diff --git a/saml2/saml2-service-provider/src/opensaml3Test/java/org/springframework/security/saml2/provider/service/authentication/OpenSamlAuthenticationProviderTests.java b/saml2/saml2-service-provider/src/opensaml3Test/java/org/springframework/security/saml2/provider/service/authentication/OpenSamlAuthenticationProviderTests.java
index 95f0cfe580..79f2071e98 100644
--- a/saml2/saml2-service-provider/src/opensaml3Test/java/org/springframework/security/saml2/provider/service/authentication/OpenSamlAuthenticationProviderTests.java
+++ b/saml2/saml2-service-provider/src/opensaml3Test/java/org/springframework/security/saml2/provider/service/authentication/OpenSamlAuthenticationProviderTests.java
@@ -244,6 +244,7 @@ public class OpenSamlAuthenticationProviderTests {
 		expected.put("age", Collections.singletonList(21));
 		expected.put("website", Collections.singletonList("https://johndoe.com/"));
 		expected.put("registered", Collections.singletonList(true));
+		expected.put("role", Arrays.asList("RoleTwo"));
 		Instant registeredDate = Instant.ofEpochMilli(DateTime.parse("1970-01-01T00:00:00Z").getMillis());
 		expected.put("registeredDate", Collections.singletonList(registeredDate));
 		assertThat((String) principal.getFirstAttribute("name")).isEqualTo("John Doe");
diff --git a/saml2/saml2-service-provider/src/opensaml4Main/java/org/springframework/security/saml2/provider/service/authentication/OpenSaml4AuthenticationProvider.java b/saml2/saml2-service-provider/src/opensaml4Main/java/org/springframework/security/saml2/provider/service/authentication/OpenSaml4AuthenticationProvider.java
index 31acccfa74..d4ac38f684 100644
--- a/saml2/saml2-service-provider/src/opensaml4Main/java/org/springframework/security/saml2/provider/service/authentication/OpenSaml4AuthenticationProvider.java
+++ b/saml2/saml2-service-provider/src/opensaml4Main/java/org/springframework/security/saml2/provider/service/authentication/OpenSaml4AuthenticationProvider.java
@@ -23,7 +23,6 @@ import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.Collection;
 import java.util.Collections;
 import java.util.HashMap;
-import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Map;
 import java.util.function.Consumer;
@@ -92,6 +91,8 @@ import org.springframework.security.saml2.provider.service.registration.RelyingP
 import org.springframework.security.saml2.provider.service.registration.Saml2MessageBinding;
 import org.springframework.util.Assert;
 import org.springframework.util.CollectionUtils;
+import org.springframework.util.LinkedMultiValueMap;
+import org.springframework.util.MultiValueMap;
 import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;
 
 /**
@@ -645,7 +646,7 @@ public final class OpenSaml4AuthenticationProvider implements AuthenticationProv
 	}
 
 	private static Map<String, List<Object>> getAssertionAttributes(Assertion assertion) {
-		Map<String, List<Object>> attributeMap = new LinkedHashMap<>();
+		MultiValueMap<String, Object> attributeMap = new LinkedMultiValueMap<>();
 		for (AttributeStatement attributeStatement : assertion.getAttributeStatements()) {
 			for (Attribute attribute : attributeStatement.getAttributes()) {
 				List<Object> attributeValues = new ArrayList<>();
@@ -655,7 +656,7 @@ public final class OpenSaml4AuthenticationProvider implements AuthenticationProv
 						attributeValues.add(attributeValue);
 					}
 				}
-				attributeMap.put(attribute.getName(), attributeValues);
+				attributeMap.addAll(attribute.getName(), attributeValues);
 			}
 		}
 		return attributeMap;
diff --git a/saml2/saml2-service-provider/src/opensaml4Test/java/org/springframework/security/saml2/provider/service/authentication/OpenSaml4AuthenticationProviderTests.java b/saml2/saml2-service-provider/src/opensaml4Test/java/org/springframework/security/saml2/provider/service/authentication/OpenSaml4AuthenticationProviderTests.java
index 6a7eb1ff0c..670c01a8e9 100644
--- a/saml2/saml2-service-provider/src/opensaml4Test/java/org/springframework/security/saml2/provider/service/authentication/OpenSaml4AuthenticationProviderTests.java
+++ b/saml2/saml2-service-provider/src/opensaml4Test/java/org/springframework/security/saml2/provider/service/authentication/OpenSaml4AuthenticationProviderTests.java
@@ -343,6 +343,7 @@ public class OpenSaml4AuthenticationProviderTests {
 		expected.put("registered", Collections.singletonList(true));
 		Instant registeredDate = Instant.parse("1970-01-01T00:00:00Z");
 		expected.put("registeredDate", Collections.singletonList(registeredDate));
+		expected.put("role", Arrays.asList("RoleOne", "RoleTwo")); // gh-11042
 		assertThat((String) principal.getFirstAttribute("name")).isEqualTo("John Doe");
 		assertThat(principal.getAttributes()).isEqualTo(expected);
 		assertThat(principal.getSessionIndexes()).contains("session-index");
diff --git a/saml2/saml2-service-provider/src/test/java/org/springframework/security/saml2/provider/service/authentication/TestOpenSamlObjects.java b/saml2/saml2-service-provider/src/test/java/org/springframework/security/saml2/provider/service/authentication/TestOpenSamlObjects.java
index e0edad7136..1727d3e4bc 100644
--- a/saml2/saml2-service-provider/src/test/java/org/springframework/security/saml2/provider/service/authentication/TestOpenSamlObjects.java
+++ b/saml2/saml2-service-provider/src/test/java/org/springframework/security/saml2/provider/service/authentication/TestOpenSamlObjects.java
@@ -327,6 +327,18 @@ public final class TestOpenSamlObjects {
 		name.setValue("John Doe");
 		nameAttr.getAttributeValues().add(name);
 		attrStmt1.getAttributes().add(nameAttr);
+		Attribute roleOneAttr = attributeBuilder.buildObject(); // gh-11042
+		roleOneAttr.setName("role");
+		XSString roleOne = new XSStringBuilder().buildObject(AttributeValue.DEFAULT_ELEMENT_NAME, XSString.TYPE_NAME);
+		roleOne.setValue("RoleOne");
+		roleOneAttr.getAttributeValues().add(roleOne);
+		attrStmt1.getAttributes().add(roleOneAttr);
+		Attribute roleTwoAttr = attributeBuilder.buildObject(); // gh-11042
+		roleTwoAttr.setName("role");
+		XSString roleTwo = new XSStringBuilder().buildObject(AttributeValue.DEFAULT_ELEMENT_NAME, XSString.TYPE_NAME);
+		roleTwo.setValue("RoleTwo");
+		roleTwoAttr.getAttributeValues().add(roleTwo);
+		attrStmt1.getAttributes().add(roleTwoAttr);
 		Attribute ageAttr = attributeBuilder.buildObject();
 		ageAttr.setName("age");
 		XSInteger age = new XSIntegerBuilder().buildObject(AttributeValue.DEFAULT_ELEMENT_NAME, XSInteger.TYPE_NAME);