HDFS-2656. Add libwebhdfs, a pure C client based on WebHDFS. Contributed by Jaimin D Jetly and Jing Zhao

git-svn-id: https://svn.apache.org/repos/asf/hadoop/common/trunk@1382836 13f79535-47bb-0310-9956-ffa450edef68

hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/CHANGES.txt

@@ -221,6 +221,9 @@ Release 2.0.3-alpha - Unreleased
 
   NEW FEATURES
 
+    HDFS-2656. Add libwebhdfs, a pure C client based on WebHDFS.
+    (Jaimin D Jetly and Jing Zhao via szetszwo)
+
   IMPROVEMENTS
 
   OPTIMIZATIONS

hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/pom.xml

@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@ http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
     <kdc.resource.dir>../../hadoop-common-project/hadoop-common/src/test/resources/kdc</kdc.resource.dir>
     <is.hadoop.component>true</is.hadoop.component>
     <require.fuse>false</require.fuse>
+    <require.libwebhdfs>false</require.libwebhdfs>
   </properties>
 
   <dependencies>
@@ -472,7 +473,7 @@ http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
                     <mkdir dir="${project.build.directory}/native"/>
                     <exec executable="cmake" dir="${project.build.directory}/native" 
                         failonerror="true">
-                      <arg line="${basedir}/src/ -DGENERATED_JAVAH=${project.build.directory}/native/javah -DJVM_ARCH_DATA_MODEL=${sun.arch.data.model} -DREQUIRE_FUSE=${require.fuse}"/>
+                      <arg line="${basedir}/src/ -DGENERATED_JAVAH=${project.build.directory}/native/javah -DJVM_ARCH_DATA_MODEL=${sun.arch.data.model} -DREQUIRE_LIBWEBHDFS=${require.libwebhdfs} -DREQUIRE_FUSE=${require.fuse}"/>
                     </exec>
                     <exec executable="make" dir="${project.build.directory}/native" failonerror="true">
                       <arg line="VERBOSE=1"/>

hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -147,4 +147,7 @@ target_link_libraries(test_libhdfs_threaded
     pthread
 )
 
+IF(REQUIRE_LIBWEBHDFS)
+    add_subdirectory(contrib/libwebhdfs)
+ENDIF(REQUIRE_LIBWEBHDFS)
 add_subdirectory(main/native/fuse-dfs)

hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/contrib/libwebhdfs/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
+#
+# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+# or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+# distributed with this work for additional information
+# regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+# to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+# "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+# with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+#
+
+find_package(CURL)
+if (CURL_FOUND)
+    include_directories(${CURL_INCLUDE_DIRS})
+else (CURL_FOUND)
+    MESSAGE(STATUS "Failed to find CURL library.")
+endif (CURL_FOUND)
+
+set(CMAKE_MODULE_PATH ${CMAKE_MODULE_PATH}
+"${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/contrib/libwebhdfs/resources/")
+MESSAGE("CMAKE_MODULE_PATH IS: " ${CMAKE_MODULE_PATH})
+
+find_package(Jansson)
+include_directories(${JANSSON_INCLUDE_DIR})
+
+add_dual_library(webhdfs
+    src/exception.c
+    src/hdfs_web.c
+    src/hdfs_jni.c
+    src/jni_helper.c
+    src/hdfs_http_client.c
+    src/hdfs_http_query.c
+    src/hdfs_json_parser.c
+)
+target_link_dual_libraries(webhdfs
+    ${JAVA_JVM_LIBRARY}
+    ${CURL_LIBRARY}
+    ${JANSSON_LIBRARY}
+    pthread
+)
+dual_output_directory(webhdfs target)
+set(LIBWEBHDFS_VERSION "0.0.0")
+set_target_properties(webhdfs PROPERTIES
+    SOVERSION ${LIBWEBHDFS_VERSION})
+
+add_executable(test_libwebhdfs_ops
+    src/test_libwebhdfs_ops.c
+)
+target_link_libraries(test_libwebhdfs_ops
+    webhdfs
+    ${CURL_LIBRARY}
+    ${JAVA_JVM_LIBRARY}
+    ${JANSSON_LIBRARY}
+    pthread
+)
+
+add_executable(test_libwebhdfs_read
+    src/test_libwebhdfs_read.c
+)
+target_link_libraries(test_libwebhdfs_read
+    webhdfs
+    ${CURL_LIBRARY}
+    ${JAVA_JVM_LIBRARY}
+    ${JANSSON_LIBRARY}
+    pthread
+)
+
+add_executable(test_libwebhdfs_write
+    src/test_libwebhdfs_write.c
+)
+target_link_libraries(test_libwebhdfs_write
+    webhdfs
+    ${CURL_LIBRARY}
+    ${JAVA_JVM_LIBRARY}
+    ${JANSSON_LIBRARY}
+    pthread
+)
+
+add_executable(test_libwebhdfs_threaded
+    src/test_libwebhdfs_threaded.c
+)
+target_link_libraries(test_libwebhdfs_threaded
+    webhdfs
+    ${CURL_LIBRARY}
+    ${JAVA_JVM_LIBRARY}
+    ${JANSSON_LIBRARY}
+    pthread
+)

hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/contrib/libwebhdfs/resources/FindJansson.cmake

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+# or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+# distributed with this work for additional information
+# regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+# to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+# "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+# with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+# 
+#   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+# 
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+# software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+# "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+# KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+# specific language governing permissions and limitations
+# under the License.
+
+
+# - Try to find Jansson
+# Once done this will define
+#  JANSSON_FOUND - System has Jansson
+#  JANSSON_INCLUDE_DIRS - The Jansson include directories
+#  JANSSON_LIBRARIES - The libraries needed to use Jansson
+#  JANSSON_DEFINITIONS - Compiler switches required for using Jansson
+
+find_path(JANSSON_INCLUDE_DIR jansson.h
+          /usr/incluce
+          /usr/local/include )
+
+find_library(JANSSON_LIBRARY NAMES jansson
+             PATHS /usr/lib /usr/local/lib )
+
+set(JANSSON_LIBRARIES ${JANSSON_LIBRARY} )
+set(JANSSON_INCLUDE_DIRS ${JANSSON_INCLUDE_DIR} )
+
+include(FindPackageHandleStandardArgs)
+# handle the QUIETLY and REQUIRED arguments and set JANSSON_FOUND to TRUE
+# if all listed variables are TRUE
+find_package_handle_standard_args(Jansson  DEFAULT_MSG
+                                  JANSSON_LIBRARY JANSSON_INCLUDE_DIR)
+
+mark_as_advanced(JANSSON_INCLUDE_DIR JANSSON_LIBRARY )

hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/contrib/libwebhdfs/src/exception.c

@@ -0,0 +1,237 @@
+/**
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include "exception.h"
+#include "webhdfs.h"
+#include "jni_helper.h"
+
+#include <inttypes.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+
+#define EXCEPTION_INFO_LEN (sizeof(gExceptionInfo)/sizeof(gExceptionInfo[0]))
+
+struct ExceptionInfo {
+    const char * const name;
+    int noPrintFlag;
+    int excErrno;
+};
+
+static const struct ExceptionInfo gExceptionInfo[] = {
+    {
+        .name = "java/io/FileNotFoundException",
+        .noPrintFlag = NOPRINT_EXC_FILE_NOT_FOUND,
+        .excErrno = ENOENT,
+    },
+    {
+        .name = "org/apache/hadoop/security/AccessControlException",
+        .noPrintFlag = NOPRINT_EXC_ACCESS_CONTROL,
+        .excErrno = EACCES,
+    },
+    {
+        .name = "org/apache/hadoop/fs/UnresolvedLinkException",
+        .noPrintFlag = NOPRINT_EXC_UNRESOLVED_LINK,
+        .excErrno = ENOLINK,
+    },
+    {
+        .name = "org/apache/hadoop/fs/ParentNotDirectoryException",
+        .noPrintFlag = NOPRINT_EXC_PARENT_NOT_DIRECTORY,
+        .excErrno = ENOTDIR,
+    },
+    {
+        .name = "java/lang/IllegalArgumentException",
+        .noPrintFlag = NOPRINT_EXC_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT,
+        .excErrno = EINVAL,
+    },
+    {
+        .name = "java/lang/OutOfMemoryError",
+        .noPrintFlag = 0,
+        .excErrno = ENOMEM,
+    },
+    
+};
+
+int printExceptionWebV(hdfs_exception_msg *exc, int noPrintFlags, const char *fmt, va_list ap)
+{
+    int i, noPrint, excErrno;
+    if (!exc) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "printExceptionWebV: the hdfs_exception_msg is NULL\n");
+        return EINTERNAL;
+    }
+    
+    for (i = 0; i < EXCEPTION_INFO_LEN; i++) {
+        if (strstr(gExceptionInfo[i].name, exc->exception)) {
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+    if (i < EXCEPTION_INFO_LEN) {
+        noPrint = (gExceptionInfo[i].noPrintFlag & noPrintFlags);
+        excErrno = gExceptionInfo[i].excErrno;
+    } else {
+        noPrint = 0;
+        excErrno = EINTERNAL;
+    }
+    
+    if (!noPrint) {
+        vfprintf(stderr, fmt, ap);
+        fprintf(stderr, " error:\n");
+        fprintf(stderr, "Exception: %s\nJavaClassName: %s\nMessage: %s\n", exc->exception, exc->javaClassName, exc->message);
+    }
+    
+    free(exc);
+    return excErrno;
+}
+
+int printExceptionWeb(hdfs_exception_msg *exc, int noPrintFlags, const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+    va_list ap;
+    int ret;
+    
+    va_start(ap, fmt);
+    ret = printExceptionWebV(exc, noPrintFlags, fmt, ap);
+    va_end(ap);
+    return ret;
+}
+
+int printExceptionAndFreeV(JNIEnv *env, jthrowable exc, int noPrintFlags,
+        const char *fmt, va_list ap)
+{
+    int i, noPrint, excErrno;
+    char *className = NULL;
+    jstring jStr = NULL;
+    jvalue jVal;
+    jthrowable jthr;
+
+    jthr = classNameOfObject(exc, env, &className);
+    if (jthr) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "PrintExceptionAndFree: error determining class name "
+            "of exception.\n");
+        className = strdup("(unknown)");
+        destroyLocalReference(env, jthr);
+    }
+    for (i = 0; i < EXCEPTION_INFO_LEN; i++) {
+        if (!strcmp(gExceptionInfo[i].name, className)) {
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+    if (i < EXCEPTION_INFO_LEN) {
+        noPrint = (gExceptionInfo[i].noPrintFlag & noPrintFlags);
+        excErrno = gExceptionInfo[i].excErrno;
+    } else {
+        noPrint = 0;
+        excErrno = EINTERNAL;
+    }
+    if (!noPrint) {
+        vfprintf(stderr, fmt, ap);
+        fprintf(stderr, " error:\n");
+
+        // We don't want to  use ExceptionDescribe here, because that requires a
+        // pending exception.  Instead, use ExceptionUtils.
+        jthr = invokeMethod(env, &jVal, STATIC, NULL, 
+            "org/apache/commons/lang/exception/ExceptionUtils",
+            "getStackTrace", "(Ljava/lang/Throwable;)Ljava/lang/String;", exc);
+        if (jthr) {
+            fprintf(stderr, "(unable to get stack trace for %s exception: "
+                    "ExceptionUtils::getStackTrace error.)\n", className);
+            destroyLocalReference(env, jthr);
+        } else {
+            jStr = jVal.l;
+            const char *stackTrace = (*env)->GetStringUTFChars(env, jStr, NULL);
+            if (!stackTrace) {
+                fprintf(stderr, "(unable to get stack trace for %s exception: "
+                        "GetStringUTFChars error.)\n", className);
+            } else {
+                fprintf(stderr, "%s", stackTrace);
+                (*env)->ReleaseStringUTFChars(env, jStr, stackTrace);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    destroyLocalReference(env, jStr);
+    destroyLocalReference(env, exc);
+    free(className);
+    return excErrno;
+}
+
+int printExceptionAndFree(JNIEnv *env, jthrowable exc, int noPrintFlags,
+        const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+    va_list ap;
+    int ret;
+
+    va_start(ap, fmt);
+    ret = printExceptionAndFreeV(env, exc, noPrintFlags, fmt, ap);
+    va_end(ap);
+    return ret;
+}
+
+int printPendingExceptionAndFree(JNIEnv *env, int noPrintFlags,
+        const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+    va_list ap;
+    int ret;
+    jthrowable exc;
+
+    exc = (*env)->ExceptionOccurred(env);
+    if (!exc) {
+        va_start(ap, fmt);
+        vfprintf(stderr, fmt, ap);
+        va_end(ap);
+        fprintf(stderr, " error: (no exception)");
+        ret = 0;
+    } else {
+        (*env)->ExceptionClear(env);
+        va_start(ap, fmt);
+        ret = printExceptionAndFreeV(env, exc, noPrintFlags, fmt, ap);
+        va_end(ap);
+    }
+    return ret;
+}
+
+jthrowable getPendingExceptionAndClear(JNIEnv *env)
+{
+    jthrowable jthr = (*env)->ExceptionOccurred(env);
+    if (!jthr)
+        return NULL;
+    (*env)->ExceptionClear(env);
+    return jthr;
+}
+
+jthrowable newRuntimeError(JNIEnv *env, const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+    char buf[512];
+    jobject out, exc;
+    jstring jstr;
+    va_list ap;
+
+    va_start(ap, fmt);
+    vsnprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), fmt, ap);
+    va_end(ap);
+    jstr = (*env)->NewStringUTF(env, buf);
+    if (!jstr) {
+        // We got an out of memory exception rather than a RuntimeException.
+        // Too bad...
+        return getPendingExceptionAndClear(env);
+    }
+    exc = constructNewObjectOfClass(env, &out, "RuntimeException",
+        "(java/lang/String;)V", jstr);
+    (*env)->DeleteLocalRef(env, jstr);
+    // Again, we'll either get an out of memory exception or the
+    // RuntimeException we wanted.
+    return (exc) ? exc : out;
+}

hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/contrib/libwebhdfs/src/exception.h

@@ -0,0 +1,178 @@
+/**
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#ifndef LIBHDFS_EXCEPTION_H
+#define LIBHDFS_EXCEPTION_H
+
+/**
+ * Exception handling routines for libhdfs.
+ *
+ * The convention we follow here is to clear pending exceptions as soon as they
+ * are raised.  Never assume that the caller of your function will clean up
+ * after you-- do it yourself.  Unhandled exceptions can lead to memory leaks
+ * and other undefined behavior.
+ *
+ * If you encounter an exception, return a local reference to it.  The caller is
+ * responsible for freeing the local reference, by calling a function like
+ * PrintExceptionAndFree.  (You can also free exceptions directly by calling
+ * DeleteLocalRef.  However, that would not produce an error message, so it's
+ * usually not what you want.)
+ */
+
+#include <jni.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <stdarg.h>
+#include <search.h>
+#include <pthread.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+
+/**
+ * Exception noprint flags
+ *
+ * Theses flags determine which exceptions should NOT be printed to stderr by
+ * the exception printing routines.  For example, if you expect to see
+ * FileNotFound, you might use NOPRINT_EXC_FILE_NOT_FOUND, to avoid filling the
+ * logs with messages about routine events.
+ *
+ * On the other hand, if you don't expect any failures, you might pass
+ * PRINT_EXC_ALL.
+ *
+ * You can OR these flags together to avoid printing multiple classes of
+ * exceptions.
+ */
+#define PRINT_EXC_ALL                           0x00
+#define NOPRINT_EXC_FILE_NOT_FOUND              0x01
+#define NOPRINT_EXC_ACCESS_CONTROL              0x02
+#define NOPRINT_EXC_UNRESOLVED_LINK             0x04
+#define NOPRINT_EXC_PARENT_NOT_DIRECTORY        0x08
+#define NOPRINT_EXC_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT            0x10
+
+/**
+ * Exception information after calling webhdfs operations
+ */
+typedef struct {
+    const char *exception;
+    const char *javaClassName;
+    const char *message;
+} hdfs_exception_msg;
+
+/**
+ * Print out exception information got after calling webhdfs operations
+ *
+ * @param exc             The exception information to print and free
+ * @param noPrintFlags    Flags which determine which exceptions we should NOT
+ *                        print.
+ * @param fmt             Printf-style format list
+ * @param ap              Printf-style varargs
+ *
+ * @return                The POSIX error number associated with the exception
+ *                        object.
+ */
+int printExceptionWebV(hdfs_exception_msg *exc, int noPrintFlags, const char *fmt, va_list ap);
+
+/**
+ * Print out exception information got after calling webhdfs operations
+ *
+ * @param exc             The exception information to print and free
+ * @param noPrintFlags    Flags which determine which exceptions we should NOT
+ *                        print.
+ * @param fmt             Printf-style format list
+ * @param ...             Printf-style varargs
+ *
+ * @return                The POSIX error number associated with the exception
+ *                        object.
+ */
+int printExceptionWeb(hdfs_exception_msg *exc, int noPrintFlags,
+                      const char *fmt, ...) __attribute__((format(printf, 3, 4)));
+
+/**
+ * Print out information about an exception and free it.
+ *
+ * @param env             The JNI environment
+ * @param exc             The exception to print and free
+ * @param noPrintFlags    Flags which determine which exceptions we should NOT
+ *                        print.
+ * @param fmt             Printf-style format list
+ * @param ap              Printf-style varargs
+ *
+ * @return                The POSIX error number associated with the exception
+ *                        object.
+ */
+int printExceptionAndFreeV(JNIEnv *env, jthrowable exc, int noPrintFlags,
+        const char *fmt, va_list ap);
+
+/**
+ * Print out information about an exception and free it.
+ *
+ * @param env             The JNI environment
+ * @param exc             The exception to print and free
+ * @param noPrintFlags    Flags which determine which exceptions we should NOT
+ *                        print.
+ * @param fmt             Printf-style format list
+ * @param ...             Printf-style varargs
+ *
+ * @return                The POSIX error number associated with the exception
+ *                        object.
+ */
+int printExceptionAndFree(JNIEnv *env, jthrowable exc, int noPrintFlags,
+        const char *fmt, ...) __attribute__((format(printf, 4, 5)));  
+
+/**
+ * Print out information about the pending exception and free it.
+ *
+ * @param env             The JNI environment
+ * @param noPrintFlags    Flags which determine which exceptions we should NOT
+ *                        print.
+ * @param fmt             Printf-style format list
+ * @param ...             Printf-style varargs
+ *
+ * @return                The POSIX error number associated with the exception
+ *                        object.
+ */
+int printPendingExceptionAndFree(JNIEnv *env, int noPrintFlags,
+        const char *fmt, ...) __attribute__((format(printf, 3, 4)));  
+
+/**
+ * Get a local reference to the pending exception and clear it.
+ *
+ * Once it is cleared, the exception will no longer be pending.  The caller will
+ * have to decide what to do with the exception object.
+ *
+ * @param env             The JNI environment
+ *
+ * @return                The exception, or NULL if there was no exception
+ */
+jthrowable getPendingExceptionAndClear(JNIEnv *env);
+
+/**
+ * Create a new runtime error.
+ *
+ * This creates (but does not throw) a new RuntimeError.
+ *
+ * @param env             The JNI environment
+ * @param fmt             Printf-style format list
+ * @param ...             Printf-style varargs
+ *
+ * @return                A local reference to a RuntimeError
+ */
+jthrowable newRuntimeError(JNIEnv *env, const char *fmt, ...)
+        __attribute__((format(printf, 2, 3)));
+
+#endif

hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/contrib/libwebhdfs/src/expect.h

@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+/**
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#ifndef LIBHDFS_NATIVE_TESTS_EXPECT_H
+#define LIBHDFS_NATIVE_TESTS_EXPECT_H
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+#define EXPECT_ZERO(x) \
+    do { \
+        int __my_ret__ = x; \
+        if (__my_ret__) { \
+            int __my_errno__ = errno; \
+            fprintf(stderr, "TEST_ERROR: failed on line %d with return " \
+		    "code %d (errno: %d): got nonzero from %s\n", \
+		    __LINE__, __my_ret__, __my_errno__, #x); \
+            return __my_ret__; \
+        } \
+    } while (0);
+
+#define EXPECT_NULL(x) \
+    do { \
+        void* __my_ret__ = x; \
+        int __my_errno__ = errno; \
+        if (__my_ret__ != NULL) { \
+            fprintf(stderr, "TEST_ERROR: failed on line %d (errno: %d): " \
+		    "got non-NULL value %p from %s\n", \
+		    __LINE__, __my_errno__, __my_ret__, #x); \
+            return -1; \
+        } \
+    } while (0);
+
+#define EXPECT_NONNULL(x) \
+    do { \
+        void* __my_ret__ = x; \
+        int __my_errno__ = errno; \
+        if (__my_ret__ == NULL) { \
+            fprintf(stderr, "TEST_ERROR: failed on line %d (errno: %d): " \
+		    "got NULL from %s\n", __LINE__, __my_errno__, #x); \
+            return -1; \
+        } \
+    } while (0);
+
+#define EXPECT_NEGATIVE_ONE_WITH_ERRNO(x, e) \
+    do { \
+        int __my_ret__ = x; \
+        int __my_errno__ = errno; \
+        if (__my_ret__ != -1) { \
+            fprintf(stderr, "TEST_ERROR: failed on line %d with return " \
+                "code %d (errno: %d): expected -1 from %s\n", __LINE__, \
+                __my_ret__, __my_errno__, #x); \
+            return -1; \
+        } \
+        if (__my_errno__ != e) { \
+            fprintf(stderr, "TEST_ERROR: failed on line %d with return " \
+                "code %d (errno: %d): expected errno = %d from %s\n", \
+                __LINE__, __my_ret__, __my_errno__, e, #x); \
+            return -1; \
+	} \
+    } while (0);
+
+#define EXPECT_NONZERO(x) \
+    do { \
+        int __my_ret__ = x; \
+        int __my_errno__ = errno; \
+        if (__my_ret__) { \
+            fprintf(stderr, "TEST_ERROR: failed on line %d with return " \
+		    "code %d (errno: %d): got zero from %s\n", __LINE__, \
+                __my_ret__, __my_errno__, #x); \
+            return -1; \
+        } \
+    } while (0);
+
+#define EXPECT_NONNEGATIVE(x) \
+    do { \
+        int __my_ret__ = x; \
+        int __my_errno__ = errno; \
+        if (__my_ret__ < 0) { \
+            fprintf(stderr, "TEST_ERROR: failed on line %d with return " \
+                "code %d (errno: %d): got negative return from %s\n", \
+		    __LINE__, __my_ret__, __my_errno__, #x); \
+            return __my_ret__; \
+        } \
+    } while (0);
+
+#endif

hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/contrib/libwebhdfs/src/hdfs_http_client.c

@@ -0,0 +1,352 @@
+/**
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <curl/curl.h>
+#include <pthread.h>
+#include "hdfs_http_client.h"
+
+static pthread_mutex_t curlInitMutex = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;
+static volatile int curlGlobalInited = 0;
+
+ResponseBuffer initResponseBuffer() {
+    ResponseBuffer info = (ResponseBuffer) calloc(1, sizeof(ResponseBufferInternal));
+    if (!info) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "Cannot allocate memory for responseInfo\n");
+        return NULL;
+    }
+    info->remaining = 0;
+    info->offset = 0;
+    info->content = NULL;
+    return info;
+}
+
+void freeResponseBuffer(ResponseBuffer buffer) {
+    if (buffer) {
+        if (buffer->content) {
+            free(buffer->content);
+        }
+        free(buffer);
+        buffer = NULL;
+    }
+}
+
+void freeResponse(Response resp)  {
+    if(resp) {
+        freeResponseBuffer(resp->body);
+        freeResponseBuffer(resp->header);
+        free(resp);
+        resp = NULL;
+    }
+}
+
+/* Callback for allocating local buffer and reading data to local buffer */
+static size_t writefunc(void *ptr, size_t size, size_t nmemb, ResponseBuffer rbuffer) {
+    if (size * nmemb < 1) {
+        return 0;
+    }
+    if (!rbuffer) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "In writefunc, ResponseBuffer is NULL.\n");
+        return -1;
+    }
+    
+    if (rbuffer->remaining < size * nmemb) {
+        rbuffer->content = realloc(rbuffer->content, rbuffer->offset + size * nmemb + 1);
+        if (rbuffer->content == NULL) {
+            return -1;
+        }
+        rbuffer->remaining = size * nmemb;
+    }
+    memcpy(rbuffer->content + rbuffer->offset, ptr, size * nmemb);
+    rbuffer->offset += size * nmemb;
+    (rbuffer->content)[rbuffer->offset] = '\0';
+    rbuffer->remaining -= size * nmemb;
+    return size * nmemb;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Callback for reading data to buffer provided by user, 
+ * thus no need to reallocate buffer.
+ */
+static size_t writefunc_withbuffer(void *ptr, size_t size, size_t nmemb, ResponseBuffer rbuffer) {
+    if (size * nmemb < 1) {
+        return 0;
+    }
+    if (!rbuffer || !rbuffer->content) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "In writefunc_withbuffer, the buffer provided by user is NULL.\n");
+        return 0;
+    }
+    
+    size_t toCopy = rbuffer->remaining < (size * nmemb) ? rbuffer->remaining : (size * nmemb);
+    memcpy(rbuffer->content + rbuffer->offset, ptr, toCopy);
+    rbuffer->offset += toCopy;
+    rbuffer->remaining -= toCopy;
+    return toCopy;
+}
+
+//callback for writing data to remote peer
+static size_t readfunc(void *ptr, size_t size, size_t nmemb, void *stream) {
+    if (size * nmemb < 1) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "In readfunc callback: size * nmemb == %ld\n", size * nmemb);
+        return 0;
+    }
+    webhdfsBuffer *wbuffer = (webhdfsBuffer *) stream;
+    
+    pthread_mutex_lock(&wbuffer->writeMutex);
+    while (wbuffer->remaining == 0) {
+        /*
+         * the current remainning bytes to write is 0,
+         * check whether need to finish the transfer
+         * if yes, return 0; else, wait
+         */
+        if (wbuffer->closeFlag) {
+            //we can close the transfer now
+            fprintf(stderr, "CloseFlag is set, ready to close the transfer\n");
+            pthread_mutex_unlock(&wbuffer->writeMutex);
+            return 0;
+        } else {
+            // len == 0 indicates that user's buffer has been transferred
+            pthread_cond_signal(&wbuffer->transfer_finish);
+            pthread_cond_wait(&wbuffer->newwrite_or_close, &wbuffer->writeMutex);
+        }
+    }
+    
+    if(wbuffer->remaining > 0 && !wbuffer->closeFlag) {
+        size_t copySize = wbuffer->remaining < size * nmemb ? wbuffer->remaining : size * nmemb;
+        memcpy(ptr, wbuffer->wbuffer + wbuffer->offset, copySize);
+        wbuffer->offset += copySize;
+        wbuffer->remaining -= copySize;
+        pthread_mutex_unlock(&wbuffer->writeMutex);
+        return copySize;
+    } else {
+        fprintf(stderr, "Webhdfs buffer is %ld, it should be a positive value!\n", wbuffer->remaining);
+        pthread_mutex_unlock(&wbuffer->writeMutex);
+        return 0;
+    }
+}
+
+static void initCurlGlobal() {
+    if (!curlGlobalInited) {
+        pthread_mutex_lock(&curlInitMutex);
+        if (!curlGlobalInited) {
+            curl_global_init(CURL_GLOBAL_ALL);
+            curlGlobalInited = 1;
+        }
+        pthread_mutex_unlock(&curlInitMutex);
+    }
+}
+
+static Response launchCmd(char *url, enum HttpHeader method, enum Redirect followloc) {
+    CURL *curl;
+    CURLcode res;
+    Response resp;
+    
+    resp = (Response) calloc(1, sizeof(*resp));
+    if (!resp) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+    resp->body = initResponseBuffer();
+    resp->header = initResponseBuffer();
+    initCurlGlobal();
+    curl = curl_easy_init();                     /* get a curl handle */
+    if(curl) {
+        curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION, writefunc);
+        curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_WRITEDATA, resp->body);
+        curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_HEADERFUNCTION, writefunc);
+        curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_WRITEHEADER, resp->header);
+        curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_URL, url);       /* specify target URL */
+        switch(method) {
+            case GET:
+                break;
+            case PUT:
+                curl_easy_setopt(curl,CURLOPT_CUSTOMREQUEST,"PUT");
+                break;
+            case POST:
+                curl_easy_setopt(curl,CURLOPT_CUSTOMREQUEST,"POST");
+                break;
+            case DELETE:
+                curl_easy_setopt(curl,CURLOPT_CUSTOMREQUEST,"DELETE");
+                break;
+            default:
+                fprintf(stderr, "\nHTTP method not defined\n");
+                exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+        }
+        if(followloc == YES) {
+            curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_FOLLOWLOCATION, 1);
+        }
+        
+        res = curl_easy_perform(curl);                 /* Now run the curl handler */
+        if(res != CURLE_OK) {
+            fprintf(stderr, "preform the URL %s failed\n", url);
+            return NULL;
+        }
+        curl_easy_cleanup(curl);
+    }
+    return resp;
+}
+
+static Response launchRead_internal(char *url, enum HttpHeader method, enum Redirect followloc, Response resp) {
+    if (!resp || !resp->body || !resp->body->content) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "The user provided buffer should not be NULL!\n");
+        return NULL;
+    }
+    
+    CURL *curl;
+    CURLcode res;
+    initCurlGlobal();
+    curl = curl_easy_init();                     /* get a curl handle */
+    if(curl) {
+        curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION, writefunc_withbuffer);
+        curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_WRITEDATA, resp->body);
+        curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_HEADERFUNCTION, writefunc);
+        curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_WRITEHEADER, resp->header);
+        curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_URL, url);       /* specify target URL */
+        if(followloc == YES) {
+            curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_FOLLOWLOCATION, 1);
+        }
+        
+        res = curl_easy_perform(curl);                 /* Now run the curl handler */
+        if(res != CURLE_OK && res != CURLE_PARTIAL_FILE) {
+            fprintf(stderr, "preform the URL %s failed\n", url);
+            return NULL;
+        }
+        curl_easy_cleanup(curl);
+    }
+    return resp;
+
+}
+
+static Response launchWrite(const char *url, enum HttpHeader method, webhdfsBuffer *uploadBuffer) {
+    if (!uploadBuffer) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "upload buffer is NULL!\n");
+        errno = EINVAL;
+        return NULL;
+    }
+    initCurlGlobal();
+    CURLcode res;
+    Response response = (Response) calloc(1, sizeof(*response));
+    if (!response) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "failed to allocate memory for response\n");
+        return NULL;
+    }
+    response->body = initResponseBuffer();
+    response->header = initResponseBuffer();
+    
+    //connect to the datanode in order to create the lease in the namenode
+    CURL *curl = curl_easy_init();
+    if (!curl) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "Failed to initialize the curl handle.\n");
+        return NULL;
+    }
+    curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_URL, url);
+    
+    if(curl) {
+        curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION, writefunc);
+        curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_WRITEDATA, response->body);
+        curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_HEADERFUNCTION, writefunc);
+        curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_WRITEHEADER, response->header);
+        curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_READFUNCTION, readfunc);
+        curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_READDATA, uploadBuffer);
+        curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_UPLOAD, 1L);
+        curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_VERBOSE, 1);
+        
+        struct curl_slist *chunk = NULL;
+        chunk = curl_slist_append(chunk, "Transfer-Encoding: chunked");
+        res = curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, chunk);
+        chunk = curl_slist_append(chunk, "Expect:");
+        res = curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, chunk);
+        
+        switch(method) {
+            case GET:
+                break;
+            case PUT:
+                curl_easy_setopt(curl,CURLOPT_CUSTOMREQUEST,"PUT");
+                break;
+            case POST:
+                curl_easy_setopt(curl,CURLOPT_CUSTOMREQUEST,"POST");
+                break;
+            case DELETE:
+                curl_easy_setopt(curl,CURLOPT_CUSTOMREQUEST,"DELETE");
+                break;
+            default:
+                fprintf(stderr, "\nHTTP method not defined\n");
+                exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+        }
+        res = curl_easy_perform(curl);
+        curl_slist_free_all(chunk);
+        curl_easy_cleanup(curl);
+    }
+    
+    return response;
+}
+
+Response launchMKDIR(char *url) {
+    return launchCmd(url, PUT, NO);
+}
+
+Response launchRENAME(char *url) {
+    return launchCmd(url, PUT, NO);
+}
+
+Response launchGFS(char *url) {
+    return launchCmd(url, GET, NO);
+}
+
+Response launchLS(char *url) {
+    return launchCmd(url, GET, NO);
+}
+
+Response launchCHMOD(char *url) {
+    return launchCmd(url, PUT, NO);
+}
+
+Response launchCHOWN(char *url) {
+    return launchCmd(url, PUT, NO);
+}
+
+Response launchDELETE(char *url) {
+    return launchCmd(url, DELETE, NO);
+}
+
+Response launchOPEN(char *url, Response resp) {
+    return launchRead_internal(url, GET, YES, resp);
+}
+
+Response launchUTIMES(char *url) {
+    return launchCmd(url, PUT, NO);
+}
+
+Response launchNnWRITE(char *url) {
+    return launchCmd(url, PUT, NO);
+}
+
+Response launchNnAPPEND(char *url) {
+    return launchCmd(url, POST, NO);
+}
+
+Response launchDnWRITE(const char *url, webhdfsBuffer *buffer) {
+    return launchWrite(url, PUT, buffer);
+}
+
+Response launchDnAPPEND(const char *url, webhdfsBuffer *buffer) {
+    return launchWrite(url, POST, buffer);
+}
+
+Response launchSETREPLICATION(char *url) {
+    return launchCmd(url, PUT, NO);
+}

hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/contrib/libwebhdfs/src/hdfs_http_client.h

@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+/**
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+
+
+#ifndef _HDFS_HTTP_CLIENT_H_
+#define _HDFS_HTTP_CLIENT_H_
+
+#include "webhdfs.h"
+#include <curl/curl.h>
+
+enum HttpHeader {
+    GET,
+    PUT,
+    POST,
+    DELETE
+};
+
+enum Redirect {
+    YES,
+    NO
+};
+
+typedef struct {
+    char *content;
+    size_t remaining;
+    size_t offset;
+} ResponseBufferInternal;
+typedef ResponseBufferInternal *ResponseBuffer;
+
+/**
+ * The response got through webhdfs
+ */
+typedef struct {
+    ResponseBuffer body;
+    ResponseBuffer header;
+}* Response;
+
+ResponseBuffer initResponseBuffer();
+void freeResponseBuffer(ResponseBuffer buffer);
+void freeResponse(Response resp);
+
+Response launchMKDIR(char *url);
+Response launchRENAME(char *url);
+Response launchCHMOD(char *url);
+Response launchGFS(char *url);
+Response launchLS(char *url);
+Response launchDELETE(char *url);
+Response launchCHOWN(char *url);
+Response launchOPEN(char *url, Response resp);
+Response launchUTIMES(char *url);
+Response launchNnWRITE(char *url);
+
+Response launchDnWRITE(const char *url, webhdfsBuffer *buffer);
+Response launchNnAPPEND(char *url);
+Response launchSETREPLICATION(char *url);
+Response launchDnAPPEND(const char *url, webhdfsBuffer *buffer);
+
+#endif //_HDFS_HTTP_CLIENT_H_

hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/contrib/libwebhdfs/src/hdfs_http_query.c

@@ -0,0 +1,254 @@
+/**
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+#include "hdfs_http_query.h"
+#include <math.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+
+#define NUM_OF_PERMISSION_BITS 4
+#define NUM_OF_PORT_BITS 6
+#define NUM_OF_REPLICATION_BITS 6
+
+static char *prepareQUERY(const char *host, int nnPort, const char *srcpath, const char *OP, const char *user) {
+    size_t length;
+    char *url;
+    const char *const protocol = "http://";
+    const char *const prefix = "/webhdfs/v1";
+    char *temp;
+    char *port;
+    port= (char*) malloc(NUM_OF_PORT_BITS);
+    if (!port) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+    sprintf(port,"%d",nnPort);
+    if (user != NULL) {
+        length = strlen(protocol) + strlen(host) + strlen(":") + strlen(port) + strlen(prefix) + strlen(srcpath) + strlen ("?op=") + strlen(OP) + strlen("&user.name=") + strlen(user);
+    } else {
+        length = strlen(protocol) + strlen(host) + strlen(":") + strlen(port) + strlen(prefix) + strlen(srcpath) +  strlen ("?op=") + strlen(OP);
+    }
+    
+    temp = (char*) malloc(length + 1);
+    if (!temp) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+    strcpy(temp,protocol);
+    temp = strcat(temp,host);
+    temp = strcat(temp,":");
+    temp = strcat(temp,port);
+    temp = strcat(temp,prefix);
+    temp = strcat(temp,srcpath);
+    temp = strcat(temp,"?op=");
+    temp = strcat(temp,OP);
+    if (user) {
+        temp = strcat(temp,"&user.name=");
+        temp = strcat(temp,user);
+    }
+    url = temp;
+    return url;
+}
+
+
+static int decToOctal(int decNo) {
+    int octNo=0;
+    int expo =0;
+    while (decNo != 0)  {
+        octNo = ((decNo % 8) * pow(10,expo)) + octNo;
+        decNo = decNo / 8;
+        expo++;
+    }
+    return octNo;
+}
+
+
+char *prepareMKDIR(const char *host, int nnPort, const char *dirsubpath, const char *user) {
+    return prepareQUERY(host, nnPort, dirsubpath, "MKDIRS", user);
+}
+
+
+char *prepareMKDIRwithMode(const char *host, int nnPort, const char *dirsubpath, int mode, const char *user) {
+    char *url;
+    char *permission;
+    permission = (char*) malloc(NUM_OF_PERMISSION_BITS);
+    if (!permission) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+    mode = decToOctal(mode);
+    sprintf(permission,"%d",mode);
+    url = prepareMKDIR(host, nnPort, dirsubpath, user);
+    url = realloc(url,(strlen(url) + strlen("&permission=") + strlen(permission) + 1));
+    if (!url) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+    url = strcat(url,"&permission=");
+    url = strcat(url,permission);
+    return url;
+}
+
+
+char *prepareRENAME(const char *host, int nnPort, const char *srcpath, const char *destpath, const char *user) {
+    char *url;
+    url = prepareQUERY(host, nnPort, srcpath, "RENAME", user);
+    url = realloc(url,(strlen(url) + strlen("&destination=") + strlen(destpath) + 1));
+    if (!url) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+    url = strcat(url,"&destination=");
+    url = strcat(url,destpath);
+    return url;
+}
+
+char *prepareGFS(const char *host, int nnPort, const char *dirsubpath, const char *user) {
+    return (prepareQUERY(host, nnPort, dirsubpath, "GETFILESTATUS", user));
+}
+
+char *prepareLS(const char *host, int nnPort, const char *dirsubpath, const char *user) {
+    return (prepareQUERY(host, nnPort, dirsubpath, "LISTSTATUS", user));
+}
+
+char *prepareCHMOD(const char *host, int nnPort, const char *dirsubpath, int mode, const char *user) {
+    char *url;
+    char *permission;
+    permission = (char*) malloc(NUM_OF_PERMISSION_BITS);
+    if (!permission) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+    mode &= 0x3FFF;
+    mode = decToOctal(mode);
+    sprintf(permission,"%d",mode);
+    url = prepareQUERY(host, nnPort, dirsubpath, "SETPERMISSION", user);
+    url = realloc(url,(strlen(url) + strlen("&permission=") + strlen(permission) + 1));
+    if (!url) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+    url = strcat(url,"&permission=");
+    url = strcat(url,permission);
+    return url;
+}
+
+char *prepareDELETE(const char *host, int nnPort, const char *dirsubpath, int recursive, const char *user) {
+    char *url = (prepareQUERY(host, nnPort, dirsubpath, "DELETE", user));
+    char *recursiveFlag = (char *)malloc(6);
+    if (!recursive) {
+        strcpy(recursiveFlag, "false");
+    } else {
+        strcpy(recursiveFlag, "true");
+    }
+    url = (char *) realloc(url, strlen(url) + strlen("&recursive=") + strlen(recursiveFlag) + 1);
+    if (!url) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+    
+    strcat(url, "&recursive=");
+    strcat(url, recursiveFlag);
+    return url;
+}
+
+char *prepareCHOWN(const char *host, int nnPort, const char *dirsubpath, const char *owner, const char *group, const char *user) {
+    char *url;
+    url = prepareQUERY(host, nnPort, dirsubpath, "SETOWNER", user);
+    if (!url) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+    if(owner != NULL) {
+        url = realloc(url,(strlen(url) + strlen("&owner=") + strlen(owner) + 1));
+        url = strcat(url,"&owner=");
+        url = strcat(url,owner);
+    }
+    if (group != NULL) {
+        url = realloc(url,(strlen(url) + strlen("&group=") + strlen(group) + 1));
+        url = strcat(url,"&group=");
+        url = strcat(url,group);
+    }
+    return url;
+}
+
+char *prepareOPEN(const char *host, int nnPort, const char *dirsubpath, const char *user, size_t offset, size_t length) {
+    char *base_url = prepareQUERY(host, nnPort, dirsubpath, "OPEN", user);
+    char *url = (char *) malloc(strlen(base_url) + strlen("&offset=") + 15 + strlen("&length=") + 15);
+    if (!url) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+    sprintf(url, "%s&offset=%ld&length=%ld", base_url, offset, length);
+    return url;
+}
+
+char *prepareUTIMES(const char *host, int nnPort, const char *dirsubpath, long unsigned mTime, long unsigned aTime, const char *user) {
+    char *url;
+    char *modTime;
+    char *acsTime;
+    modTime = (char*) malloc(12);
+    acsTime = (char*) malloc(12);
+    url = prepareQUERY(host, nnPort, dirsubpath, "SETTIMES", user);
+    sprintf(modTime,"%lu",mTime);
+    sprintf(acsTime,"%lu",aTime);
+    url = realloc(url,(strlen(url) + strlen("&modificationtime=") + strlen(modTime) + strlen("&accesstime=") + strlen(acsTime) + 1));
+    if (!url) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+    url = strcat(url, "&modificationtime=");
+    url = strcat(url, modTime);
+    url = strcat(url,"&accesstime=");
+    url = strcat(url, acsTime);
+    return url;
+}
+
+char *prepareNnWRITE(const char *host, int nnPort, const char *dirsubpath, const char *user, int16_t replication, size_t blockSize) {
+    char *url;
+    url = prepareQUERY(host, nnPort, dirsubpath, "CREATE", user);
+    url = realloc(url, (strlen(url) + strlen("&overwrite=true") + 1));
+    if (!url) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+    url = strcat(url, "&overwrite=true");
+    if (replication > 0) {
+        url = realloc(url, (strlen(url) + strlen("&replication=") + 6));
+        if (!url) {
+            return NULL;
+        }
+        sprintf(url, "%s&replication=%d", url, replication);
+    }
+    if (blockSize > 0) {
+        url = realloc(url, (strlen(url) + strlen("&blocksize=") + 16));
+        if (!url) {
+            return NULL;
+        }
+        sprintf(url, "%s&blocksize=%ld", url, blockSize);
+    }
+    return url;
+}
+
+char *prepareNnAPPEND(const char *host, int nnPort, const char *dirsubpath, const char *user) {
+    return (prepareQUERY(host, nnPort, dirsubpath, "APPEND", user));
+}
+
+char *prepareSETREPLICATION(const char *host, int nnPort, const char *path, int16_t replication, const char *user)
+{
+    char *url = prepareQUERY(host, nnPort, path, "SETREPLICATION", user);
+    char *replicationNum = (char *) malloc(NUM_OF_REPLICATION_BITS);
+    sprintf(replicationNum, "%u", replication);
+    url = realloc(url, strlen(url) + strlen("&replication=") + strlen(replicationNum)+ 1);
+    if (!url) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+    
+    url = strcat(url, "&replication=");
+    url = strcat(url, replicationNum);
+    return url;
+}

hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/contrib/libwebhdfs/src/hdfs_http_query.h

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+/**
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+
+#ifndef _HDFS_HTTP_QUERY_H_
+#define _HDFS_HTTP_QUERY_H_
+
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+char *prepareMKDIR(const char *host, int nnPort, const char *dirsubpath, const char *user);
+char *prepareMKDIRwithMode(const char *host, int nnPort, const char *dirsubpath, int mode, const char *user);
+char *prepareRENAME(const char *host, int nnPort, const char *srcpath, const char *destpath, const char *user);
+char *prepareCHMOD(const char *host, int nnPort, const char *dirsubpath, int mode, const char *user);
+char *prepareGFS(const char *host, int nnPort, const char *dirsubpath, const char *user);
+char *prepareLS(const char *host, int nnPort, const char *dirsubpath, const char *user);
+char *prepareDELETE(const char *host, int nnPort, const char *dirsubpath, int recursive, const char *user);
+char *prepareCHOWN(const char *host, int nnPort, const char *dirsubpath, const char *owner, const char *group, const char *user);
+char *prepareOPEN(const char *host, int nnPort, const char *dirsubpath, const char *user, size_t offset, size_t length);
+char *prepareUTIMES(const char *host, int nnPort, const char *dirsubpath, long unsigned mTime, long unsigned aTime, const char *user);
+char *prepareNnWRITE(const char *host, int nnPort, const char *dirsubpath, const char *user, int16_t replication, size_t blockSize);
+char *prepareNnAPPEND(const char *host, int nnPort, const char *dirsubpath, const char *user);
+char *prepareSETREPLICATION(const char *host, int nnPort, const char *path, int16_t replication, const char *user);
+
+
+#endif  //_HDFS_HTTP_QUERY_H_

hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/contrib/libwebhdfs/src/hdfs_jni.c

@@ -0,0 +1,616 @@
+/**
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include "webhdfs.h"
+#include "jni_helper.h"
+#include "exception.h"
+
+/* Some frequently used Java paths */
+#define HADOOP_CONF     "org/apache/hadoop/conf/Configuration"
+#define HADOOP_PATH     "org/apache/hadoop/fs/Path"
+#define HADOOP_LOCALFS  "org/apache/hadoop/fs/LocalFileSystem"
+#define HADOOP_FS       "org/apache/hadoop/fs/FileSystem"
+#define HADOOP_FSSTATUS "org/apache/hadoop/fs/FsStatus"
+#define HADOOP_BLK_LOC  "org/apache/hadoop/fs/BlockLocation"
+#define HADOOP_DFS      "org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/DistributedFileSystem"
+#define HADOOP_ISTRM    "org/apache/hadoop/fs/FSDataInputStream"
+#define HADOOP_OSTRM    "org/apache/hadoop/fs/FSDataOutputStream"
+#define HADOOP_STAT     "org/apache/hadoop/fs/FileStatus"
+#define HADOOP_FSPERM   "org/apache/hadoop/fs/permission/FsPermission"
+#define JAVA_NET_ISA    "java/net/InetSocketAddress"
+#define JAVA_NET_URI    "java/net/URI"
+#define JAVA_STRING     "java/lang/String"
+
+#define JAVA_VOID       "V"
+
+/* Macros for constructing method signatures */
+#define JPARAM(X)           "L" X ";"
+#define JARRPARAM(X)        "[L" X ";"
+#define JMETHOD1(X, R)      "(" X ")" R
+#define JMETHOD2(X, Y, R)   "(" X Y ")" R
+#define JMETHOD3(X, Y, Z, R)   "(" X Y Z")" R
+
+#define KERBEROS_TICKET_CACHE_PATH "hadoop.security.kerberos.ticket.cache.path"
+
+/**
+ * Helper function to create a org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path object.
+ * @param env: The JNIEnv pointer.
+ * @param path: The file-path for which to construct org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path
+ * object.
+ * @return Returns a jobject on success and NULL on error.
+ */
+static jthrowable constructNewObjectOfPath(JNIEnv *env, const char *path,
+                                           jobject *out)
+{
+    jthrowable jthr;
+    jstring jPathString;
+    jobject jPath;
+    
+    //Construct a java.lang.String object
+    jthr = newJavaStr(env, path, &jPathString);
+    if (jthr)
+        return jthr;
+    //Construct the org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path object
+    jthr = constructNewObjectOfClass(env, &jPath, "org/apache/hadoop/fs/Path",
+                                     "(Ljava/lang/String;)V", jPathString);
+    destroyLocalReference(env, jPathString);
+    if (jthr)
+        return jthr;
+    *out = jPath;
+    return NULL;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Set a configuration value.
+ *
+ * @param env               The JNI environment
+ * @param jConfiguration    The configuration object to modify
+ * @param key               The key to modify
+ * @param value             The value to set the key to
+ *
+ * @return                  NULL on success; exception otherwise
+ */
+static jthrowable hadoopConfSetStr(JNIEnv *env, jobject jConfiguration,
+                                   const char *key, const char *value)
+{
+    jthrowable jthr;
+    jstring jkey = NULL, jvalue = NULL;
+    
+    jthr = newJavaStr(env, key, &jkey);
+    if (jthr)
+        goto done;
+    jthr = newJavaStr(env, value, &jvalue);
+    if (jthr)
+        goto done;
+    jthr = invokeMethod(env, NULL, INSTANCE, jConfiguration,
+                        HADOOP_CONF, "set", JMETHOD2(JPARAM(JAVA_STRING),
+                                                     JPARAM(JAVA_STRING), JAVA_VOID),
+                        jkey, jvalue);
+    if (jthr)
+        goto done;
+done:
+    destroyLocalReference(env, jkey);
+    destroyLocalReference(env, jvalue);
+    return jthr;
+}
+
+static jthrowable hadoopConfGetStr(JNIEnv *env, jobject jConfiguration,
+                                   const char *key, char **val)
+{
+    jthrowable jthr;
+    jvalue jVal;
+    jstring jkey = NULL, jRet = NULL;
+    
+    jthr = newJavaStr(env, key, &jkey);
+    if (jthr)
+        goto done;
+    jthr = invokeMethod(env, &jVal, INSTANCE, jConfiguration,
+                        HADOOP_CONF, "get", JMETHOD1(JPARAM(JAVA_STRING),
+                                                     JPARAM(JAVA_STRING)), jkey);
+    if (jthr)
+        goto done;
+    jRet = jVal.l;
+    jthr = newCStr(env, jRet, val);
+done:
+    destroyLocalReference(env, jkey);
+    destroyLocalReference(env, jRet);
+    return jthr;
+}
+
+int hdfsConfGetStr(const char *key, char **val)
+{
+    JNIEnv *env;
+    int ret;
+    jthrowable jthr;
+    jobject jConfiguration = NULL;
+    
+    env = getJNIEnv();
+    if (env == NULL) {
+        ret = EINTERNAL;
+        goto done;
+    }
+    jthr = constructNewObjectOfClass(env, &jConfiguration, HADOOP_CONF, "()V");
+    if (jthr) {
+        ret = printExceptionAndFree(env, jthr, PRINT_EXC_ALL,
+                                    "hdfsConfGetStr(%s): new Configuration", key);
+        goto done;
+    }
+    jthr = hadoopConfGetStr(env, jConfiguration, key, val);
+    if (jthr) {
+        ret = printExceptionAndFree(env, jthr, PRINT_EXC_ALL,
+                                    "hdfsConfGetStr(%s): hadoopConfGetStr", key);
+        goto done;
+    }
+    ret = 0;
+done:
+    destroyLocalReference(env, jConfiguration);
+    if (ret)
+        errno = ret;
+    return ret;
+}
+
+void hdfsConfStrFree(char *val)
+{
+    free(val);
+}
+
+static jthrowable hadoopConfGetInt(JNIEnv *env, jobject jConfiguration,
+                                   const char *key, int32_t *val)
+{
+    jthrowable jthr = NULL;
+    jvalue jVal;
+    jstring jkey = NULL;
+    
+    jthr = newJavaStr(env, key, &jkey);
+    if (jthr)
+        return jthr;
+    jthr = invokeMethod(env, &jVal, INSTANCE, jConfiguration,
+                        HADOOP_CONF, "getInt", JMETHOD2(JPARAM(JAVA_STRING), "I", "I"),
+                        jkey, (jint)(*val));
+    destroyLocalReference(env, jkey);
+    if (jthr)
+        return jthr;
+    *val = jVal.i;
+    return NULL;
+}
+
+int hdfsConfGetInt(const char *key, int32_t *val)
+{
+    JNIEnv *env;
+    int ret;
+    jobject jConfiguration = NULL;
+    jthrowable jthr;
+    
+    env = getJNIEnv();
+    if (env == NULL) {
+        ret = EINTERNAL;
+        goto done;
+    }
+    jthr = constructNewObjectOfClass(env, &jConfiguration, HADOOP_CONF, "()V");
+    if (jthr) {
+        ret = printExceptionAndFree(env, jthr, PRINT_EXC_ALL,
+                                    "hdfsConfGetInt(%s): new Configuration", key);
+        goto done;
+    }
+    jthr = hadoopConfGetInt(env, jConfiguration, key, val);
+    if (jthr) {
+        ret = printExceptionAndFree(env, jthr, PRINT_EXC_ALL,
+                                    "hdfsConfGetInt(%s): hadoopConfGetInt", key);
+        goto done;
+    }
+    ret = 0;
+done:
+    destroyLocalReference(env, jConfiguration);
+    if (ret)
+        errno = ret;
+    return ret;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Calculate the effective URI to use, given a builder configuration.
+ *
+ * If there is not already a URI scheme, we prepend 'hdfs://'.
+ *
+ * If there is not already a port specified, and a port was given to the
+ * builder, we suffix that port.  If there is a port specified but also one in
+ * the URI, that is an error.
+ *
+ * @param bld       The hdfs builder object
+ * @param uri       (out param) dynamically allocated string representing the
+ *                  effective URI
+ *
+ * @return          0 on success; error code otherwise
+ */
+static int calcEffectiveURI(struct hdfsBuilder *bld, char ** uri)
+{
+    const char *scheme;
+    char suffix[64];
+    const char *lastColon;
+    char *u;
+    size_t uriLen;
+    
+    if (!bld->nn_jni)
+        return EINVAL;
+    scheme = (strstr(bld->nn_jni, "://")) ? "" : "hdfs://";
+    if (bld->port == 0) {
+        suffix[0] = '\0';
+    } else {
+        lastColon = rindex(bld->nn_jni, ':');
+        if (lastColon && (strspn(lastColon + 1, "0123456789") ==
+                          strlen(lastColon + 1))) {
+            fprintf(stderr, "port %d was given, but URI '%s' already "
+                    "contains a port!\n", bld->port, bld->nn_jni);
+            return EINVAL;
+        }
+        snprintf(suffix, sizeof(suffix), ":%d", bld->port);
+    }
+    
+    uriLen = strlen(scheme) + strlen(bld->nn_jni) + strlen(suffix);
+    u = malloc((uriLen + 1) * (sizeof(char)));
+    if (!u) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "calcEffectiveURI: out of memory");
+        return ENOMEM;
+    }
+    snprintf(u, uriLen + 1, "%s%s%s", scheme, bld->nn_jni, suffix);
+    *uri = u;
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static const char *maybeNull(const char *str)
+{
+    return str ? str : "(NULL)";
+}
+
+const char *hdfsBuilderToStr(const struct hdfsBuilder *bld,
+                                    char *buf, size_t bufLen)
+{
+    snprintf(buf, bufLen, "forceNewInstance=%d, nn=%s, port=%d, "
+             "kerbTicketCachePath=%s, userName=%s, workingDir=%s\n",
+             bld->forceNewInstance, maybeNull(bld->nn), bld->port,
+             maybeNull(bld->kerbTicketCachePath),
+             maybeNull(bld->userName), maybeNull(bld->workingDir));
+    return buf;
+}
+
+/*
+ * The JNI version of builderConnect, return the reflection of FileSystem
+ */
+jobject hdfsBuilderConnect_JNI(JNIEnv *env, struct hdfsBuilder *bld)
+{
+    jobject jConfiguration = NULL, jFS = NULL, jURI = NULL, jCachePath = NULL;
+    jstring jURIString = NULL, jUserString = NULL;
+    jvalue  jVal;
+    jthrowable jthr = NULL;
+    char *cURI = 0, buf[512];
+    int ret;
+    jobject jRet = NULL;
+    
+    //  jConfiguration = new Configuration();
+    jthr = constructNewObjectOfClass(env, &jConfiguration, HADOOP_CONF, "()V");
+    if (jthr) {
+        ret = printExceptionAndFree(env, jthr, PRINT_EXC_ALL,
+                                    "hdfsBuilderConnect_JNI(%s)", hdfsBuilderToStr(bld, buf, sizeof(buf)));
+        goto done;
+    }
+    
+    //Check what type of FileSystem the caller wants...
+    if (bld->nn_jni == NULL) {
+        // Get a local filesystem.
+        // Also handle the scenario where nn of hdfsBuilder is set to localhost.
+        if (bld->forceNewInstance) {
+            // fs = FileSytem#newInstanceLocal(conf);
+            jthr = invokeMethod(env, &jVal, STATIC, NULL, HADOOP_FS,
+                                "newInstanceLocal", JMETHOD1(JPARAM(HADOOP_CONF),
+                                                             JPARAM(HADOOP_LOCALFS)), jConfiguration);
+            if (jthr) {
+                ret = printExceptionAndFree(env, jthr, PRINT_EXC_ALL,
+                                            "hdfsBuilderConnect_JNI(%s)",
+                                            hdfsBuilderToStr(bld, buf, sizeof(buf)));
+                goto done;
+            }
+            jFS = jVal.l;
+        } else {
+            // fs = FileSytem#getLocal(conf);
+            jthr = invokeMethod(env, &jVal, STATIC, NULL, HADOOP_FS, "getLocal",
+                                JMETHOD1(JPARAM(HADOOP_CONF),
+                                         JPARAM(HADOOP_LOCALFS)),
+                                jConfiguration);
+            if (jthr) {
+                ret = printExceptionAndFree(env, jthr, PRINT_EXC_ALL,
+                                            "hdfsBuilderConnect_JNI(%s)",
+                                            hdfsBuilderToStr(bld, buf, sizeof(buf)));
+                goto done;
+            }
+            jFS = jVal.l;
+        }
+    } else {
+        if (!strcmp(bld->nn_jni, "default")) {
+            // jURI = FileSystem.getDefaultUri(conf)
+            jthr = invokeMethod(env, &jVal, STATIC, NULL, HADOOP_FS,
+                                "getDefaultUri",
+                                "(Lorg/apache/hadoop/conf/Configuration;)Ljava/net/URI;",
+                                jConfiguration);
+            if (jthr) {
+                ret = printExceptionAndFree(env, jthr, PRINT_EXC_ALL,
+                                            "hdfsBuilderConnect_JNI(%s)",
+                                            hdfsBuilderToStr(bld, buf, sizeof(buf)));
+                goto done;
+            }
+            jURI = jVal.l;
+        } else {
+            // fs = FileSystem#get(URI, conf, ugi);
+            ret = calcEffectiveURI(bld, &cURI);
+            if (ret)
+                goto done;
+            jthr = newJavaStr(env, cURI, &jURIString);
+            if (jthr) {
+                ret = printExceptionAndFree(env, jthr, PRINT_EXC_ALL,
+                                            "hdfsBuilderConnect_JNI(%s)",
+                                            hdfsBuilderToStr(bld, buf, sizeof(buf)));
+                goto done;
+            }
+            jthr = invokeMethod(env, &jVal, STATIC, NULL, JAVA_NET_URI,
+                                "create", "(Ljava/lang/String;)Ljava/net/URI;",
+                                jURIString);
+            if (jthr) {
+                ret = printExceptionAndFree(env, jthr, PRINT_EXC_ALL,
+                                            "hdfsBuilderConnect_JNI(%s)",
+                                            hdfsBuilderToStr(bld, buf, sizeof(buf)));
+                goto done;
+            }
+            jURI = jVal.l;
+        }
+        
+        if (bld->kerbTicketCachePath) {
+            jthr = hadoopConfSetStr(env, jConfiguration,
+                                    KERBEROS_TICKET_CACHE_PATH, bld->kerbTicketCachePath);
+            if (jthr) {
+                ret = printExceptionAndFree(env, jthr, PRINT_EXC_ALL,
+                                            "hdfsBuilderConnect_JNI(%s)",
+                                            hdfsBuilderToStr(bld, buf, sizeof(buf)));
+                goto done;
+            }
+        }
+        jthr = newJavaStr(env, bld->userName, &jUserString);
+        if (jthr) {
+            ret = printExceptionAndFree(env, jthr, PRINT_EXC_ALL,
+                                        "hdfsBuilderConnect_JNI(%s)",
+                                        hdfsBuilderToStr(bld, buf, sizeof(buf)));
+            goto done;
+        }
+        if (bld->forceNewInstance) {
+            jthr = invokeMethod(env, &jVal, STATIC, NULL, HADOOP_FS,
+                                "newInstance", JMETHOD3(JPARAM(JAVA_NET_URI),
+                                                        JPARAM(HADOOP_CONF), JPARAM(JAVA_STRING),
+                                                        JPARAM(HADOOP_FS)),
+                                jURI, jConfiguration, jUserString);
+            if (jthr) {
+                ret = printExceptionAndFree(env, jthr, PRINT_EXC_ALL,
+                                            "hdfsBuilderConnect_JNI(%s)",
+                                            hdfsBuilderToStr(bld, buf, sizeof(buf)));
+                goto done;
+            }
+            jFS = jVal.l;
+        } else {
+            jthr = invokeMethod(env, &jVal, STATIC, NULL, HADOOP_FS, "get",
+                                JMETHOD3(JPARAM(JAVA_NET_URI), JPARAM(HADOOP_CONF),
+                                         JPARAM(JAVA_STRING), JPARAM(HADOOP_FS)),
+                                jURI, jConfiguration, jUserString);
+            if (jthr) {
+                ret = printExceptionAndFree(env, jthr, PRINT_EXC_ALL,
+                                            "hdfsBuilderConnect_JNI(%s)",
+                                            hdfsBuilderToStr(bld, buf, sizeof(buf)));
+                goto done;
+            }
+            jFS = jVal.l;
+        }
+    }
+    jRet = (*env)->NewGlobalRef(env, jFS);
+    if (!jRet) {
+        ret = printPendingExceptionAndFree(env, PRINT_EXC_ALL,
+                                           "hdfsBuilderConnect_JNI(%s)",
+                                           hdfsBuilderToStr(bld, buf, sizeof(buf)));
+        goto done;
+    }
+    ret = 0;
+    
+done:
+    // Release unnecessary local references
+    destroyLocalReference(env, jConfiguration);
+    destroyLocalReference(env, jFS);
+    destroyLocalReference(env, jURI);
+    destroyLocalReference(env, jCachePath);
+    destroyLocalReference(env, jURIString);
+    destroyLocalReference(env, jUserString);
+    free(cURI);
+    
+    if (ret) {
+        errno = ret;
+        return NULL;
+    }
+    return jRet;
+}
+
+int hdfsDisconnect_JNI(jobject jFS)
+{
+    // JAVA EQUIVALENT:
+    //  fs.close()
+    
+    //Get the JNIEnv* corresponding to current thread
+    JNIEnv* env = getJNIEnv();
+    int ret;
+    
+    if (env == NULL) {
+        errno = EINTERNAL;
+        return -1;
+    }
+    
+    //Sanity check
+    if (jFS == NULL) {
+        errno = EBADF;
+        return -1;
+    }
+    
+    jthrowable jthr = invokeMethod(env, NULL, INSTANCE, jFS, HADOOP_FS,
+                                   "close", "()V");
+    if (jthr) {
+        ret = printExceptionAndFree(env, jthr, PRINT_EXC_ALL,
+                                    "hdfsDisconnect: FileSystem#close");
+    } else {
+        ret = 0;
+    }
+    (*env)->DeleteGlobalRef(env, jFS);
+    if (ret) {
+        errno = ret;
+        return -1;
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static int hdfsCopyImpl(hdfsFS srcFS, const char* src, hdfsFS dstFS,
+                        const char* dst, jboolean deleteSource)
+{
+    //JAVA EQUIVALENT
+    //  FileUtil#copy(srcFS, srcPath, dstFS, dstPath,
+    //                 deleteSource = false, conf)
+    
+    //Get the JNIEnv* corresponding to current thread
+    JNIEnv* env = getJNIEnv();
+    if (env == NULL) {
+        errno = EINTERNAL;
+        return -1;
+    }
+    
+    //In libwebhdfs, the hdfsFS derived from hdfsBuilderConnect series functions
+    //is actually a hdfsBuilder instance containing address information of NameNode.
+    //Thus here we need to use JNI to get the real java FileSystem objects.
+    jobject jSrcFS = hdfsBuilderConnect_JNI(env, (struct hdfsBuilder *) srcFS);
+    jobject jDstFS = hdfsBuilderConnect_JNI(env, (struct hdfsBuilder *) dstFS);
+    
+    //Parameters
+    jobject jConfiguration = NULL, jSrcPath = NULL, jDstPath = NULL;
+    jthrowable jthr;
+    jvalue jVal;
+    int ret;
+    
+    jthr = constructNewObjectOfPath(env, src, &jSrcPath);
+    if (jthr) {
+        ret = printExceptionAndFree(env, jthr, PRINT_EXC_ALL,
+                                    "hdfsCopyImpl(src=%s): constructNewObjectOfPath", src);
+        goto done;
+    }
+    jthr = constructNewObjectOfPath(env, dst, &jDstPath);
+    if (jthr) {
+        ret = printExceptionAndFree(env, jthr, PRINT_EXC_ALL,
+                                    "hdfsCopyImpl(dst=%s): constructNewObjectOfPath", dst);
+        goto done;
+    }
+    
+    //Create the org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration object
+    jthr = constructNewObjectOfClass(env, &jConfiguration,
+                                     HADOOP_CONF, "()V");
+    if (jthr) {
+        ret = printExceptionAndFree(env, jthr, PRINT_EXC_ALL,
+                                    "hdfsCopyImpl: Configuration constructor");
+        goto done;
+    }
+    
+    //FileUtil#copy
+    jthr = invokeMethod(env, &jVal, STATIC,
+                        NULL, "org/apache/hadoop/fs/FileUtil", "copy",
+                        "(Lorg/apache/hadoop/fs/FileSystem;Lorg/apache/hadoop/fs/Path;"
+                        "Lorg/apache/hadoop/fs/FileSystem;Lorg/apache/hadoop/fs/Path;"
+                        "ZLorg/apache/hadoop/conf/Configuration;)Z",
+                        jSrcFS, jSrcPath, jDstFS, jDstPath, deleteSource,
+                        jConfiguration);
+    if (jthr) {
+        ret = printExceptionAndFree(env, jthr, PRINT_EXC_ALL,
+                                    "hdfsCopyImpl(src=%s, dst=%s, deleteSource=%d): "
+                                    "FileUtil#copy", src, dst, deleteSource);
+        goto done;
+    }
+    if (!jVal.z) {
+        ret = EIO;
+        goto done;
+    }
+    ret = 0;
+    
+done:
+    destroyLocalReference(env, jConfiguration);
+    destroyLocalReference(env, jSrcPath);
+    destroyLocalReference(env, jDstPath);
+    //Disconnect src/dst FileSystem
+    hdfsDisconnect_JNI(jSrcFS);
+    hdfsDisconnect_JNI(jDstFS);
+    
+    if (ret) {
+        errno = ret;
+        return -1;
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+
+int hdfsCopy(hdfsFS srcFS, const char* src, hdfsFS dstFS, const char* dst)
+{
+    return hdfsCopyImpl(srcFS, src, dstFS, dst, 0);
+}
+
+int hdfsMove(hdfsFS srcFS, const char* src, hdfsFS dstFS, const char* dst)
+{
+    return hdfsCopyImpl(srcFS, src, dstFS, dst, 1);
+}
+
+tOffset hdfsGetDefaultBlockSize(hdfsFS fs)
+{
+    // JAVA EQUIVALENT:
+    //  fs.getDefaultBlockSize();
+    
+    //Get the JNIEnv* corresponding to current thread
+    JNIEnv* env = getJNIEnv();
+    if (env == NULL) {
+        errno = EINTERNAL;
+        return -1;
+    }
+    
+    //In libwebhdfs, the hdfsFS derived from hdfsConnect functions
+    //is actually a hdfsBuilder instance containing address information of NameNode.
+    //Thus here we need to use JNI to get the real java FileSystem objects.
+    jobject jFS = hdfsBuilderConnect_JNI(env, (struct hdfsBuilder *) fs);
+    
+    //FileSystem#getDefaultBlockSize()
+    jvalue jVal;
+    jthrowable jthr;
+    jthr = invokeMethod(env, &jVal, INSTANCE, jFS, HADOOP_FS,
+                        "getDefaultBlockSize", "()J");
+    if (jthr) {
+        errno = printExceptionAndFree(env, jthr, PRINT_EXC_ALL,
+                                      "hdfsGetDefaultBlockSize: FileSystem#getDefaultBlockSize");
+        //Disconnect
+        hdfsDisconnect_JNI(jFS);
+        return -1;
+    }
+    
+    //Disconnect
+    hdfsDisconnect_JNI(jFS);
+    return jVal.j;
+}
+
+
+

hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/contrib/libwebhdfs/src/hdfs_json_parser.c

@@ -0,0 +1,388 @@
+/**
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <ctype.h>
+#include <jansson.h>
+#include "hdfs_json_parser.h"
+#include "exception.h"
+
+hdfsFileInfo *parseJsonGFS(json_t *jobj, hdfsFileInfo *fileStat, int *numEntries, const char *operation); //Forward Declaration
+
+static hdfsFileInfo *json_parse_array(json_t *jobj, char *key, hdfsFileInfo *fileStat, int *numEntries, const char *operation) {
+    int arraylen = json_array_size(jobj);                      //Getting the length of the array
+    *numEntries = arraylen;
+    if (!key) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+    if(arraylen > 0) {
+        fileStat = (hdfsFileInfo *)realloc(fileStat,sizeof(hdfsFileInfo)*arraylen);
+    }
+    json_t *jvalue;
+    int i;
+    for (i=0; i< arraylen; i++) {
+        jvalue = json_array_get(jobj, i);            //Getting the array element at position i
+        if (json_is_array(jvalue)) {                 // array within an array - program should never come here for now
+            json_parse_array(jvalue, NULL, &fileStat[i], numEntries, operation);
+        }
+        else if (json_is_object(jvalue)) {           // program will definitely come over here
+            parseJsonGFS(jvalue, &fileStat[i], numEntries, operation);
+        }
+        else {
+            return NULL;                               // program will never come over here for now
+        }
+    }
+    *numEntries = arraylen;
+    return fileStat;
+}
+
+int parseBoolean(char *response) {
+    json_t *root;
+    json_error_t error;
+    size_t flags = 0;
+    int result = 0;
+    const char *key;
+    json_t *value;
+    root = json_loads(response, flags, &error);
+    void *iter = json_object_iter(root);
+    while(iter)  {
+        key = json_object_iter_key(iter);
+        value = json_object_iter_value(iter);
+        switch (json_typeof(value))  {
+            case JSON_TRUE:
+                result = 1;
+                break;
+            default:
+                result = 0;
+                break;
+        }
+        iter = json_object_iter_next(root, iter);
+    }
+    return result;
+}
+
+int parseMKDIR(char *response) {
+    return (parseBoolean(response));
+}
+
+int parseRENAME(char *response) {
+    return (parseBoolean(response));
+}
+
+int parseDELETE(char *response) {
+    return (parseBoolean(response));
+}
+
+hdfs_exception_msg *parseJsonException(json_t *jobj) {
+    const char *key;
+    json_t *value;
+    hdfs_exception_msg *exception = NULL;
+    
+    exception = (hdfs_exception_msg *) calloc(1, sizeof(hdfs_exception_msg));
+    if (!exception) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+    
+    void *iter = json_object_iter(jobj);
+    while (iter) {
+        key = json_object_iter_key(iter);
+        value = json_object_iter_value(iter);
+        
+        if (!strcmp(key, "exception")) {
+            exception->exception = json_string_value(value);
+        } else if (!strcmp(key, "javaClassName")) {
+            exception->javaClassName = json_string_value(value);
+        } else if (!strcmp(key, "message")) {
+            exception->message = json_string_value(value);
+        }
+        
+        iter = json_object_iter_next(jobj, iter);
+    }
+    
+    return exception;
+}
+
+hdfs_exception_msg *parseException(const char *content) {
+    if (!content) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+    
+    json_error_t error;
+    size_t flags = 0;
+    const char *key;
+    json_t *value;
+    json_t *jobj = json_loads(content, flags, &error);
+    
+    if (!jobj) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "JSon parsing failed\n");
+        return NULL;
+    }
+    void *iter = json_object_iter(jobj);
+    while(iter)  {
+        key = json_object_iter_key(iter);
+        value = json_object_iter_value(iter);
+        
+        if (!strcmp(key, "RemoteException") && json_typeof(value) == JSON_OBJECT) {
+            return parseJsonException(value);
+        }
+        iter = json_object_iter_next(jobj, iter);
+    }
+    return NULL;
+}
+
+hdfsFileInfo *parseJsonGFS(json_t *jobj, hdfsFileInfo *fileStat, int *numEntries, const char *operation) {
+    const char *tempstr;
+    const char *key;
+    json_t *value;
+    void *iter = json_object_iter(jobj);
+    while(iter)  {
+        key = json_object_iter_key(iter);
+        value = json_object_iter_value(iter);
+        
+        switch (json_typeof(value)) {
+            case JSON_INTEGER:
+                if(!strcmp(key,"accessTime")) {
+                    fileStat->mLastAccess = (time_t)(json_integer_value(value)/1000);
+                } else if (!strcmp(key,"blockSize")) {
+                    fileStat->mBlockSize = (tOffset)json_integer_value(value);
+                } else if (!strcmp(key,"length")) {
+                    fileStat->mSize = (tOffset)json_integer_value(value);
+                } else if(!strcmp(key,"modificationTime")) {
+                    fileStat->mLastMod = (time_t)(json_integer_value(value)/1000);
+                } else if (!strcmp(key,"replication")) {
+                    fileStat->mReplication = (short)json_integer_value(value);
+                }
+                break;
+                
+            case JSON_STRING:
+                if(!strcmp(key,"group")) {
+                    fileStat->mGroup=(char *)json_string_value(value);
+                } else if (!strcmp(key,"owner")) {
+                    fileStat->mOwner=(char *)json_string_value(value);
+                } else if (!strcmp(key,"pathSuffix")) {
+                    fileStat->mName=(char *)json_string_value(value);
+                } else if (!strcmp(key,"permission")) {
+                    tempstr=(char *)json_string_value(value);
+                    fileStat->mPermissions = (short)strtol(tempstr,(char **)NULL,8);
+                } else if (!strcmp(key,"type")) {
+                    char *cvalue = (char *)json_string_value(value);
+                    if (!strcmp(cvalue, "DIRECTORY")) {
+                        fileStat->mKind = kObjectKindDirectory;
+                    } else {
+                        fileStat->mKind = kObjectKindFile;
+                    }
+                }
+                break;
+                
+            case JSON_OBJECT:
+                if(!strcmp(key,"FileStatus")) {
+                    parseJsonGFS(value, fileStat, numEntries, operation);
+                } else if (!strcmp(key,"FileStatuses")) {
+                    fileStat = parseJsonGFS(value, &fileStat[0], numEntries, operation);
+                } else if (!strcmp(key,"RemoteException")) {
+                    //Besides returning NULL, we also need to print the exception information
+                    hdfs_exception_msg *exception = parseJsonException(value);
+                    if (exception) {
+                        errno = printExceptionWeb(exception, PRINT_EXC_ALL, "Calling WEBHDFS (%s)", operation);
+                    }
+                    
+                    if(fileStat != NULL) {
+                        free(fileStat);
+                        fileStat = NULL;
+                    }
+                }
+                break;
+                
+            case JSON_ARRAY:
+                if (!strcmp(key,"FileStatus")) {
+                    fileStat = json_parse_array(value,(char *) key,fileStat,numEntries, operation);
+                }
+                break;
+                
+            default:
+                if(fileStat != NULL) {
+                    free(fileStat);
+                    fileStat = NULL;
+                }
+        }
+        iter = json_object_iter_next(jobj, iter);
+    }
+    return fileStat;
+}
+
+
+int checkHeader(char *header, const char *content, const char *operation) {
+    char *result = NULL;
+    char delims[] = ":";
+    char *responseCode= "200 OK";
+    if(header == '\0' || strncmp(header, "HTTP/", strlen("HTTP/"))) {
+        return 0;
+    }
+    if(!(strstr(header, responseCode)) || !(header = strstr(header, "Content-Length"))) {
+        hdfs_exception_msg *exc = parseException(content);
+        if (exc) {
+            errno = printExceptionWeb(exc, PRINT_EXC_ALL, "Calling WEBHDFS (%s)", operation);
+        }
+        return 0;
+    }
+    result = strtok(header, delims);
+    result = strtok(NULL,delims);
+    while (isspace(*result)) {
+        result++;
+    }
+    if(strcmp(result,"0")) {                 //Content-Length should be equal to 0
+        return 1;
+    } else {
+        return 0;
+    }
+}
+
+int parseOPEN(const char *header, const char *content) {
+    const char *responseCode1 = "307 TEMPORARY_REDIRECT";
+    const char *responseCode2 = "200 OK";
+    if(header == '\0' || strncmp(header,"HTTP/",strlen("HTTP/"))) {
+        return -1;
+    }
+    if(!(strstr(header,responseCode1) && strstr(header, responseCode2))) {
+        hdfs_exception_msg *exc = parseException(content);
+        if (exc) {
+            //if the exception is an IOException and it is because the offset is out of the range
+            //do not print out the exception
+            if (!strcasecmp(exc->exception, "IOException") && strstr(exc->message, "out of the range")) {
+                return 0;
+            }
+            errno = printExceptionWeb(exc, PRINT_EXC_ALL, "Calling WEBHDFS (OPEN)");
+        }
+        return -1;
+    }
+    
+    return 1;
+}
+
+int parseCHMOD(char *header, const char *content) {
+    return checkHeader(header, content, "CHMOD");
+}
+
+
+int parseCHOWN(char *header, const char *content) {
+    return checkHeader(header, content, "CHOWN");
+}
+
+int parseUTIMES(char *header, const char *content) {
+    return checkHeader(header, content, "UTIMES");
+}
+
+
+int checkIfRedirect(const char *const headerstr, const char *content, const char *operation) {
+    char *responseCode = "307 TEMPORARY_REDIRECT";
+    char * locTag = "Location";
+    char * tempHeader;
+    if(headerstr == '\0' || strncmp(headerstr,"HTTP/", 5)) {
+        return 0;
+    }
+    if(!(tempHeader = strstr(headerstr,responseCode))) {
+        //process possible exception information
+        hdfs_exception_msg *exc = parseException(content);
+        if (exc) {
+            errno = printExceptionWeb(exc, PRINT_EXC_ALL, "Calling WEBHDFS (%s)", operation);
+        }
+        return 0;
+    }
+    if(!(strstr(tempHeader,locTag))) {
+        return 0;
+    }
+    return 1;
+}
+
+
+int parseNnWRITE(const char *header, const char *content) {
+    return checkIfRedirect(header, content, "Write(NameNode)");
+}
+
+
+int parseNnAPPEND(const char *header, const char *content) {
+    return checkIfRedirect(header, content, "Append(NameNode)");
+}
+
+char *parseDnLoc(char *content) {
+    char delims[] = "\r\n";
+    char *url = NULL;
+    char *DnLocation = NULL;
+    char *savepter;
+    DnLocation = strtok_r(content, delims, &savepter);
+    while (DnLocation && strncmp(DnLocation, "Location:", strlen("Location:"))) {
+        DnLocation = strtok_r(NULL, delims, &savepter);
+    }
+    if (!DnLocation) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+    DnLocation = strstr(DnLocation, "http");
+    if (!DnLocation) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+    url = malloc(strlen(DnLocation) + 1);
+    if (!url) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+    strcpy(url, DnLocation);
+    return url;
+}
+
+int parseDnWRITE(const char *header, const char *content) {
+    char *responseCode = "201 Created";
+    fprintf(stderr, "\nheaderstr is: %s\n", header);
+    if(header == '\0' || strncmp(header,"HTTP/",strlen("HTTP/"))) {
+        return 0;
+    }
+    if(!(strstr(header,responseCode))) {
+        hdfs_exception_msg *exc = parseException(content);
+        if (exc) {
+            errno = printExceptionWeb(exc, PRINT_EXC_ALL, "Calling WEBHDFS (WRITE(DataNode))");
+        }
+        return 0;
+    }
+    return 1;
+}
+
+int parseDnAPPEND(const char *header, const char *content) {
+    char *responseCode = "200 OK";
+    if(header == '\0' || strncmp(header, "HTTP/", strlen("HTTP/"))) {
+        return 0;
+    }
+    if(!(strstr(header, responseCode))) {
+        hdfs_exception_msg *exc = parseException(content);
+        if (exc) {
+            errno = printExceptionWeb(exc, PRINT_EXC_ALL, "Calling WEBHDFS (APPEND(DataNode))");
+        }
+        return 0;
+    }
+    return 1;
+}
+
+hdfsFileInfo *parseGFS(char *str, hdfsFileInfo *fileStat, int *numEntries) {
+    json_error_t error;
+    size_t flags = 0;
+    json_t *jobj = json_loads(str, flags, &error);
+    fileStat = parseJsonGFS(jobj, fileStat, numEntries, "GETPATHSTATUS/LISTSTATUS");
+    return fileStat;
+}
+
+int parseSETREPLICATION(char *response) {
+    return (parseBoolean(response));
+}
+

hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/contrib/libwebhdfs/src/hdfs_json_parser.h

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+/**
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+#ifndef _HDFS_JSON_PARSER_H_
+#define _HDFS_JSON_PARSER_H_
+#include "webhdfs.h"
+
+int parseMKDIR(char *response);
+int parseRENAME(char *response);
+int parseDELETE (char *response);
+int parseSETREPLICATION(char *response);
+
+int parseOPEN(const char *header, const char *content);
+
+int parseNnWRITE(const char *header, const char *content);
+int parseDnWRITE(const char *header, const char *content);
+int parseNnAPPEND(const char *header, const char *content);
+int parseDnAPPEND(const char *header, const char *content);
+
+char* parseDnLoc(char *content);
+
+hdfsFileInfo *parseGFS(char *response, hdfsFileInfo *fileStat, int *numEntries);
+
+int parseCHOWN (char *header, const char *content);
+int parseCHMOD (char *header, const char *content);
+int parseUTIMES(char *header, const char *content);
+
+#endif //_FUSE_JSON_PARSER_H

hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/contrib/libwebhdfs/src/jni_helper.c

@@ -0,0 +1,609 @@
+/**
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+//#include "config.h"
+#include "exception.h"
+#include "jni_helper.h"
+
+#include <stdio.h> 
+#include <string.h> 
+
+static pthread_mutex_t hdfsHashMutex = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;
+static pthread_mutex_t jvmMutex = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;
+static volatile int hashTableInited = 0;
+
+#define LOCK_HASH_TABLE() pthread_mutex_lock(&hdfsHashMutex)
+#define UNLOCK_HASH_TABLE() pthread_mutex_unlock(&hdfsHashMutex)
+
+
+/** The Native return types that methods could return */
+#define VOID          'V'
+#define JOBJECT       'L'
+#define JARRAYOBJECT  '['
+#define JBOOLEAN      'Z'
+#define JBYTE         'B'
+#define JCHAR         'C'
+#define JSHORT        'S'
+#define JINT          'I'
+#define JLONG         'J'
+#define JFLOAT        'F'
+#define JDOUBLE       'D'
+
+
+/**
+ * MAX_HASH_TABLE_ELEM: The maximum no. of entries in the hashtable.
+ * It's set to 4096 to account for (classNames + No. of threads)
+ */
+#define MAX_HASH_TABLE_ELEM 4096
+
+/** Key that allows us to retrieve thread-local storage */
+static pthread_key_t gTlsKey;
+
+/** nonzero if we succeeded in initializing gTlsKey. Protected by the jvmMutex */
+static int gTlsKeyInitialized = 0;
+
+/** Pthreads thread-local storage for each library thread. */
+struct hdfsTls {
+    JNIEnv *env;
+};
+
+/**
+ * The function that is called whenever a thread with libhdfs thread local data
+ * is destroyed.
+ *
+ * @param v         The thread-local data
+ */
+static void hdfsThreadDestructor(void *v)
+{
+    struct hdfsTls *tls = v;
+    JavaVM *vm;
+    JNIEnv *env = tls->env;
+    jint ret;
+
+    ret = (*env)->GetJavaVM(env, &vm);
+    if (ret) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "hdfsThreadDestructor: GetJavaVM failed with "
+                "error %d\n", ret);
+        (*env)->ExceptionDescribe(env);
+    } else {
+        (*vm)->DetachCurrentThread(vm);
+    }
+    free(tls);
+}
+
+void destroyLocalReference(JNIEnv *env, jobject jObject)
+{
+  if (jObject)
+    (*env)->DeleteLocalRef(env, jObject);
+}
+
+static jthrowable validateMethodType(JNIEnv *env, MethType methType)
+{
+    if (methType != STATIC && methType != INSTANCE) {
+        return newRuntimeError(env, "validateMethodType(methType=%d): "
+            "illegal method type.\n", methType);
+    }
+    return NULL;
+}
+
+jthrowable newJavaStr(JNIEnv *env, const char *str, jstring *out)
+{
+    jstring jstr;
+
+    if (!str) {
+        /* Can't pass NULL to NewStringUTF: the result would be
+         * implementation-defined. */
+        *out = NULL;
+        return NULL;
+    }
+    jstr = (*env)->NewStringUTF(env, str);
+    if (!jstr) {
+        /* If NewStringUTF returns NULL, an exception has been thrown,
+         * which we need to handle.  Probaly an OOM. */
+        return getPendingExceptionAndClear(env);
+    }
+    *out = jstr;
+    return NULL;
+}
+
+jthrowable newCStr(JNIEnv *env, jstring jstr, char **out)
+{
+    const char *tmp;
+
+    if (!jstr) {
+        *out = NULL;
+        return NULL;
+    }
+    tmp = (*env)->GetStringUTFChars(env, jstr, NULL);
+    if (!tmp) {
+        return getPendingExceptionAndClear(env);
+    }
+    *out = strdup(tmp);
+    (*env)->ReleaseStringUTFChars(env, jstr, tmp);
+    return NULL;
+}
+
+static int hashTableInit(void)
+{
+    if (!hashTableInited) {
+        LOCK_HASH_TABLE();
+        if (!hashTableInited) {
+            if (hcreate(MAX_HASH_TABLE_ELEM) == 0) {
+                fprintf(stderr, "error creating hashtable, <%d>: %s\n",
+                        errno, strerror(errno));
+                return 0;
+            } 
+            hashTableInited = 1;
+        }
+        UNLOCK_HASH_TABLE();
+    }
+    return 1;
+}
+
+
+static int insertEntryIntoTable(const char *key, void *data)
+{
+    ENTRY e, *ep;
+    if (key == NULL || data == NULL) {
+        return 0;
+    }
+    if (! hashTableInit()) {
+      return -1;
+    }
+    e.data = data;
+    e.key = (char*)key;
+    LOCK_HASH_TABLE();
+    ep = hsearch(e, ENTER);
+    UNLOCK_HASH_TABLE();
+    if (ep == NULL) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "warn adding key (%s) to hash table, <%d>: %s\n",
+                key, errno, strerror(errno));
+    }  
+    return 0;
+}
+
+
+
+static void* searchEntryFromTable(const char *key)
+{
+    ENTRY e,*ep;
+    if (key == NULL) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+    hashTableInit();
+    e.key = (char*)key;
+    LOCK_HASH_TABLE();
+    ep = hsearch(e, FIND);
+    UNLOCK_HASH_TABLE();
+    if (ep != NULL) {
+        return ep->data;
+    }
+    return NULL;
+}
+
+
+
+jthrowable invokeMethod(JNIEnv *env, jvalue *retval, MethType methType,
+                 jobject instObj, const char *className,
+                 const char *methName, const char *methSignature, ...)
+{
+    va_list args;
+    jclass cls;
+    jmethodID mid;
+    jthrowable jthr;
+    const char *str; 
+    char returnType;
+    
+    jthr = validateMethodType(env, methType);
+    if (jthr)
+        return jthr;
+    jthr = globalClassReference(className, env, &cls);
+    if (jthr)
+        return jthr;
+    jthr = methodIdFromClass(className, methName, methSignature, 
+                            methType, env, &mid);
+    if (jthr)
+        return jthr;
+    str = methSignature;
+    while (*str != ')') str++;
+    str++;
+    returnType = *str;
+    va_start(args, methSignature);
+    if (returnType == JOBJECT || returnType == JARRAYOBJECT) {
+        jobject jobj = NULL;
+        if (methType == STATIC) {
+            jobj = (*env)->CallStaticObjectMethodV(env, cls, mid, args);
+        }
+        else if (methType == INSTANCE) {
+            jobj = (*env)->CallObjectMethodV(env, instObj, mid, args);
+        }
+        retval->l = jobj;
+    }
+    else if (returnType == VOID) {
+        if (methType == STATIC) {
+            (*env)->CallStaticVoidMethodV(env, cls, mid, args);
+        }
+        else if (methType == INSTANCE) {
+            (*env)->CallVoidMethodV(env, instObj, mid, args);
+        }
+    }
+    else if (returnType == JBOOLEAN) {
+        jboolean jbool = 0;
+        if (methType == STATIC) {
+            jbool = (*env)->CallStaticBooleanMethodV(env, cls, mid, args);
+        }
+        else if (methType == INSTANCE) {
+            jbool = (*env)->CallBooleanMethodV(env, instObj, mid, args);
+        }
+        retval->z = jbool;
+    }
+    else if (returnType == JSHORT) {
+        jshort js = 0;
+        if (methType == STATIC) {
+            js = (*env)->CallStaticShortMethodV(env, cls, mid, args);
+        }
+        else if (methType == INSTANCE) {
+            js = (*env)->CallShortMethodV(env, instObj, mid, args);
+        }
+        retval->s = js;
+    }
+    else if (returnType == JLONG) {
+        jlong jl = -1;
+        if (methType == STATIC) {
+            jl = (*env)->CallStaticLongMethodV(env, cls, mid, args);
+        }
+        else if (methType == INSTANCE) {
+            jl = (*env)->CallLongMethodV(env, instObj, mid, args);
+        }
+        retval->j = jl;
+    }
+    else if (returnType == JINT) {
+        jint ji = -1;
+        if (methType == STATIC) {
+            ji = (*env)->CallStaticIntMethodV(env, cls, mid, args);
+        }
+        else if (methType == INSTANCE) {
+            ji = (*env)->CallIntMethodV(env, instObj, mid, args);
+        }
+        retval->i = ji;
+    }
+    va_end(args);
+
+    jthr = (*env)->ExceptionOccurred(env);
+    if (jthr) {
+        (*env)->ExceptionClear(env);
+        return jthr;
+    }
+    return NULL;
+}
+
+jthrowable constructNewObjectOfClass(JNIEnv *env, jobject *out, const char *className, 
+                                  const char *ctorSignature, ...)
+{
+    va_list args;
+    jclass cls;
+    jmethodID mid; 
+    jobject jobj;
+    jthrowable jthr;
+
+    jthr = globalClassReference(className, env, &cls);
+    if (jthr)
+        return jthr;
+    jthr = methodIdFromClass(className, "<init>", ctorSignature, 
+                            INSTANCE, env, &mid);
+    if (jthr)
+        return jthr;
+    va_start(args, ctorSignature);
+    jobj = (*env)->NewObjectV(env, cls, mid, args);
+    va_end(args);
+    if (!jobj)
+        return getPendingExceptionAndClear(env);
+    *out = jobj;
+    return NULL;
+}
+
+
+jthrowable methodIdFromClass(const char *className, const char *methName, 
+                            const char *methSignature, MethType methType, 
+                            JNIEnv *env, jmethodID *out)
+{
+    jclass cls;
+    jthrowable jthr;
+
+    jthr = globalClassReference(className, env, &cls);
+    if (jthr)
+        return jthr;
+    jmethodID mid = 0;
+    jthr = validateMethodType(env, methType);
+    if (jthr)
+        return jthr;
+    if (methType == STATIC) {
+        mid = (*env)->GetStaticMethodID(env, cls, methName, methSignature);
+    }
+    else if (methType == INSTANCE) {
+        mid = (*env)->GetMethodID(env, cls, methName, methSignature);
+    }
+    if (mid == NULL) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "could not find method %s from class %s with "
+            "signature %s\n", methName, className, methSignature);
+        return getPendingExceptionAndClear(env);
+    }
+    *out = mid;
+    return NULL;
+}
+
+jthrowable globalClassReference(const char *className, JNIEnv *env, jclass *out)
+{
+    jclass clsLocalRef;
+    jclass cls = searchEntryFromTable(className);
+    if (cls) {
+        *out = cls;
+        return NULL;
+    }
+    clsLocalRef = (*env)->FindClass(env,className);
+    if (clsLocalRef == NULL) {
+        return getPendingExceptionAndClear(env);
+    }
+    cls = (*env)->NewGlobalRef(env, clsLocalRef);
+    if (cls == NULL) {
+        (*env)->DeleteLocalRef(env, clsLocalRef);
+        return getPendingExceptionAndClear(env);
+    }
+    (*env)->DeleteLocalRef(env, clsLocalRef);
+    insertEntryIntoTable(className, cls);
+    *out = cls;
+    return NULL;
+}
+
+jthrowable classNameOfObject(jobject jobj, JNIEnv *env, char **name)
+{
+    jthrowable jthr;
+    jclass cls, clsClass = NULL;
+    jmethodID mid;
+    jstring str = NULL;
+    const char *cstr = NULL;
+    char *newstr;
+
+    cls = (*env)->GetObjectClass(env, jobj);
+    if (cls == NULL) {
+        jthr = getPendingExceptionAndClear(env);
+        goto done;
+    }
+    clsClass = (*env)->FindClass(env, "java/lang/Class");
+    if (clsClass == NULL) {
+        jthr = getPendingExceptionAndClear(env);
+        goto done;
+    }
+    mid = (*env)->GetMethodID(env, clsClass, "getName", "()Ljava/lang/String;");
+    if (mid == NULL) {
+        jthr = getPendingExceptionAndClear(env);
+        goto done;
+    }
+    str = (*env)->CallObjectMethod(env, cls, mid);
+    if (str == NULL) {
+        jthr = getPendingExceptionAndClear(env);
+        goto done;
+    }
+    cstr = (*env)->GetStringUTFChars(env, str, NULL);
+    if (!cstr) {
+        jthr = getPendingExceptionAndClear(env);
+        goto done;
+    }
+    newstr = strdup(cstr);
+    if (newstr == NULL) {
+        jthr = newRuntimeError(env, "classNameOfObject: out of memory");
+        goto done;
+    }
+    *name = newstr;
+    jthr = NULL;
+
+done:
+    destroyLocalReference(env, cls);
+    destroyLocalReference(env, clsClass);
+    if (str) {
+        if (cstr)
+            (*env)->ReleaseStringUTFChars(env, str, cstr);
+        (*env)->DeleteLocalRef(env, str);
+    }
+    return jthr;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Get the global JNI environemnt.
+ *
+ * We only have to create the JVM once.  After that, we can use it in
+ * every thread.  You must be holding the jvmMutex when you call this
+ * function.
+ *
+ * @return          The JNIEnv on success; error code otherwise
+ */
+static JNIEnv* getGlobalJNIEnv(void)
+{
+    const jsize vmBufLength = 1;
+    JavaVM* vmBuf[vmBufLength]; 
+    JNIEnv *env;
+    jint rv = 0; 
+    jint noVMs = 0;
+    jthrowable jthr;
+
+    rv = JNI_GetCreatedJavaVMs(&(vmBuf[0]), vmBufLength, &noVMs);
+    if (rv != 0) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "JNI_GetCreatedJavaVMs failed with error: %d\n", rv);
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    if (noVMs == 0) {
+        //Get the environment variables for initializing the JVM
+        char *hadoopClassPath = getenv("CLASSPATH");
+        if (hadoopClassPath == NULL) {
+            fprintf(stderr, "Environment variable CLASSPATH not set!\n");
+            return NULL;
+        } 
+        char *hadoopClassPathVMArg = "-Djava.class.path=";
+        size_t optHadoopClassPathLen = strlen(hadoopClassPath) + 
+          strlen(hadoopClassPathVMArg) + 1;
+        char *optHadoopClassPath = malloc(sizeof(char)*optHadoopClassPathLen);
+        snprintf(optHadoopClassPath, optHadoopClassPathLen,
+                "%s%s", hadoopClassPathVMArg, hadoopClassPath);
+
+        // Determine the # of LIBHDFS_OPTS args
+        int noArgs = 1;
+        char *hadoopJvmArgs = getenv("LIBHDFS_OPTS");
+        char jvmArgDelims[] = " ";
+        char *str, *token, *savePtr;
+        if (hadoopJvmArgs != NULL)  {
+          hadoopJvmArgs = strdup(hadoopJvmArgs);
+          for (noArgs = 1, str = hadoopJvmArgs; ; noArgs++, str = NULL) {
+            token = strtok_r(str, jvmArgDelims, &savePtr);
+            if (NULL == token) {
+              break;
+            }
+          }
+          free(hadoopJvmArgs);
+        }
+
+        // Now that we know the # args, populate the options array
+        JavaVMOption options[noArgs];
+        options[0].optionString = optHadoopClassPath;
+        hadoopJvmArgs = getenv("LIBHDFS_OPTS");
+	if (hadoopJvmArgs != NULL)  {
+          hadoopJvmArgs = strdup(hadoopJvmArgs);
+          for (noArgs = 1, str = hadoopJvmArgs; ; noArgs++, str = NULL) {
+            token = strtok_r(str, jvmArgDelims, &savePtr);
+            if (NULL == token) {
+              break;
+            }
+            options[noArgs].optionString = token;
+          }
+        }
+
+        //Create the VM
+        JavaVMInitArgs vm_args;
+        JavaVM *vm;
+        vm_args.version = JNI_VERSION_1_2;
+        vm_args.options = options;
+        vm_args.nOptions = noArgs; 
+        vm_args.ignoreUnrecognized = 1;
+
+        rv = JNI_CreateJavaVM(&vm, (void*)&env, &vm_args);
+
+        if (hadoopJvmArgs != NULL)  {
+          free(hadoopJvmArgs);
+        }
+        free(optHadoopClassPath);
+
+        if (rv != 0) {
+            fprintf(stderr, "Call to JNI_CreateJavaVM failed "
+                    "with error: %d\n", rv);
+            return NULL;
+        }
+        jthr = invokeMethod(env, NULL, STATIC, NULL,
+                         "org/apache/hadoop/fs/FileSystem",
+                         "loadFileSystems", "()V");
+        if (jthr) {
+            printExceptionAndFree(env, jthr, PRINT_EXC_ALL, "loadFileSystems");
+        }
+    }
+    else {
+        //Attach this thread to the VM
+        JavaVM* vm = vmBuf[0];
+        rv = (*vm)->AttachCurrentThread(vm, (void*)&env, 0);
+        if (rv != 0) {
+            fprintf(stderr, "Call to AttachCurrentThread "
+                    "failed with error: %d\n", rv);
+            return NULL;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return env;
+}
+
+/**
+ * getJNIEnv: A helper function to get the JNIEnv* for the given thread.
+ * If no JVM exists, then one will be created. JVM command line arguments
+ * are obtained from the LIBHDFS_OPTS environment variable.
+ *
+ * Implementation note: we rely on POSIX thread-local storage (tls).
+ * This allows us to associate a destructor function with each thread, that
+ * will detach the thread from the Java VM when the thread terminates.  If we
+ * failt to do this, it will cause a memory leak.
+ *
+ * However, POSIX TLS is not the most efficient way to do things.  It requires a
+ * key to be initialized before it can be used.  Since we don't know if this key
+ * is initialized at the start of this function, we have to lock a mutex first
+ * and check.  Luckily, most operating systems support the more efficient
+ * __thread construct, which is initialized by the linker.
+ *
+ * @param: None.
+ * @return The JNIEnv* corresponding to the thread.
+ */
+JNIEnv* getJNIEnv(void)
+{
+    JNIEnv *env;
+    struct hdfsTls *tls;
+    int ret;
+
+#ifdef HAVE_BETTER_TLS
+    static __thread struct hdfsTls *quickTls = NULL;
+    if (quickTls)
+        return quickTls->env;
+#endif
+    pthread_mutex_lock(&jvmMutex);
+    if (!gTlsKeyInitialized) {
+        ret = pthread_key_create(&gTlsKey, hdfsThreadDestructor);
+        if (ret) {
+            pthread_mutex_unlock(&jvmMutex);
+            fprintf(stderr, "getJNIEnv: pthread_key_create failed with "
+                "error %d\n", ret);
+            return NULL;
+        }
+        gTlsKeyInitialized = 1;
+    }
+    tls = pthread_getspecific(gTlsKey);
+    if (tls) {
+        pthread_mutex_unlock(&jvmMutex);
+        return tls->env;
+    }
+
+    env = getGlobalJNIEnv();
+    pthread_mutex_unlock(&jvmMutex);
+    if (!env) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "getJNIEnv: getGlobalJNIEnv failed\n");
+        return NULL;
+    }
+    tls = calloc(1, sizeof(struct hdfsTls));
+    if (!tls) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "getJNIEnv: OOM allocating %zd bytes\n",
+                sizeof(struct hdfsTls));
+        return NULL;
+    }
+    tls->env = env;
+    ret = pthread_setspecific(gTlsKey, tls);
+    if (ret) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "getJNIEnv: pthread_setspecific failed with "
+            "error code %d\n", ret);
+        hdfsThreadDestructor(tls);
+        return NULL;
+    }
+#ifdef HAVE_BETTER_TLS
+    quickTls = tls;
+#endif
+    return env;
+}
+

hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/contrib/libwebhdfs/src/jni_helper.h

@@ -0,0 +1,122 @@
+/**
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#ifndef LIBHDFS_JNI_HELPER_H
+#define LIBHDFS_JNI_HELPER_H
+
+#include <jni.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <stdarg.h>
+#include <search.h>
+#include <pthread.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+
+#define PATH_SEPARATOR ':'
+
+
+/** Denote the method we want to invoke as STATIC or INSTANCE */
+typedef enum {
+    STATIC,
+    INSTANCE
+} MethType;
+
+/**
+ * Create a new malloc'ed C string from a Java string.
+ *
+ * @param env       The JNI environment
+ * @param jstr      The Java string
+ * @param out       (out param) the malloc'ed C string
+ *
+ * @return          NULL on success; the exception otherwise
+ */
+jthrowable newCStr(JNIEnv *env, jstring jstr, char **out);
+
+/**
+ * Create a new Java string from a C string.
+ *
+ * @param env       The JNI environment
+ * @param str       The C string
+ * @param out       (out param) the java string
+ *
+ * @return          NULL on success; the exception otherwise
+ */
+jthrowable newJavaStr(JNIEnv *env, const char *str, jstring *out);
+
+/**
+ * Helper function to destroy a local reference of java.lang.Object
+ * @param env: The JNIEnv pointer. 
+ * @param jFile: The local reference of java.lang.Object object
+ * @return None.
+ */
+void destroyLocalReference(JNIEnv *env, jobject jObject);
+
+/** invokeMethod: Invoke a Static or Instance method.
+ * className: Name of the class where the method can be found
+ * methName: Name of the method
+ * methSignature: the signature of the method "(arg-types)ret-type"
+ * methType: The type of the method (STATIC or INSTANCE)
+ * instObj: Required if the methType is INSTANCE. The object to invoke
+   the method on.
+ * env: The JNIEnv pointer
+ * retval: The pointer to a union type which will contain the result of the
+   method invocation, e.g. if the method returns an Object, retval will be
+   set to that, if the method returns boolean, retval will be set to the
+   value (JNI_TRUE or JNI_FALSE), etc.
+ * exc: If the methods throws any exception, this will contain the reference
+ * Arguments (the method arguments) must be passed after methSignature
+ * RETURNS: -1 on error and 0 on success. If -1 is returned, exc will have 
+   a valid exception reference, and the result stored at retval is undefined.
+ */
+jthrowable invokeMethod(JNIEnv *env, jvalue *retval, MethType methType,
+                 jobject instObj, const char *className, const char *methName, 
+                 const char *methSignature, ...);
+
+jthrowable constructNewObjectOfClass(JNIEnv *env, jobject *out, const char *className, 
+                                  const char *ctorSignature, ...);
+
+jthrowable methodIdFromClass(const char *className, const char *methName, 
+                            const char *methSignature, MethType methType, 
+                            JNIEnv *env, jmethodID *out);
+
+jthrowable globalClassReference(const char *className, JNIEnv *env, jclass *out);
+
+/** classNameOfObject: Get an object's class name.
+ * @param jobj: The object.
+ * @param env: The JNIEnv pointer.
+ * @param name: (out param) On success, will contain a string containing the
+ * class name. This string must be freed by the caller.
+ * @return NULL on success, or the exception
+ */
+jthrowable classNameOfObject(jobject jobj, JNIEnv *env, char **name);
+
+/** getJNIEnv: A helper function to get the JNIEnv* for the given thread.
+ * If no JVM exists, then one will be created. JVM command line arguments
+ * are obtained from the LIBHDFS_OPTS environment variable.
+ * @param: None.
+ * @return The JNIEnv* corresponding to the thread.
+ * */
+JNIEnv* getJNIEnv(void);
+
+#endif /*LIBHDFS_JNI_HELPER_H*/
+
+/**
+ * vim: ts=4: sw=4: et:
+ */
+

hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/contrib/libwebhdfs/src/test_libwebhdfs_multi_write.c

@@ -0,0 +1,180 @@
+/**
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include "expect.h"
+#include "webhdfs.h"
+
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <semaphore.h>
+#include <pthread.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include "hdfs_http_client.h"
+#include "hdfs_http_query.h"
+#include "hdfs_json_parser.h"
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <curl/curl.h>
+
+#define TLH_MAX_THREADS 100
+
+static sem_t *tlhSem;
+
+static const char *nn;
+static const char *user;
+static int port;
+
+static const char *fileName = "/tmp/tlhData";
+
+struct tlhThreadInfo {
+    /** Thread index */
+    int threadIdx;
+    /** 0 = thread was successful; error code otherwise */
+    int success;
+    /** pthread identifier */
+    pthread_t thread;
+};
+
+static int hdfsSingleNameNodeConnect(const char *nn, int port, const char *user, hdfsFS *fs)
+{
+    hdfsFS hdfs;
+    if (port < 0) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "hdfsSingleNameNodeConnect: nmdGetNameNodePort "
+                "returned error %d\n", port);
+        return port;
+    }
+    
+    hdfs = hdfsConnectAsUserNewInstance(nn, port, user);
+    if (!hdfs) {
+        return -errno;
+    }
+    *fs = hdfs;
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static int doTestHdfsOperations(struct tlhThreadInfo *ti, hdfsFS fs)
+{
+    hdfsFile file;
+    int ret = 0;
+    char buffer[1024 * (ti->threadIdx + 1)];
+    memset(buffer, 'a', sizeof(buffer));
+
+    file = hdfsOpenFile(fs, "/tmp/thread_test.txt", O_WRONLY, 0, 0, 0);
+    sleep(1);
+    hdfsCloseFile(fs, file);
+    return ret;
+}
+
+static void *testHdfsOperations(void *v)
+{
+    struct tlhThreadInfo *ti = (struct tlhThreadInfo*)v;
+    hdfsFS fs = NULL;
+    int ret;
+    
+    fprintf(stderr, "testHdfsOperations(threadIdx=%d): starting\n",
+            ti->threadIdx);
+    ret = hdfsSingleNameNodeConnect(nn, port, user, &fs);
+    if (ret) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "testHdfsOperations(threadIdx=%d): "
+                "hdfsSingleNameNodeConnect failed with error %d.\n",
+                ti->threadIdx, ret);
+        ti->success = EIO;
+        return NULL;
+    }
+    ti->success = doTestHdfsOperations(ti, fs);
+    if (hdfsDisconnect(fs)) {
+        ret = errno;
+        fprintf(stderr, "hdfsDisconnect error %d\n", ret);
+        ti->success = ret;
+    }
+    return NULL;
+}
+
+static int checkFailures(struct tlhThreadInfo *ti, int tlhNumThreads)
+{
+    int i, threadsFailed = 0;
+    const char *sep = "";
+    
+    for (i = 0; i < tlhNumThreads; i++) {
+        if (ti[i].success != 0) {
+            threadsFailed = 1;
+        }
+    }
+    if (!threadsFailed) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "testLibHdfs: all threads succeeded.  SUCCESS.\n");
+        return EXIT_SUCCESS;
+    }
+    fprintf(stderr, "testLibHdfs: some threads failed: [");
+    for (i = 0; i < tlhNumThreads; i++) {
+        if (ti[i].success != 0) {
+            fprintf(stderr, "%s%d", sep, i);
+            sep = ", ";
+        }
+    }
+    fprintf(stderr, "].  FAILURE.\n");
+    return EXIT_FAILURE;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Test that we can write a file with libhdfs and then read it back
+ */
+int main(int argc, const char *args[])
+{
+    if (argc != 4) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "usage: test_libhdfs_threaded <namenode> <port> <username>");
+        return -1;
+    }
+    
+    nn = args[1];
+    port = atoi(args[2]);
+    user = args[3];
+    
+    int i, tlhNumThreads;
+    const char *tlhNumThreadsStr;
+    struct tlhThreadInfo ti[TLH_MAX_THREADS];
+    
+    tlhNumThreadsStr = getenv("TLH_NUM_THREADS");
+    if (!tlhNumThreadsStr) {
+        tlhNumThreadsStr = "3";
+    }
+    tlhNumThreads = atoi(tlhNumThreadsStr);
+    if ((tlhNumThreads <= 0) || (tlhNumThreads > TLH_MAX_THREADS)) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "testLibHdfs: must have a number of threads "
+                "between 1 and %d inclusive, not %d\n",
+                TLH_MAX_THREADS, tlhNumThreads);
+        return EXIT_FAILURE;
+    }
+    memset(&ti[0], 0, sizeof(ti));
+    for (i = 0; i < tlhNumThreads; i++) {
+        ti[i].threadIdx = i;
+    }
+    
+    tlhSem = sem_open("sem", O_CREAT, 0644, tlhNumThreads);
+    
+    for (i = 0; i < tlhNumThreads; i++) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "\ncreating thread %d\n", i);
+        EXPECT_ZERO(pthread_create(&ti[i].thread, NULL,
+                                   testHdfsOperations, &ti[i]));
+    }
+    for (i = 0; i < tlhNumThreads; i++) {
+        EXPECT_ZERO(pthread_join(ti[i].thread, NULL));
+    }
+    
+    EXPECT_ZERO(sem_close(tlhSem));
+    return checkFailures(ti, tlhNumThreads);
+}

hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/contrib/libwebhdfs/src/test_libwebhdfs_ops.c

@@ -0,0 +1,504 @@
+/**
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include "webhdfs.h"
+
+#include <inttypes.h>
+#include <jni.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <time.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+
+void permission_disp(short permissions, char *rtr) {
+    rtr[9] = '\0';
+    int i;
+    for(i=2;i>=0;i--)
+    {
+        short permissionsId = permissions >> (i * 3) & (short)7;
+        char* perm;
+        switch(permissionsId) {
+            case 7:
+                perm = "rwx"; break;
+            case 6:
+                perm = "rw-"; break;
+            case 5:
+                perm = "r-x"; break;
+            case 4:
+                perm = "r--"; break;
+            case 3:
+                perm = "-wx"; break;
+            case 2:
+                perm = "-w-"; break;
+            case 1:
+                perm = "--x"; break;
+            case 0:
+                perm = "---"; break;
+            default:
+                perm = "???";
+        }
+        strncpy(rtr, perm, 3);
+        rtr+=3;
+    }
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char **argv) {
+    if (argc != 2) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "usage: test_libwebhdfs_ops <username>\n");
+        return -1;
+    }
+    
+    char buffer[32];
+    tSize num_written_bytes;
+    
+    hdfsFS fs = hdfsConnectAsUserNewInstance("default", 50070, argv[1]);
+    if(!fs) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "Oops! Failed to connect to hdfs!\n");
+        exit(-1);
+    }
+    
+    const char* writePath = "/tmp/testfile.txt";
+    const char* fileContents = "Hello, World!";
+    
+    {
+        //Write tests
+        
+        hdfsFile writeFile = hdfsOpenFile(fs, writePath, O_WRONLY|O_CREAT, 0, 0, 0);
+        if(!writeFile) {
+            fprintf(stderr, "Failed to open %s for writing!\n", writePath);
+            exit(-1);
+        }
+        fprintf(stderr, "Opened %s for writing successfully...\n", writePath);
+        num_written_bytes = hdfsWrite(fs, writeFile, (void*)fileContents, strlen(fileContents) + 1);
+        if (num_written_bytes != strlen(fileContents) + 1) {
+            fprintf(stderr, "Failed to write correct number of bytes - expected %d, got %d\n",
+                    (int)(strlen(fileContents) + 1), (int)num_written_bytes);
+            exit(-1);
+        }
+        fprintf(stderr, "Wrote %d bytes\n", num_written_bytes);
+        
+        tOffset currentPos = -1;
+        if ((currentPos = hdfsTell(fs, writeFile)) == -1) {
+            fprintf(stderr,
+                    "Failed to get current file position correctly! Got %lld!\n",
+                    currentPos);
+            exit(-1);
+        }
+        fprintf(stderr, "Current position: %lld\n", currentPos);
+        
+        if (hdfsFlush(fs, writeFile)) {
+            fprintf(stderr, "Failed to 'flush' %s\n", writePath);
+            exit(-1);
+        }
+        fprintf(stderr, "Flushed %s successfully!\n", writePath);
+        
+        if (hdfsHFlush(fs, writeFile)) {
+            fprintf(stderr, "Failed to 'hflush' %s\n", writePath);
+            exit(-1);
+        }
+        fprintf(stderr, "HFlushed %s successfully!\n", writePath);
+        
+        hdfsCloseFile(fs, writeFile);
+    }
+    
+    {
+        //Read tests
+        sleep(1);
+        const char* readPath = "/tmp/testfile.txt";
+        int exists = hdfsExists(fs, readPath);
+        
+        if (exists) {
+            fprintf(stderr, "Failed to validate existence of %s\n", readPath);
+            exists = hdfsExists(fs, readPath);
+            if (exists) {
+                fprintf(stderr, "Still failed to validate existence of %s\n", readPath);
+                exit(-1);
+            }
+        }
+        
+        hdfsFile readFile = hdfsOpenFile(fs, readPath, O_RDONLY, 0, 0, 0);
+        if (!readFile) {
+            fprintf(stderr, "Failed to open %s for reading!\n", readPath);
+            exit(-1);
+        }
+        
+        if (!hdfsFileIsOpenForRead(readFile)) {
+            fprintf(stderr, "hdfsFileIsOpenForRead: we just opened a file "
+                    "with O_RDONLY, and it did not show up as 'open for "
+                    "read'\n");
+            exit(-1);
+        }
+        
+        fprintf(stderr, "hdfsAvailable: %d\n", hdfsAvailable(fs, readFile));
+        
+        tOffset seekPos = 1;
+        if(hdfsSeek(fs, readFile, seekPos)) {
+            fprintf(stderr, "Failed to seek %s for reading!\n", readPath);
+            exit(-1);
+        }
+        
+        tOffset currentPos = -1;
+        if((currentPos = hdfsTell(fs, readFile)) != seekPos) {
+            fprintf(stderr,
+                    "Failed to get current file position correctly! Got %lld!\n",
+                    currentPos);
+            exit(-1);
+        }
+        fprintf(stderr, "Current position: %lld\n", currentPos);
+        
+        if (!hdfsFileUsesDirectRead(readFile)) {
+            fprintf(stderr, "Direct read support incorrectly not detected "
+                    "for HDFS filesystem\n");
+            exit(-1);
+        }
+        
+        fprintf(stderr, "Direct read support detected for HDFS\n");
+        
+        // Test the direct read path
+        if(hdfsSeek(fs, readFile, 0)) {
+            fprintf(stderr, "Failed to seek %s for reading!\n", readPath);
+            exit(-1);
+        }
+        memset(buffer, 0, sizeof(buffer));
+        tSize num_read_bytes = hdfsRead(fs, readFile, (void*)buffer,
+                                        sizeof(buffer));
+        if (strncmp(fileContents, buffer, strlen(fileContents)) != 0) {
+            fprintf(stderr, "Failed to read (direct). Expected %s but got %s (%d bytes)\n",
+                    fileContents, buffer, num_read_bytes);
+            exit(-1);
+        }
+        fprintf(stderr, "Read following %d bytes:\n%s\n",
+                num_read_bytes, buffer);
+        if (hdfsSeek(fs, readFile, 0L)) {
+            fprintf(stderr, "Failed to seek to file start!\n");
+            exit(-1);
+        }
+        
+        // Disable the direct read path so that we really go through the slow
+        // read path
+        hdfsFileDisableDirectRead(readFile);
+        
+        num_read_bytes = hdfsRead(fs, readFile, (void*)buffer,
+                                  sizeof(buffer));
+        fprintf(stderr, "Read following %d bytes:\n%s\n",
+                num_read_bytes, buffer);
+        
+        memset(buffer, 0, strlen(fileContents + 1));
+        
+        num_read_bytes = hdfsPread(fs, readFile, 0, (void*)buffer,
+                                   sizeof(buffer));
+        fprintf(stderr, "Read following %d bytes:\n%s\n",
+                num_read_bytes, buffer);
+        
+        hdfsCloseFile(fs, readFile);
+    }
+    
+    int totalResult = 0;
+    int result = 0;
+    {
+        //Generic file-system operations
+        
+        const char* srcPath = "/tmp/testfile.txt";
+        const char* dstPath = "/tmp/testfile2.txt";
+        const char* copyPath = "/tmp/testfile_copy.txt";
+        const char* movePath = "/tmp/testfile_move.txt";
+        
+        fprintf(stderr, "hdfsCopy: %s\n", ((result = hdfsCopy(fs, srcPath, fs, copyPath)) ? "Failed!" : "Success!"));
+        totalResult += result;
+        fprintf(stderr, "hdfsMove: %s\n", ((result = hdfsMove(fs, copyPath, fs, movePath)) ? "Failed!" : "Success!"));
+        totalResult += result;
+        
+        fprintf(stderr, "hdfsGetDefaultBlockSize: %lld\n", hdfsGetDefaultBlockSize(fs));
+        
+        fprintf(stderr, "hdfsRename: %s\n", ((result = hdfsRename(fs, srcPath, dstPath)) ? "Failed!" : "Success!"));
+        totalResult += result;
+        fprintf(stderr, "hdfsRename back: %s\n", ((result = hdfsRename(fs, dstPath, srcPath)) ? "Failed!" : "Success!"));
+        totalResult += result;
+        
+        const char* slashTmp = "/tmp";
+        const char* newDirectory = "/tmp/newdir";
+        fprintf(stderr, "hdfsCreateDirectory: %s\n", ((result = hdfsCreateDirectory(fs, newDirectory)) ? "Failed!" : "Success!"));
+        totalResult += result;
+        
+        fprintf(stderr, "hdfsSetReplication: %s\n", ((result = hdfsSetReplication(fs, srcPath, 1)) ? "Failed!" : "Success!"));
+        totalResult += result;
+        
+        char buffer[256];
+        const char *resp;
+        fprintf(stderr, "hdfsGetWorkingDirectory: %s\n", ((resp = hdfsGetWorkingDirectory(fs, buffer, sizeof(buffer))) ? buffer : "Failed!"));
+        totalResult += (resp ? 0 : 1);
+        fprintf(stderr, "hdfsSetWorkingDirectory: %s\n", ((result = hdfsSetWorkingDirectory(fs, slashTmp)) ? "Failed!" : "Success!"));
+        totalResult += result;
+        fprintf(stderr, "hdfsGetWorkingDirectory: %s\n", ((resp = hdfsGetWorkingDirectory(fs, buffer, sizeof(buffer))) ? buffer : "Failed!"));
+        totalResult += (resp ? 0 : 1);
+        
+        hdfsFileInfo *fileInfo = NULL;
+        if((fileInfo = hdfsGetPathInfo(fs, slashTmp)) != NULL) {
+            fprintf(stderr, "hdfsGetPathInfo - SUCCESS!\n");
+            fprintf(stderr, "Name: %s, ", fileInfo->mName);
+            fprintf(stderr, "Type: %c, ", (char)(fileInfo->mKind));
+            fprintf(stderr, "Replication: %d, ", fileInfo->mReplication);
+            fprintf(stderr, "BlockSize: %lld, ", fileInfo->mBlockSize);
+            fprintf(stderr, "Size: %lld, ", fileInfo->mSize);
+            fprintf(stderr, "LastMod: %s", ctime(&fileInfo->mLastMod));
+            fprintf(stderr, "Owner: %s, ", fileInfo->mOwner);
+            fprintf(stderr, "Group: %s, ", fileInfo->mGroup);
+            char permissions[10];
+            permission_disp(fileInfo->mPermissions, permissions);
+            fprintf(stderr, "Permissions: %d (%s)\n", fileInfo->mPermissions, permissions);
+            hdfsFreeFileInfo(fileInfo, 1);
+        } else {
+            totalResult++;
+            fprintf(stderr, "waah! hdfsGetPathInfo for %s - FAILED!\n", slashTmp);
+        }
+        
+        hdfsFileInfo *fileList = 0;
+        int numEntries = 0;
+        if((fileList = hdfsListDirectory(fs, slashTmp, &numEntries)) != NULL) {
+            int i = 0;
+            for(i=0; i < numEntries; ++i) {
+                fprintf(stderr, "Name: %s, ", fileList[i].mName);
+                fprintf(stderr, "Type: %c, ", (char)fileList[i].mKind);
+                fprintf(stderr, "Replication: %d, ", fileList[i].mReplication);
+                fprintf(stderr, "BlockSize: %lld, ", fileList[i].mBlockSize);
+                fprintf(stderr, "Size: %lld, ", fileList[i].mSize);
+                fprintf(stderr, "LastMod: %s", ctime(&fileList[i].mLastMod));
+                fprintf(stderr, "Owner: %s, ", fileList[i].mOwner);
+                fprintf(stderr, "Group: %s, ", fileList[i].mGroup);
+                char permissions[10];
+                permission_disp(fileList[i].mPermissions, permissions);
+                fprintf(stderr, "Permissions: %d (%s)\n", fileList[i].mPermissions, permissions);
+            }
+            hdfsFreeFileInfo(fileList, numEntries);
+        } else {
+            if (errno) {
+                totalResult++;
+                fprintf(stderr, "waah! hdfsListDirectory - FAILED!\n");
+            } else {
+                fprintf(stderr, "Empty directory!\n");
+            }
+        }
+        
+        //        char*** hosts = hdfsGetHosts(fs, srcPath, 0, 1);
+        //        if(hosts) {
+        //            fprintf(stderr, "hdfsGetHosts - SUCCESS! ... \n");
+        //            int i=0;
+        //            while(hosts[i]) {
+        //                int j = 0;
+        //                while(hosts[i][j]) {
+        //                    fprintf(stderr,
+        //                            "\thosts[%d][%d] - %s\n", i, j, hosts[i][j]);
+        //                    ++j;
+        //                }
+        //                ++i;
+        //            }
+        //        } else {
+        //            totalResult++;
+        //            fprintf(stderr, "waah! hdfsGetHosts - FAILED!\n");
+        //        }
+        
+        char *newOwner = "root";
+        // setting tmp dir to 777 so later when connectAsUser nobody, we can write to it
+        short newPerm = 0666;
+        
+        // chown write
+        fprintf(stderr, "hdfsChown: %s\n", ((result = hdfsChown(fs, writePath, NULL, "users")) ? "Failed!" : "Success!"));
+        totalResult += result;
+        fprintf(stderr, "hdfsChown: %s\n", ((result = hdfsChown(fs, writePath, newOwner, NULL)) ? "Failed!" : "Success!"));
+        totalResult += result;
+        // chmod write
+        fprintf(stderr, "hdfsChmod: %s\n", ((result = hdfsChmod(fs, writePath, newPerm)) ? "Failed!" : "Success!"));
+        totalResult += result;
+        
+        
+        
+        sleep(2);
+        tTime newMtime = time(NULL);
+        tTime newAtime = time(NULL);
+        
+        // utime write
+        fprintf(stderr, "hdfsUtime: %s\n", ((result = hdfsUtime(fs, writePath, newMtime, newAtime)) ? "Failed!" : "Success!"));
+        
+        totalResult += result;
+        
+        // chown/chmod/utime read
+        hdfsFileInfo *finfo = hdfsGetPathInfo(fs, writePath);
+        
+        fprintf(stderr, "hdfsChown read: %s\n", ((result = (strcmp(finfo->mOwner, newOwner) != 0)) ? "Failed!" : "Success!"));
+        totalResult += result;
+        
+        fprintf(stderr, "hdfsChmod read: %s\n", ((result = (finfo->mPermissions != newPerm)) ? "Failed!" : "Success!"));
+        totalResult += result;
+        
+        // will later use /tmp/ as a different user so enable it
+        fprintf(stderr, "hdfsChmod: %s\n", ((result = hdfsChmod(fs, "/tmp/", 0777)) ? "Failed!" : "Success!"));
+        totalResult += result;
+        
+        fprintf(stderr,"newMTime=%ld\n",newMtime);
+        fprintf(stderr,"curMTime=%ld\n",finfo->mLastMod);
+        
+        
+        fprintf(stderr, "hdfsUtime read (mtime): %s\n", ((result = (finfo->mLastMod != newMtime / 1000)) ? "Failed!" : "Success!"));
+        totalResult += result;
+        
+        hdfsFreeFileInfo(finfo, 1);
+        
+        // Clean up
+        fprintf(stderr, "hdfsDelete: %s\n", ((result = hdfsDelete(fs, newDirectory, 1)) ? "Failed!" : "Success!"));
+        totalResult += result;
+        fprintf(stderr, "hdfsDelete: %s\n", ((result = hdfsDelete(fs, srcPath, 1)) ? "Failed!" : "Success!"));
+        totalResult += result;
+//        fprintf(stderr, "hdfsDelete: %s\n", ((result = hdfsDelete(fs, movePath, 1)) ? "Failed!" : "Success!"));
+//        totalResult += result;
+        fprintf(stderr, "hdfsExists: %s\n", ((result = hdfsExists(fs, newDirectory)) ? "Success!" : "Failed!"));
+        totalResult += (result ? 0 : 1);
+    }
+    
+    {
+        // TEST APPENDS
+        const char *writePath = "/tmp/appends";
+        
+        // CREATE
+        hdfsFile writeFile = hdfsOpenFile(fs, writePath, O_WRONLY, 0, 0, 0);
+        if(!writeFile) {
+            fprintf(stderr, "Failed to open %s for writing!\n", writePath);
+            exit(-1);
+        }
+        fprintf(stderr, "Opened %s for writing successfully...\n", writePath);
+        
+        const char* buffer = "Hello,";
+        tSize num_written_bytes = hdfsWrite(fs, writeFile, (void*)buffer, strlen(buffer));
+        fprintf(stderr, "Wrote %d bytes\n", num_written_bytes);
+        
+        if (hdfsFlush(fs, writeFile)) {
+            fprintf(stderr, "Failed to 'flush' %s\n", writePath);
+            exit(-1);
+        }
+        fprintf(stderr, "Flushed %s successfully!\n", writePath);
+        
+        hdfsCloseFile(fs, writeFile);
+        
+        fprintf(stderr, "hdfsSetReplication: %s\n", ((result = hdfsSetReplication(fs, writePath, 1)) ? "Failed!" : "Success!"));
+        totalResult += result;
+        
+        // RE-OPEN
+        writeFile = hdfsOpenFile(fs, writePath, O_WRONLY|O_APPEND, 0, 0, 0);
+        if(!writeFile) {
+            fprintf(stderr, "Failed to open %s for writing!\n", writePath);
+            exit(-1);
+        }
+        fprintf(stderr, "Opened %s for appending successfully...\n", writePath);
+        
+        buffer = " World";
+        num_written_bytes = hdfsWrite(fs, writeFile, (void*)buffer, strlen(buffer) + 1);
+        fprintf(stderr, "Wrote %d bytes\n", num_written_bytes);
+        
+        if (hdfsFlush(fs, writeFile)) {
+            fprintf(stderr, "Failed to 'flush' %s\n", writePath);
+            exit(-1);
+        }
+        fprintf(stderr, "Flushed %s successfully!\n", writePath);
+        
+        hdfsCloseFile(fs, writeFile);
+
+        // CHECK size
+        hdfsFileInfo *finfo = hdfsGetPathInfo(fs, writePath);
+        fprintf(stderr, "fileinfo->mSize: == total %s\n", ((result = (finfo->mSize == strlen("Hello, World") + 1)) ? "Success!" : "Failed!"));
+        totalResult += (result ? 0 : 1);
+        
+        // READ and check data
+        hdfsFile readFile = hdfsOpenFile(fs, writePath, O_RDONLY, 0, 0, 0);
+        if (!readFile) {
+            fprintf(stderr, "Failed to open %s for reading!\n", writePath);
+            exit(-1);
+        }
+        
+        char rdbuffer[32];
+        tSize num_read_bytes = hdfsRead(fs, readFile, (void*)rdbuffer, sizeof(rdbuffer));
+        fprintf(stderr, "Read following %d bytes:\n%s\n",
+                num_read_bytes, rdbuffer);
+        
+        fprintf(stderr, "read == Hello, World %s\n", (result = (strcmp(rdbuffer, "Hello, World") == 0)) ? "Success!" : "Failed!");
+        
+        hdfsCloseFile(fs, readFile);
+        
+        // DONE test appends
+    }
+    
+    
+    totalResult += (hdfsDisconnect(fs) != 0);
+    
+    {
+        //
+        // Now test as connecting as a specific user
+        // This is only meant to test that we connected as that user, not to test
+        // the actual fs user capabilities. Thus just create a file and read
+        // the owner is correct.
+        
+        const char *tuser = "nobody";
+        const char* writePath = "/tmp/usertestfile.txt";
+        
+        fs = hdfsConnectAsUserNewInstance("default", 50070, tuser);
+        if(!fs) {
+            fprintf(stderr, "Oops! Failed to connect to hdfs as user %s!\n",tuser);
+            exit(-1);
+        }
+        
+        hdfsFile writeFile = hdfsOpenFile(fs, writePath, O_WRONLY|O_CREAT, 0, 0, 0);
+        if(!writeFile) {
+            fprintf(stderr, "Failed to open %s for writing!\n", writePath);
+            exit(-1);
+        }
+        fprintf(stderr, "Opened %s for writing successfully...\n", writePath);
+        
+        char* buffer = "Hello, World!";
+        tSize num_written_bytes = hdfsWrite(fs, writeFile, (void*)buffer, strlen(buffer)+1);
+        fprintf(stderr, "Wrote %d bytes\n", num_written_bytes);
+        
+        if (hdfsFlush(fs, writeFile)) {
+            fprintf(stderr, "Failed to 'flush' %s\n", writePath);
+            exit(-1);
+        }
+        fprintf(stderr, "Flushed %s successfully!\n", writePath);
+        
+        hdfsCloseFile(fs, writeFile);
+        
+        hdfsFileInfo *finfo = hdfsGetPathInfo(fs, writePath);
+        if (finfo) {
+            fprintf(stderr, "hdfs new file user is correct: %s\n", ((result = (strcmp(finfo->mOwner, tuser) != 0)) ? "Failed!" : "Success!"));
+        } else {
+            fprintf(stderr, "hdfsFileInfo returned by hdfsGetPathInfo is NULL\n");
+            result = -1;
+        }
+        totalResult += result;
+    }
+    
+    totalResult += (hdfsDisconnect(fs) != 0);
+    fprintf(stderr, "totalResult == %d\n", totalResult);
+    
+    if (totalResult != 0) {
+        return -1;
+    } else {
+        return 0;
+    }
+}
+
+/**
+ * vim: ts=4: sw=4: et:
+ */

hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/contrib/libwebhdfs/src/test_libwebhdfs_read.c

@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+/**
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include "webhdfs.h"
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+
+int main(int argc, char **argv) {
+    
+    if (argc != 4) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "Usage: hdfs_read <filename> <filesize> <buffersize>\n");
+        exit(-1);
+    }
+    
+    hdfsFS fs = hdfsConnect("0.0.0.0", 50070);
+    if (!fs) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "Oops! Failed to connect to hdfs!\n");
+        exit(-1);
+    }
+    
+    const char* rfile = argv[1];
+    tSize fileTotalSize = strtoul(argv[2], NULL, 10);
+    tSize bufferSize = strtoul(argv[3], NULL, 10);
+    
+    hdfsFile readFile = hdfsOpenFile(fs, rfile, O_RDONLY, bufferSize, 0, 0);
+    if (!readFile) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "Failed to open %s for writing!\n", rfile);
+        exit(-2);
+    }
+    
+    // data to be written to the file
+    char* buffer = malloc(sizeof(char) * bufferSize);
+    if(buffer == NULL) {
+        return -2;
+    }
+    
+    // read from the file
+    tSize curSize = bufferSize;
+    tSize totalReadSize = 0;
+    for (; (curSize = hdfsRead(fs, readFile, (void*)buffer, bufferSize)) == bufferSize ;) {
+        totalReadSize += curSize;
+    }
+    totalReadSize += curSize;
+    
+    fprintf(stderr, "size of the file: %d; reading size: %d\n", fileTotalSize, totalReadSize);
+    
+    free(buffer);
+    hdfsCloseFile(fs, readFile);
+    hdfsDisconnect(fs);
+    
+    return 0;
+}
+
+/**
+ * vim: ts=4: sw=4: et:
+ */
+

hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/contrib/libwebhdfs/src/test_libwebhdfs_threaded.c

@@ -0,0 +1,225 @@
+/**
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include "expect.h"
+#include "webhdfs.h"
+
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <semaphore.h>
+#include <pthread.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+
+#define TLH_MAX_THREADS 100
+
+static sem_t *tlhSem;
+
+static const char *nn;
+static const char *user;
+static int port;
+
+struct tlhThreadInfo {
+    /** Thread index */
+    int threadIdx;
+    /** 0 = thread was successful; error code otherwise */
+    int success;
+    /** pthread identifier */
+    pthread_t thread;
+};
+
+static int hdfsSingleNameNodeConnect(const char *nn, int port, const char *user, hdfsFS *fs)
+{
+    hdfsFS hdfs;
+    if (port < 0) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "hdfsSingleNameNodeConnect: nmdGetNameNodePort "
+                "returned error %d\n", port);
+        return port;
+    }
+    
+    hdfs = hdfsConnectAsUserNewInstance(nn, port, user);
+    if (!hdfs) {
+        return -errno;
+    }
+    *fs = hdfs;
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static int doTestHdfsOperations(struct tlhThreadInfo *ti, hdfsFS fs)
+{
+    char prefix[256], tmp[256];
+    hdfsFile file;
+    int ret, expected;
+    
+    snprintf(prefix, sizeof(prefix), "/tlhData%04d", ti->threadIdx);
+    
+    if (hdfsExists(fs, prefix) == 0) {
+        EXPECT_ZERO(hdfsDelete(fs, prefix, 1));
+    }
+    EXPECT_ZERO(hdfsCreateDirectory(fs, prefix));
+    snprintf(tmp, sizeof(tmp), "%s/file", prefix);
+    
+    /*
+     * Although there should not be any file to open for reading,
+     * the right now implementation only construct a local
+     * information struct when opening file
+     */
+    EXPECT_NONNULL(hdfsOpenFile(fs, tmp, O_RDONLY, 0, 0, 0));
+    
+    file = hdfsOpenFile(fs, tmp, O_WRONLY, 0, 0, 0);
+    EXPECT_NONNULL(file);
+    
+    /* TODO: implement writeFully and use it here */
+    expected = strlen(prefix);
+    ret = hdfsWrite(fs, file, prefix, expected);
+    if (ret < 0) {
+        ret = errno;
+        fprintf(stderr, "hdfsWrite failed and set errno %d\n", ret);
+        return ret;
+    }
+    if (ret != expected) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "hdfsWrite was supposed to write %d bytes, but "
+                "it wrote %d\n", ret, expected);
+        return EIO;
+    }
+    EXPECT_ZERO(hdfsFlush(fs, file));
+    EXPECT_ZERO(hdfsCloseFile(fs, file));
+    
+    /* Let's re-open the file for reading */
+    file = hdfsOpenFile(fs, tmp, O_RDONLY, 0, 0, 0);
+    EXPECT_NONNULL(file);
+    
+    /* TODO: implement readFully and use it here */
+    ret = hdfsRead(fs, file, tmp, sizeof(tmp));
+    if (ret < 0) {
+        ret = errno;
+        fprintf(stderr, "hdfsRead failed and set errno %d\n", ret);
+        return ret;
+    }
+    if (ret != expected) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "hdfsRead was supposed to read %d bytes, but "
+                "it read %d\n", ret, expected);
+        return EIO;
+    }
+    EXPECT_ZERO(memcmp(prefix, tmp, expected));
+    EXPECT_ZERO(hdfsCloseFile(fs, file));
+    
+    // TODO: Non-recursive delete should fail?
+    //EXPECT_NONZERO(hdfsDelete(fs, prefix, 0));
+    
+    EXPECT_ZERO(hdfsDelete(fs, prefix, 1));
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static void *testHdfsOperations(void *v)
+{
+    struct tlhThreadInfo *ti = (struct tlhThreadInfo*)v;
+    hdfsFS fs = NULL;
+    int ret;
+    
+    fprintf(stderr, "testHdfsOperations(threadIdx=%d): starting\n",
+            ti->threadIdx);
+    ret = hdfsSingleNameNodeConnect(nn, port, user, &fs);
+    if (ret) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "testHdfsOperations(threadIdx=%d): "
+                "hdfsSingleNameNodeConnect failed with error %d.\n",
+                ti->threadIdx, ret);
+        ti->success = EIO;
+        return NULL;
+    }
+    ti->success = doTestHdfsOperations(ti, fs);
+    if (hdfsDisconnect(fs)) {
+        ret = errno;
+        fprintf(stderr, "hdfsDisconnect error %d\n", ret);
+        ti->success = ret;
+    }
+    return NULL;
+}
+
+static int checkFailures(struct tlhThreadInfo *ti, int tlhNumThreads)
+{
+    int i, threadsFailed = 0;
+    const char *sep = "";
+    
+    for (i = 0; i < tlhNumThreads; i++) {
+        if (ti[i].success != 0) {
+            threadsFailed = 1;
+        }
+    }
+    if (!threadsFailed) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "testLibHdfs: all threads succeeded.  SUCCESS.\n");
+        return EXIT_SUCCESS;
+    }
+    fprintf(stderr, "testLibHdfs: some threads failed: [");
+    for (i = 0; i < tlhNumThreads; i++) {
+        if (ti[i].success != 0) {
+            fprintf(stderr, "%s%d", sep, i);
+            sep = ", ";
+        }
+    }
+    fprintf(stderr, "].  FAILURE.\n");
+    return EXIT_FAILURE;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Test that we can write a file with libhdfs and then read it back
+ */
+int main(int argc, const char *args[])
+{
+    if (argc != 4) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "usage: test_libhdfs_threaded <namenode> <port> <username>");
+        return -1;
+    }
+    
+    nn = args[1];
+    port = atoi(args[2]);
+    user = args[3];
+    
+    int i, tlhNumThreads;
+    const char *tlhNumThreadsStr;
+    struct tlhThreadInfo ti[TLH_MAX_THREADS];
+    
+    tlhNumThreadsStr = getenv("TLH_NUM_THREADS");
+    if (!tlhNumThreadsStr) {
+        tlhNumThreadsStr = "3";
+    }
+    tlhNumThreads = atoi(tlhNumThreadsStr);
+    if ((tlhNumThreads <= 0) || (tlhNumThreads > TLH_MAX_THREADS)) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "testLibHdfs: must have a number of threads "
+                "between 1 and %d inclusive, not %d\n",
+                TLH_MAX_THREADS, tlhNumThreads);
+        return EXIT_FAILURE;
+    }
+    memset(&ti[0], 0, sizeof(ti));
+    for (i = 0; i < tlhNumThreads; i++) {
+        ti[i].threadIdx = i;
+    }
+    
+//    tlhSem = sem_open("sem", O_CREAT, 0644, tlhNumThreads);
+    
+    for (i = 0; i < tlhNumThreads; i++) {
+        EXPECT_ZERO(pthread_create(&ti[i].thread, NULL,
+                                   testHdfsOperations, &ti[i]));
+    }
+    for (i = 0; i < tlhNumThreads; i++) {
+        EXPECT_ZERO(pthread_join(ti[i].thread, NULL));
+    }
+    
+//    EXPECT_ZERO(sem_close(tlhSem));
+    return checkFailures(ti, tlhNumThreads);
+}

hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/contrib/libwebhdfs/src/test_libwebhdfs_write.c

@@ -0,0 +1,118 @@
+/**
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include "webhdfs.h"
+
+#include <limits.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+
+int main(int argc, char **argv) {
+    
+    if (argc != 6) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "Usage: hdfs_write <filename> <filesize> <buffersize> <username> <append>\n");
+        exit(-1);
+    }
+    
+    hdfsFS fs = hdfsConnectAsUser("0.0.0.0", 50070, argv[4]);
+    if (!fs) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "Oops! Failed to connect to hdfs!\n");
+        exit(-1);
+    }
+    
+    const char* writeFileName = argv[1];
+    off_t fileTotalSize = strtoul(argv[2], NULL, 10);
+    long long tmpBufferSize = strtoul(argv[3], NULL, 10);
+    
+    // sanity check
+    if(fileTotalSize == ULONG_MAX && errno == ERANGE) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "invalid file size %s - must be <= %lu\n", argv[2], ULONG_MAX);
+        exit(-3);
+    }
+    
+    // currently libhdfs writes are of tSize which is int32
+    if(tmpBufferSize > INT_MAX) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "invalid buffer size libhdfs API write chunks must be <= %d\n",INT_MAX);
+        exit(-3);
+    }
+    
+    tSize bufferSize = tmpBufferSize;
+    
+    hdfsFile writeFile = NULL;
+    int append = atoi(argv[5]);
+    if (!append) {
+        writeFile = hdfsOpenFile(fs, writeFileName, O_WRONLY, bufferSize, 2, 0);
+    } else {
+        writeFile = hdfsOpenFile(fs, writeFileName, O_WRONLY | O_APPEND, bufferSize, 2, 0);
+    }
+    if (!writeFile) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "Failed to open %s for writing!\n", writeFileName);
+        exit(-2);
+    }
+    
+    // data to be written to the file
+    char* buffer = malloc(sizeof(char) * bufferSize + 1);
+    if(buffer == NULL) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "Could not allocate buffer of size %d\n", bufferSize);
+        return -2;
+    }
+    int i = 0;
+    for (i=0; i < bufferSize; ++i) {
+        buffer[i] = 'a' + (i%26);
+    }
+    buffer[bufferSize] = '\0';
+
+    size_t totalWriteSize = 0;
+    for (; totalWriteSize < fileTotalSize; ) {
+        tSize toWrite = bufferSize < (fileTotalSize - totalWriteSize) ? bufferSize : (fileTotalSize - totalWriteSize);
+        size_t written = hdfsWrite(fs, writeFile, (void*)buffer, toWrite);
+        fprintf(stderr, "written size %ld, to write size %d\n", written, toWrite);
+        totalWriteSize += written;
+        //sleep(1);
+    }
+    
+    free(buffer);
+    hdfsCloseFile(fs, writeFile);
+    
+    fprintf(stderr, "file total size: %lld, total write size: %ld\n", fileTotalSize, totalWriteSize);
+    
+    hdfsFile readFile = hdfsOpenFile(fs, writeFileName, O_RDONLY, 0, 0, 0);
+    //sleep(1);
+    fprintf(stderr, "hdfsAvailable: %d\n", hdfsAvailable(fs, readFile));
+    
+    hdfsFile writeFile2 = hdfsOpenFile(fs, writeFileName, O_WRONLY | O_APPEND, 0, 2, 0);
+    fprintf(stderr, "Opened %s for writing successfully...\n", writeFileName);
+    const char *content = "Hello, World!";
+    size_t num_written_bytes = hdfsWrite(fs, writeFile2, content, strlen(content) + 1);
+    if (num_written_bytes != strlen(content) + 1) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "Failed to write correct number of bytes - expected %d, got %d\n",
+                                    (int)(strlen(content) + 1), (int)num_written_bytes);
+        exit(-1);
+    }
+    fprintf(stderr, "Wrote %zd bytes\n", num_written_bytes);
+    
+    hdfsDisconnect(fs);
+    
+    return 0;
+}
+
+/**
+ * vim: ts=4: sw=4: et:
+ */
+

hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/contrib/libwebhdfs/src/test_read_bm.c

@@ -0,0 +1,110 @@
+#include <time.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <sys/time.h>
+#include "webhdfs.h"
+
+#ifdef __MACH__
+#include <mach/clock.h>
+#include <mach/mach.h>
+#endif
+
+void current_utc_time(struct timespec *ts) {
+#ifdef __MACH__ // OS X does not have clock_gettime, use clock_get_time
+    clock_serv_t cclock;
+    mach_timespec_t mts;
+    host_get_clock_service(mach_host_self(), CALENDAR_CLOCK, &cclock);
+    clock_get_time(cclock, &mts);
+    mach_port_deallocate(mach_task_self(), cclock);
+    ts->tv_sec = mts.tv_sec;
+    ts->tv_nsec = mts.tv_nsec;
+#else
+    clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME, ts);
+#endif
+    
+}
+
+long get_time() {
+    struct timespec tp;
+    current_utc_time(&tp);
+    return (long)((tp.tv_sec * 1000000000) + tp.tv_nsec);
+}
+
+#define SIZE 512*1024*1024
+#define READ_SIZE 512*1024*1024
+#define DISCARD_COUNT 5
+
+int main(int argc, char** argv) {
+    if (argc != 4) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "Usage: test_read_bm <namenode> <user_name> <iteration_number>\n");
+        exit(0);
+    }
+    
+    hdfsFS fs = hdfsConnectAsUser(argv[1], 50070, argv[2]);
+    
+    /* printf("File is null: %d\n", file == NULL ? 1 : 0); */
+    
+    char *buf = (char *) malloc(sizeof(unsigned char) * SIZE);
+    
+    printf("Read size: %d\n", READ_SIZE);
+    
+    int iterations = atoi(argv[3]);
+    
+    if (iterations <= DISCARD_COUNT) {
+        printf("Iterations should be at least %d\n", DISCARD_COUNT + 1);
+        exit(0);
+    }
+    
+    printf("Running %d iterations\n", iterations);
+    float time_total;
+    float max = 0.f;
+    float min = 999999999999999.f;
+    
+    printf("Start...\n");
+    int i;
+    for (i=0; i<iterations; ++i) {
+        long start = get_time();
+        hdfsFile file = hdfsOpenFile(fs, "/tmp/512_mb.txt", O_RDONLY, 0, 0, 0);
+        int n = 0;
+        
+        while (n < SIZE) {
+            int nread = hdfsRead(fs, file, buf + n, READ_SIZE);
+            if (nread <= 0) {
+                printf("EOF before finished, read %d bytes\n", n);
+                hdfsDisconnect(fs);
+                return 0;
+            }
+            n += nread;
+            printf("Read %d kilobytes\n", nread / 1024);
+        }
+        
+        long end = get_time();
+        printf("Read %d bytes, hoping for %d.\n", n, SIZE);
+        long elapsed = (end - start);
+        printf("Start: %lu, end: %lu\n", start, end);
+        float time = elapsed / (1000000000.0f);
+        printf ("Took %2.6fs\n", time);
+        printf("Throughput: %2.2fMB/s\n", SIZE * 1.0f / (1024 * 1024 * time));
+        if (i >= DISCARD_COUNT) {
+            time_total += time;
+            if (time < min) {
+                min = time;
+            }
+            if (time > max) {
+                max = time;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    hdfsDisconnect(fs);
+    printf("------\n");
+    printf("Average time: %2.2fs\n", time_total / (iterations - DISCARD_COUNT));
+    printf("Max. time: %2.2f, min. time: %2.2f\n", max, min);
+    float maxt = SIZE * 1.f / (1024 * 1024 * max);
+    float mint = SIZE * 1.f / (1024 * 1024 * min);
+    printf("Average throughput: %2.2fMB/s\n", 1.f * SIZE * (iterations - DISCARD_COUNT) / (1024 * 1024 * time_total));
+    printf("Max. throughput: %2.2f, min. throughput: %2.2f\n", maxt, mint);
+    
+    //  printf("File contents: %d\n", buf[0]);
+    return 0;
+}
+

hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/contrib/libwebhdfs/src/webhdfs.h

@@ -0,0 +1,694 @@
+/**
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#ifndef LIB_WEBHDFS_H
+#define LIB_WEBHDFS_H
+
+#include <errno.h> /* for EINTERNAL, etc. */
+#include <fcntl.h> /* for O_RDONLY, O_WRONLY */
+#include <stdint.h> /* for uint64_t, etc. */
+#include <time.h> /* for time_t */
+#include <pthread.h>
+
+#ifndef O_RDONLY
+#define O_RDONLY 1
+#endif
+
+#ifndef O_WRONLY
+#define O_WRONLY 2
+#endif
+
+#ifndef EINTERNAL
+#define EINTERNAL 255
+#endif
+
+/** All APIs set errno to meaningful values */
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern  "C" {
+#endif
+    /**
+     * Some utility decls used in libhdfs.
+     */
+    typedef int32_t   tSize; /// size of data for read/write io ops
+    typedef time_t    tTime; /// time type in seconds
+    typedef int64_t   tOffset;/// offset within the file
+    typedef uint16_t  tPort; /// port
+    
+    /**
+     * The information required for accessing webhdfs,
+     * including the network address of the namenode and the user name
+     */
+    struct hdfsBuilder {
+        int forceNewInstance;
+        const char *nn;
+        const char *nn_jni;
+        tPort port;
+        const char *kerbTicketCachePath;
+        const char *userName;
+        /*
+         * This is a new attribute compared to libhdfs.
+         * We maintain a local workingDir for constructing absolute path
+         */
+        char *workingDir;
+    };
+    
+    typedef enum tObjectKind {
+        kObjectKindFile = 'F',
+        kObjectKindDirectory = 'D',
+    } tObjectKind;
+    
+    /**
+     * For libhdfs based on JNI, this is used as
+     * the C reflection of org.apache.org.hadoop.FileSystem .
+     * In the current libwebhdfs based on webhdfs,
+     * this is actually hdfsBuilder which contains
+     * the network address of the namenode and the user name
+     */
+    struct hdfs_internal;
+    typedef struct hdfs_internal* hdfsFS;
+    
+    /**
+     * The C equivalent of org.apache.org.hadoop.FSData(Input|Output)Stream .
+     */
+    enum hdfsStreamType
+    {
+        UNINITIALIZED = 0,
+        INPUT = 1,
+        OUTPUT = 2,
+    };
+    
+    /**
+     * The 'file-handle' to a file in hdfs.
+     */
+    struct hdfsFile_internal {
+        void* file;
+        enum hdfsStreamType type;
+        int flags;
+        tOffset offset;
+    };
+    typedef struct hdfsFile_internal* hdfsFile;
+    
+    /**
+     * hdfsFileInfo - Information about a file/directory.
+     */
+    typedef struct  {
+        tObjectKind mKind;   /* file or directory */
+        char *mName;         /* the name of the file */
+        tTime mLastMod;      /* the last modification time for the file in seconds */
+        tOffset mSize;       /* the size of the file in bytes */
+        short mReplication;    /* the count of replicas */
+        tOffset mBlockSize;  /* the block size for the file */
+        char *mOwner;        /* the owner of the file */
+        char *mGroup;        /* the group associated with the file */
+        short mPermissions;  /* the permissions associated with the file */
+        tTime mLastAccess;    /* the last access time for the file in seconds */
+    } hdfsFileInfo;
+    
+    /**
+     * webhdfsBuffer - used for hold the data for read/write from/to http connection
+     */
+    typedef struct {
+        const char *wbuffer;      /* the user's buffer for uploading */
+        size_t remaining;         /* length of content */
+        size_t offset;            /* offset for reading */
+        int openFlag;             /* check whether the hdfsOpenFile has been called before */
+        int closeFlag;      /* whether to close the http connection for writing */
+        pthread_mutex_t writeMutex;    // used for syschronization between the curl thread and the hdfsWrite thread
+        pthread_cond_t newwrite_or_close;   // transferring thread waits for this condition
+                                       // when there is no more content for transferring in the buffer
+        pthread_cond_t transfer_finish; // condition used to indicate finishing transferring (one buffer)
+    } webhdfsBuffer;
+    
+    struct webhdfsFileHandle {
+        char *absPath;
+        int bufferSize;
+        short replication;
+        tSize blockSize;
+        char *datanode;
+        webhdfsBuffer *uploadBuffer;
+        pthread_t connThread;
+    };
+    
+    // Bit fields for hdfsFile_internal flags
+#define HDFS_FILE_SUPPORTS_DIRECT_READ (1<<0)
+    
+    /**
+     * Determine if a file is open for read.
+     *
+     * @param file     The HDFS file
+     * @return         1 if the file is open for read; 0 otherwise
+     */
+    int hdfsFileIsOpenForRead(hdfsFile file);
+    
+    /**
+     * Determine if a file is open for write.
+     *
+     * @param file     The HDFS file
+     * @return         1 if the file is open for write; 0 otherwise
+     */
+    int hdfsFileIsOpenForWrite(hdfsFile file);
+    
+    /**
+     * Disable the direct read optimization for a file in libhdfs.
+     * This is mainly provided for unit testing purposes.
+     * No longer useful in libwebhdfs since libwebhdfs is based on webhdfs.
+     *
+     * @param file     The HDFS file
+     */
+    void hdfsFileDisableDirectRead(hdfsFile file);
+    
+    /**
+     * hdfsConnectAsUser - Connect to a hdfs file system as a specific user
+     * Connect to the hdfs.
+     * @param nn   The NameNode.  See hdfsBuilderSetNameNode for details.
+     * @param port The port on which the server is listening.
+     * @param user the user name (this is hadoop domain user). Or NULL is equivelant to hhdfsConnect(host, port)
+     * @return Returns a handle to the filesystem or NULL on error.
+     * @deprecated Use hdfsBuilderConnect instead.
+     */
+    hdfsFS hdfsConnectAsUser(const char* nn, tPort port, const char *user);
+    
+    
+    /**
+     * hdfsConnect - Connect to a hdfs file system.
+     * Connect to the hdfs.
+     * @param nn   The NameNode.  See hdfsBuilderSetNameNode for details.
+     * @param port The port on which the server is listening.
+     * @return Returns a handle to the filesystem or NULL on error.
+     * @deprecated Use hdfsBuilderConnect instead.
+     */
+    hdfsFS hdfsConnect(const char* nn, tPort port);
+    
+    /**
+     * hdfsConnect - Connect to an hdfs file system.
+     *
+     * The effect with hdfsConnectAsUser in libwebhdfs.
+     *
+     * @param nn     The NameNode.  See hdfsBuilderSetNameNode for details.
+     * @param port   The port on which the server is listening.
+     * @param user   The user name to use when connecting
+     * @return       Returns a handle to the filesystem or NULL on error.
+     * @deprecated   Use hdfsBuilderConnect instead.
+     */
+    hdfsFS hdfsConnectAsUserNewInstance(const char* nn, tPort port, const char *user );
+    
+    /**
+     * hdfsConnect - Connect to an hdfs file system.
+     *
+     * The same effect with hdfsConnect in libwebhdfs.
+     *
+     * @param nn     The NameNode.  See hdfsBuilderSetNameNode for details.
+     * @param port   The port on which the server is listening.
+     * @return       Returns a handle to the filesystem or NULL on error.
+     * @deprecated   Use hdfsBuilderConnect instead.
+     */
+    hdfsFS hdfsConnectNewInstance(const char* nn, tPort port);
+    
+    /**
+     * Connect to HDFS using the parameters defined by the builder.
+     *
+     * Every successful call to hdfsBuilderConnect should be matched with a call
+     * to hdfsDisconnect, when the hdfsFS is no longer needed.
+     *
+     * @param bld    The HDFS builder
+     * @return       Returns a handle to the filesystem, or NULL on error.
+     */
+    hdfsFS hdfsBuilderConnect(struct hdfsBuilder *bld);
+    
+    /**
+     * Create an HDFS builder.
+     *
+     * @return The HDFS builder, or NULL on error.
+     */
+    struct hdfsBuilder *hdfsNewBuilder(void);
+    
+    /**
+     * In libhdfs: force the builder to always create a new instance of the FileSystem,
+     * rather than possibly finding one in the cache.
+     *
+     * @param bld The HDFS builder
+     * @deprecated No longer usefule in libwebhdfs.
+     */
+    void hdfsBuilderSetForceNewInstance(struct hdfsBuilder *bld);
+    
+    /**
+     * Set the HDFS NameNode to connect to.
+     *
+     * @param bld  The HDFS builder
+     * @param nn   The NameNode to use.
+     *
+     *             If the string given is 'default', the default NameNode
+     *             configuration will be used (from the XML configuration files)
+     *
+     *             If NULL is given, a LocalFileSystem will be created.
+     *
+     *             If the string starts with a protocol type such as file:// or
+     *             hdfs://, this protocol type will be used.  If not, the
+     *             hdfs:// protocol type will be used.
+     *
+     *             You may specify a NameNode port in the usual way by
+     *             passing a string of the format hdfs://<hostname>:<port>.
+     *             Alternately, you may set the port with
+     *             hdfsBuilderSetNameNodePort.  However, you must not pass the
+     *             port in two different ways.
+     */
+    void hdfsBuilderSetNameNode(struct hdfsBuilder *bld, const char *nn);
+    
+    /**
+     * Set the port of the HDFS NameNode to connect to.
+     *
+     * @param bld The HDFS builder
+     * @param port The port.
+     */
+    void hdfsBuilderSetNameNodePort(struct hdfsBuilder *bld, tPort port);
+    
+    /**
+     * Set the username to use when connecting to the HDFS cluster.
+     *
+     * @param bld The HDFS builder
+     * @param userName The user name.  The string will be shallow-copied.
+     */
+    void hdfsBuilderSetUserName(struct hdfsBuilder *bld, const char *userName);
+    
+    /**
+     * Set the path to the Kerberos ticket cache to use when connecting to
+     * the HDFS cluster.
+     *
+     * @param bld The HDFS builder
+     * @param kerbTicketCachePath The Kerberos ticket cache path.  The string
+     *                            will be shallow-copied.
+     */
+    void hdfsBuilderSetKerbTicketCachePath(struct hdfsBuilder *bld,
+                                           const char *kerbTicketCachePath);
+    
+    /**
+     * Free an HDFS builder.
+     *
+     * @param bld The HDFS builder
+     */
+    void hdfsFreeBuilder(struct hdfsBuilder *bld);
+    
+    /**
+     * Get a configuration string.
+     *
+     * @param key      The key to find
+     * @param val      (out param) The value.  This will be set to NULL if the
+     *                 key isn't found.  You must free this string with
+     *                 hdfsConfStrFree.
+     *
+     * @return         0 on success; nonzero error code otherwise.
+     *                 Failure to find the key is not an error.
+     */
+    int hdfsConfGetStr(const char *key, char **val);
+    
+    /**
+     * Get a configuration integer.
+     *
+     * @param key      The key to find
+     * @param val      (out param) The value.  This will NOT be changed if the
+	 *                 key isn't found.
+     *
+     * @return         0 on success; nonzero error code otherwise.
+     *                 Failure to find the key is not an error.
+     */
+    int hdfsConfGetInt(const char *key, int32_t *val);
+    
+    /**
+     * Free a configuration string found with hdfsConfGetStr.
+     *
+     * @param val      A configuration string obtained from hdfsConfGetStr
+     */
+    void hdfsConfStrFree(char *val);
+    
+    /**
+     * hdfsDisconnect - Disconnect from the hdfs file system.
+     * Disconnect from hdfs.
+     *
+     * In libwebhdfs, we simply free the hdfsFS,
+     * so do not use it after hdfsCopy/hdfsMove/hdfsGetDefaultBlockSize which still use JNI for FileSystem connection.
+     *
+     * @param fs The configured filesystem handle.
+     * @return Returns 0 on success, -1 on error.
+     */
+    int hdfsDisconnect(hdfsFS fs);
+    
+    
+    /**
+     * hdfsOpenFile - Open a hdfs file in given mode.
+     * In libwebhdfs we simply store corresponding information in a hdfsFile.
+     *
+     * @param fs The configured filesystem handle.
+     * @param path The full path to the file.
+     * @param flags - an | of bits/fcntl.h file flags - supported flags are O_RDONLY, O_WRONLY (meaning create or overwrite i.e., implies O_TRUNCAT),
+     * O_WRONLY|O_APPEND. Other flags are generally ignored other than (O_RDWR || (O_EXCL & O_CREAT)) which return NULL and set errno equal ENOTSUP.
+     * @param bufferSize Size of buffer for read/write - pass 0 if you want
+     * to use the default configured values.
+     * @param replication Block replication - pass 0 if you want to use
+     * the default configured values.
+     * @param blocksize Size of block - pass 0 if you want to use the
+     * default configured values.
+     * @return Returns the handle to the open file or NULL on error.
+     */
+    hdfsFile hdfsOpenFile(hdfsFS fs, const char* path, int flags,
+                          int bufferSize, short replication, tSize blocksize);
+    
+    
+    /**
+     * hdfsCloseFile - Close an open file.
+     * @param fs The configured filesystem handle.
+     * @param file The file handle.
+     * @return Returns 0 on success, -1 on error.
+     */
+    int hdfsCloseFile(hdfsFS fs, hdfsFile file);
+    
+    
+    /**
+     * hdfsExists - Checks if a given path exsits on the filesystem
+     * @param fs The configured filesystem handle.
+     * @param path The path to look for
+     * @return Returns 0 on success, -1 on error.
+     */
+    int hdfsExists(hdfsFS fs, const char *path);
+    
+    
+    /**
+     * hdfsSeek - Seek to given offset in file.
+     * This works only for files opened in read-only mode.
+     * In libwebhdfs we store the offset in the local hdfsFile handle, thus
+     * in this function we simply set the local offset.
+     *
+     * @param fs The configured filesystem handle.
+     * @param file The file handle.
+     * @param desiredPos Offset into the file to seek into.
+     * @return Returns 0 on success, -1 on error.
+     */
+    int hdfsSeek(hdfsFS fs, hdfsFile file, tOffset desiredPos);
+    
+    
+    /**
+     * hdfsTell - Get the current offset in the file, in bytes.
+     * In libwebhdfs the current offset is stored in the local hdfsFile handle,
+     * thus this function simply sets the local offset.
+     * @param fs The configured filesystem handle.
+     * @param file The file handle.
+     * @return Current offset, -1 on error.
+     */
+    tOffset hdfsTell(hdfsFS fs, hdfsFile file);
+    
+    
+    /**
+     * hdfsRead - Read data from an open file.
+     * In libwebhdfs the reading starts from the current offset which is stored in the hdfsFile handle
+     * @param fs The configured filesystem handle.
+     * @param file The file handle.
+     * @param buffer The buffer to copy read bytes into.
+     * @param length The length of the buffer.
+     * @return      On success, a positive number indicating how many bytes
+     *              were read.
+     *              On end-of-file, 0.
+     *              On error, -1.  Errno will be set to the error code.
+     *              Just like the POSIX read function, hdfsRead will return -1
+     *              and set errno to EINTR if data is temporarily unavailable,
+     *              but we are not yet at the end of the file.
+     */
+    tSize hdfsRead(hdfsFS fs, hdfsFile file, void* buffer, tSize length);
+    
+    /**
+     * hdfsPread - Positional read of data from an open file.
+     * @param fs The configured filesystem handle.
+     * @param file The file handle.
+     * @param position Position from which to read
+     * @param buffer The buffer to copy read bytes into.
+     * @param length The length of the buffer.
+     * @return Returns the number of bytes actually read, possibly less than
+     * than length;-1 on error.
+     */
+    tSize hdfsPread(hdfsFS fs, hdfsFile file, tOffset position,
+                    void* buffer, tSize length);
+    
+    
+    /**
+     * hdfsWrite - Write data into an open file.
+     * @param fs The configured filesystem handle.
+     * @param file The file handle.
+     * @param buffer The data.
+     * @param length The no. of bytes to write.
+     * @return Returns the number of bytes written, -1 on error.
+     */
+    tSize hdfsWrite(hdfsFS fs, hdfsFile file, const void* buffer,
+                    tSize length);
+    
+    
+    /**
+     * hdfsWrite - Flush the data. No use for libwebhdfs.
+     * @param fs The configured filesystem handle.
+     * @param file The file handle.
+     * @return Returns 0 on success, -1 on error.
+     * @deprecated Not usefule in libwebhdfs.
+     */
+    int hdfsFlush(hdfsFS fs, hdfsFile file);
+    
+    
+    /**
+     * hdfsHFlush - Flush out the data in client's user buffer. After the
+     * return of this call, new readers will see the data.
+     * @param fs configured filesystem handle
+     * @param file file handle
+     * @return 0 on success, -1 on error and sets errno
+     * @deprecated Not usefule in libwebhdfs.
+     */
+    int hdfsHFlush(hdfsFS fs, hdfsFile file);
+    
+    
+    /**
+     * hdfsAvailable - Number of bytes that can be read from this
+     * input stream.
+     * @param fs The configured filesystem handle.
+     * @param file The file handle.
+     * @return Returns available bytes; -1 on error.
+     */
+    int hdfsAvailable(hdfsFS fs, hdfsFile file);
+    
+    
+    /**
+     * hdfsCopy - Copy file from one filesystem to another.
+     * @param srcFS The handle to source filesystem.
+     * @param src The path of source file.
+     * @param dstFS The handle to destination filesystem.
+     * @param dst The path of destination file.
+     * @return Returns 0 on success, -1 on error.
+     */
+    int hdfsCopy(hdfsFS srcFS, const char* src, hdfsFS dstFS, const char* dst);
+    
+    
+    /**
+     * hdfsMove - Move file from one filesystem to another.
+     * @param srcFS The handle to source filesystem.
+     * @param src The path of source file.
+     * @param dstFS The handle to destination filesystem.
+     * @param dst The path of destination file.
+     * @return Returns 0 on success, -1 on error.
+     */
+    int hdfsMove(hdfsFS srcFS, const char* src, hdfsFS dstFS, const char* dst);
+    
+    
+    /**
+     * hdfsDelete - Delete file.
+     * @param fs The configured filesystem handle.
+     * @param path The path of the file.
+     * @param recursive if path is a directory and set to
+     * non-zero, the directory is deleted else throws an exception. In
+     * case of a file the recursive argument is irrelevant.
+     * @return Returns 0 on success, -1 on error.
+     */
+    int hdfsDelete(hdfsFS fs, const char* path, int recursive);
+    
+    /**
+     * hdfsRename - Rename file.
+     * @param fs The configured filesystem handle.
+     * @param oldPath The path of the source file.
+     * @param newPath The path of the destination file.
+     * @return Returns 0 on success, -1 on error.
+     */
+    int hdfsRename(hdfsFS fs, const char* oldPath, const char* newPath);
+    
+    
+    /**
+     * hdfsGetWorkingDirectory - Get the current working directory for
+     * the given filesystem. In libwebhdfs it is retrieved from local hdfsFS handle.
+     * @param fs The configured filesystem handle.
+     * @param buffer The user-buffer to copy path of cwd into.
+     * @param bufferSize The length of user-buffer.
+     * @return Returns buffer, NULL on error.
+     */
+    char* hdfsGetWorkingDirectory(hdfsFS fs, char *buffer, size_t bufferSize);
+    
+    
+    /**
+     * hdfsSetWorkingDirectory - Set the working directory. All relative
+     * paths will be resolved relative to it. In libwebhdfs the local hdfsFS is modified.
+     * @param fs The configured filesystem handle.
+     * @param path The path of the new 'cwd'.
+     * @return Returns 0 on success, -1 on error.
+     */
+    int hdfsSetWorkingDirectory(hdfsFS fs, const char* path);
+    
+    
+    /**
+     * hdfsCreateDirectory - Make the given file and all non-existent
+     * parents into directories.
+     * @param fs The configured filesystem handle.
+     * @param path The path of the directory.
+     * @return Returns 0 on success, -1 on error.
+     */
+    int hdfsCreateDirectory(hdfsFS fs, const char* path);
+    
+    
+    /**
+     * hdfsSetReplication - Set the replication of the specified
+     * file to the supplied value
+     * @param fs The configured filesystem handle.
+     * @param path The path of the file.
+     * @return Returns 0 on success, -1 on error.
+     */
+    int hdfsSetReplication(hdfsFS fs, const char* path, int16_t replication);
+    
+    
+    /**
+     * hdfsListDirectory - Get list of files/directories for a given
+     * directory-path. hdfsFreeFileInfo should be called to deallocate memory.
+     * @param fs The configured filesystem handle.
+     * @param path The path of the directory.
+     * @param numEntries Set to the number of files/directories in path.
+     * @return Returns a dynamically-allocated array of hdfsFileInfo
+     * objects; NULL on error.
+     */
+    hdfsFileInfo *hdfsListDirectory(hdfsFS fs, const char* path,
+                                    int *numEntries);
+    
+    
+    /**
+     * hdfsGetPathInfo - Get information about a path as a (dynamically
+     * allocated) single hdfsFileInfo struct. hdfsFreeFileInfo should be
+     * called when the pointer is no longer needed.
+     * @param fs The configured filesystem handle.
+     * @param path The path of the file.
+     * @return Returns a dynamically-allocated hdfsFileInfo object;
+     * NULL on error.
+     */
+    hdfsFileInfo *hdfsGetPathInfo(hdfsFS fs, const char* path);
+    
+    
+    /**
+     * hdfsFreeFileInfo - Free up the hdfsFileInfo array (including fields)
+     * @param hdfsFileInfo The array of dynamically-allocated hdfsFileInfo
+     * objects.
+     * @param numEntries The size of the array.
+     */
+    void hdfsFreeFileInfo(hdfsFileInfo *hdfsFileInfo, int numEntries);
+    
+    
+    /**
+     * hdfsGetHosts - Get hostnames where a particular block (determined by
+     * pos & blocksize) of a file is stored. The last element in the array
+     * is NULL. Due to replication, a single block could be present on
+     * multiple hosts.
+     * @param fs The configured filesystem handle.
+     * @param path The path of the file.
+     * @param start The start of the block.
+     * @param length The length of the block.
+     * @return Returns a dynamically-allocated 2-d array of blocks-hosts;
+     * NULL on error.
+     *
+     * Not supported yet but will be supported by libwebhdfs based on webhdfs.
+     */
+    char*** hdfsGetHosts(hdfsFS fs, const char* path,
+                         tOffset start, tOffset length);
+    
+    
+    /**
+     * hdfsFreeHosts - Free up the structure returned by hdfsGetHosts
+     * @param hdfsFileInfo The array of dynamically-allocated hdfsFileInfo
+     * objects.
+     * @param numEntries The size of the array.
+     */
+    void hdfsFreeHosts(char ***blockHosts);
+    
+    
+    /**
+     * hdfsGetDefaultBlockSize - Get the optimum blocksize.
+     * @param fs The configured filesystem handle.
+     * @return Returns the blocksize; -1 on error.
+     */
+    tOffset hdfsGetDefaultBlockSize(hdfsFS fs);
+    
+    
+    /**
+     * hdfsGetCapacity - Return the raw capacity of the filesystem.
+     * @param fs The configured filesystem handle.
+     * @return Returns the raw-capacity; -1 on error.
+     *
+     * Not supported yet but will be supported by libwebhdfs based on webhdfs.
+     */
+    tOffset hdfsGetCapacity(hdfsFS fs);
+    
+    
+    /**
+     * hdfsGetUsed - Return the total raw size of all files in the filesystem.
+     * @param fs The configured filesystem handle.
+     * @return Returns the total-size; -1 on error.
+     *
+     * Not supported yet but will be supported by libwebhdfs based on webhdfs.
+     */
+    tOffset hdfsGetUsed(hdfsFS fs);
+    
+    /**
+     * hdfsChown
+     * @param fs The configured filesystem handle.
+     * @param path the path to the file or directory
+     * @param owner this is a string in Hadoop land. Set to null or "" if only setting group
+     * @param group  this is a string in Hadoop land. Set to null or "" if only setting user
+     * @return 0 on success else -1
+     */
+    int hdfsChown(hdfsFS fs, const char* path, const char *owner, const char *group);
+    
+    /**
+     * hdfsChmod
+     * @param fs The configured filesystem handle.
+     * @param path the path to the file or directory
+     * @param mode the bitmask to set it to
+     * @return 0 on success else -1
+     */
+    int hdfsChmod(hdfsFS fs, const char* path, short mode);
+    
+    /**
+     * hdfsUtime
+     * @param fs The configured filesystem handle.
+     * @param path the path to the file or directory
+     * @param mtime new modification time or -1 for no change
+     * @param atime new access time or -1 for no change
+     * @return 0 on success else -1
+     */
+    int hdfsUtime(hdfsFS fs, const char* path, tTime mtime, tTime atime);
+    
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif /*LIB_WEBHDFS_H*/