back and change settings from previous steps to see how doing so updates the spec. Similarly, you can edit the spec directly and see it reflected in the previous steps.

    For other ways to load ingestion specs in Druid, see Tutorial: Loading a file.

  13. Once you are satisfied with the spec, click Submit.

    The new task for our wikipedia datasource now appears in the Ingestion view.

    Tasks view

    The task may take a minute or two to complete. When done, the task status should be "SUCCESS", with the duration of the task indicated. Note that the view is set to automatically refresh, so you do not need to refresh the browser to see the status change.

    A successful task means that one or more segments have been built and are now picked up by our data servers.

Step 5. Query the data

You can now see the data as a datasource in the console and try out a query, as follows:

  1. Click Datasources from the console header.

    If the wikipedia datasource doesn't appear, wait a few moments for the segment to finish loading. A datasource is queryable once it is shown to be "Fully available" in the Availability column.

  2. When the datasource is available, open the Actions menu (Actions) for that datasource and choose Query with SQL.

    Datasource view

    Notice the other actions you can perform for a datasource, including configuring retention rules, compaction, and more.

  3. Run the prepopulated query, SELECT * FROM "wikipedia" to see the results.

    Query view

Congratulations! You've gone from downloading Druid to querying data in just one quickstart. See the following section for what to do next.

Next steps

After finishing the quickstart, check out the query tutorial to further explore Query features in the Druid console.

Alternatively, learn about other ways to ingest data in one of these tutorials:

Remember that after stopping Druid services, you can start clean next time by deleting the var directory from the Druid root directory and running the bin/start-micro-quickstart script again. You will likely want to do this before taking other data ingestion tutorials, since in them you will create the same wikipedia datasource.