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<h1>Introduction to The Solr Enterprise Search Server</h1>
<div id="minitoc-area">
<ul class="minitoc">
<li>
<a href="#Solr+in+a+Nutshell">Solr in a Nutshell</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="#Solr+Uses+the+Lucene+Search+Library+and+Extends+it%21">Solr Uses the Lucene Search Library and Extends it!</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="#Detailed+Features">Detailed Features</a>
<ul class="minitoc">
<li>
<a href="#Schema">Schema</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="#Query">Query</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="#Core">Core</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="#Caching">Caching</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="#Replication">Replication</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="#Admin+Interface">Admin Interface</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<a name="N1000D"></a><a name="Solr+in+a+Nutshell"></a>
<h2 class="boxed">Solr in a Nutshell</h2>
<div class="section">
<p>
Solr is a standalone enterprise search server with a web-services like API. You put documents in it (called "indexing") via XML over HTTP. You query it via HTTP GET and receive XML results.
</p>
<ul>
<li> Advanced Full-Text Search Capabilities </li>
<li> Optimized for High Volume Web Traffic </li>
<li> Standards Based Open Interfaces - XML,JSON and HTTP </li>
<li> Comprehensive HTML Administration Interfaces </li>
<li> Server statistics exposed over JMX for monitoring </li>
<li> Scalability - Efficient Replication to other Solr Search Servers </li>
<li> Flexible and Adaptable with XML configuration </li>
<li> Extensible Plugin Architecture </li>
</ul>
</div>
<a name="N10032"></a><a name="Solr+Uses+the+Lucene+Search+Library+and+Extends+it%21"></a>
<h2 class="boxed">Solr Uses the Lucene Search Library and Extends it!</h2>
<div class="section">
<ul>
<li> A Real Data Schema, with Numeric Types, Dynamic Fields, Unique Keys </li>
<li> Powerful Extensions to the Lucene Query Language </li>
<li> Faceted Search and Filtering </li>
<li> Advanced, Configurable Text Analysis </li>
<li> Highly Configurable and User Extensible Caching </li>
<li> Performance Optimizations </li>
<li> External Configuration via XML </li>
<li> An Administration Interface </li>
<li> Monitorable Logging </li>
<li> Fast Incremental Updates and Index Replication </li>
<li> Highly Scalable Distributed search with sharded index across multiple hosts </li>
<li> XML, CSV/delimited-text, and binary update formats </li>
<li> Easy ways to pull in data from databases and XML files from local disk and HTTP sources </li>
<li> Rich Document Parsing and Indexing (PDF, Word, HTML, etc) using Apache Tika </li>
<li> Multiple search indices </li>
</ul>
</div>
<a name="N10069"></a><a name="Detailed+Features"></a>
<h2 class="boxed">Detailed Features</h2>
<div class="section">
<a name="N1006F"></a><a name="Schema"></a>
<h3 class="boxed">Schema</h3>
<ul>
<li>Defines the field types and fields of documents</li>
<li>Can drive more intelligent processing</li>
<li>Declarative Lucene Analyzer specification</li>
<li>Dynamic Fields enables on-the-fly addition of new fields</li>
<li>CopyField functionality allows indexing a single field multiple ways, or combining multiple fields into a single searchable field</li>
<li>Explicit types eliminates the need for guessing types of fields</li>
<li>External file-based configuration of stopword lists, synonym lists, and protected word lists</li>
<li>Many additional text analysis components including word splitting, regex and sounds-like filters</li>
</ul>
<a name="N10090"></a><a name="Query"></a>
<h3 class="boxed">Query</h3>
<ul>
<li>HTTP interface with configurable response formats (XML/XSLT, JSON, Python, Ruby, PHP, Velocity, binary)</li>
<li>Sort by any number of fields</li>
<li>Advanced DisMax query parser for high relevancy results from user-entered queries</li>
<li>Highlighted context snippets</li>
<li>Faceted Searching based on unique field values, explicit queries, or date ranges</li>
<li>Multi-Select Faceting by tagging and selectively excluding filters</li>
<li>Spelling suggestions for user queries</li>
<li>More Like This suggestions for given document</li>
<li>Function Query - influence the score by user specified complex functions of
numeric fields or query relevancy scores.</li>
<li>Range filter over Function Query results</li>
<li>Date Math - specify dates relative to "NOW" in queries and updates</li>
<li>Dynamic search results clustering using Carrot2</li>
<li>Numeric field statistics such as min, max, average, standard deviation </li>
<li>Combine queries derived from different syntaxes</li>
<li>Auto-suggest functionality</li>
<li>Allow configuration of top results for a query, overriding normal scoring and sorting</li>
<li>Performance Optimizations</li>
</ul>
<a name="N100CC"></a><a name="Core"></a>
<h3 class="boxed">Core</h3>
<ul>
<li>Dynamically create and delete document collections without restarting</li>
<li>Pluggable query handlers and extensible XML data format</li>
<li>Pluggable user functions for Function Query</li>
<li>Customizable component based request handler with distributed search support</li>
<li>Document uniqueness enforcement based on unique key field</li>
<li>Duplicate document detection, including fuzzy near duplicates</li>
<li>Custom index processing chains, allowing document manipulation before indexing</li>
<li>User configurable commands triggered on index changes</li>
<li>Ability to control where docs with the sort field missing will be placed</li>
<li>"Luke" request handler for corpus information</li>
</ul>
<a name="N100F3"></a><a name="Caching"></a>
<h3 class="boxed">Caching</h3>
<ul>
<li>Configurable Query Result, Filter, and Document cache instances</li>
<li>Pluggable Cache implementations, including a lock free, high concurrency implementation</li>
<li>Cache warming in background
<ul>
<li> When a new searcher is opened, configurable searches are run against
it in order to warm it up to avoid
slow first hits. During warming, the current searcher handles live requests.
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Autowarming in background
<ul>
<li>The most recently accessed items in the caches of the current
searcher are re-populated in the new searcher, enabling high cache hit
rates across index/searcher changes.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Fast/small filter implementation</li>
<li>User level caching with autowarming support</li>
</ul>
<a name="N10118"></a><a name="Replication"></a>
<h3 class="boxed">Replication</h3>
<ul>
<li>Efficient distribution of index parts that have changed</li>
<li>Pull strategy allows for easy addition of searchers</li>
<li>Configurable distribution interval allows tradeoff between timeliness and cache utilization</li>
<li>Replication and automatic reloading of configuration files</li>
</ul>
<a name="N1012D"></a><a name="Admin+Interface"></a>
<h3 class="boxed">Admin Interface</h3>
<ul>
<li>Comprehensive statistics on cache utilization, updates, and queries</li>
<li>Interactive schema browser that includes index statistics</li>
<li>Replication monitoring</li>
<li>Full logging control</li>
<li>Text analysis debugger, showing result of every stage in an analyzer</li>
<li>Web Query Interface w/ debugging output
<ul>
<li>parsed query output</li>
<li>Lucene explain() document score detailing</li>
<li>explain score for documents outside of the requested range to debug why a given document wasn't ranked higher.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
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