diff --git a/src/java/org/apache/poi/hssf/usermodel/HSSFWorkbook.java b/src/java/org/apache/poi/hssf/usermodel/HSSFWorkbook.java
index 9ad7f87354..5c85368ca4 100644
--- a/src/java/org/apache/poi/hssf/usermodel/HSSFWorkbook.java
+++ b/src/java/org/apache/poi/hssf/usermodel/HSSFWorkbook.java
@@ -48,7 +48,19 @@ import org.apache.poi.hssf.model.HSSFFormulaParser;
 import org.apache.poi.hssf.model.InternalSheet;
 import org.apache.poi.hssf.model.InternalWorkbook;
 import org.apache.poi.hssf.model.RecordStream;
-import org.apache.poi.hssf.record.*;
+import org.apache.poi.hssf.record.AbstractEscherHolderRecord;
+import org.apache.poi.hssf.record.BackupRecord;
+import org.apache.poi.hssf.record.DrawingGroupRecord;
+import org.apache.poi.hssf.record.ExtendedFormatRecord;
+import org.apache.poi.hssf.record.FontRecord;
+import org.apache.poi.hssf.record.LabelRecord;
+import org.apache.poi.hssf.record.LabelSSTRecord;
+import org.apache.poi.hssf.record.NameRecord;
+import org.apache.poi.hssf.record.RecalcIdRecord;
+import org.apache.poi.hssf.record.Record;
+import org.apache.poi.hssf.record.RecordFactory;
+import org.apache.poi.hssf.record.SSTRecord;
+import org.apache.poi.hssf.record.UnknownRecord;
 import org.apache.poi.hssf.record.aggregates.RecordAggregate.RecordVisitor;
 import org.apache.poi.hssf.record.common.UnicodeString;
 import org.apache.poi.hssf.util.CellReference;
@@ -56,6 +68,7 @@ import org.apache.poi.poifs.filesystem.DirectoryEntry;
 import org.apache.poi.poifs.filesystem.DirectoryNode;
 import org.apache.poi.poifs.filesystem.EntryUtils;
 import org.apache.poi.poifs.filesystem.FilteringDirectoryNode;
+import org.apache.poi.poifs.filesystem.NPOIFSFileSystem;
 import org.apache.poi.poifs.filesystem.Ole10Native;
 import org.apache.poi.poifs.filesystem.POIFSFileSystem;
 import org.apache.poi.ss.formula.FormulaShifter;
@@ -1178,6 +1191,22 @@ public final class HSSFWorkbook extends POIDocument implements org.apache.poi.ss
 
         return style;
     }
+    
+    /**
+     * Closes the underlying {@link NPOIFSFileSystem} from which
+     *  the Workbook was read, if any. Has no effect on Workbooks
+     *  opened from an InputStream, or newly created ones.
+     */
+    @Override
+    public void close() throws IOException
+    {
+        if (directory != null) {
+            if (directory.getNFileSystem() != null) {
+                directory.getNFileSystem().close();
+                directory = null;
+            }
+        }
+    }
 
     /**
      * Method write - write out this workbook to an Outputstream.  Constructs
@@ -1189,7 +1218,6 @@ public final class HSSFWorkbook extends POIDocument implements org.apache.poi.ss
      * @exception IOException if anything can't be written.
      * @see org.apache.poi.poifs.filesystem.POIFSFileSystem
      */
-
     @Override
 	public void write(OutputStream stream)
             throws IOException
diff --git a/src/java/org/apache/poi/ss/usermodel/Workbook.java b/src/java/org/apache/poi/ss/usermodel/Workbook.java
index a476a74f8c..0ed1a6605d 100644
--- a/src/java/org/apache/poi/ss/usermodel/Workbook.java
+++ b/src/java/org/apache/poi/ss/usermodel/Workbook.java
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 
 package org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel;
 
+import java.io.Closeable;
 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.io.OutputStream;
 import java.util.List;
@@ -30,7 +31,7 @@ import org.apache.poi.ss.util.CellRangeAddress;
  * will construct whether they are reading or writing a workbook.  It is also the
  * top level object for creating new sheets/etc.
  */
-public interface Workbook {
+public interface Workbook extends Closeable {
 
     /** Extended windows meta file */
     public static final int PICTURE_TYPE_EMF = 2;
@@ -350,6 +351,14 @@ public interface Workbook {
      */
     void write(OutputStream stream) throws IOException;
 
+    /**
+     * Close the underlying input resource (File or Stream),
+     *  from which the Workbook was read. After closing, the
+     *  Workbook should no longer be used.
+     * <p>This will have no effect newly created Workbooks.
+     */
+    void close() throws IOException;
+    
     /**
      * @return the total number of defined names in this workbook
      */
diff --git a/src/ooxml/java/org/apache/poi/POIXMLDocument.java b/src/ooxml/java/org/apache/poi/POIXMLDocument.java
index fa41a5744f..51ba84957c 100644
--- a/src/ooxml/java/org/apache/poi/POIXMLDocument.java
+++ b/src/ooxml/java/org/apache/poi/POIXMLDocument.java
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@ import java.util.Set;
 import org.apache.poi.openxml4j.exceptions.InvalidFormatException;
 import org.apache.poi.openxml4j.exceptions.OpenXML4JException;
 import org.apache.poi.openxml4j.opc.OPCPackage;
+import org.apache.poi.openxml4j.opc.PackageAccess;
 import org.apache.poi.openxml4j.opc.PackagePart;
 import org.apache.poi.openxml4j.opc.PackageRelationship;
 import org.apache.poi.openxml4j.opc.PackageRelationshipCollection;
@@ -159,6 +160,21 @@ public abstract class POIXMLDocument extends POIXMLDocumentPart{
         onDocumentRead();
         context.clear();
     }
+    
+    /**
+     * Closes the underlying {@link OPCPackage} from which this
+     *  document was read, if there is one
+     */
+    protected void close() throws IOException {
+        if (pkg != null) {
+            if (pkg.getPackageAccess() == PackageAccess.READ) {
+                pkg.revert();
+            } else {
+                pkg.close();
+            }
+            pkg = null;
+        }
+    }
 
     /**
      * Write out this document to an Outputstream.
diff --git a/src/ooxml/java/org/apache/poi/xssf/usermodel/XSSFWorkbook.java b/src/ooxml/java/org/apache/poi/xssf/usermodel/XSSFWorkbook.java
index 34d8eada76..38818c16d0 100644
--- a/src/ooxml/java/org/apache/poi/xssf/usermodel/XSSFWorkbook.java
+++ b/src/ooxml/java/org/apache/poi/xssf/usermodel/XSSFWorkbook.java
@@ -199,10 +199,11 @@ public class XSSFWorkbook extends POIXMLDocument implements Workbook, Iterable<X
      * Constructs a XSSFWorkbook object given a OpenXML4J <code>Package</code> object,
      *  see <a href="http://poi.apache.org/oxml4j/">http://poi.apache.org/oxml4j/</a>.
      * 
-     * Once you have finished working with the Workbook, you should close the package
-     * by calling pkg.close, to avoid leaving file handles open.
+     * <p>Once you have finished working with the Workbook, you should close the package
+     * by calling either {@link #close()} or {@link OPCPackage#close()}, to avoid 
+     * leaving file handles open.
      * 
-     * Creating a XSSFWorkbook from a file-backed OPC Package has a lower memory
+     * <p>Creating a XSSFWorkbook from a file-backed OPC Package has a lower memory
      *  footprint than an InputStream backed one.
      *
      * @param pkg the OpenXML4J <code>OPC Package</code> object.
@@ -218,7 +219,7 @@ public class XSSFWorkbook extends POIXMLDocument implements Workbook, Iterable<X
      * Constructs a XSSFWorkbook object, by buffering the whole stream into memory
      *  and then opening an {@link OPCPackage} object for it.
      * 
-     * Using an {@link InputStream} requires more memory than using a File, so
+     * <p>Using an {@link InputStream} requires more memory than using a File, so
      *  if a {@link File} is available then you should instead do something like
      *   <pre><code>
      *       OPCPackage pkg = OPCPackage.open(path);
@@ -1350,6 +1351,16 @@ public class XSSFWorkbook extends POIXMLDocument implements Workbook, Iterable<X
         workbook.save(out, xmlOptions);
         out.close();
     }
+    
+    /**
+     * Closes the underlying {@link OPCPackage} from which
+     *  the Workbook was read, if any. Has no effect on newly 
+     *  created Workbooks.
+     */
+    @Override
+    public void close() throws IOException {
+        super.close();
+    }
 
     /**
      * Returns SharedStringsTable - tha cache of string for this workbook