DATAES-899 - Add documentation for join-type.

original PR: #501

src/main/asciidoc/reference/elasticsearch-misc.adoc

@@ -99,4 +99,208 @@ If the class to be retrieved has a `GeoPoint` property named _location_, the fol
 Sort.by(new GeoDistanceOrder("location", new GeoPoint(48.137154, 11.5761247)))
 ----
 
+[[elasticsearch.misc.jointype]]
+== Join-Type implementation
+
+Spring Data Elasticsearch supports the https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/parent-join.html[Join data type] for creating the corresponding index mappings and for storing the relevant information.
+
+=== Setting up the data
+
+For an entity to be used in a parent child join relationship, it must have a property of type `JoinField` which must be annotated.
+Let's assume a `Statement` entity where a statement may be a _question_, an _answer_, a _comment_ or a _vote_ (a _Builder_ is also shown in this example, it's not necessary, but later used in the sample code):
+
+====
+[source,java]
+----
+@Document(indexName = "statements")
+public class Statement {
+    @Id
+    private String id;
+
+    @Field(type = FieldType.Text)
+    private String text;
+
+    @JoinTypeRelations(
+        relations =
+            {
+                @JoinTypeRelation(parent = "question", children = {"answer", "comment"}), <1>
+                @JoinTypeRelation(parent = "answer", children = "vote")                   <2>
+            }
+    )
+    private JoinField<String> relation;                                                   <3>
+
+    private Statement() {
+    }
+
+    public static StatementBuilder builder() {
+        return new StatementBuilder();
+    }
+
+    public String getId() {
+        return id;
+    }
+
+    public void setId(String id) {
+        this.id = id;
+    }
+
+    public String getText() {
+        return text;
+    }
+
+    public void setText(String text) {
+        this.text = text;
+    }
+
+    public JoinField<String> getRelation() {
+        return relation;
+    }
+
+    public void setRelation(JoinField<String> relation) {
+        this.relation = relation;
+    }
+
+    public static final class StatementBuilder {
+        private String id;
+        private String text;
+        private JoinField<String> relation;
+
+        private StatementBuilder() {
+        }
+
+        public StatementBuilder withId(String id) {
+            this.id = id;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        public StatementBuilder withText(String text) {
+            this.text = text;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        public StatementBuilder withRelation(JoinField<String> relation) {
+            this.relation = relation;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        public Statement build() {
+            Statement statement = new Statement();
+            statement.setId(id);
+            statement.setText(text);
+            statement.setRelation(relation);
+            return statement;
+        }
+    }
+}
+----
+<1> a question can have answers and comments
+<2> an answer can have votes
+<3> the `JoinField` property is used to combine the name (_question_, _answer_, _comment_ or _vote_) of the relation with the parent id. The generic type must be the same as the `@Id` annotated property.
+====
+
+Spring Data Elasticsearch will build the following mapping for this class:
+
+====
+[source,json]
+----
+{
+  "statements": {
+    "mappings": {
+      "properties": {
+        "_class": {
+          "type": "text",
+          "fields": {
+            "keyword": {
+              "type": "keyword",
+              "ignore_above": 256
+            }
+          }
+        },
+        "relation": {
+          "type": "join",
+          "eager_global_ordinals": true,
+          "relations": {
+            "question": [
+              "answer",
+              "comment"
+            ],
+            "answer": "vote"
+          }
+        },
+        "text": {
+          "type": "text"
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
+----
+====
+
+=== Storing data
+
+Given a repository for this class the following code inserts a question, two answers, a comment and a vote:
+
+====
+[source,java]
+----
+void init() {
+    repository.deleteAll();
+
+    Statement savedWeather = repository.save(
+        Statement.builder()
+            .withText("How is the weather?")
+            .withRelation(new JoinField<>("question"))                          <1>
+            .build());
+
+    Statement sunnyAnswer = repository.save(
+        Statement.builder()
+            .withText("sunny")
+            .withRelation(new JoinField<>("answer", savedWeather.getId()))      <2>
+            .build());
+
+    repository.save(
+        Statement.builder()
+            .withText("rainy")
+            .withRelation(new JoinField<>("answer", savedWeather.getId()))      <3>
+            .build());
+
+    repository.save(
+        Statement.builder()
+            .withText("I don't like the rain")
+            .withRelation(new JoinField<>("comment", savedWeather.getId()))     <4>
+            .build());
+
+    repository.save(
+        Statement.builder()
+            .withText("+1 for the sun")
+            .withRelation(new JoinField<>("vote", sunnyAnswer.getId()))         <5>
+            .build());
+}
+----
+<1> create a question statement
+<2> the first answer to the question
+<3> the second answer
+<4> a comment to the question
+<5> a vote for the first answer
+====
+
+=== Retrieving data
+
+Currently native search queries must be used to query the data, so there is no support from standard repository methods. <<repositories.custom-implementations>> can be used instead.
+
+The following code shows as an example how to retrieve all entries that have a _vote_ (which must be _answers_, because only answers can have a vote) using an `ElasticsearchOperations` instance:
+
+====
+[source,java]
+----
+SearchHits<Statement> hasVotes() {
+    NativeSearchQuery query = new NativeSearchQueryBuilder()
+        .withQuery(hasChildQuery("vote", matchAllQuery(), ScoreMode.None))
+        .build();
+
+    return operations.search(query, Statement.class);
+}
+----
+====
 

src/main/java/org/springframework/data/elasticsearch/core/join/JoinField.java

@@ -15,10 +15,6 @@
  */
 package org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.core.join;
 
-import java.util.Collections;
-import java.util.HashMap;
-import java.util.Map;
-
 import org.springframework.lang.Nullable;
 
 /**
@@ -56,12 +52,4 @@ public class JoinField<ID> {
 	public String getName() {
 		return name;
 	}
-
-	public Map<String, Object> getAsMap() {
-		Map<String, Object> joinMap = new HashMap<>();
-		joinMap.put("name", getName());
-		joinMap.put("parent", getParent());
-
-		return Collections.unmodifiableMap(joinMap);
-	}
 }

src/test/java/org/springframework/data/elasticsearch/core/ElasticsearchTemplateTests.java

@@ -3379,7 +3379,7 @@ public abstract class ElasticsearchTemplateTests {
 	void shouldUpdateEntityWithJoinFields(String qId1, String qId2, String aId1, String aId2) throws Exception {
 		org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.core.document.Document document = org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.core.document.Document
 				.create();
-		document.put("myJoinField", new JoinField<>("answer", qId2).getAsMap());
+		document.put("myJoinField", toDocument(new JoinField<>("answer", qId2)));
 		UpdateQuery updateQuery = UpdateQuery.builder(aId2) //
 				.withDocument(document) //
 				.withRouting(qId2).build();
@@ -3389,8 +3389,7 @@ public abstract class ElasticsearchTemplateTests {
 
 		// when
 		operations.bulkUpdate(queries, IndexCoordinates.of(INDEX_NAME_JOIN_SAMPLE_ENTITY));
-		indexOperations.refresh();
+		operations.indexOps(IndexCoordinates.of(INDEX_NAME_JOIN_SAMPLE_ENTITY)).refresh();
-		Thread.sleep(5000);
 
 		SearchHits<SampleJoinEntity> updatedHits = operations.search(
 				new NativeSearchQueryBuilder().withQuery(new ParentIdQueryBuilder("answer", qId2)).build(),
@@ -3423,8 +3422,7 @@ public abstract class ElasticsearchTemplateTests {
 		Query query = new NativeSearchQueryBuilder().withQuery(new ParentIdQueryBuilder("answer", qId2)).withRoute(qId2)
 				.build();
 		operations.delete(query, SampleJoinEntity.class, IndexCoordinates.of(INDEX_NAME_JOIN_SAMPLE_ENTITY));
-		indexOperations.refresh();
+		operations.indexOps(IndexCoordinates.of(INDEX_NAME_JOIN_SAMPLE_ENTITY)).refresh();
-		Thread.sleep(5000);
 
 		SearchHits<SampleJoinEntity> deletedHits = operations.search(
 				new NativeSearchQueryBuilder().withQuery(new ParentIdQueryBuilder("answer", qId2)).build(),
@@ -3439,6 +3437,13 @@ public abstract class ElasticsearchTemplateTests {
 		assertThat(hitIds.size()).isEqualTo(0);
 	}
 
+	private org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.core.document.Document toDocument(JoinField joinField) {
+		org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.core.document.Document document = create();
+		document.put("name", joinField.getName());
+		document.put("parent", joinField.getParent());
+		return document;
+	}
+
 	protected RequestFactory getRequestFactory() {
 		return ((AbstractElasticsearchTemplate) operations).getRequestFactory();
 	}