HADOOP-13226 Support async call retry and failover.

hadoop-common-project/hadoop-common/dev-support/findbugsExcludeFile.xml

@@ -345,7 +345,13 @@
        <Bug pattern="SF_SWITCH_FALLTHROUGH" />
      </Match>
 
-     <!-- Synchronization performed on util.concurrent instance. -->
+     <!-- WA_NOT_IN_LOOP is invalid in util.concurrent.AsyncGet$Util.wait. -->
+     <Match>
+       <Class name="org.apache.hadoop.util.concurrent.AsyncGet$Util" />
+       <Method name="wait" />
+       <Bug pattern="WA_NOT_IN_LOOP" />
+     </Match>
+
      <Match>
        <Class name="org.apache.hadoop.service.AbstractService" />
        <Method name="stop" />

hadoop-common-project/hadoop-common/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/io/retry/AsyncCallHandler.java

@@ -0,0 +1,321 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.hadoop.io.retry;
+
+import com.google.common.base.Preconditions;
+import org.apache.hadoop.classification.InterfaceAudience;
+import org.apache.hadoop.classification.InterfaceStability;
+import org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Client;
+import org.apache.hadoop.util.Daemon;
+import org.apache.hadoop.util.Time;
+import org.apache.hadoop.util.concurrent.AsyncGet;
+import org.slf4j.Logger;
+import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
+
+import java.lang.reflect.Method;
+import java.util.LinkedList;
+import java.util.Queue;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;
+import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicReference;
+
+/** Handle async calls. */
+@InterfaceAudience.Private
+public class AsyncCallHandler {
+  static final Logger LOG = LoggerFactory.getLogger(AsyncCallHandler.class);
+
+  private static final ThreadLocal<AsyncGet<?, Exception>>
+      LOWER_LAYER_ASYNC_RETURN = new ThreadLocal<>();
+  private static final ThreadLocal<AsyncGet<Object, Throwable>>
+      ASYNC_RETURN = new ThreadLocal<>();
+
+  /** @return the async return value from {@link AsyncCallHandler}. */
+  @InterfaceStability.Unstable
+  @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+  public static <R, T extends  Throwable> AsyncGet<R, T> getAsyncReturn() {
+    final AsyncGet<R, T> asyncGet = (AsyncGet<R, T>)ASYNC_RETURN.get();
+    if (asyncGet != null) {
+      ASYNC_RETURN.set(null);
+      return asyncGet;
+    } else {
+      return (AsyncGet<R, T>) getLowerLayerAsyncReturn();
+    }
+  }
+
+  /** For the lower rpc layers to set the async return value. */
+  @InterfaceStability.Unstable
+  public static void setLowerLayerAsyncReturn(
+      AsyncGet<?, Exception> asyncReturn) {
+    LOWER_LAYER_ASYNC_RETURN.set(asyncReturn);
+  }
+
+  private static AsyncGet<?, Exception> getLowerLayerAsyncReturn() {
+    final AsyncGet<?, Exception> asyncGet = LOWER_LAYER_ASYNC_RETURN.get();
+    Preconditions.checkNotNull(asyncGet);
+    LOWER_LAYER_ASYNC_RETURN.set(null);
+    return asyncGet;
+  }
+
+  /** A simple concurrent queue which keeping track the empty start time. */
+  static class ConcurrentQueue<T> {
+    private final Queue<T> queue = new LinkedList<>();
+    private long emptyStartTime = Time.monotonicNow();
+
+    synchronized int size() {
+      return queue.size();
+    }
+
+    /** Is the queue empty for more than the given time in millisecond? */
+    synchronized boolean isEmpty(long time) {
+      return queue.isEmpty() && Time.monotonicNow() - emptyStartTime > time;
+    }
+
+    synchronized void offer(T c) {
+      final boolean added = queue.offer(c);
+      Preconditions.checkState(added);
+    }
+
+    synchronized T poll() {
+      Preconditions.checkState(!queue.isEmpty());
+      final T t = queue.poll();
+      if (queue.isEmpty()) {
+        emptyStartTime = Time.monotonicNow();
+      }
+      return t;
+    }
+  }
+
+  /** A queue for handling async calls. */
+  static class AsyncCallQueue {
+    private final ConcurrentQueue<AsyncCall> queue = new ConcurrentQueue<>();
+    private final Processor processor = new Processor();
+
+    void addCall(AsyncCall call) {
+      if (LOG.isDebugEnabled()) {
+        LOG.debug("add " + call);
+      }
+      queue.offer(call);
+      processor.tryStart();
+    }
+
+    void checkCalls() {
+      final int size = queue.size();
+      for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+        final AsyncCall c = queue.poll();
+        if (!c.isDone()) {
+          queue.offer(c); // the call is not done yet, add it back.
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+    /** Process the async calls in the queue. */
+    private class Processor {
+      static final long GRACE_PERIOD = 10*1000L;
+      static final long SLEEP_PERIOD = 100L;
+
+      private final AtomicReference<Thread> running = new AtomicReference<>();
+
+      boolean isRunning(Daemon d) {
+        return d == running.get();
+      }
+
+      void tryStart() {
+        final Thread current = Thread.currentThread();
+        if (running.compareAndSet(null, current)) {
+          final Daemon daemon = new Daemon() {
+            @Override
+            public void run() {
+              for (; isRunning(this);) {
+                try {
+                  Thread.sleep(SLEEP_PERIOD);
+                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
+                  kill(this);
+                  return;
+                }
+
+                checkCalls();
+                tryStop(this);
+              }
+            }
+          };
+
+          final boolean set = running.compareAndSet(current, daemon);
+          Preconditions.checkState(set);
+          if (LOG.isDebugEnabled()) {
+            LOG.debug("Starting AsyncCallQueue.Processor " + daemon);
+          }
+          daemon.start();
+        }
+      }
+
+      void tryStop(Daemon d) {
+        if (queue.isEmpty(GRACE_PERIOD)) {
+          kill(d);
+        }
+      }
+
+      void kill(Daemon d) {
+        if (LOG.isDebugEnabled()) {
+          LOG.debug("Killing " + d);
+        }
+        final boolean set = running.compareAndSet(d, null);
+        Preconditions.checkState(set);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  static class AsyncValue<V> {
+    private V value;
+
+    synchronized V waitAsyncValue(long timeout, TimeUnit unit)
+        throws InterruptedException, TimeoutException {
+      if (value != null) {
+        return value;
+      }
+      AsyncGet.Util.wait(this, timeout, unit);
+      if (value != null) {
+        return value;
+      }
+
+      throw new TimeoutException("waitCallReturn timed out "
+          + timeout + " " + unit);
+    }
+
+    synchronized void set(V v) {
+      Preconditions.checkNotNull(v);
+      Preconditions.checkState(value == null);
+      value = v;
+      notify();
+    }
+
+    synchronized boolean isDone() {
+      return value != null;
+    }
+  }
+
+  static class AsyncCall extends RetryInvocationHandler.Call {
+    private final AsyncCallHandler asyncCallHandler;
+
+    private final AsyncValue<CallReturn> asyncCallReturn = new AsyncValue<>();
+    private AsyncGet<?, Exception> lowerLayerAsyncGet;
+
+    AsyncCall(Method method, Object[] args, boolean isRpc, int callId,
+              RetryInvocationHandler.Counters counters,
+              RetryInvocationHandler<?> retryInvocationHandler,
+              AsyncCallHandler asyncCallHandler) {
+      super(method, args, isRpc, callId, counters, retryInvocationHandler);
+
+      this.asyncCallHandler = asyncCallHandler;
+    }
+
+    /** @return true if the call is done; otherwise, return false. */
+    boolean isDone() {
+      final CallReturn r = invokeOnce();
+      switch (r.getState()) {
+        case RETURNED:
+        case EXCEPTION:
+          asyncCallReturn.set(r); // the async call is done
+          return true;
+        case RETRY:
+          invokeOnce();
+          break;
+        case ASYNC_CALL_IN_PROGRESS:
+        case ASYNC_INVOKED:
+          // nothing to do
+          break;
+        default:
+          Preconditions.checkState(false);
+      }
+      return false;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    CallReturn invoke() throws Throwable {
+      LOG.debug("{}.invoke {}", getClass().getSimpleName(), this);
+      if (lowerLayerAsyncGet != null) {
+        // async call was submitted early, check the lower level async call
+        final boolean isDone = lowerLayerAsyncGet.isDone();
+        LOG.trace("invoke: lowerLayerAsyncGet.isDone()? {}", isDone);
+        if (!isDone) {
+          return CallReturn.ASYNC_CALL_IN_PROGRESS;
+        }
+        try {
+          return new CallReturn(lowerLayerAsyncGet.get(0, TimeUnit.SECONDS));
+        } finally {
+          lowerLayerAsyncGet = null;
+        }
+      }
+
+      // submit a new async call
+      LOG.trace("invoke: ASYNC_INVOKED");
+      final boolean mode = Client.isAsynchronousMode();
+      try {
+        Client.setAsynchronousMode(true);
+        final Object r = invokeMethod();
+        // invokeMethod should set LOWER_LAYER_ASYNC_RETURN and return null.
+        Preconditions.checkState(r == null);
+        lowerLayerAsyncGet = getLowerLayerAsyncReturn();
+
+        if (counters.isZeros()) {
+          // first async attempt, initialize
+          LOG.trace("invoke: initAsyncCall");
+          asyncCallHandler.initAsyncCall(this, asyncCallReturn);
+        }
+        return CallReturn.ASYNC_INVOKED;
+      } finally {
+        Client.setAsynchronousMode(mode);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  private final AsyncCallQueue asyncCalls = new AsyncCallQueue();
+  private volatile boolean hasSuccessfulCall = false;
+
+  AsyncCall newAsyncCall(Method method, Object[] args, boolean isRpc,
+                         int callId, RetryInvocationHandler.Counters counters,
+                         RetryInvocationHandler<?> retryInvocationHandler) {
+    return new AsyncCall(method, args, isRpc, callId, counters,
+        retryInvocationHandler, this);
+  }
+
+  boolean hasSuccessfulCall() {
+    return hasSuccessfulCall;
+  }
+
+  private void initAsyncCall(final AsyncCall asyncCall,
+                             final AsyncValue<CallReturn> asyncCallReturn) {
+    asyncCalls.addCall(asyncCall);
+
+    final AsyncGet<Object, Throwable> asyncGet
+        = new AsyncGet<Object, Throwable>() {
+      @Override
+      public Object get(long timeout, TimeUnit unit) throws Throwable {
+        final CallReturn c = asyncCallReturn.waitAsyncValue(timeout, unit);
+        final Object r = c.getReturnValue();
+        hasSuccessfulCall = true;
+        return r;
+      }
+
+      @Override
+      public boolean isDone() {
+        return asyncCallReturn.isDone();
+      }
+    };
+    ASYNC_RETURN.set(asyncGet);
+  }
+}

hadoop-common-project/hadoop-common/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/io/retry/CallReturn.java

@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.hadoop.io.retry;
+
+import com.google.common.base.Preconditions;
+
+/** The call return from a method invocation. */
+class CallReturn {
+  /** The return state. */
+  enum State {
+    /** Call is returned successfully. */
+    RETURNED,
+    /** Call throws an exception. */
+    EXCEPTION,
+    /** Call should be retried according to the {@link RetryPolicy}. */
+    RETRY,
+    /** Call, which is async, is still in progress. */
+    ASYNC_CALL_IN_PROGRESS,
+    /** Call, which is async, just has been invoked. */
+    ASYNC_INVOKED
+  }
+
+  static final CallReturn ASYNC_CALL_IN_PROGRESS = new CallReturn(
+      State.ASYNC_CALL_IN_PROGRESS);
+  static final CallReturn ASYNC_INVOKED = new CallReturn(State.ASYNC_INVOKED);
+  static final CallReturn RETRY = new CallReturn(State.RETRY);
+
+  private final Object returnValue;
+  private final Throwable thrown;
+  private final State state;
+
+  CallReturn(Object r) {
+    this(r, null, State.RETURNED);
+  }
+  CallReturn(Throwable t) {
+    this(null, t, State.EXCEPTION);
+    Preconditions.checkNotNull(t);
+  }
+  private CallReturn(State s) {
+    this(null, null, s);
+  }
+  private CallReturn(Object r, Throwable t, State s) {
+    Preconditions.checkArgument(r == null || t == null);
+    returnValue = r;
+    thrown = t;
+    state = s;
+  }
+
+  State getState() {
+    return state;
+  }
+
+  Object getReturnValue() throws Throwable {
+    if (state == State.EXCEPTION) {
+      throw thrown;
+    }
+    Preconditions.checkState(state == State.RETURNED, "state == %s", state);
+    return returnValue;
+  }
+}

hadoop-common-project/hadoop-common/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/io/retry/RetryInvocationHandler.java

@@ -42,11 +42,83 @@ import java.util.Map;
 public class RetryInvocationHandler<T> implements RpcInvocationHandler {
   public static final Log LOG = LogFactory.getLog(RetryInvocationHandler.class);
 
-  private static class Counters {
+  static class Call {
+    private final Method method;
+    private final Object[] args;
+    private final boolean isRpc;
+    private final int callId;
+    final Counters counters;
+
+    private final RetryPolicy retryPolicy;
+    private final RetryInvocationHandler<?> retryInvocationHandler;
+
+    Call(Method method, Object[] args, boolean isRpc, int callId,
+         Counters counters, RetryInvocationHandler<?> retryInvocationHandler) {
+      this.method = method;
+      this.args = args;
+      this.isRpc = isRpc;
+      this.callId = callId;
+      this.counters = counters;
+
+      this.retryPolicy = retryInvocationHandler.getRetryPolicy(method);
+      this.retryInvocationHandler = retryInvocationHandler;
+    }
+
+    /** Invoke the call once without retrying. */
+    synchronized CallReturn invokeOnce() {
+      try {
+        // The number of times this invocation handler has ever been failed over
+        // before this method invocation attempt. Used to prevent concurrent
+        // failed method invocations from triggering multiple failover attempts.
+        final long failoverCount = retryInvocationHandler.getFailoverCount();
+        try {
+          return invoke();
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+          if (LOG.isTraceEnabled()) {
+            LOG.trace(this, e);
+          }
+          if (Thread.currentThread().isInterrupted()) {
+            // If interrupted, do not retry.
+            throw e;
+          }
+          retryInvocationHandler.handleException(
+              method, retryPolicy, failoverCount, counters, e);
+          return CallReturn.RETRY;
+        }
+      } catch(Throwable t) {
+        return new CallReturn(t);
+      }
+    }
+
+    CallReturn invoke() throws Throwable {
+      return new CallReturn(invokeMethod());
+    }
+
+    Object invokeMethod() throws Throwable {
+      if (isRpc) {
+        Client.setCallIdAndRetryCount(callId, counters.retries);
+      }
+      return retryInvocationHandler.invokeMethod(method, args);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public String toString() {
+      return getClass().getSimpleName() + "#" + callId + ": "
+          + method.getDeclaringClass().getSimpleName() + "." + method.getName()
+          + "(" + (args == null || args.length == 0? "": Arrays.toString(args))
+          +  ")";
+    }
+  }
+
+  static class Counters {
     /** Counter for retries. */
     private int retries;
     /** Counter for method invocation has been failed over. */
     private int failovers;
+
+    boolean isZeros() {
+      return retries == 0 && failovers == 0;
+    }
   }
 
   private static class ProxyDescriptor<T> {
@@ -144,11 +216,13 @@ public class RetryInvocationHandler<T> implements RpcInvocationHandler {
 
   private final ProxyDescriptor<T> proxyDescriptor;
 
-  private volatile boolean hasMadeASuccessfulCall = false;
+  private volatile boolean hasSuccessfulCall = false;
 
   private final RetryPolicy defaultPolicy;
   private final Map<String,RetryPolicy> methodNameToPolicyMap;
 
+  private final AsyncCallHandler asyncCallHandler = new AsyncCallHandler();
+
   protected RetryInvocationHandler(FailoverProxyProvider<T> proxyProvider,
       RetryPolicy retryPolicy) {
     this(proxyProvider, retryPolicy, Collections.<String, RetryPolicy>emptyMap());
@@ -167,38 +241,35 @@ public class RetryInvocationHandler<T> implements RpcInvocationHandler {
     return policy != null? policy: defaultPolicy;
   }
 
+  private long getFailoverCount() {
+    return proxyDescriptor.getFailoverCount();
+  }
+
+  private Call newCall(Method method, Object[] args, boolean isRpc, int callId,
+                       Counters counters) {
+    if (Client.isAsynchronousMode()) {
+      return asyncCallHandler.newAsyncCall(method, args, isRpc, callId,
+          counters, this);
+    } else {
+      return new Call(method, args, isRpc, callId, counters, this);
+    }
+  }
+
   @Override
   public Object invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args)
       throws Throwable {
     final boolean isRpc = isRpcInvocation(proxyDescriptor.getProxy());
     final int callId = isRpc? Client.nextCallId(): RpcConstants.INVALID_CALL_ID;
-    return invoke(method, args, isRpc, callId, new Counters());
+    final Counters counters = new Counters();
-  }
-
-  private Object invoke(final Method method, final Object[] args,
-      final boolean isRpc, final int callId, final Counters counters)
-      throws Throwable {
-    final RetryPolicy policy = getRetryPolicy(method);
 
+    final Call call = newCall(method, args, isRpc, callId, counters);
     while (true) {
-      // The number of times this invocation handler has ever been failed over,
+      final CallReturn c = call.invokeOnce();
-      // before this method invocation attempt. Used to prevent concurrent
+      final CallReturn.State state = c.getState();
-      // failed method invocations from triggering multiple failover attempts.
+      if (state == CallReturn.State.ASYNC_INVOKED) {
-      final long failoverCount = proxyDescriptor.getFailoverCount();
+        return null; // return null for async calls
-
+      } else if (c.getState() != CallReturn.State.RETRY) {
-      if (isRpc) {
+        return c.getReturnValue();
-        Client.setCallIdAndRetryCount(callId, counters.retries);
-      }
-      try {
-        final Object ret = invokeMethod(method, args);
-        hasMadeASuccessfulCall = true;
-        return ret;
-      } catch (Exception ex) {
-        if (Thread.currentThread().isInterrupted()) {
-          // If interrupted, do not retry.
-          throw ex;
-        }
-        handleException(method, policy, failoverCount, counters, ex);
       }
     }
   }
@@ -239,7 +310,8 @@ public class RetryInvocationHandler<T> implements RpcInvocationHandler {
       final int failovers, final long delay, final Exception ex) {
     // log info if this has made some successful calls or
     // this is not the first failover
-    final boolean info = hasMadeASuccessfulCall || failovers != 0;
+    final boolean info = hasSuccessfulCall || failovers != 0
+        || asyncCallHandler.hasSuccessfulCall();
     if (!info && !LOG.isDebugEnabled()) {
       return;
     }
@@ -265,7 +337,9 @@ public class RetryInvocationHandler<T> implements RpcInvocationHandler {
       if (!method.isAccessible()) {
         method.setAccessible(true);
       }
-      return method.invoke(proxyDescriptor.getProxy(), args);
+      final Object r = method.invoke(proxyDescriptor.getProxy(), args);
+      hasSuccessfulCall = true;
+      return r;
     } catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
       throw e.getCause();
     }

hadoop-common-project/hadoop-common/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/io/retry/RetryPolicies.java

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
  */
 package org.apache.hadoop.io.retry;
 
+import java.io.EOFException;
 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.net.ConnectException;
 import java.net.NoRouteToHostException;
@@ -649,6 +650,7 @@ public class RetryPolicies {
       }
 
       if (e instanceof ConnectException ||
+          e instanceof EOFException ||
           e instanceof NoRouteToHostException ||
           e instanceof UnknownHostException ||
           e instanceof StandbyException ||

hadoop-common-project/hadoop-common/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/ipc/Client.java

@@ -58,7 +58,6 @@ import org.apache.hadoop.util.ReflectionUtils;
 import org.apache.hadoop.util.StringUtils;
 import org.apache.hadoop.util.Time;
 import org.apache.hadoop.util.concurrent.AsyncGet;
-import org.apache.hadoop.util.concurrent.AsyncGetFuture;
 import org.apache.htrace.core.Span;
 import org.apache.htrace.core.Tracer;
 
@@ -94,8 +93,8 @@ public class Client implements AutoCloseable {
 
   private static final ThreadLocal<Integer> callId = new ThreadLocal<Integer>();
   private static final ThreadLocal<Integer> retryCount = new ThreadLocal<Integer>();
-  private static final ThreadLocal<Future<?>> ASYNC_RPC_RESPONSE
+  private static final ThreadLocal<AsyncGet<? extends Writable, IOException>>
-      = new ThreadLocal<>();
+      ASYNC_RPC_RESPONSE = new ThreadLocal<>();
   private static final ThreadLocal<Boolean> asynchronousMode =
       new ThreadLocal<Boolean>() {
         @Override
@@ -106,8 +105,9 @@ public class Client implements AutoCloseable {
 
   @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
   @Unstable
-  public static <T> Future<T> getAsyncRpcResponse() {
+  public static <T extends Writable> AsyncGet<T, IOException>
-    return (Future<T>) ASYNC_RPC_RESPONSE.get();
+      getAsyncRpcResponse() {
+    return (AsyncGet<T, IOException>) ASYNC_RPC_RESPONSE.get();
   }
 
   /** Set call id and retry count for the next call. */
@@ -1413,9 +1413,16 @@ public class Client implements AutoCloseable {
             }
           }
         }
+
+        @Override
+        public boolean isDone() {
+          synchronized (call) {
+            return call.done;
+          }
+        }
       };
 
-      ASYNC_RPC_RESPONSE.set(new AsyncGetFuture<>(asyncGet));
+      ASYNC_RPC_RESPONSE.set(asyncGet);
       return null;
     } else {
       return getRpcResponse(call, connection, -1, null);
@@ -1460,10 +1467,8 @@ public class Client implements AutoCloseable {
     synchronized (call) {
       while (!call.done) {
         try {
-          final long waitTimeout = AsyncGet.Util.asyncGetTimeout2WaitTimeout(
+          AsyncGet.Util.wait(call, timeout, unit);
-              timeout, unit);
+          if (timeout >= 0 && !call.done) {
-          call.wait(waitTimeout); // wait for the result
-          if (waitTimeout > 0 && !call.done) {
             return null;
           }
         } catch (InterruptedException ie) {

hadoop-common-project/hadoop-common/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/ipc/ProtobufRpcEngine.java

@@ -54,7 +54,6 @@ import java.lang.reflect.Proxy;
 import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
 import java.util.Map;
 import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
-import java.util.concurrent.Future;
 import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
 import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicBoolean;
 
@@ -256,14 +255,18 @@ public class ProtobufRpcEngine implements RpcEngine {
       }
       
       if (Client.isAsynchronousMode()) {
-        final Future<RpcResponseWrapper> frrw = Client.getAsyncRpcResponse();
+        final AsyncGet<RpcResponseWrapper, IOException> arr
+            = Client.getAsyncRpcResponse();
         final AsyncGet<Message, Exception> asyncGet
             = new AsyncGet<Message, Exception>() {
           @Override
           public Message get(long timeout, TimeUnit unit) throws Exception {
-            final RpcResponseWrapper rrw = timeout < 0?
+            return getReturnMessage(method, arr.get(timeout, unit));
-                frrw.get(): frrw.get(timeout, unit);
+          }
-            return getReturnMessage(method, rrw);
+
+          @Override
+          public boolean isDone() {
+            return arr.isDone();
           }
         };
         ASYNC_RETURN_MESSAGE.set(asyncGet);

hadoop-common-project/hadoop-common/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/util/concurrent/AsyncGet.java

@@ -47,14 +47,19 @@ public interface AsyncGet<R, E extends Throwable> {
   R get(long timeout, TimeUnit unit)
       throws E, TimeoutException, InterruptedException;
 
+  /** @return true if the underlying computation is done; false, otherwise. */
+  boolean isDone();
+
   /** Utility */
   class Util {
-    /**
+    /** Use {@link #get(long, TimeUnit)} timeout parameters to wait. */
-     * @return {@link Object#wait(long)} timeout converted
+    public static void wait(Object obj, long timeout, TimeUnit unit)
-     *         from {@link #get(long, TimeUnit)} timeout.
+        throws InterruptedException {
-     */
+      if (timeout < 0) {
-    public static long asyncGetTimeout2WaitTimeout(long timeout, TimeUnit unit){
+        obj.wait();
-      return timeout < 0? 0: timeout == 0? 1:unit.toMillis(timeout);
+      } else if (timeout > 0) {
+        obj.wait(unit.toMillis(timeout));
+      }
     }
   }
 }

hadoop-common-project/hadoop-common/src/test/java/org/apache/hadoop/ipc/TestAsyncIPC.java

@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@ import org.apache.hadoop.ipc.TestIPC.TestServer;
 import org.apache.hadoop.ipc.protobuf.RpcHeaderProtos.RpcResponseHeaderProto;
 import org.apache.hadoop.net.NetUtils;
 import org.apache.hadoop.util.StringUtils;
+import org.apache.hadoop.util.concurrent.AsyncGetFuture;
 import org.junit.Assert;
 import org.junit.Before;
 import org.junit.Test;
@@ -50,6 +51,11 @@ public class TestAsyncIPC {
   private static Configuration conf;
   private static final Log LOG = LogFactory.getLog(TestAsyncIPC.class);
 
+  static <T extends Writable> AsyncGetFuture<T, IOException>
+      getAsyncRpcResponseFuture() {
+    return new AsyncGetFuture<>(Client.getAsyncRpcResponse());
+  }
+
   @Before
   public void setupConf() {
     conf = new Configuration();
@@ -84,7 +90,7 @@ public class TestAsyncIPC {
         try {
           final long param = TestIPC.RANDOM.nextLong();
           TestIPC.call(client, param, server, conf);
-          returnFutures.put(i, Client.getAsyncRpcResponse());
+          returnFutures.put(i, getAsyncRpcResponseFuture());
           expectedValues.put(i, param);
         } catch (Exception e) {
           failed = true;
@@ -204,7 +210,7 @@ public class TestAsyncIPC {
 
     private void doCall(final int idx, final long param) throws IOException {
       TestIPC.call(client, param, server, conf);
-      returnFutures.put(idx, Client.getAsyncRpcResponse());
+      returnFutures.put(idx, getAsyncRpcResponseFuture());
       expectedValues.put(idx, param);
     }
 

hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs-client/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/AsyncDistributedFileSystem.java

@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ import org.apache.hadoop.fs.permission.AclEntry;
 import org.apache.hadoop.fs.permission.AclStatus;
 import org.apache.hadoop.fs.permission.FsPermission;
 import org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.DFSOpsCountStatistics.OpType;
-import org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.protocolPB.ClientNamenodeProtocolTranslatorPB;
+import org.apache.hadoop.io.retry.AsyncCallHandler;
 import org.apache.hadoop.util.concurrent.AsyncGetFuture;
 import org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Client;
 
@@ -51,9 +51,8 @@ public class AsyncDistributedFileSystem {
     this.dfs = dfs;
   }
 
-  static <T> Future<T> getReturnValue() {
+  private static <T> Future<T> getReturnValue() {
-    return new AsyncGetFuture<>(
+    return new AsyncGetFuture<>(AsyncCallHandler.getAsyncReturn());
-        ClientNamenodeProtocolTranslatorPB.getAsyncReturnValue());
   }
 
   /**

hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs-client/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/protocolPB/ClientNamenodeProtocolTranslatorPB.java

@@ -29,7 +29,6 @@ import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
 
 import org.apache.hadoop.classification.InterfaceAudience;
 import org.apache.hadoop.classification.InterfaceStability;
-import org.apache.hadoop.classification.InterfaceStability.Unstable;
 import org.apache.hadoop.crypto.CryptoProtocolVersion;
 import org.apache.hadoop.fs.BatchedRemoteIterator.BatchedEntries;
 import org.apache.hadoop.fs.BatchedRemoteIterator.BatchedListEntries;
@@ -184,6 +183,7 @@ import org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.security.token.delegation.DelegationTokenIdentifie
 import org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.protocol.DatanodeStorageReport;
 import org.apache.hadoop.io.EnumSetWritable;
 import org.apache.hadoop.io.Text;
+import org.apache.hadoop.io.retry.AsyncCallHandler;
 import org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Client;
 import org.apache.hadoop.ipc.ProtobufHelper;
 import org.apache.hadoop.ipc.ProtobufRpcEngine;
@@ -212,8 +212,6 @@ import org.apache.hadoop.util.concurrent.AsyncGet;
 public class ClientNamenodeProtocolTranslatorPB implements
     ProtocolMetaInterface, ClientProtocol, Closeable, ProtocolTranslator {
   final private ClientNamenodeProtocolPB rpcProxy;
-  private static final ThreadLocal<AsyncGet<?, Exception>>
-      ASYNC_RETURN_VALUE = new ThreadLocal<>();
 
   static final GetServerDefaultsRequestProto VOID_GET_SERVER_DEFAULT_REQUEST =
       GetServerDefaultsRequestProto.newBuilder().build();
@@ -247,12 +245,6 @@ public class ClientNamenodeProtocolTranslatorPB implements
     rpcProxy = proxy;
   }
 
-  @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
-  @Unstable
-  public static <T> AsyncGet<T, Exception> getAsyncReturnValue() {
-    return (AsyncGet<T, Exception>) ASYNC_RETURN_VALUE.get();
-  }
-
   @Override
   public void close() {
     RPC.stopProxy(rpcProxy);
@@ -391,8 +383,13 @@ public class ClientNamenodeProtocolTranslatorPB implements
         asyncReturnMessage.get(timeout, unit);
         return null;
       }
+
+      @Override
+      public boolean isDone() {
+        return asyncReturnMessage.isDone();
+      }
     };
-    ASYNC_RETURN_VALUE.set(asyncGet);
+    AsyncCallHandler.setLowerLayerAsyncReturn(asyncGet);
   }
 
   @Override
@@ -1367,17 +1364,20 @@ public class ClientNamenodeProtocolTranslatorPB implements
         rpcProxy.getAclStatus(null, req);
         final AsyncGet<Message, Exception> asyncReturnMessage
             = ProtobufRpcEngine.getAsyncReturnMessage();
-        final AsyncGet<AclStatus, Exception> asyncGet =
+        final AsyncGet<AclStatus, Exception> asyncGet
-            new AsyncGet<AclStatus, Exception>() {
+            = new AsyncGet<AclStatus, Exception>() {
           @Override
-              public AclStatus get(long timeout, TimeUnit unit)
+          public AclStatus get(long timeout, TimeUnit unit) throws Exception {
-                  throws Exception {
+            return PBHelperClient.convert((GetAclStatusResponseProto)
-                return PBHelperClient
+                asyncReturnMessage.get(timeout, unit));
-                    .convert((GetAclStatusResponseProto) asyncReturnMessage
+          }
-                        .get(timeout, unit));
+
+          @Override
+          public boolean isDone() {
+            return asyncReturnMessage.isDone();
           }
         };
-        ASYNC_RETURN_VALUE.set(asyncGet);
+        AsyncCallHandler.setLowerLayerAsyncReturn(asyncGet);
         return null;
       } else {
         return PBHelperClient.convert(rpcProxy.getAclStatus(null, req));

hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/test/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/TestAsyncDFS.java

@@ -55,6 +55,7 @@ import org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.TestDFSPermission.PermissionGenerator;
 import org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.AclTestHelpers;
 import org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.FSAclBaseTest;
 import org.apache.hadoop.ipc.AsyncCallLimitExceededException;
+import org.apache.hadoop.ipc.RemoteException;
 import org.apache.hadoop.security.UserGroupInformation;
 import org.apache.hadoop.util.Time;
 import org.junit.After;
@@ -70,7 +71,7 @@ public class TestAsyncDFS {
   public static final Log LOG = LogFactory.getLog(TestAsyncDFS.class);
   private final short replFactor = 1;
   private final long blockSize = 512;
-  private long fileLen = blockSize * 3;
+  private long fileLen = 0;
   private final long seed = Time.now();
   private final Random r = new Random(seed);
   private final PermissionGenerator permGenerator = new PermissionGenerator(r);
@@ -80,7 +81,7 @@ public class TestAsyncDFS {
 
   private Configuration conf;
   private MiniDFSCluster cluster;
-  private FileSystem fs;
+  private DistributedFileSystem fs;
   private AsyncDistributedFileSystem adfs;
 
   @Before
@@ -95,10 +96,10 @@ public class TestAsyncDFS {
         ASYNC_CALL_LIMIT);
     // set server handlers
     conf.setInt(DFSConfigKeys.DFS_NAMENODE_HANDLER_COUNT_KEY, NUM_NN_HANDLER);
-    cluster = new MiniDFSCluster.Builder(conf).numDataNodes(3).build();
+    cluster = new MiniDFSCluster.Builder(conf).numDataNodes(0).build();
     cluster.waitActive();
-    fs = FileSystem.get(conf);
+    fs = cluster.getFileSystem();
-    adfs = cluster.getFileSystem().getAsyncDistributedFileSystem();
+    adfs = fs.getAsyncDistributedFileSystem();
   }
 
   @After
@@ -113,31 +114,6 @@ public class TestAsyncDFS {
     }
   }
 
-  static class AclQueueEntry {
-    private final Object future;
-    private final Path path;
-    private final Boolean isSetAcl;
-
-    AclQueueEntry(final Object future, final Path path,
-        final Boolean isSetAcl) {
-      this.future = future;
-      this.path = path;
-      this.isSetAcl = isSetAcl;
-    }
-
-    public final Object getFuture() {
-      return future;
-    }
-
-    public final Path getPath() {
-      return path;
-    }
-
-    public final Boolean isSetAcl() {
-      return this.isSetAcl;
-    }
-  }
-
   @Test(timeout=60000)
   public void testBatchAsyncAcl() throws Exception {
     final String basePath = "testBatchAsyncAcl";
@@ -348,7 +324,7 @@ public class TestAsyncDFS {
 
   public static void checkPermissionDenied(final Exception e, final Path dir,
       final String user) {
-    assertTrue(e.getCause() instanceof ExecutionException);
+    assertTrue(e.getCause() instanceof RemoteException);
     assertTrue("Permission denied messages must carry AccessControlException",
         e.getMessage().contains("AccessControlException"));
     assertTrue("Permission denied messages must carry the username", e
@@ -470,4 +446,9 @@ public class TestAsyncDFS {
       assertTrue("group2".equals(fs.getFileStatus(dsts[i]).getGroup()));
     }
   }
+
+  @Test
+  public void testAsyncWithoutRetry() throws Exception {
+    TestAsyncHDFSWithHA.runTestAsyncWithoutRetry(conf, cluster, fs);
+  }
 }

hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/test/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/TestAsyncHDFSWithHA.java

@@ -0,0 +1,181 @@
+/**
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.hadoop.hdfs;
+
+import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
+import org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path;
+import org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.protocol.ClientProtocol;
+import org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.ha.HATestUtil;
+import org.apache.hadoop.io.retry.AsyncCallHandler;
+import org.apache.hadoop.io.retry.RetryInvocationHandler;
+import org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Client;
+import org.apache.hadoop.security.UserGroupInformation;
+import org.apache.hadoop.test.GenericTestUtils;
+import org.apache.hadoop.util.concurrent.AsyncGetFuture;
+import org.apache.log4j.Level;
+import org.junit.Assert;
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.slf4j.Logger;
+import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
+import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
+import java.util.concurrent.Future;
+
+/** Test async methods with HA setup. */
+public class TestAsyncHDFSWithHA {
+  static final Logger LOG = LoggerFactory.getLogger(TestAsyncHDFSWithHA.class);
+  static {
+    GenericTestUtils.setLogLevel(RetryInvocationHandler.LOG, Level.ALL);
+  }
+
+  private static <T> Future<T> getReturnValue() {
+    return new AsyncGetFuture<>(AsyncCallHandler.getAsyncReturn());
+  }
+
+  static void mkdirs(DistributedFileSystem dfs, String dir, Path[] srcs,
+                     Path[] dsts) throws IOException {
+    for (int i = 0; i < srcs.length; i++) {
+      srcs[i] = new Path(dir, "src" + i);
+      dsts[i] = new Path(dir, "dst" + i);
+      dfs.mkdirs(srcs[i]);
+    }
+  }
+
+  static void runTestAsyncWithoutRetry(Configuration conf,
+      MiniDFSCluster cluster, DistributedFileSystem dfs) throws Exception {
+    final int num = 5;
+
+    final String renameDir = "/testAsyncWithoutRetry/";
+    final Path[] srcs = new Path[num + 1];
+    final Path[] dsts = new Path[num + 1];
+    mkdirs(dfs, renameDir, srcs, dsts);
+
+    // create a proxy without retry.
+    final NameNodeProxiesClient.ProxyAndInfo<ClientProtocol> proxyInfo
+        = NameNodeProxies.createNonHAProxy(conf,
+        cluster.getNameNode(0).getNameNodeAddress(),
+        ClientProtocol.class, UserGroupInformation.getCurrentUser(),
+        false);
+    final ClientProtocol cp = proxyInfo.getProxy();
+
+    // submit async calls
+    Client.setAsynchronousMode(true);
+    final List<Future<Void>> results = new ArrayList<>();
+    for (int i = 0; i < num; i++) {
+      final String src = srcs[i].toString();
+      final String dst = dsts[i].toString();
+      LOG.info(i + ") rename " + src + " -> " + dst);
+      cp.rename2(src, dst);
+      results.add(getReturnValue());
+    }
+    Client.setAsynchronousMode(false);
+
+    // wait for the async calls
+    for (Future<Void> f : results) {
+      f.get();
+    }
+
+    //check results
+    for (int i = 0; i < num; i++) {
+      Assert.assertEquals(false, dfs.exists(srcs[i]));
+      Assert.assertEquals(true, dfs.exists(dsts[i]));
+    }
+  }
+
+  /** Testing HDFS async methods with HA setup. */
+  @Test(timeout = 120000)
+  public void testAsyncWithHAFailover() throws Exception {
+    final int num = 10;
+
+    final Configuration conf = new HdfsConfiguration();
+    final MiniDFSCluster cluster = new MiniDFSCluster.Builder(conf)
+        .nnTopology(MiniDFSNNTopology.simpleHATopology())
+        .numDataNodes(0).build();
+
+    try {
+      cluster.waitActive();
+      cluster.transitionToActive(0);
+
+      final DistributedFileSystem dfs = HATestUtil.configureFailoverFs(
+          cluster, conf);
+      runTestAsyncWithoutRetry(conf, cluster, dfs);
+
+      final String renameDir = "/testAsyncWithHAFailover/";
+      final Path[] srcs = new Path[num + 1];
+      final Path[] dsts = new Path[num + 1];
+      mkdirs(dfs, renameDir, srcs, dsts);
+
+      // submit async calls and trigger failover in the middle.
+      final AsyncDistributedFileSystem adfs
+          = dfs.getAsyncDistributedFileSystem();
+      final ExecutorService executor = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(num + 1);
+
+      final List<Future<Void>> results = new ArrayList<>();
+      final List<IOException> exceptions = new ArrayList<>();
+      final List<Future<?>> futures = new ArrayList<>();
+      final int half = num/2;
+      for(int i = 0; i <= num; i++) {
+        final int id = i;
+        futures.add(executor.submit(new Runnable() {
+          @Override
+          public void run() {
+            try {
+              if (id == half) {
+                // failover
+                cluster.shutdownNameNode(0);
+                cluster.transitionToActive(1);
+              } else {
+                // rename
+                results.add(adfs.rename(srcs[id], dsts[id]));
+              }
+            } catch (IOException e) {
+              exceptions.add(e);
+            }
+          }
+        }));
+      }
+
+      // wait for the tasks
+      Assert.assertEquals(num + 1, futures.size());
+      for(int i = 0; i <= num; i++) {
+        futures.get(i).get();
+      }
+      // wait for the async calls
+      Assert.assertEquals(num, results.size());
+      Assert.assertTrue(exceptions.isEmpty());
+      for(Future<Void> r : results) {
+        r.get();
+      }
+
+      // check results
+      for(int i = 0; i <= num; i++) {
+        final boolean renamed = i != half;
+        Assert.assertEquals(!renamed, dfs.exists(srcs[i]));
+        Assert.assertEquals(renamed, dfs.exists(dsts[i]));
+      }
+    } finally {
+      if (cluster != null) {
+        cluster.shutdown();
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}

hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/test/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdfs/server/namenode/ha/HATestUtil.java

@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@ import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
 import org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileSystem;
 import org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.DFSConfigKeys;
 import org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.DFSUtil;
+import org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.DistributedFileSystem;
 import org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.MiniDFSCluster;
 import org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.client.HdfsClientConfigKeys;
 import org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.protocol.HdfsConstants;
@@ -135,7 +136,8 @@ public abstract class HATestUtil {
   }
   
   /** Gets the filesystem instance by setting the failover configurations */
-  public static FileSystem configureFailoverFs(MiniDFSCluster cluster, Configuration conf)
+  public static DistributedFileSystem configureFailoverFs(
+      MiniDFSCluster cluster, Configuration conf)
       throws IOException, URISyntaxException {
     return configureFailoverFs(cluster, conf, 0);
   }
@@ -147,13 +149,14 @@ public abstract class HATestUtil {
    * @param nsIndex namespace index starting with zero
    * @throws IOException if an error occurs rolling the edit log
    */
-  public static FileSystem configureFailoverFs(MiniDFSCluster cluster, Configuration conf,
+  public static DistributedFileSystem configureFailoverFs(
+      MiniDFSCluster cluster, Configuration conf,
       int nsIndex) throws IOException, URISyntaxException {
     conf = new Configuration(conf);
     String logicalName = getLogicalHostname(cluster);
     setFailoverConfigurations(cluster, conf, logicalName, nsIndex);
     FileSystem fs = FileSystem.get(new URI("hdfs://" + logicalName), conf);
-    return fs;
+    return (DistributedFileSystem)fs;
   }
   
   public static void setFailoverConfigurations(MiniDFSCluster cluster,