diff --git a/hadoop-common-project/hadoop-common/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/fs/FileSystem.java b/hadoop-common-project/hadoop-common/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/fs/FileSystem.java
index e1329f44ed0..38e53a487ce 100644
--- a/hadoop-common-project/hadoop-common/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/fs/FileSystem.java
+++ b/hadoop-common-project/hadoop-common/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/fs/FileSystem.java
@@ -4163,4 +4163,14 @@ public abstract class FileSystem extends Configured implements Closeable {
     return new FileSystemDataOutputStreamBuilder(this, path)
         .create().overwrite(true);
   }
+
+  /**
+   * Create a Builder to append a file.
+   * @param path file path.
+   * @return a {@link FSDataOutputStreamBuilder} to build file append request.
+   */
+  @InterfaceAudience.Private
+  protected FSDataOutputStreamBuilder appendFile(Path path) {
+    return new FileSystemDataOutputStreamBuilder(this, path).append();
+  }
 }
diff --git a/hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs-client/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/DistributedFileSystem.java b/hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs-client/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/DistributedFileSystem.java
index 3e7c899c16d..9bccf77cb0e 100644
--- a/hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs-client/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/DistributedFileSystem.java
+++ b/hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs-client/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/DistributedFileSystem.java
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@ import java.util.EnumSet;
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Map;
 
+import org.apache.hadoop.HadoopIllegalArgumentException;
 import org.apache.hadoop.classification.InterfaceAudience;
 import org.apache.hadoop.classification.InterfaceStability;
 import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
@@ -2652,7 +2653,7 @@ public class DistributedFileSystem extends FileSystem {
    */
   public static final class HdfsDataOutputStreamBuilder
       extends FSDataOutputStreamBuilder<
-      HdfsDataOutputStream, HdfsDataOutputStreamBuilder> {
+      FSDataOutputStream, HdfsDataOutputStreamBuilder> {
     private final DistributedFileSystem dfs;
     private InetSocketAddress[] favoredNodes = null;
 
@@ -2739,16 +2740,23 @@ public class DistributedFileSystem extends FileSystem {
      * @throws IOException on I/O errors.
      */
     @Override
-    public HdfsDataOutputStream build() throws IOException {
-      if (isRecursive()) {
-        return dfs.create(getPath(), getPermission(), getFlags(),
-            getBufferSize(), getReplication(), getBlockSize(),
-            getProgress(), getChecksumOpt(), getFavoredNodes());
-      } else {
-        return dfs.createNonRecursive(getPath(), getPermission(), getFlags(),
-            getBufferSize(), getReplication(), getBlockSize(), getProgress(),
-            getChecksumOpt(), getFavoredNodes());
+    public FSDataOutputStream build() throws IOException {
+      if (getFlags().contains(CreateFlag.CREATE)) {
+        if (isRecursive()) {
+          return dfs.create(getPath(), getPermission(), getFlags(),
+              getBufferSize(), getReplication(), getBlockSize(),
+              getProgress(), getChecksumOpt(), getFavoredNodes());
+        } else {
+          return dfs.createNonRecursive(getPath(), getPermission(), getFlags(),
+              getBufferSize(), getReplication(), getBlockSize(), getProgress(),
+              getChecksumOpt(), getFavoredNodes());
+        }
+      } else if (getFlags().contains(CreateFlag.APPEND)) {
+        return dfs.append(getPath(), getFlags(), getBufferSize(), getProgress(),
+            getFavoredNodes());
       }
+      throw new HadoopIllegalArgumentException(
+          "Must specify either create or append");
     }
   }
 
@@ -2763,4 +2771,15 @@ public class DistributedFileSystem extends FileSystem {
   public HdfsDataOutputStreamBuilder createFile(Path path) {
     return new HdfsDataOutputStreamBuilder(this, path).create().overwrite(true);
   }
+
+  /**
+   * Create a {@link HdfsDataOutputStreamBuilder} to append a file on DFS.
+   *
+   * @param path file path.
+   * @return A {@link HdfsDataOutputStreamBuilder} for appending a file.
+   */
+  @Override
+  public HdfsDataOutputStreamBuilder appendFile(Path path) {
+    return new HdfsDataOutputStreamBuilder(this, path).append();
+  }
 }
diff --git a/hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/test/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/TestDistributedFileSystem.java b/hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/test/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/TestDistributedFileSystem.java
index fe2dbb9a86d..0cff7d491f9 100644
--- a/hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/test/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/TestDistributedFileSystem.java
+++ b/hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/test/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/TestDistributedFileSystem.java
@@ -53,6 +53,7 @@ import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;
 import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
 import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicReference;
 
+import org.apache.hadoop.HadoopIllegalArgumentException;
 import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
 import org.apache.hadoop.fs.BlockLocation;
 import org.apache.hadoop.fs.BlockStorageLocation;
@@ -1572,7 +1573,7 @@ public class TestDistributedFileSystem {
   }
 
   @Test
-  public void testDFSDataOutputStreamBuilder() throws Exception {
+  public void testDFSDataOutputStreamBuilderForCreation() throws Exception {
     Configuration conf = getTestConfiguration();
     String testFile = "/testDFSDataOutputStreamBuilder";
     Path testFilePath = new Path(testFile);
@@ -1580,6 +1581,11 @@ public class TestDistributedFileSystem {
         .numDataNodes(1).build()) {
       DistributedFileSystem fs = cluster.getFileSystem();
 
+      // Before calling build(), no change was made in the file system
+      HdfsDataOutputStreamBuilder builder = fs.createFile(testFilePath)
+          .blockSize(4096).replication((short)1);
+      assertFalse(fs.exists(testFilePath));
+
       // Test create an empty file
       try (FSDataOutputStream out =
                fs.createFile(testFilePath).build()) {
@@ -1624,4 +1630,39 @@ public class TestDistributedFileSystem {
           fs.exists(new Path("/parent")));
     }
   }
+
+  @Test
+  public void testDFSDataOutputStreamBuilderForAppend() throws IOException {
+    Configuration conf = getTestConfiguration();
+    String testFile = "/testDFSDataOutputStreamBuilderForAppend";
+    Path path = new Path(testFile);
+    Random random = new Random();
+    try (MiniDFSCluster cluster = new MiniDFSCluster.Builder(conf)
+        .numDataNodes(1).build()) {
+      DistributedFileSystem fs = cluster.getFileSystem();
+
+      byte[] buf = new byte[16];
+      random.nextBytes(buf);
+
+      try (FSDataOutputStream out = fs.appendFile(path).build()) {
+        out.write(buf);
+        fail("should fail on appending to non-existent file");
+      } catch (IOException e) {
+        GenericTestUtils.assertExceptionContains("non-existent", e);
+      }
+
+      random.nextBytes(buf);
+      try (FSDataOutputStream out = fs.createFile(path).build()) {
+        out.write(buf);
+      }
+
+      random.nextBytes(buf);
+      try (FSDataOutputStream out = fs.appendFile(path).build()) {
+        out.write(buf);
+      }
+
+      FileStatus status = fs.getFileStatus(path);
+      assertEquals(16 * 2, status.getLen());
+    }
+  }
 }