[github-243] basic version of XLookup

git-svn-id: https://svn.apache.org/repos/asf/poi/trunk@1895499 13f79535-47bb-0310-9956-ffa450edef68

poi-ooxml/src/test/java/org/apache/poi/xssf/TestXLookupFunction.java

@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+
+/* ====================================================================
+   Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+   contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+   this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+   The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+   (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+   the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+       http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+   Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+   distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+   WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+   See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+   limitations under the License.
+==================================================================== */
+package org.apache.poi.xssf;
+
+import org.apache.poi.ss.util.CellRangeAddress;
+import org.apache.poi.ss.util.CellReference;
+import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.*;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.util.Locale;
+
+import static org.apache.poi.ss.util.Utils.*;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
+
+/**
+ * Testcase for function XLOOKUP()
+ */
+public class TestXLookupFunction {
+
+    //https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/office/xlookup-function-b7fd680e-6d10-43e6-84f9-88eae8bf5929
+
+    @Test
+    void testMicrosoftExample2() throws IOException {
+        String formulaText = "XLOOKUP(B2,B5:B14,C5:D14)";
+        try (XSSFWorkbook wb = initWorkbook2()) {
+            XSSFFormulaEvaluator fe = new XSSFFormulaEvaluator(wb);
+            XSSFSheet sheet = wb.getSheetAt(0);
+            XSSFRow row1 = sheet.getRow(1);
+            String col1 = CellReference.convertNumToColString(2);
+            String col2 = CellReference.convertNumToColString(3);
+            String cellRef = String.format(Locale.ENGLISH, "%s2:%s2", col1, col2);
+            sheet.setArrayFormula(formulaText, CellRangeAddress.valueOf(cellRef));
+            fe.evaluateAll();
+            try (java.io.FileOutputStream fos = new java.io.FileOutputStream("/tmp/xlook.xlsx")) {
+                wb.write(fos);
+            }
+            assertEquals("Dianne Pugh", row1.getCell(2).getStringCellValue());
+            assertEquals("Finance", row1.getCell(3).getStringCellValue());
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    private XSSFWorkbook initWorkbook2() {
+        XSSFWorkbook wb = new XSSFWorkbook();
+        XSSFSheet sheet = wb.createSheet();
+        addRow(sheet, 0, null, "Emp Id", "Employee Name", "Department");
+        addRow(sheet, 1, null, 8389);
+        addRow(sheet, 3, null, "Emp Id", "Employee Name", "Department");
+        addRow(sheet, 4, null, 4390, "Ned Lanning", "Marketing");
+        addRow(sheet, 5, null, 8604, "Margo Hendrix", "Sales");
+        addRow(sheet, 6, null, 8389, "Dianne Pugh", "Finance");
+        addRow(sheet, 7, null, 4937, "Earlene McCarty", "Accounting");
+        addRow(sheet, 8, null, 8299, "Mia Arnold", "Operation");
+        addRow(sheet, 9, null, 2643, "Jorge Fellows", "Executive");
+        addRow(sheet, 10, null, 5243, "Rose Winters", "Sales");
+        addRow(sheet, 11, null, 9693, "Carmela Hahn", "Finance");
+        addRow(sheet, 12, null, 1636, "Delia Cochran", "Accounting");
+        addRow(sheet, 13, null, 6703, "Marguerite Cervantes", "Marketing");
+        return wb;
+    }
+
+}

poi/src/main/java/org/apache/poi/ss/formula/OperationEvaluatorFactory.java

@@ -121,17 +121,12 @@ final class OperationEvaluatorFactory {
             }
         }
         if (result != null) {
-            EvaluationSheet evalSheet = ec.getWorkbook().getSheet(ec.getSheetIndex());
-            EvaluationCell evalCell = evalSheet.getCell(ec.getRowIndex(), ec.getColumnIndex());
 
-            if (evalCell != null && result instanceof ArrayFunction) {
+            if (result instanceof ArrayFunction) {
                 ArrayFunction func = (ArrayFunction) result;
-                if(evalCell.isPartOfArrayFormulaGroup()){
-                    // array arguments must be evaluated relative to the function defining range
-                    CellRangeAddress ca = evalCell.getArrayFormulaRange();
-                    return func.evaluateArray(args, ca.getFirstRow(), ca.getFirstColumn());
-                } else if (ec.isArraymode()){
-                    return func.evaluateArray(args, ec.getRowIndex(), ec.getColumnIndex());
+                ValueEval eval = evaluateArrayFunction(func, args, ec);
+                if (eval != null) {
+                    return eval;
                 }
             }
 
@@ -142,4 +137,20 @@ final class OperationEvaluatorFactory {
 
         throw new RuntimeException("Unexpected operation ptg class (" + ptg.getClass().getName() + ")");
     }
+
+    static ValueEval evaluateArrayFunction(ArrayFunction func, ValueEval[] args,
+                                           OperationEvaluationContext ec) {
+        EvaluationSheet evalSheet = ec.getWorkbook().getSheet(ec.getSheetIndex());
+        EvaluationCell evalCell = evalSheet.getCell(ec.getRowIndex(), ec.getColumnIndex());
+        if (evalCell != null) {
+            if (evalCell.isPartOfArrayFormulaGroup()) {
+                // array arguments must be evaluated relative to the function defining range
+                CellRangeAddress ca = evalCell.getArrayFormulaRange();
+                return func.evaluateArray(args, ca.getFirstRow(), ca.getFirstColumn());
+            } else if (ec.isArraymode()){
+                return func.evaluateArray(args, ec.getRowIndex(), ec.getColumnIndex());
+            }
+        }
+        return null;
+    }
 }

poi/src/main/java/org/apache/poi/ss/formula/UserDefinedFunction.java

@@ -20,7 +20,9 @@ package org.apache.poi.ss.formula;
 import org.apache.poi.ss.formula.eval.FunctionNameEval;
 import org.apache.poi.ss.formula.eval.NotImplementedFunctionException;
 import org.apache.poi.ss.formula.eval.ValueEval;
+import org.apache.poi.ss.formula.functions.ArrayFunction;
 import org.apache.poi.ss.formula.functions.FreeRefFunction;
+
 /**
  *
  * Common entry point for all user-defined (non-built-in) functions (where
@@ -56,6 +58,13 @@ final class UserDefinedFunction implements FreeRefFunction {
         int nOutGoingArgs = nIncomingArgs - 1;
         ValueEval[] outGoingArgs = new ValueEval[nOutGoingArgs];
         System.arraycopy(args, 1, outGoingArgs, 0, nOutGoingArgs);
+        if (targetFunc instanceof ArrayFunction) {
+            ArrayFunction func = (ArrayFunction) targetFunc;
+            ValueEval eval = OperationEvaluatorFactory.evaluateArrayFunction(func, outGoingArgs, ec);
+            if (eval != null) {
+                return eval;
+            }
+        }
         return targetFunc.evaluate(outGoingArgs, ec);
     }
 }

poi/src/main/java/org/apache/poi/ss/formula/atp/AnalysisToolPak.java

@@ -180,6 +180,7 @@ public final class AnalysisToolPak implements UDFFinder {
         r(m, "WEEKNUM", WeekNum.instance);
         r(m, "WORKDAY", WorkdayFunction.instance);
         r(m, "XIRR", null);
+        r(m, "XLOOKUP", XLookupFunction.instance);
         r(m, "XNPV", null);
         r(m, "YEARFRAC", YearFrac.instance);
         r(m, "YIELD", null);

poi/src/main/java/org/apache/poi/ss/formula/atp/XLookupFunction.java

@@ -0,0 +1,266 @@
+/* ====================================================================
+   Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+   contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+   this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+   The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+   (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+   the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+       http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+   Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+   distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+   WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+   See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+   limitations under the License.
+==================================================================== */
+
+package org.apache.poi.ss.formula.atp;
+
+import org.apache.poi.ss.formula.OperationEvaluationContext;
+import org.apache.poi.ss.formula.TwoDEval;
+import org.apache.poi.ss.formula.eval.*;
+import org.apache.poi.ss.formula.functions.ArrayFunction;
+import org.apache.poi.ss.formula.functions.FreeRefFunction;
+import org.apache.poi.ss.formula.functions.LookupUtils;
+
+import java.util.Optional;
+
+/**
+ * Implementation of Excel function XLOOKUP()
+ *
+ * POI does not currently support having return values with multiple columns and just takes the first cell
+ * right now.
+ *
+ * <b>Syntax</b><br>
+ * <b>XLOOKUP</b>(<b>lookup_value</b>, <b>lookup_array</b>, <b>return_array</b>, <b>[if_not_found]</b>, <b>[match_mode]</b>, <b>[search_mode]</b>)<p>
+ *
+ * @since POI 5.2.0
+ */
+final class XLookupFunction implements FreeRefFunction, ArrayFunction {
+
+    public static final FreeRefFunction instance = new XLookupFunction(ArgumentsEvaluator.instance);
+
+    private final ArgumentsEvaluator evaluator;
+
+    private XLookupFunction(ArgumentsEvaluator anEvaluator) {
+        // enforces singleton
+        this.evaluator = anEvaluator;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public ValueEval evaluate(ValueEval[] args, OperationEvaluationContext ec) {
+        int srcRowIndex = ec.getRowIndex();
+        int srcColumnIndex = ec.getColumnIndex();
+        return _evaluate(args, srcRowIndex, srcColumnIndex, ec.isSingleValue());
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public ValueEval evaluateArray(ValueEval[] args, int srcRowIndex, int srcColumnIndex) {
+        return _evaluate(args, srcRowIndex, srcColumnIndex, false);
+    }
+
+    private ValueEval _evaluate(ValueEval[] args, int srcRowIndex, int srcColumnIndex, boolean isSingleValue) {
+        if (args.length < 3) {
+            return ErrorEval.VALUE_INVALID;
+        }
+        Optional<String> notFound = Optional.empty();
+        if (args.length > 3) {
+            try {
+                ValueEval notFoundValue = OperandResolver.getSingleValue(args[3], srcRowIndex, srcColumnIndex);
+                String notFoundText = laxValueToString(notFoundValue);
+                if (notFoundText != null) {
+                    String trimmedText = notFoundText.trim();
+                    if (trimmedText.length() > 0) {
+                        notFound = Optional.of(trimmedText);
+                    }
+                }
+            } catch (EvaluationException e) {
+                return e.getErrorEval();
+            }
+        }
+        LookupUtils.MatchMode matchMode = LookupUtils.MatchMode.ExactMatch;
+        if (args.length > 4) {
+            try {
+                ValueEval matchModeValue = OperandResolver.getSingleValue(args[4], srcRowIndex, srcColumnIndex);
+                int matchInt = OperandResolver.coerceValueToInt(matchModeValue);
+                matchMode = LookupUtils.matchMode(matchInt);
+            } catch (EvaluationException e) {
+                return e.getErrorEval();
+            } catch (Exception e) {
+                return ErrorEval.VALUE_INVALID;
+            }
+        }
+        LookupUtils.SearchMode searchMode = LookupUtils.SearchMode.IterateForward;
+        if (args.length > 5) {
+            try {
+                ValueEval searchModeValue = OperandResolver.getSingleValue(args[5], srcRowIndex, srcColumnIndex);
+                int searchInt = OperandResolver.coerceValueToInt(searchModeValue);
+                searchMode = LookupUtils.searchMode(searchInt);
+            } catch (EvaluationException e) {
+                return e.getErrorEval();
+            } catch (Exception e) {
+                return ErrorEval.VALUE_INVALID;
+            }
+        }
+        return evaluate(srcRowIndex, srcColumnIndex, args[0], args[1], args[2], notFound, matchMode, searchMode, isSingleValue);
+    }
+
+    private ValueEval evaluate(int srcRowIndex, int srcColumnIndex, ValueEval lookupEval, ValueEval indexEval,
+                               ValueEval returnEval, Optional<String> notFound, LookupUtils.MatchMode matchMode,
+                               LookupUtils.SearchMode searchMode, boolean isSingleValue) {
+        try {
+            ValueEval lookupValue = OperandResolver.getSingleValue(lookupEval, srcRowIndex, srcColumnIndex);
+            TwoDEval tableArray = LookupUtils.resolveTableArrayArg(indexEval);
+            int matchedRow;
+            try {
+                matchedRow = LookupUtils.xlookupIndexOfValue(lookupValue, LookupUtils.createColumnVector(tableArray, 0), matchMode, searchMode);
+            } catch (EvaluationException e) {
+                if (ErrorEval.NA.equals(e.getErrorEval())) {
+                    if (notFound.isPresent()) {
+                        if (returnEval instanceof AreaEval) {
+                            AreaEval area = (AreaEval)returnEval;
+                            int width = area.getWidth();
+                            if (isSingleValue || width <= 1) {
+                                return new StringEval(notFound.get());
+                            }
+                            return notFoundAreaEval(notFound.get(), width);
+                        } else {
+                            return new StringEval(notFound.get());
+                        }
+                    }
+                    return ErrorEval.NA;
+                } else {
+                    return e.getErrorEval();
+                }
+            }
+            if (returnEval instanceof AreaEval) {
+                AreaEval area = (AreaEval)returnEval;
+                if (isSingleValue) {
+                    return area.getRelativeValue(matchedRow, 0);
+                }
+                return area.offset(matchedRow, matchedRow,0, area.getWidth() - 1);
+            } else {
+                return returnEval;
+            }
+        } catch (EvaluationException e) {
+            return e.getErrorEval();
+        }
+    }
+
+    private String laxValueToString(ValueEval eval) {
+        return  (eval instanceof MissingArgEval) ? "" : OperandResolver.coerceValueToString(eval);
+    }
+
+    private AreaEval notFoundAreaEval(String notFound, int width) {
+        return new AreaEval() {
+            @Override
+            public int getFirstRow() {
+                return 0;
+            }
+
+            @Override
+            public int getLastRow() {
+                return 0;
+            }
+
+            @Override
+            public int getFirstColumn() {
+                return 0;
+            }
+
+            @Override
+            public int getLastColumn() {
+                return width - 1;
+            }
+
+            @Override
+            public ValueEval getAbsoluteValue(int row, int col) {
+                if (col == 0) {
+                    return new StringEval(notFound);
+                }
+                return new StringEval("");
+            }
+
+            @Override
+            public boolean contains(int row, int col) {
+                return containsRow(row) && containsColumn(col);
+            }
+
+            @Override
+            public boolean containsColumn(int col) {
+                return col < width;
+            }
+
+            @Override
+            public boolean containsRow(int row) {
+                return row == 0;
+            }
+
+            @Override
+            public int getWidth() {
+                return width;
+            }
+
+            @Override
+            public int getHeight() {
+                return 1;
+            }
+
+            @Override
+            public ValueEval getRelativeValue(int relativeRowIndex, int relativeColumnIndex) {
+                return getAbsoluteValue(relativeRowIndex, relativeColumnIndex);
+            }
+
+            @Override
+            public AreaEval offset(int relFirstRowIx, int relLastRowIx, int relFirstColIx, int relLastColIx) {
+                return null;
+            }
+
+            @Override
+            public ValueEval getValue(int sheetIndex, int rowIndex, int columnIndex) {
+                return getAbsoluteValue(rowIndex, columnIndex);
+            }
+
+            @Override
+            public int getFirstSheetIndex() {
+                return 0;
+            }
+
+            @Override
+            public int getLastSheetIndex() {
+                return 0;
+            }
+
+            @Override
+            public ValueEval getValue(int rowIndex, int columnIndex) {
+                return getAbsoluteValue(rowIndex, columnIndex);
+            }
+
+            @Override
+            public boolean isColumn() {
+                return false;
+            }
+
+            @Override
+            public TwoDEval getRow(int rowIndex) {
+                return null;
+            }
+
+            @Override
+            public TwoDEval getColumn(int columnIndex) {
+                return null;
+            }
+
+            @Override
+            public boolean isSubTotal(int rowIndex, int columnIndex) {
+                return false;
+            }
+
+            @Override
+            public boolean isRowHidden(int rowIndex) {
+                return false;
+            }
+        };
+    }
+}

poi/src/main/java/org/apache/poi/ss/formula/functions/Hlookup.java

@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ public final class Hlookup extends Var3or4ArgFunction  {
             ValueEval lookupValue = OperandResolver.getSingleValue(arg0, srcRowIndex, srcColumnIndex);
             TwoDEval tableArray = LookupUtils.resolveTableArrayArg(arg1);
             boolean isRangeLookup = LookupUtils.resolveRangeLookupArg(arg3, srcRowIndex, srcColumnIndex);
-            int colIndex = LookupUtils.lookupIndexOfValue(lookupValue, LookupUtils.createRowVector(tableArray, 0), isRangeLookup);
+            int colIndex = LookupUtils.lookupFirstIndexOfValue(lookupValue, LookupUtils.createRowVector(tableArray, 0), isRangeLookup);
             int rowIndex = LookupUtils.resolveRowOrColIndexArg(arg2, srcRowIndex, srcColumnIndex);
             ValueVector resultCol = createResultColumnVector(tableArray, rowIndex);
             return resultCol.getItem(colIndex);

poi/src/main/java/org/apache/poi/ss/formula/functions/Lookup.java

@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ public final class Lookup extends Var2or3ArgFunction {
             // if a rectangular area reference was passed in as arg1, lookupVector and resultVector should be the same size
             assert (lookupVector.getSize() == resultVector.getSize());
 
-            int index = LookupUtils.lookupIndexOfValue(lookupValue, lookupVector, true);
+            int index = LookupUtils.lookupFirstIndexOfValue(lookupValue, lookupVector, true);
             return resultVector.getItem(index);
         } catch (final EvaluationException e) {
             return e.getErrorEval();
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ public final class Lookup extends Var2or3ArgFunction {
                 // Excel seems to handle this by accessing past the end of the result vector.
                 throw new RuntimeException("Lookup vector and result vector of differing sizes not supported yet");
             }
-            int index = LookupUtils.lookupIndexOfValue(lookupValue, lookupVector, true);
+            int index = LookupUtils.lookupFirstIndexOfValue(lookupValue, lookupVector, true);
 
             return resultVector.getItem(index);
         } catch (EvaluationException e) {

poi/src/main/java/org/apache/poi/ss/formula/functions/LookupUtils.java

@@ -17,6 +17,8 @@
 
 package org.apache.poi.ss.formula.functions;
 
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.Map;
 import java.util.regex.Matcher;
 import java.util.regex.Pattern;
 
@@ -40,6 +42,64 @@ import org.apache.poi.util.Internal;
 @Internal
 public final class LookupUtils {
 
+    public enum MatchMode {
+        ExactMatch(0),
+        ExactMatchFallbackToSmallerValue(-1),
+        ExactMatchFallbackToLargerValue(1),
+        WildcardMatch(2);
+
+        private final int intValue;
+
+        MatchMode(final int intValue) {
+            this.intValue = intValue;
+        }
+
+        public int getIntValue() { return intValue; }
+    }
+
+    public enum SearchMode {
+        IterateForward(1),
+        IterateBackward(-1),
+        BinarySearchForward(2),
+        BinarySearchBackward(-2);
+
+        private final int intValue;
+
+        SearchMode(final int intValue) {
+            this.intValue = intValue;
+        }
+
+        public int getIntValue() { return intValue; }
+    }
+
+    private static Map<Integer, MatchMode> matchModeMap = new HashMap<>();
+    private static Map<Integer, SearchMode> searchModeMap = new HashMap<>();
+
+    static {
+        for (MatchMode mode : MatchMode.values()) {
+            matchModeMap.put(mode.getIntValue(), mode);
+        }
+        for (SearchMode mode : SearchMode.values()) {
+            searchModeMap.put(mode.getIntValue(), mode);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static MatchMode matchMode(int m) {
+        MatchMode mode = matchModeMap.get(m);
+        if (mode == null) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("unknown match mode " + m);
+        }
+        return mode;
+    }
+
+    public static SearchMode searchMode(int s) {
+        SearchMode mode = searchModeMap.get(s);
+        if (mode == null) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("unknown search mode " + s);
+        }
+        return mode;
+    }
+
     /**
      * Represents a single row or column within an {@code AreaEval}.
      */
@@ -284,13 +344,12 @@ public final class LookupUtils {
         protected abstract String getValueAsString();
     }
 
+    private static class StringLookupComparer extends LookupValueComparerBase {
 
-    private static final class StringLookupComparer extends LookupValueComparerBase {
-
-        private final String _value;
-        private final Pattern _wildCardPattern;
-        private final boolean _matchExact;
-        private final boolean _isMatchFunction;
+        protected final String _value;
+        protected final Pattern _wildCardPattern;
+        protected final boolean _matchExact;
+        protected final boolean _isMatchFunction;
 
         protected StringLookupComparer(StringEval se, boolean matchExact, boolean isMatchFunction) {
             super(se);
@@ -300,11 +359,14 @@ public final class LookupUtils {
             _isMatchFunction = isMatchFunction;
         }
 
+        protected String convertToString(ValueEval other) {
+            StringEval se = (StringEval) other;
+            return se.getStringValue();
+        }
+
         @Override
         protected CompareResult compareSameType(ValueEval other) {
-            StringEval se = (StringEval) other;
-
-            String stringValue = se.getStringValue();
+            String stringValue = convertToString(other);
             if (_wildCardPattern != null && (_isMatchFunction || !_matchExact)) {
                 Matcher matcher = _wildCardPattern.matcher(stringValue);
                 boolean matches = matcher.matches();
@@ -319,6 +381,27 @@ public final class LookupUtils {
             return _value;
         }
     }
+
+    private static final class TolerantStringLookupComparer extends StringLookupComparer {
+
+        static StringEval convertToStringEval(ValueEval eval) {
+            if (eval instanceof StringEval) {
+                return (StringEval)eval;
+            }
+            String sv = OperandResolver.coerceValueToString(eval);
+            return new StringEval(sv);
+        }
+
+        protected TolerantStringLookupComparer(ValueEval eval, boolean matchExact, boolean isMatchFunction) {
+            super(convertToStringEval(eval), matchExact, isMatchFunction);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        protected String convertToString(ValueEval other) {
+            return OperandResolver.coerceValueToString(other);
+        }
+    }
+
     private static final class NumberLookupComparer extends LookupValueComparerBase {
         private final double _value;
 
@@ -493,13 +576,13 @@ public final class LookupUtils {
         throw new RuntimeException("Unexpected eval type (" + valEval + ")");
     }
 
-    public static int lookupIndexOfValue(ValueEval lookupValue, ValueVector vector, boolean isRangeLookup) throws EvaluationException {
+    public static int lookupFirstIndexOfValue(ValueEval lookupValue, ValueVector vector, boolean isRangeLookup) throws EvaluationException {
         LookupValueComparer lookupComparer = createLookupComparer(lookupValue, isRangeLookup, false);
         int result;
         if(isRangeLookup) {
             result = performBinarySearch(vector, lookupComparer);
         } else {
-            result = lookupIndexOfExactValue(lookupComparer, vector);
+            result = lookupFirstIndexOfValue(lookupComparer, vector, MatchMode.ExactMatch);
         }
         if(result < 0) {
             throw new EvaluationException(ErrorEval.NA);
@@ -507,26 +590,129 @@ public final class LookupUtils {
         return result;
     }
 
+    public static int xlookupIndexOfValue(ValueEval lookupValue, ValueVector vector, MatchMode matchMode, SearchMode searchMode) throws EvaluationException {
+        LookupValueComparer lookupComparer = createTolerantLookupComparer(lookupValue, true, true);
+        int result;
+        if (searchMode == SearchMode.IterateBackward || searchMode == SearchMode.BinarySearchBackward) {
+            result = lookupLastIndexOfValue(lookupComparer, vector, matchMode);
+        } else {
+            result = lookupFirstIndexOfValue(lookupComparer, vector, matchMode);
+        }
+        if(result < 0) {
+            throw new EvaluationException(ErrorEval.NA);
+        }
+        return result;
+    }
 
     /**
-     * Finds first (lowest index) exact occurrence of specified value.
+     * Finds first (lowest index) matching occurrence of specified value.
      * @param lookupComparer the value to be found in column or row vector
      * @param vector the values to be searched. For VLOOKUP this is the first column of the
      *  tableArray. For HLOOKUP this is the first row of the tableArray.
+     * @param matchMode
      * @return zero based index into the vector, -1 if value cannot be found
      */
-    private static int lookupIndexOfExactValue(LookupValueComparer lookupComparer, ValueVector vector) {
+    private static int lookupFirstIndexOfValue(LookupValueComparer lookupComparer, ValueVector vector,
+                                               MatchMode matchMode) {
 
         // find first occurrence of lookup value
         int size = vector.getSize();
+        int bestMatchIdx = -1;
+        ValueEval bestMatchEval = null;
         for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
-            if(lookupComparer.compareTo(vector.getItem(i)).isEqual()) {
+            ValueEval valueEval = vector.getItem(i);
+            CompareResult result = lookupComparer.compareTo(valueEval);
+            if(result.isEqual()) {
                 return i;
             }
+            switch (matchMode) {
+                case ExactMatchFallbackToLargerValue:
+                    if (result.isLessThan()) {
+                        if (bestMatchEval == null) {
+                            bestMatchIdx = i;
+                            bestMatchEval = valueEval;
+                        } else {
+                            LookupValueComparer matchComparer = createTolerantLookupComparer(valueEval, true, true);
+                            if (matchComparer.compareTo(bestMatchEval).isLessThan()) {
+                                bestMatchIdx = i;
+                                bestMatchEval = valueEval;
                             }
-        return -1;
+                        }
+                    }
+                    break;
+                case ExactMatchFallbackToSmallerValue:
+                    if (result.isGreaterThan()) {
+                        if (bestMatchEval == null) {
+                            bestMatchIdx = i;
+                            bestMatchEval = valueEval;
+                        } else {
+                            LookupValueComparer matchComparer = createTolerantLookupComparer(valueEval, true, true);
+                            if (matchComparer.compareTo(bestMatchEval).isGreaterThan()) {
+                                bestMatchIdx = i;
+                                bestMatchEval = valueEval;
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                    break;
+            }
+        }
+        return bestMatchIdx;
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Finds last (greatest index) matching occurrence of specified value.
+     * @param lookupComparer the value to be found in column or row vector
+     * @param vector the values to be searched. For VLOOKUP this is the first column of the
+     *  tableArray. For HLOOKUP this is the first row of the tableArray.
+     * @param matchMode
+     * @return zero based index into the vector, -1 if value cannot be found
+     */
+    private static int lookupLastIndexOfValue(LookupValueComparer lookupComparer, ValueVector vector,
+                                              MatchMode matchMode) {
+
+        // find last occurrence of lookup value
+        int size = vector.getSize();
+        int bestMatchIdx = -1;
+        ValueEval bestMatchEval = null;
+        for (int i = size - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
+            ValueEval valueEval = vector.getItem(i);
+            CompareResult result = lookupComparer.compareTo(valueEval);
+            if (result.isEqual()) {
+                return i;
+            }
+            switch (matchMode) {
+                case ExactMatchFallbackToLargerValue:
+                    if (result.isLessThan()) {
+                        if (bestMatchEval == null) {
+                            bestMatchIdx = i;
+                            bestMatchEval = valueEval;
+                        } else {
+                            LookupValueComparer matchComparer = createTolerantLookupComparer(valueEval, true, true);
+                            if (matchComparer.compareTo(bestMatchEval).isLessThan()) {
+                                bestMatchIdx = i;
+                                bestMatchEval = valueEval;
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                    break;
+                case ExactMatchFallbackToSmallerValue:
+                    if (result.isGreaterThan()) {
+                        if (bestMatchEval == null) {
+                            bestMatchIdx = i;
+                            bestMatchEval = valueEval;
+                        } else {
+                            LookupValueComparer matchComparer = createTolerantLookupComparer(valueEval, true, true);
+                            if (matchComparer.compareTo(bestMatchEval).isGreaterThan()) {
+                                bestMatchIdx = i;
+                                bestMatchEval = valueEval;
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                    break;
+            }
+        }
+        return bestMatchIdx;
+    }
 
     /**
      * Encapsulates some standard binary search functionality so the unusual Excel behaviour can
@@ -652,7 +838,7 @@ public final class LookupUtils {
         return maxIx - 1;
     }
 
-    public static LookupValueComparer createLookupComparer(ValueEval lookupValue, boolean matchExact, boolean isMatchFunction) {
+    static LookupValueComparer createLookupComparer(ValueEval lookupValue, boolean matchExact, boolean isMatchFunction) {
 
         if (lookupValue == BlankEval.instance) {
             // blank eval translates to zero
@@ -672,4 +858,17 @@ public final class LookupUtils {
         }
         throw new IllegalArgumentException("Bad lookup value type (" + lookupValue.getClass().getName() + ")");
     }
+
+    private static LookupValueComparer createTolerantLookupComparer(ValueEval lookupValue, boolean matchExact, boolean isMatchFunction) {
+        if (lookupValue == BlankEval.instance) {
+            return new TolerantStringLookupComparer(new StringEval(""), matchExact, isMatchFunction);
+        }
+        if (lookupValue instanceof BoolEval) {
+            return new BooleanLookupComparer((BoolEval) lookupValue);
+        }
+        if (matchExact && lookupValue instanceof NumberEval) {
+            return new NumberLookupComparer((NumberEval) lookupValue);
+        }
+        return new TolerantStringLookupComparer(lookupValue, matchExact, isMatchFunction);
+    }
 }

poi/src/main/java/org/apache/poi/ss/formula/functions/Vlookup.java

@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ public final class Vlookup extends Var3or4ArgFunction {
             } catch(RuntimeException e) {
                 isRangeLookup = true;
             }
-            int rowIndex = LookupUtils.lookupIndexOfValue(lookupValue, LookupUtils.createColumnVector(tableArray, 0), isRangeLookup);
+            int rowIndex = LookupUtils.lookupFirstIndexOfValue(lookupValue, LookupUtils.createColumnVector(tableArray, 0), isRangeLookup);
             int colIndex = LookupUtils.resolveRowOrColIndexArg(col_index, srcRowIndex, srcColumnIndex);
             ValueVector resultCol = createResultColumnVector(tableArray, colIndex);
             return resultCol.getItem(rowIndex);

poi/src/test/java/org/apache/poi/ss/formula/atp/TestXLookupFunction.java

@@ -0,0 +1,147 @@
+
+/* ====================================================================
+   Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+   contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+   this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+   The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+   (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+   the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+       http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+   Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+   distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+   WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+   See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+   limitations under the License.
+==================================================================== */
+package org.apache.poi.ss.formula.atp;
+
+import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.*;
+import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.*;
+import org.apache.poi.ss.util.CellRangeAddress;
+import org.apache.poi.ss.util.CellReference;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.util.Locale;
+
+import static org.apache.poi.ss.util.Utils.*;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
+
+/**
+ * Testcase for function XLOOKUP()
+ */
+public class TestXLookupFunction {
+
+    //https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/office/xlookup-function-b7fd680e-6d10-43e6-84f9-88eae8bf5929
+    @Test
+    void testMicrosoftExample1() throws IOException {
+        try (HSSFWorkbook wb = initWorkbook1()) {
+            HSSFFormulaEvaluator fe = new HSSFFormulaEvaluator(wb);
+            HSSFCell cell = wb.getSheetAt(0).getRow(0).createCell(100);
+            assertString(fe, cell, "XLOOKUP(F2,B2:B11,D2:D11)", "+55");
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void testMicrosoftExample2() throws IOException {
+        String formulaText = "XLOOKUP(B2,B5:B14,C5:D14)";
+        try (HSSFWorkbook wb = initWorkbook2(8389)) {
+            HSSFFormulaEvaluator fe = new HSSFFormulaEvaluator(wb);
+            HSSFSheet sheet = wb.getSheetAt(0);
+            HSSFRow row1 = sheet.getRow(1);
+            String col1 = CellReference.convertNumToColString(2);
+            String col2 = CellReference.convertNumToColString(3);
+            String cellRef = String.format(Locale.ENGLISH, "%s2:%s2", col1, col2);
+            sheet.setArrayFormula(formulaText, CellRangeAddress.valueOf(cellRef));
+            fe.evaluateAll();
+            assertEquals("Dianne Pugh", row1.getCell(2).getStringCellValue());
+            assertEquals("Finance", row1.getCell(3).getStringCellValue());
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void testMicrosoftExample3() throws IOException {
+        try (HSSFWorkbook wb = initWorkbook2(999999)) {
+            HSSFFormulaEvaluator fe = new HSSFFormulaEvaluator(wb);
+            HSSFCell cell = wb.getSheetAt(0).getRow(0).createCell(100);
+            assertError(fe, cell, "XLOOKUP(B2,B5:B14,C5:D14)", FormulaError.NA);
+
+            String formulaText = "XLOOKUP(B2,B5:B14,C5:D14,\"not found\")";
+            assertString(fe, cell, formulaText, "not found");
+
+            HSSFSheet sheet = wb.getSheetAt(0);
+            HSSFRow row1 = sheet.getRow(1);
+            String col1 = CellReference.convertNumToColString(2);
+            String col2 = CellReference.convertNumToColString(3);
+            String cellRef = String.format(Locale.ENGLISH, "%s2:%s2", col1, col2);
+            sheet.setArrayFormula(formulaText, CellRangeAddress.valueOf(cellRef));
+            fe.evaluateAll();
+            assertEquals("not found", row1.getCell(2).getStringCellValue());
+            assertEquals("", row1.getCell(3).getStringCellValue());
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void testMicrosoftExample4() throws IOException {
+        try (HSSFWorkbook wb = initWorkbook4()) {
+            HSSFFormulaEvaluator fe = new HSSFFormulaEvaluator(wb);
+            HSSFCell cell = wb.getSheetAt(0).getRow(1).createCell(6);
+            assertDouble(fe, cell, "XLOOKUP(E2,C2:C7,B2:B7,0,1,1)", 0.24);
+            assertDouble(fe, cell, "XLOOKUP(E2,C2:C7,B2:B7,0,1,2)", 0.24);
+            assertDouble(fe, cell, "XLOOKUP(E2,C2:C7,B2:B7,0,1,-1)", 0.24);
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    private HSSFWorkbook initWorkbook1() {
+        HSSFWorkbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook();
+        HSSFSheet sheet = wb.createSheet();
+        addRow(sheet, 0, null, "Country", "Abr", "Prefix");
+        addRow(sheet, 1, null, "China", "CN", "+86", null, "Brazil");
+        addRow(sheet, 2, null, "India", "IN", "+91");
+        addRow(sheet, 3, null, "United States", "US", "+1");
+        addRow(sheet, 4, null, "Indonesia", "ID", "+62");
+        addRow(sheet, 5, null, "Brazil", "BR", "+55");
+        addRow(sheet, 6, null, "Pakistan", "PK", "+92");
+        addRow(sheet, 7, null, "Nigeria", "NG", "+234");
+        addRow(sheet, 8, null, "Bangladesh", "BD", "+880");
+        addRow(sheet, 9, null, "Russia", "RU", "+7");
+        addRow(sheet, 10, null, "Mexico", "MX", "+52");
+        return wb;
+    }
+
+    private HSSFWorkbook initWorkbook2(int empId) {
+        HSSFWorkbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook();
+        HSSFSheet sheet = wb.createSheet();
+        addRow(sheet, 0, null, "Emp Id", "Employee Name", "Department");
+        addRow(sheet, 1, null, empId);
+        addRow(sheet, 3, null, "Emp Id", "Employee Name", "Department");
+        addRow(sheet, 4, null, 4390, "Ned Lanning", "Marketing");
+        addRow(sheet, 5, null, 8604, "Margo Hendrix", "Sales");
+        addRow(sheet, 6, null, 8389, "Dianne Pugh", "Finance");
+        addRow(sheet, 7, null, 4937, "Earlene McCarty", "Accounting");
+        addRow(sheet, 8, null, 8299, "Mia Arnold", "Operation");
+        addRow(sheet, 9, null, 2643, "Jorge Fellows", "Executive");
+        addRow(sheet, 10, null, 5243, "Rose Winters", "Sales");
+        addRow(sheet, 11, null, 9693, "Carmela Hahn", "Finance");
+        addRow(sheet, 12, null, 1636, "Delia Cochran", "Accounting");
+        addRow(sheet, 13, null, 6703, "Marguerite Cervantes", "Marketing");
+        return wb;
+    }
+
+    private HSSFWorkbook initWorkbook4() {
+        HSSFWorkbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook();
+        HSSFSheet sheet = wb.createSheet();
+        addRow(sheet, 0, null, "Tax Rate", "Max Income", null, "Income", "Tax Rate");
+        addRow(sheet, 1, null, 0.10, 9700, null, 46523);
+        addRow(sheet, 2, null, 0.22, 39475);
+        addRow(sheet, 3, null, 0.24, 84200);
+        addRow(sheet, 4, null, 0.32, 160726);
+        addRow(sheet, 5, null, 0.35, 204100);
+        addRow(sheet, 5, null, 0.37, 510300);
+        return wb;
+    }
+
+}