diff --git a/core/src/main/java/org/acegisecurity/AuthorizationServiceException.java b/core/src/main/java/org/acegisecurity/AuthorizationServiceException.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..dde0dc0ab9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/core/src/main/java/org/acegisecurity/AuthorizationServiceException.java
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+/* Copyright 2004 Acegi Technology Pty Limited
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package net.sf.acegisecurity;
+
+/**
+ * Thrown if an authorization request could not be processed due to a system
+ * problem.
+ * 
+ * <p>
+ * This might be thrown if an <code>AccessDecisionManager</code> implementation
+ * could not locate a required method argument, for example.
+ * </p>
+ *
+ * @author Ben Alex
+ * @version $Id$
+ */
+public class AuthorizationServiceException extends AccessDeniedException {
+    //~ Constructors ===========================================================
+
+    /**
+     * Constructs an <code>AuthorizationServiceException</code> with the
+     * specified message.
+     *
+     * @param msg the detail message
+     */
+    public AuthorizationServiceException(String msg) {
+        super(msg);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Constructs an <code>AuthorizationServiceException</code> with the
+     * specified message and root cause.
+     *
+     * @param msg the detail message
+     * @param t root cause
+     */
+    public AuthorizationServiceException(String msg, Throwable t) {
+        super(msg, t);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/core/src/main/java/org/acegisecurity/vote/BasicAclEntryVoter.java b/core/src/main/java/org/acegisecurity/vote/BasicAclEntryVoter.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a41b80a49a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/core/src/main/java/org/acegisecurity/vote/BasicAclEntryVoter.java
@@ -0,0 +1,277 @@
+/* Copyright 2004 Acegi Technology Pty Limited
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package net.sf.acegisecurity.vote;
+
+import net.sf.acegisecurity.Authentication;
+import net.sf.acegisecurity.AuthorizationServiceException;
+import net.sf.acegisecurity.ConfigAttribute;
+import net.sf.acegisecurity.ConfigAttributeDefinition;
+import net.sf.acegisecurity.acl.AclEntry;
+import net.sf.acegisecurity.acl.AclManager;
+import net.sf.acegisecurity.acl.basic.AbstractBasicAclEntry;
+
+import org.aopalliance.intercept.MethodInvocation;
+
+import org.springframework.beans.factory.InitializingBean;
+
+import java.util.Iterator;
+
+
+/**
+ * <p>
+ * Given a domain object instance passed as a method argument, ensures the
+ * principal has appropriate permission as defined by the {@link AclManager}.
+ * </p>
+ * 
+ * <p>
+ * The <code>AclManager</code> is used to retrieve the access control list
+ * (ACL) permissions associated with a domain object instance for the current
+ * <code>Authentication</code> object. This class is designed to process
+ * {@link AclEntry}s that are subclasses of {@link
+ * net.sf.acegisecurity.acl.basic.AbstractBasicAclEntry} only. Generally these
+ * are obtained by using the {@link
+ * net.sf.acegisecurity.acl.basic.BasicAclProvider}.
+ * </p>
+ * 
+ * <p>
+ * The voter will vote if any  {@link ConfigAttribute#getAttribute()} matches
+ * the {@link #processConfigAttribute}. The provider will then locate the
+ * first method argument of type {@link #processDomainObjectClass}. Assuming
+ * that method argument is non-null, the provider will then lookup the ACLs
+ * from the <code>AclManager</code> and ensure the principal is {@link
+ * net.sf.acegisecurity.acl.basic.AbstractBasicAclEntry#isPermitted(int)} for
+ * at least one of the {@link #requirePermission}s.
+ * </p>
+ * 
+ * <p>
+ * If the method argument is <code>null</code>, the voter will abstain from
+ * voting. If the method argument could not be found, an {@link
+ * net.sf.acegisecurity.AuthorizationServiceException} will be thrown.
+ * </p>
+ * 
+ * <p>
+ * In practical terms users will typically setup a number of
+ * <code>BasicAclEntryVoter</code>s. Each will have a different {@link
+ * #processDomainObjectClass}, {@link #processConfigAttribute} and {@link
+ * #requirePermission} combination. For example, a small application might
+ * employ the following instances of <code>BasicAclEntryVoter</code>:
+ * 
+ * <ul>
+ * <li>
+ * Process domain object class <code>BankAccount</code>, configuration
+ * attribute <code>VOTE_ACL_BANK_ACCONT_READ</code>, require permission
+ * <code>SimpleAclEntry.READ</code>
+ * </li>
+ * <li>
+ * Process domain object class <code>BankAccount</code>, configuration
+ * attribute <code>VOTE_ACL_BANK_ACCOUNT_WRITE</code>, require permission list
+ * <code>SimpleAclEntry.WRITE</code> and <code>SimpleAclEntry.CREATE</code>
+ * (allowing the principal to have <b>either</b> of these two permissions
+ * </li>
+ * <li>
+ * Process domain object class <code>Customer</code>, configuration attribute
+ * <code>VOTE_ACL_CUSTOMER_READ</code>, require permission
+ * <code>SimpleAclEntry.READ</code>
+ * </li>
+ * <li>
+ * Process domain object class <code>Customer</code>, configuration attribute
+ * <code>VOTE_ACL_CUSTOMER_WRITE</code>, require permission list
+ * <code>SimpleAclEntry.WRITE</code> and <code>SimpleAclEntry.CREATE</code>
+ * </li>
+ * </ul>
+ * 
+ * Alternatively, you could have used a common superclass or interface for the
+ * {@link #processDomainObjectClass} if both <code>BankAccount</code> and
+ * <code>Customer</code> had common parents.
+ * </p>
+ * 
+ * <p>
+ * If the principal does not have sufficient permissions, the voter will vote
+ * to deny access.
+ * </p>
+ * 
+ * <p>
+ * The <code>AclManager</code> is allowed to return any implementations of
+ * <code>AclEntry</code> it wishes. However, this provider will only be able
+ * to validate against <code>AbstractBasicAclEntry</code>s, and thus a vote to
+ * deny access will be made if no <code>AclEntry</code> is of type
+ * <code>AbstractBasicAclEntry</code>.
+ * </p>
+ * 
+ * <p>
+ * All comparisons and prefixes are case sensitive.
+ * </p>
+ *
+ * @author Ben Alex
+ * @version $Id$
+ */
+public class BasicAclEntryVoter implements AccessDecisionVoter,
+    InitializingBean {
+    //~ Instance fields ========================================================
+
+    private AclManager aclManager;
+    private Class processDomainObjectClass;
+    private String processConfigAttribute;
+    private int[] requirePermission;
+
+    //~ Methods ================================================================
+
+    public void setAclManager(AclManager aclManager) {
+        this.aclManager = aclManager;
+    }
+
+    public AclManager getAclManager() {
+        return aclManager;
+    }
+
+    public void setProcessConfigAttribute(String processConfigAttribute) {
+        this.processConfigAttribute = processConfigAttribute;
+    }
+
+    public String getProcessConfigAttribute() {
+        return processConfigAttribute;
+    }
+
+    public void setProcessDomainObjectClass(Class processDomainObjectClass) {
+        this.processDomainObjectClass = processDomainObjectClass;
+    }
+
+    public Class getProcessDomainObjectClass() {
+        return processDomainObjectClass;
+    }
+
+    public void setRequirePermission(int[] requirePermission) {
+        this.requirePermission = requirePermission;
+    }
+
+    public int[] getRequirePermission() {
+        return requirePermission;
+    }
+
+    public void afterPropertiesSet() throws Exception {
+        if (processConfigAttribute == null) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException(
+                "A processConfigAttribute is mandatory");
+        }
+
+        if ((requirePermission == null) || (requirePermission.length == 0)) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException(
+                "One or more requirePermission entries is mandatory");
+        }
+
+        if (aclManager == null) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("An aclManager is mandatory");
+        }
+
+        if (processDomainObjectClass == null) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException(
+                "A processDomainObjectClass is mandatory");
+        }
+    }
+
+    public boolean supports(ConfigAttribute attribute) {
+        if ((attribute.getAttribute() != null)
+            && attribute.getAttribute().startsWith(getProcessConfigAttribute())) {
+            return true;
+        } else {
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * This implementation supports only
+     * <code>MethodSecurityInterceptor</code>, because it queries the
+     * presented <code>MethodInvocation</code>.
+     *
+     * @param clazz the secure object
+     *
+     * @return <code>true</code> if the secure object is
+     *         <code>MethodInvocation</code>, <code>false</code> otherwise
+     */
+    public boolean supports(Class clazz) {
+        return (MethodInvocation.class.isAssignableFrom(clazz));
+    }
+
+    public int vote(Authentication authentication, Object object,
+        ConfigAttributeDefinition config) {
+        Iterator iter = config.getConfigAttributes();
+
+        while (iter.hasNext()) {
+            ConfigAttribute attr = (ConfigAttribute) iter.next();
+
+            if (this.supports(attr)) {
+                // Need to make an access decision on this invocation
+                // Attempt to locate the domain object instance to process
+                Object domainObject = getDomainObjectInstance(object);
+
+                // If domain object is null, vote to abstain
+                if (domainObject == null) {
+                    return AccessDecisionVoter.ACCESS_ABSTAIN;
+                }
+
+                // Obtain the ACLs applicable to the domain object
+                AclEntry[] acls = aclManager.getAcls(domainObject,
+                        authentication);
+
+                // If principal has no permissions for domain object, deny
+                if ((acls == null) || (acls.length == 0)) {
+                    return AccessDecisionVoter.ACCESS_DENIED;
+                }
+
+                // Principal has some permissions for domain object, check them
+                for (int i = 0; i < acls.length; i++) {
+                    // Locate processable AclEntrys
+                    if (acls[i] instanceof AbstractBasicAclEntry) {
+                        AbstractBasicAclEntry processableAcl = (AbstractBasicAclEntry) acls[i];
+
+                        // See if principal has any of the required permissions
+                        for (int y = 0; y < requirePermission.length; y++) {
+                            if (processableAcl.isPermitted(requirePermission[y])) {
+                                return AccessDecisionVoter.ACCESS_GRANTED;
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+
+                // No permissions match
+                return AccessDecisionVoter.ACCESS_DENIED;
+            }
+        }
+
+        // No configuration attribute matched, so abstain
+        return AccessDecisionVoter.ACCESS_ABSTAIN;
+    }
+
+    private Object getDomainObjectInstance(Object secureObject) {
+        if (secureObject instanceof MethodInvocation) {
+            MethodInvocation invocation = (MethodInvocation) secureObject;
+
+            for (int i = 0; i < invocation.getArguments().length; i++) {
+                Class argClass = invocation.getArguments()[i].getClass();
+
+                if (processDomainObjectClass.isAssignableFrom(argClass)) {
+                    return invocation.getArguments()[i];
+                }
+            }
+
+            throw new AuthorizationServiceException("MethodInvocation: "
+                + invocation + " did not provide any argument of type: "
+                + processDomainObjectClass);
+        }
+
+        return null; // should never happen
+    }
+}