HDFS-10745. Directly resolve paths into INodesInPath. Contributed by Daryn Sharp.

(cherry picked from commit 922d045e11)

Conflicts:
	hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/server/namenode/FSDirWriteFileOp.java
	hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/test/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/server/namenode/TestFsck.java

hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/server/namenode/FSDirAclOp.java

@@ -25,7 +25,6 @@ import org.apache.hadoop.fs.permission.FsAction;
 import org.apache.hadoop.fs.permission.FsPermission;
 import org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.DFSConfigKeys;
 import org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.protocol.AclException;
-import org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.protocol.HdfsConstants;
 import org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.protocol.HdfsFileStatus;
 
 import java.io.IOException;
@@ -39,11 +38,11 @@ class FSDirAclOp {
     String src = srcArg;
     checkAclsConfigFlag(fsd);
     FSPermissionChecker pc = fsd.getPermissionChecker();
-    src = fsd.resolvePath(pc, src);
     INodesInPath iip;
     fsd.writeLock();
     try {
-      iip = fsd.getINodesInPath4Write(FSDirectory.normalizePath(src), true);
+      iip = fsd.resolvePathForWrite(pc, src);
+      src = iip.getPath();
       fsd.checkOwner(pc, iip);
       INode inode = FSDirectory.resolveLastINode(iip);
       int snapshotId = iip.getLatestSnapshotId();
@@ -64,11 +63,11 @@ class FSDirAclOp {
     String src = srcArg;
     checkAclsConfigFlag(fsd);
     FSPermissionChecker pc = fsd.getPermissionChecker();
-    src = fsd.resolvePath(pc, src);
     INodesInPath iip;
     fsd.writeLock();
     try {
-      iip = fsd.getINodesInPath4Write(FSDirectory.normalizePath(src), true);
+      iip = fsd.resolvePathForWrite(pc, src);
+      src = iip.getPath();
       fsd.checkOwner(pc, iip);
       INode inode = FSDirectory.resolveLastINode(iip);
       int snapshotId = iip.getLatestSnapshotId();
@@ -88,11 +87,11 @@ class FSDirAclOp {
     String src = srcArg;
     checkAclsConfigFlag(fsd);
     FSPermissionChecker pc = fsd.getPermissionChecker();
-    src = fsd.resolvePath(pc, src);
     INodesInPath iip;
     fsd.writeLock();
     try {
-      iip = fsd.getINodesInPath4Write(FSDirectory.normalizePath(src), true);
+      iip = fsd.resolvePathForWrite(pc, src);
+      src = iip.getPath();
       fsd.checkOwner(pc, iip);
       INode inode = FSDirectory.resolveLastINode(iip);
       int snapshotId = iip.getLatestSnapshotId();
@@ -112,11 +111,11 @@ class FSDirAclOp {
     String src = srcArg;
     checkAclsConfigFlag(fsd);
     FSPermissionChecker pc = fsd.getPermissionChecker();
-    src = fsd.resolvePath(pc, src);
     INodesInPath iip;
     fsd.writeLock();
     try {
-      iip = fsd.getINodesInPath4Write(src);
+      iip = fsd.resolvePathForWrite(pc, src);
+      src = iip.getPath();
       fsd.checkOwner(pc, iip);
       unprotectedRemoveAcl(fsd, iip);
     } finally {
@@ -132,11 +131,11 @@ class FSDirAclOp {
     String src = srcArg;
     checkAclsConfigFlag(fsd);
     FSPermissionChecker pc = fsd.getPermissionChecker();
-    src = fsd.resolvePath(pc, src);
     INodesInPath iip;
     fsd.writeLock();
     try {
-      iip = fsd.getINodesInPath4Write(src);
+      iip = fsd.resolvePathForWrite(pc, src);
+      src = iip.getPath();
       fsd.checkOwner(pc, iip);
       List<AclEntry> newAcl = unprotectedSetAcl(fsd, src, aclSpec, false);
       fsd.getEditLog().logSetAcl(src, newAcl);
@@ -150,17 +149,15 @@ class FSDirAclOp {
       FSDirectory fsd, String src) throws IOException {
     checkAclsConfigFlag(fsd);
     FSPermissionChecker pc = fsd.getPermissionChecker();
-    src = fsd.resolvePath(pc, src);
-    String srcs = FSDirectory.normalizePath(src);
     fsd.readLock();
     try {
+      INodesInPath iip = fsd.resolvePath(pc, src);
+      src = iip.getPath();
       // There is no real inode for the path ending in ".snapshot", so return a
       // non-null, unpopulated AclStatus.  This is similar to getFileInfo.
-      if (srcs.endsWith(HdfsConstants.SEPARATOR_DOT_SNAPSHOT_DIR) &&
+      if (iip.isDotSnapshotDir() && fsd.getINode4DotSnapshot(iip) != null) {
-          fsd.getINode4DotSnapshot(srcs) != null) {
         return new AclStatus.Builder().owner("").group("").build();
       }
-      INodesInPath iip = fsd.getINodesInPath(srcs, true);
       if (fsd.isPermissionEnabled()) {
         fsd.checkTraverse(pc, iip);
       }

hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/server/namenode/FSDirAppendOp.java

@@ -87,8 +87,8 @@ final class FSDirAppendOp {
     final String src;
     fsd.writeLock();
     try {
-      src = fsd.resolvePath(pc, srcArg);
+      final INodesInPath iip = fsd.resolvePathForWrite(pc, srcArg);
-      final INodesInPath iip = fsd.getINodesInPath4Write(src);
+      src = iip.getPath();
       // Verify that the destination does not exist as a directory already
       final INode inode = iip.getLastINode();
       final String path = iip.getPath();

hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/server/namenode/FSDirAttrOp.java

@@ -60,8 +60,8 @@ public class FSDirAttrOp {
     INodesInPath iip;
     fsd.writeLock();
     try {
-      src = fsd.resolvePath(pc, src);
+      iip = fsd.resolvePathForWrite(pc, src);
-      iip = fsd.getINodesInPath4Write(src);
+      src = iip.getPath();
       fsd.checkOwner(pc, iip);
       unprotectedSetPermission(fsd, src, permission);
     } finally {
@@ -81,8 +81,8 @@ public class FSDirAttrOp {
     INodesInPath iip;
     fsd.writeLock();
     try {
-      src = fsd.resolvePath(pc, src);
+      iip = fsd.resolvePathForWrite(pc, src);
-      iip = fsd.getINodesInPath4Write(src);
+      src = iip.getPath();
       fsd.checkOwner(pc, iip);
       if (!pc.isSuperUser()) {
         if (username != null && !pc.getUser().equals(username)) {
@@ -108,8 +108,8 @@ public class FSDirAttrOp {
     INodesInPath iip;
     fsd.writeLock();
     try {
-      src = fsd.resolvePath(pc, src);
+      iip = fsd.resolvePathForWrite(pc, src);
-      iip = fsd.getINodesInPath4Write(src);
+      src = iip.getPath();
       // Write access is required to set access and modification times
       if (fsd.isPermissionEnabled()) {
         fsd.checkPathAccess(pc, iip, FsAction.WRITE);
@@ -138,8 +138,8 @@ public class FSDirAttrOp {
     FSPermissionChecker pc = fsd.getPermissionChecker();
     fsd.writeLock();
     try {
-      src = fsd.resolvePath(pc, src);
+      final INodesInPath iip = fsd.resolvePathForWrite(pc, src);
-      final INodesInPath iip = fsd.getINodesInPath4Write(src);
+      src = iip.getPath();
       if (fsd.isPermissionEnabled()) {
         fsd.checkPathAccess(pc, iip, FsAction.WRITE);
       }
@@ -211,8 +211,7 @@ public class FSDirAttrOp {
     FSPermissionChecker pc = fsd.getPermissionChecker();
     fsd.readLock();
     try {
-      path = fsd.resolvePath(pc, path);
+      final INodesInPath iip = fsd.resolvePath(pc, path, false);
-      final INodesInPath iip = fsd.getINodesInPath(path, false);
       if (fsd.isPermissionEnabled()) {
         fsd.checkPathAccess(pc, iip, FsAction.READ);
       }
@@ -232,8 +231,8 @@ public class FSDirAttrOp {
     FSPermissionChecker pc = fsd.getPermissionChecker();
     fsd.readLock();
     try {
-      src = fsd.resolvePath(pc, src);
+      final INodesInPath iip = fsd.resolvePath(pc, src, false);
-      final INodesInPath iip = fsd.getINodesInPath(src, false);
+      src = iip.getPath();
       if (fsd.isPermissionEnabled()) {
         fsd.checkTraverse(pc, iip);
       }

hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/server/namenode/FSDirDeleteOp.java

@@ -98,8 +98,8 @@ class FSDirDeleteOp {
     FSDirectory fsd = fsn.getFSDirectory();
     FSPermissionChecker pc = fsd.getPermissionChecker();
 
-    src = fsd.resolvePath(pc, src);
+    final INodesInPath iip = fsd.resolvePathForWrite(pc, src, false);
-    final INodesInPath iip = fsd.getINodesInPath4Write(src, false);
+    src = iip.getPath();
     if (!recursive && fsd.isNonEmptyDirectory(iip)) {
       throw new PathIsNotEmptyDirectoryException(src + " is non empty");
     }

hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/server/namenode/FSDirEncryptionZoneOp.java

@@ -155,7 +155,8 @@ final class FSDirEncryptionZoneOp {
 
     fsd.writeLock();
     try {
-      src = fsd.resolvePath(pc, srcArg);
+      final INodesInPath iip = fsd.resolvePath(pc, srcArg);
+      src = iip.getPath();
       final XAttr ezXAttr = fsd.ezManager.createEncryptionZone(src, suite,
           version, keyName);
       xAttrs.add(ezXAttr);
@@ -178,13 +179,11 @@ final class FSDirEncryptionZoneOp {
   static Map.Entry<EncryptionZone, HdfsFileStatus> getEZForPath(
       final FSDirectory fsd, final String srcArg, final FSPermissionChecker pc)
       throws IOException {
-    final String src;
     final INodesInPath iip;
     final EncryptionZone ret;
     fsd.readLock();
     try {
-      src = fsd.resolvePath(pc, srcArg);
+      iip = fsd.resolvePath(pc, srcArg);
-      iip = fsd.getINodesInPath(src, true);
       if (iip.getLastINode() == null) {
         throw new FileNotFoundException("Path not found: " + iip.getPath());
       }

hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/server/namenode/FSDirMkdirOp.java

@@ -52,8 +52,8 @@ class FSDirMkdirOp {
     FSPermissionChecker pc = fsd.getPermissionChecker();
     fsd.writeLock();
     try {
-      src = fsd.resolvePath(pc, src);
+      INodesInPath iip = fsd.resolvePathForWrite(pc, src);
-      INodesInPath iip = fsd.getINodesInPath4Write(src);
+      src = iip.getPath();
       if (fsd.isPermissionEnabled()) {
         fsd.checkTraverse(pc, iip);
       }

hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/server/namenode/FSDirRenameOp.java

@@ -65,12 +65,14 @@ class FSDirRenameOp {
     FSPermissionChecker pc = fsd.getPermissionChecker();
 
     HdfsFileStatus resultingStat = null;
-    src = fsd.resolvePath(pc, src);
+    // Rename does not operate on link targets
-    dst = fsd.resolvePath(pc, dst);
+    // Do not resolveLink when checking permissions of src and dst
+    INodesInPath srcIIP = fsd.resolvePathForWrite(pc, src, false);
+    INodesInPath dstIIP = fsd.resolvePathForWrite(pc, dst, false);
     @SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
-    final boolean status = renameTo(fsd, pc, src, dst, logRetryCache);
+    final boolean status = renameTo(fsd, pc, srcIIP, dstIIP, logRetryCache);
     if (status) {
-      INodesInPath dstIIP = fsd.getINodesInPath(dst, false);
+      dstIIP = fsd.getINodesInPath(dstIIP.getPath(), false);
       resultingStat = fsd.getAuditFileInfo(dstIIP);
     }
     return new RenameOldResult(status, resultingStat);
@@ -238,9 +240,8 @@ class FSDirRenameOp {
     final FSPermissionChecker pc = fsd.getPermissionChecker();
 
     BlocksMapUpdateInfo collectedBlocks = new BlocksMapUpdateInfo();
-    src = fsd.resolvePath(pc, src);
+    // returns resolved path
-    dst = fsd.resolvePath(pc, dst);
+    dst = renameTo(fsd, pc, src, dst, collectedBlocks, logRetryCache, options);
-    renameTo(fsd, pc, src, dst, collectedBlocks, logRetryCache, options);
     INodesInPath dstIIP = fsd.getINodesInPath(dst, false);
     HdfsFileStatus resultingStat = fsd.getAuditFileInfo(dstIIP);
 
@@ -252,11 +253,13 @@ class FSDirRenameOp {
    * @see {@link #unprotectedRenameTo(FSDirectory, String, String, INodesInPath,
    * INodesInPath, long, BlocksMapUpdateInfo, Options.Rename...)}
    */
-  static void renameTo(FSDirectory fsd, FSPermissionChecker pc, String src,
+  static String renameTo(FSDirectory fsd, FSPermissionChecker pc, String src,
       String dst, BlocksMapUpdateInfo collectedBlocks, boolean logRetryCache,
       Options.Rename... options) throws IOException {
-    final INodesInPath srcIIP = fsd.getINodesInPath4Write(src, false);
+    final INodesInPath srcIIP = fsd.resolvePathForWrite(pc, src, false);
-    final INodesInPath dstIIP = fsd.getINodesInPath4Write(dst, false);
+    final INodesInPath dstIIP = fsd.resolvePathForWrite(pc, dst, false);
+    src = srcIIP.getPath();
+    dst = dstIIP.getPath();
     if (fsd.isPermissionEnabled()) {
       // Rename does not operate on link targets
       // Do not resolveLink when checking permissions of src and dst
@@ -283,6 +286,7 @@ class FSDirRenameOp {
       fsd.writeUnlock();
     }
     fsd.getEditLog().logRename(src, dst, mtime, logRetryCache, options);
+    return dst;
   }
 
   /**
@@ -441,16 +445,17 @@ class FSDirRenameOp {
   @Deprecated
   @SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
   private static boolean renameTo(FSDirectory fsd, FSPermissionChecker pc,
-      String src, String dst, boolean logRetryCache) throws IOException {
+      INodesInPath srcIIP, INodesInPath dstIIP, boolean logRetryCache)
-    // Rename does not operate on link targets
+          throws IOException {
-    // Do not resolveLink when checking permissions of src and dst
+    String src = srcIIP.getPath();
-    // Check write access to parent of src
+    String dst = dstIIP.getPath();
-    final INodesInPath srcIIP = fsd.getINodesInPath4Write(src, false);
     // Note: We should not be doing this.  This is move() not renameTo().
-    final String actualDst = fsd.isDir(dst) ?
+    if (fsd.isDir(dst)) {
-        dst + Path.SEPARATOR + new Path(src).getName() : dst;
+      dstIIP = INodesInPath.append(dstIIP, null, srcIIP.getLastLocalName());
-    final INodesInPath dstIIP = fsd.getINodesInPath4Write(actualDst, false);
+    }
+    final String actualDst = dstIIP.getPath();
     if (fsd.isPermissionEnabled()) {
+      // Check write access to parent of src
       fsd.checkPermission(pc, srcIIP, false, null, FsAction.WRITE, null, null,
           false);
       // Check write access to ancestor of dst

hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/server/namenode/FSDirStatAndListingOp.java

@@ -53,11 +53,14 @@ class FSDirStatAndListingOp {
     final String startAfterString = DFSUtil.bytes2String(startAfter);
     String src = null;
 
+    final INodesInPath iip;
     if (fsd.isPermissionEnabled()) {
       FSPermissionChecker pc = fsd.getPermissionChecker();
-      src = fsd.resolvePath(pc, srcArg);
+      iip = fsd.resolvePath(pc, srcArg);
+      src = iip.getPath();
     } else {
       src = FSDirectory.resolvePath(srcArg, fsd);
+      iip = fsd.getINodesInPath(src, true);
     }
 
     // Get file name when startAfter is an INodePath
@@ -73,7 +76,6 @@ class FSDirStatAndListingOp {
       }
     }
 
-    final INodesInPath iip = fsd.getINodesInPath(src, true);
     boolean isSuperUser = true;
     if (fsd.isPermissionEnabled()) {
       FSPermissionChecker pc = fsd.getPermissionChecker();
@@ -106,8 +108,8 @@ class FSDirStatAndListingOp {
     }
     if (fsd.isPermissionEnabled()) {
       FSPermissionChecker pc = fsd.getPermissionChecker();
-      src = fsd.resolvePath(pc, srcArg);
+      final INodesInPath iip = fsd.resolvePath(pc, srcArg, resolveLink);
-      final INodesInPath iip = fsd.getINodesInPath(src, resolveLink);
+      src = iip.getPath();
       fsd.checkPermission(pc, iip, false, null, null, null, null, false);
     } else {
       src = FSDirectory.resolvePath(srcArg, fsd);
@@ -121,8 +123,7 @@ class FSDirStatAndListingOp {
    */
   static boolean isFileClosed(FSDirectory fsd, String src) throws IOException {
     FSPermissionChecker pc = fsd.getPermissionChecker();
-    src = fsd.resolvePath(pc, src);
+    final INodesInPath iip = fsd.resolvePath(pc, src);
-    final INodesInPath iip = fsd.getINodesInPath(src, true);
     if (fsd.isPermissionEnabled()) {
       fsd.checkTraverse(pc, iip);
     }
@@ -132,8 +133,7 @@ class FSDirStatAndListingOp {
   static ContentSummary getContentSummary(
       FSDirectory fsd, String src) throws IOException {
     FSPermissionChecker pc = fsd.getPermissionChecker();
-    src = fsd.resolvePath(pc, src);
+    final INodesInPath iip = fsd.resolvePath(pc, src, false);
-    final INodesInPath iip = fsd.getINodesInPath(src, false);
     if (fsd.isPermissionEnabled()) {
       fsd.checkPermission(pc, iip, false, null, null, null,
           FsAction.READ_EXECUTE);
@@ -158,8 +158,8 @@ class FSDirStatAndListingOp {
     boolean isReservedName = FSDirectory.isReservedRawName(src);
     fsd.readLock();
     try {
-      src = fsd.resolvePath(pc, src);
+      final INodesInPath iip = fsd.resolvePath(pc, src);
-      final INodesInPath iip = fsd.getINodesInPath(src, true);
+      src = iip.getPath();
       final INodeFile inode = INodeFile.valueOf(iip.getLastINode(), src);
       if (fsd.isPermissionEnabled()) {
         fsd.checkPathAccess(pc, iip, FsAction.READ);
@@ -383,24 +383,20 @@ class FSDirStatAndListingOp {
   static HdfsFileStatus getFileInfo(
       FSDirectory fsd, String src, boolean resolveLink, boolean isRawPath)
     throws IOException {
-    String srcs = FSDirectory.normalizePath(src);
-    if (FSDirectory.isExactReservedName(src)) {
-      return FSDirectory.DOT_RESERVED_STATUS;
-    }
-
-    if (srcs.endsWith(HdfsConstants.SEPARATOR_DOT_SNAPSHOT_DIR)) {
-      if (fsd.getINode4DotSnapshot(srcs) != null) {
-        return new HdfsFileStatus(0, true, 0, 0, 0, 0, null, null, null, null,
-            HdfsFileStatus.EMPTY_NAME, -1L, 0, null,
-            HdfsConstants.BLOCK_STORAGE_POLICY_ID_UNSPECIFIED);
-      }
-      return null;
-    }
-
     fsd.readLock();
     try {
-      final INodesInPath iip = fsd.getINodesInPath(srcs, resolveLink);
+      HdfsFileStatus status = null;
-      return getFileInfo(fsd, src, iip, isRawPath, true);
+      final INodesInPath iip = fsd.getINodesInPath(src, resolveLink);
+      if (FSDirectory.isExactReservedName(iip.getPathComponents())) {
+        status = FSDirectory.DOT_RESERVED_STATUS;
+      } else if (iip.isDotSnapshotDir()) {
+        if (fsd.getINode4DotSnapshot(iip) != null) {
+          status = FSDirectory.DOT_SNAPSHOT_DIR_STATUS;
+        }
+      } else {
+        status = getFileInfo(fsd, src, iip, isRawPath, true);
+      }
+      return status;
     } finally {
       fsd.readUnlock();
     }
@@ -609,8 +605,7 @@ class FSDirStatAndListingOp {
     final INodesInPath iip;
     fsd.readLock();
     try {
-      src = fsd.resolvePath(pc, src);
+      iip = fsd.resolvePath(pc, src, false);
-      iip = fsd.getINodesInPath(src, false);
       if (fsd.isPermissionEnabled()) {
         fsd.checkPermission(pc, iip, false, null, null, null,
             FsAction.READ_EXECUTE);

hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/server/namenode/FSDirSymlinkOp.java

@@ -56,8 +56,8 @@ class FSDirSymlinkOp {
     INodesInPath iip;
     fsd.writeLock();
     try {
-      link = fsd.resolvePath(pc, link);
+      iip = fsd.resolvePathForWrite(pc, link, false);
-      iip = fsd.getINodesInPath4Write(link, false);
+      link = iip.getPath();
       if (!createParent) {
         fsd.verifyParentDir(iip, link);
       }

hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/server/namenode/FSDirTruncateOp.java

@@ -76,8 +76,8 @@ final class FSDirTruncateOp {
     Block truncateBlock = null;
     fsd.writeLock();
     try {
-      src = fsd.resolvePath(pc, srcArg);
+      iip = fsd.resolvePathForWrite(pc, srcArg);
-      iip = fsd.getINodesInPath4Write(src, true);
+      src = iip.getPath();
       if (fsd.isPermissionEnabled()) {
         fsd.checkPathAccess(pc, iip, FsAction.WRITE);
       }

hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/server/namenode/FSDirWriteFileOp.java

@@ -39,7 +39,6 @@ import org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.protocol.ClientProtocol;
 import org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.protocol.DatanodeInfo;
 import org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.protocol.EncryptionZone;
 import org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.protocol.ExtendedBlock;
-import org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.protocol.HdfsConstants;
 import org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.protocol.FSLimitException;
 import org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.protocol.HdfsFileStatus;
 import org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.protocol.LocatedBlock;
@@ -117,25 +116,10 @@ class FSDirWriteFileOp {
   static void abandonBlock(
       FSDirectory fsd, FSPermissionChecker pc, ExtendedBlock b, long fileId,
       String src, String holder) throws IOException {
-    src = fsd.resolvePath(pc, src);
+    final INodesInPath iip = fsd.resolvePath(pc, src, fileId);
-
+    src = iip.getPath();
-    final INode inode;
-    final INodesInPath iip;
-    if (fileId == HdfsConstants.GRANDFATHER_INODE_ID) {
-      // Older clients may not have given us an inode ID to work with.
-      // In this case, we have to try to resolve the path and hope it
-      // hasn't changed or been deleted since the file was opened for write.
-      iip = fsd.getINodesInPath(src, true);
-      inode = iip.getLastINode();
-    } else {
-      inode = fsd.getInode(fileId);
-      iip = INodesInPath.fromINode(inode);
-      if (inode != null) {
-        src = iip.getPath();
-      }
-    }
     FSNamesystem fsn = fsd.getFSNamesystem();
-    final INodeFile file = fsn.checkLease(src, holder, inode, fileId);
+    final INodeFile file = fsn.checkLease(iip, holder, fileId);
     Preconditions.checkState(file.isUnderConstruction());
 
     Block localBlock = ExtendedBlock.getLocalBlock(b);
@@ -178,8 +162,8 @@ class FSDirWriteFileOp {
     final byte storagePolicyID;
     String clientMachine;
 
-    src = fsn.dir.resolvePath(pc, src);
+    INodesInPath iip = fsn.dir.resolvePath(pc, src, fileId);
-    FileState fileState = analyzeFileState(fsn, src, fileId, clientName,
+    FileState fileState = analyzeFileState(fsn, iip, fileId, clientName,
                                            previous, onRetryBlock);
     if (onRetryBlock[0] != null && onRetryBlock[0].getLocations().length > 0) {
       // This is a retry. No need to generate new locations.
@@ -229,7 +213,8 @@ class FSDirWriteFileOp {
     // Run the full analysis again, since things could have changed
     // while chooseTarget() was executing.
     LocatedBlock[] onRetryBlock = new LocatedBlock[1];
-    FileState fileState = analyzeFileState(fsn, src, fileId, clientName,
+    INodesInPath iip = fsn.dir.resolvePath(null, src, fileId);
+    FileState fileState = analyzeFileState(fsn, iip, fileId, clientName,
                                            previous, onRetryBlock);
     final INodeFile pendingFile = fileState.inode;
     src = fileState.path;
@@ -340,8 +325,8 @@ class FSDirWriteFileOp {
 
     boolean isRawPath = FSDirectory.isReservedRawName(src);
     FSDirectory fsd = fsn.getFSDirectory();
-    src = fsd.resolvePath(pc, src);
+    INodesInPath iip = fsd.resolvePathForWrite(pc, src);
-    INodesInPath iip = fsd.getINodesInPath4Write(src);
+    src = iip.getPath();
 
     // Verify that the destination does not exist as a directory already.
     final INode inode = iip.getLastINode();
@@ -450,8 +435,7 @@ class FSDirWriteFileOp {
       CryptoProtocolVersion[] supportedVersions)
       throws IOException {
     FSDirectory fsd = fsn.getFSDirectory();
-    src = fsd.resolvePath(pc, src);
+    INodesInPath iip = fsd.resolvePathForWrite(pc, src);
-    INodesInPath iip = fsd.getINodesInPath4Write(src);
     // Nothing to do if the path is not within an EZ
     final EncryptionZone zone = FSDirEncryptionZoneOp.getEZForPath(fsd, iip);
     if (zone == null) {
@@ -587,11 +571,11 @@ class FSDirWriteFileOp {
   }
 
   private static FileState analyzeFileState(
-      FSNamesystem fsn, String src, long fileId, String clientName,
+      FSNamesystem fsn, INodesInPath iip, long fileId, String clientName,
       ExtendedBlock previous, LocatedBlock[] onRetryBlock)
           throws IOException  {
     assert fsn.hasReadLock();
-
+    String src = iip.getPath();
     checkBlock(fsn, previous);
     onRetryBlock[0] = null;
     fsn.checkNameNodeSafeMode("Cannot add block to " + src);
@@ -600,24 +584,7 @@ class FSDirWriteFileOp {
     fsn.checkFsObjectLimit();
 
     Block previousBlock = ExtendedBlock.getLocalBlock(previous);
-    final INode inode;
+    final INodeFile file = fsn.checkLease(iip, clientName, fileId);
-    final INodesInPath iip;
-    if (fileId == HdfsConstants.GRANDFATHER_INODE_ID) {
-      // Older clients may not have given us an inode ID to work with.
-      // In this case, we have to try to resolve the path and hope it
-      // hasn't changed or been deleted since the file was opened for write.
-      iip = fsn.dir.getINodesInPath4Write(src);
-      inode = iip.getLastINode();
-    } else {
-      // Newer clients pass the inode ID, so we can just get the inode
-      // directly.
-      inode = fsn.dir.getInode(fileId);
-      iip = INodesInPath.fromINode(inode);
-      if (inode != null) {
-        src = iip.getPath();
-      }
-    }
-    final INodeFile file = fsn.checkLease(src, clientName, inode, fileId);
     BlockInfo lastBlockInFile = file.getLastBlock();
     if (!Block.matchingIdAndGenStamp(previousBlock, lastBlockInFile)) {
       // The block that the client claims is the current last block
@@ -696,8 +663,8 @@ class FSDirWriteFileOp {
                                         src + " for " + holder);
     }
     checkBlock(fsn, last);
-    src = fsn.dir.resolvePath(pc, src);
+    INodesInPath iip = fsn.dir.resolvePath(pc, src, fileId);
-    boolean success = completeFileInternal(fsn, src, holder,
+    boolean success = completeFileInternal(fsn, iip, holder,
                                            ExtendedBlock.getLocalBlock(last),
                                            fileId);
     if (success) {
@@ -708,27 +675,16 @@ class FSDirWriteFileOp {
   }
 
   private static boolean completeFileInternal(
-      FSNamesystem fsn, String src, String holder, Block last, long fileId)
+      FSNamesystem fsn, INodesInPath iip,
+      String holder, Block last, long fileId)
       throws IOException {
     assert fsn.hasWriteLock();
+    final String src = iip.getPath();
     final INodeFile pendingFile;
-    final INodesInPath iip;
     INode inode = null;
     try {
-      if (fileId == HdfsConstants.GRANDFATHER_INODE_ID) {
+      inode = iip.getLastINode();
-        // Older clients may not have given us an inode ID to work with.
+      pendingFile = fsn.checkLease(iip, holder, fileId);
-        // In this case, we have to try to resolve the path and hope it
-        // hasn't changed or been deleted since the file was opened for write.
-        iip = fsn.dir.getINodesInPath(src, true);
-        inode = iip.getLastINode();
-      } else {
-        inode = fsn.dir.getInode(fileId);
-        iip = INodesInPath.fromINode(inode);
-        if (inode != null) {
-          src = iip.getPath();
-        }
-      }
-      pendingFile = fsn.checkLease(src, holder, inode, fileId);
     } catch (LeaseExpiredException lee) {
       if (inode != null && inode.isFile() &&
           !inode.asFile().isUnderConstruction()) {

hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/server/namenode/FSDirXAttrOp.java

@@ -67,13 +67,13 @@ class FSDirXAttrOp {
     FSPermissionChecker pc = fsd.getPermissionChecker();
     XAttrPermissionFilter.checkPermissionForApi(
         pc, xAttr, FSDirectory.isReservedRawName(src));
-    src = fsd.resolvePath(pc, src);
     List<XAttr> xAttrs = Lists.newArrayListWithCapacity(1);
     xAttrs.add(xAttr);
     INodesInPath iip;
     fsd.writeLock();
     try {
-      iip = fsd.getINodesInPath4Write(src);
+      iip = fsd.resolvePathForWrite(pc, src);
+      src = iip.getPath();
       checkXAttrChangeAccess(fsd, iip, xAttr, pc);
       unprotectedSetXAttrs(fsd, src, xAttrs, flag);
     } finally {
@@ -94,12 +94,11 @@ class FSDirXAttrOp {
     if (!getAll) {
       XAttrPermissionFilter.checkPermissionForApi(pc, xAttrs, isRawPath);
     }
-    src = fsd.resolvePath(pc, src);
+    final INodesInPath iip = fsd.resolvePath(pc, src);
-    final INodesInPath iip = fsd.getINodesInPath(src, true);
     if (fsd.isPermissionEnabled()) {
       fsd.checkPathAccess(pc, iip, FsAction.READ);
     }
-    List<XAttr> all = FSDirXAttrOp.getXAttrs(fsd, src);
+    List<XAttr> all = FSDirXAttrOp.getXAttrs(fsd, iip);
     List<XAttr> filteredAll = XAttrPermissionFilter.
         filterXAttrsForApi(pc, all, isRawPath);
 
@@ -134,13 +133,12 @@ class FSDirXAttrOp {
     FSDirXAttrOp.checkXAttrsConfigFlag(fsd);
     final FSPermissionChecker pc = fsd.getPermissionChecker();
     final boolean isRawPath = FSDirectory.isReservedRawName(src);
-    src = fsd.resolvePath(pc, src);
+    final INodesInPath iip = fsd.resolvePath(pc, src);
-    final INodesInPath iip = fsd.getINodesInPath(src, true);
     if (fsd.isPermissionEnabled()) {
       /* To access xattr names, you need EXECUTE in the owning directory. */
       fsd.checkParentAccess(pc, iip, FsAction.EXECUTE);
     }
-    final List<XAttr> all = FSDirXAttrOp.getXAttrs(fsd, src);
+    final List<XAttr> all = FSDirXAttrOp.getXAttrs(fsd, iip);
     return XAttrPermissionFilter.
         filterXAttrsForApi(pc, all, isRawPath);
   }
@@ -167,8 +165,8 @@ class FSDirXAttrOp {
     INodesInPath iip;
     fsd.writeLock();
     try {
-      src = fsd.resolvePath(pc, src);
+      iip = fsd.resolvePathForWrite(pc, src);
-      iip = fsd.getINodesInPath4Write(src);
+      src = iip.getPath();
       checkXAttrChangeAccess(fsd, iip, xAttr, pc);
 
       List<XAttr> removedXAttrs = unprotectedRemoveXAttrs(fsd, src, xAttrs);
@@ -427,12 +425,11 @@ class FSDirXAttrOp {
     }
   }
 
-  private static List<XAttr> getXAttrs(FSDirectory fsd,
+  private static List<XAttr> getXAttrs(FSDirectory fsd, INodesInPath iip)
-                                String src) throws IOException {
+      throws IOException {
-    String srcs = FSDirectory.normalizePath(src);
     fsd.readLock();
     try {
-      INodesInPath iip = fsd.getINodesInPath(srcs, true);
+      String src = iip.getPath();
       INode inode = FSDirectory.resolveLastINode(iip);
       int snapshotId = iip.getPathSnapshotId();
       return XAttrStorage.readINodeXAttrs(fsd.getAttributes(src,

hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/server/namenode/FSDirectory.java

@@ -129,6 +129,11 @@ public class FSDirectory implements Closeable {
           null, null, null, HdfsFileStatus.EMPTY_NAME, -1L, 0, null,
           HdfsConstants.BLOCK_STORAGE_POLICY_ID_UNSPECIFIED);
 
+  public final static HdfsFileStatus DOT_SNAPSHOT_DIR_STATUS =
+      new HdfsFileStatus(0, true, 0, 0, 0, 0, null, null, null, null,
+          HdfsFileStatus.EMPTY_NAME, -1L, 0, null,
+          HdfsConstants.BLOCK_STORAGE_POLICY_ID_UNSPECIFIED);
+
   INodeDirectory rootDir;
   private final FSNamesystem namesystem;
   private volatile boolean skipQuotaCheck = false; //skip while consuming edits
@@ -486,12 +491,66 @@ public class FSDirectory implements Closeable {
    * @throws FileNotFoundException
    * @throws AccessControlException
    */
-  String resolvePath(FSPermissionChecker pc, String path)
+  INodesInPath resolvePath(FSPermissionChecker pc, String src)
-      throws FileNotFoundException, AccessControlException {
+      throws UnresolvedLinkException, FileNotFoundException,
-    if (isReservedRawName(path) && isPermissionEnabled) {
+      AccessControlException {
+    return resolvePath(pc, src, true);
+  }
+
+  INodesInPath resolvePath(FSPermissionChecker pc, String src,
+      boolean resolveLink) throws UnresolvedLinkException,
+  FileNotFoundException, AccessControlException {
+    byte[][] components = INode.getPathComponents(src);
+    if (isPermissionEnabled && pc != null && isReservedRawName(components)) {
       pc.checkSuperuserPrivilege();
     }
-    return resolvePath(path, this);
+    components = resolveComponents(components, this);
+    return INodesInPath.resolve(rootDir, components, resolveLink);
+  }
+
+  INodesInPath resolvePathForWrite(FSPermissionChecker pc, String src)
+      throws UnresolvedLinkException, FileNotFoundException,
+      AccessControlException {
+    return resolvePathForWrite(pc, src, true);
+  }
+
+  INodesInPath resolvePathForWrite(FSPermissionChecker pc, String src,
+      boolean resolveLink) throws UnresolvedLinkException,
+  FileNotFoundException, AccessControlException {
+    INodesInPath iip = resolvePath(pc, src, resolveLink);
+    if (iip.isSnapshot()) {
+      throw new SnapshotAccessControlException(
+          "Modification on a read-only snapshot is disallowed");
+    }
+    return iip;
+  }
+
+  INodesInPath resolvePath(FSPermissionChecker pc, String src, long fileId)
+      throws UnresolvedLinkException, FileNotFoundException,
+      AccessControlException {
+    // Older clients may not have given us an inode ID to work with.
+    // In this case, we have to try to resolve the path and hope it
+    // hasn't changed or been deleted since the file was opened for write.
+    INodesInPath iip;
+    if (fileId == HdfsConstants.GRANDFATHER_INODE_ID) {
+      iip = resolvePath(pc, src);
+    } else {
+      INode inode = getInode(fileId);
+      if (inode == null) {
+        iip = INodesInPath.fromComponents(INode.getPathComponents(src));
+      } else {
+        iip = INodesInPath.fromINode(inode);
+      }
+    }
+    return iip;
+  }
+
+  // this method can be removed after IIP is used more extensively
+  static String resolvePath(String src,
+      FSDirectory fsd) throws FileNotFoundException {
+    byte[][] pathComponents = INode.getPathComponents(src);
+    pathComponents = resolveComponents(pathComponents, fsd);
+    return DFSUtil.byteArray2PathString(pathComponents);
   }
 
   /**
@@ -1265,6 +1324,12 @@ public class FSDirectory implements Closeable {
     return CHECK_RESERVED_FILE_NAMES && src.equals(DOT_RESERVED_PATH_PREFIX);
   }
 
+  public static boolean isExactReservedName(byte[][] components) {
+    return CHECK_RESERVED_FILE_NAMES &&
+           (components.length == 2) &&
+           isReservedName(components);
+  }
+
   static boolean isReservedRawName(String src) {
     return src.startsWith(DOT_RESERVED_PATH_PREFIX +
         Path.SEPARATOR + RAW_STRING);
@@ -1276,11 +1341,17 @@ public class FSDirectory implements Closeable {
   }
 
   static boolean isReservedName(byte[][] components) {
-    return (components.length > 2) &&
+    return (components.length > 1) &&
             Arrays.equals(INodeDirectory.ROOT_NAME, components[0]) &&
             Arrays.equals(DOT_RESERVED, components[1]);
   }
 
+  static boolean isReservedRawName(byte[][] components) {
+    return (components.length > 2) &&
+           isReservedName(components) &&
+           Arrays.equals(RAW, components[2]);
+  }
+
   /**
    * Resolve a /.reserved/... path to a non-reserved path.
    * <p/>
@@ -1299,19 +1370,18 @@ public class FSDirectory implements Closeable {
    * /.reserved/raw/a/b/c is equivalent (they both refer to the same
    * unencrypted file).
    * 
-   * @param src path that is being processed
+   * @param pathComponents to be resolved
    * @param fsd FSDirectory
    * @return if the path indicates an inode, return path after replacing up to
    *         <inodeid> with the corresponding path of the inode, else the path
-   *         in {@code src} as is. If the path refers to a path in the "raw"
+   *         in {@code pathComponents} as is. If the path refers to a path in
-   *         directory, return the non-raw pathname.
+   *         the "raw" directory, return the non-raw pathname.
    * @throws FileNotFoundException if inodeid is invalid
    */
-  static String resolvePath(String src,
+  static byte[][] resolveComponents(byte[][] pathComponents,
       FSDirectory fsd) throws FileNotFoundException {
-    byte[][] pathComponents = INode.getPathComponents(src);
     final int nComponents = pathComponents.length;
-    if (!isReservedName(pathComponents)) {
+    if (nComponents < 3 || !isReservedName(pathComponents)) {
       /* This is not a /.reserved/ path so do nothing. */
     } else if (Arrays.equals(DOT_INODES, pathComponents[2])) {
       /* It's a /.reserved/.inodes path. */
@@ -1332,9 +1402,7 @@ public class FSDirectory implements Closeable {
         }
       }
     }
-    // this double conversion will be unnecessary when resolving returns
+    return pathComponents;
-    // INodesInPath (needs components byte[][])
-    return DFSUtil.byteArray2PathString(pathComponents);
   }
 
   private static byte[][] resolveDotInodesPath(
@@ -1388,15 +1456,12 @@ public class FSDirectory implements Closeable {
     return components;
   }
 
-  INode getINode4DotSnapshot(String src) throws UnresolvedLinkException {
+  INode getINode4DotSnapshot(INodesInPath iip) throws UnresolvedLinkException {
     Preconditions.checkArgument(
-        src.endsWith(HdfsConstants.SEPARATOR_DOT_SNAPSHOT_DIR),
+        iip.isDotSnapshotDir(), "%s does not end with %s",
-        "%s does not end with %s", src, HdfsConstants.SEPARATOR_DOT_SNAPSHOT_DIR);
+        iip.getPath(), HdfsConstants.SEPARATOR_DOT_SNAPSHOT_DIR);
 
-    final String dirPath = normalizePath(src.substring(0,
+    final INode node = iip.getINode(-2);
-        src.length() - HdfsConstants.DOT_SNAPSHOT_DIR.length()));
-
-    final INode node = this.getINode(dirPath);
     if (node != null && node.isDirectory()
         && node.asDirectory().isSnapshottable()) {
       return node;

hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/server/namenode/FSNamesystem.java

@@ -1835,8 +1835,9 @@ public class FSNamesystem implements Namesystem, FSNamesystemMBean,
          * HDFS-7463. A better fix is to change the edit log of SetTime to
          * use inode id instead of a path.
          */
-        src = dir.resolvePath(pc, srcArg);
+        final INodesInPath iip = dir.resolvePath(pc, srcArg);
-        final INodesInPath iip = dir.getINodesInPath(src, true);
+        src = iip.getPath();
+
         INode inode = iip.getLastINode();
         boolean updateAccessTime = inode != null &&
             now > inode.getAccessTime() + dir.getAccessTimePrecision();
@@ -2317,8 +2318,8 @@ public class FSNamesystem implements Namesystem, FSNamesystemMBean,
     try {
       checkOperation(OperationCategory.WRITE);
       checkNameNodeSafeMode("Cannot recover the lease of " + src);
-      src = dir.resolvePath(pc, src);
+      final INodesInPath iip = dir.resolvePathForWrite(pc, src);
-      final INodesInPath iip = dir.getINodesInPath4Write(src);
+      src = iip.getPath();
       final INodeFile inode = INodeFile.valueOf(iip.getLastINode(), src);
       if (!inode.isUnderConstruction()) {
         return true;
@@ -2569,20 +2570,11 @@ public class FSNamesystem implements Namesystem, FSNamesystemMBean,
       checkOperation(OperationCategory.READ);
       //check safe mode
       checkNameNodeSafeMode("Cannot add datanode; src=" + src + ", blk=" + blk);
-      src = dir.resolvePath(pc, src);
+      final INodesInPath iip = dir.resolvePath(pc, src, fileId);
+      src = iip.getPath();
 
       //check lease
-      final INode inode;
+      final INodeFile file = checkLease(iip, clientName, fileId);
-      if (fileId == HdfsConstants.GRANDFATHER_INODE_ID) {
-        // Older clients may not have given us an inode ID to work with.
-        // In this case, we have to try to resolve the path and hope it
-        // hasn't changed or been deleted since the file was opened for write.
-        inode = dir.getINode(src);
-      } else {
-        inode = dir.getInode(fileId);
-        if (inode != null) src = inode.getFullPathName();
-      }
-      final INodeFile file = checkLease(src, clientName, inode, fileId);
       clientMachine = file.getFileUnderConstructionFeature().getClientMachine();
       clientnode = blockManager.getDatanodeManager().getDatanodeByHost(clientMachine);
       preferredblocksize = file.getPreferredBlockSize();
@@ -2640,8 +2632,10 @@ public class FSNamesystem implements Namesystem, FSNamesystemMBean,
         : "Holder " + holder + " does not have any open files.");
   }
 
-  INodeFile checkLease(String src, String holder, INode inode, long fileId)
+  INodeFile checkLease(INodesInPath iip, String holder, long fileId)
       throws LeaseExpiredException, FileNotFoundException {
+    String src = iip.getPath();
+    INode inode = iip.getLastINode();
     assert hasReadLock();
     if (inode == null) {
       throw new FileNotFoundException("File does not exist: "
@@ -3128,18 +3122,9 @@ public class FSNamesystem implements Namesystem, FSNamesystemMBean,
     try {
       checkOperation(OperationCategory.WRITE);
       checkNameNodeSafeMode("Cannot fsync file " + src);
-      src = dir.resolvePath(pc, src);
+      INodesInPath iip = dir.resolvePath(pc, src, fileId);
-      final INode inode;
+      src = iip.getPath();
-      if (fileId == HdfsConstants.GRANDFATHER_INODE_ID) {
+      final INodeFile pendingFile = checkLease(iip, clientName, fileId);
-        // Older clients may not have given us an inode ID to work with.
-        // In this case, we have to try to resolve the path and hope it
-        // hasn't changed or been deleted since the file was opened for write.
-        inode = dir.getINode(src);
-      } else {
-        inode = dir.getInode(fileId);
-        if (inode != null) src = inode.getFullPathName();
-      }
-      final INodeFile pendingFile = checkLease(src, clientName, inode, fileId);
       if (lastBlockLength > 0) {
         pendingFile.getFileUnderConstructionFeature().updateLengthOfLastBlock(
             pendingFile, lastBlockLength);
@@ -7463,17 +7448,17 @@ public class FSNamesystem implements Namesystem, FSNamesystemMBean,
 
   void checkAccess(String src, FsAction mode) throws IOException {
     checkOperation(OperationCategory.READ);
+    FSPermissionChecker pc = getPermissionChecker();
     readLock();
     try {
       checkOperation(OperationCategory.READ);
-      src = FSDirectory.resolvePath(src, dir);
+      final INodesInPath iip = dir.resolvePath(pc, src);
-      final INodesInPath iip = dir.getINodesInPath(src, true);
+      src = iip.getPath();
       INode inode = iip.getLastINode();
       if (inode == null) {
         throw new FileNotFoundException("Path not found");
       }
       if (isPermissionEnabled) {
-        FSPermissionChecker pc = getPermissionChecker();
         dir.checkPathAccess(pc, iip, mode);
       }
     } catch (AccessControlException e) {

hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/server/namenode/INodesInPath.java

@@ -73,6 +73,10 @@ public class INodesInPath {
     return new INodesInPath(inodes, path);
   }
 
+  static INodesInPath fromComponents(byte[][] components) {
+    return new INodesInPath(new INode[components.length], components);
+  }
+
   /**
    * Given some components, create a path name.
    * @param components The path components
@@ -434,6 +438,10 @@ public class INodesInPath {
     return this.isSnapshot;
   }
 
+  boolean isDotSnapshotDir() {
+    return isDotSnapshotDir(getLastLocalName());
+  }
+
   private static String toString(INode inode) {
     return inode == null? null: inode.getLocalName();
   }

hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/test/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/server/namenode/TestFsck.java

@@ -25,7 +25,6 @@ import static org.junit.Assert.assertNull;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
 import static org.junit.Assert.fail;
 import static org.mockito.Matchers.any;
-import static org.mockito.Matchers.anyBoolean;
 import static org.mockito.Matchers.anyLong;
 import static org.mockito.Matchers.anyString;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.mock;
@@ -1200,7 +1199,7 @@ public class TestFsck {
     when(fsName.getBlockManager()).thenReturn(blockManager);
     when(fsName.getFSDirectory()).thenReturn(fsd);
     when(fsd.getFSNamesystem()).thenReturn(fsName);
-    when(fsd.getINodesInPath(anyString(), anyBoolean())).thenReturn(iip);
+    when(fsd.resolvePath(any(FSPermissionChecker.class), anyString())).thenReturn(iip);
     when(blockManager.getDatanodeManager()).thenReturn(dnManager);
 
     NamenodeFsck fsck = new NamenodeFsck(conf, namenode, nettop, pmap, out,