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SEC-2782: Started Migration Guide from 3.x to 4.x

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[[m3to4]]
= Migrating from 3.x to 4.x
As exploits against applications evolve, so must Spring Security.
As a major release version, the Spring Security team took the opportunity to make some non-passive changes which focus on:
* Ensuring Spring Security is more secure by default
* Minimizing https://www.owasp.org/index.php/Information_Leakage[Information Leakage]
* Removing deprecated APIs
A complete listing of non-passive changes between 3.x and 4.x can be found in https://jira.spring.io/issues/?jql=project%20%3D%20SEC%20AND%20status%20in%20(Resolved%2C%20Closed)%20AND%20fixVersion%20in%20(4.0.0.M1%2C%204.0.0.M2%2C%204.0.0.RC1%2C%204.0.0.RC2)%20AND%20labels%20%3D%20passivity[JIRA]
This guide is intended to help users migrate from Spring Security 3.x to Spring Security 4.x.
NOTE: It is expected that users will be able to easily perform a successful migration within an hour.
[[m3to4-xmlnamespace-defaults]]
== Migrate XML Namespace Defaults
We updated the default values for many of the Spring Security XML Namespace Elements.
If you do not use XML based configuration, you may safely skip this section and proceed to <<m3to4-filter-urls>>
You can find a detailed list of changes and how to address them below.
[[m3to4-xmlnamespace-http]]
=== Migrate <http>
The <<nsa-http-use-expressions,http@use-expressions>> attribute's default value changed from false to true.
This means if the use-expression attribute is not explicitly configured, then the configuration will need updated.
For example, if an application using Spring Security 3.2.x contains a configuration similar to the following:
.Spring Security 3.2.x Sample Configuration
[source,xml]
----
<http> <!--1-->
<intercept-url pattern="/login" access="ROLE_ANONYMOUS"/>
<intercept-url pattern="/**" access="ROLE_USER"/>
...
</http>
----
<1> Observe that the use-expressions attribute is not provided. If it were provided, then nothing needs to be done.
The configuration will need to be updated to something similar to the following when Spring Security 4.x:
.Migration to Spring Security 4 Configuration
[source,xml]
----
<http use-expressions="false"> <!--1-->
<intercept-url pattern="/login" access="ROLE_ANONYMOUS"/>
<intercept-url pattern="/**" access="ROLE_USER"/>
...
</http>
----
<1> We explicitly provide the use-expressions attribute. Again, if the attribute was already provided, then nothing needs to be done.
*Alternatively*, the application can omit the the use-expressions attribute and switch to using expressions.
For example, something similar to the following:
.Alternative Migration to Spring Security 4 Configuration
[source,xml]
----
<http>
<intercept-url pattern="/login" access="permitAll"/>
<intercept-url pattern="/**" access="hasRole('USER')"/>
...
</http>
----
[[m3to4-xmlnamespace-form-login]]
=== Migrating <form-login>
If the `<form-login>` is being used within an application, then some of the default attributes have changed.
Below are detailed description of the changes and how to migrate:
* The <<nsa-form-login-username-parameter,form-login@username-parameter>> attribute default value changed from j_username to username. If an application explicitly provides the attribute, no action is required for the migration.
* The <<nsa-form-login-password-parameter,form-login@password-parameter>> attribute default value changed from j_password to password. If an application explicitly provides the attribute, no action is required for the migration.
* The <<nsa-form-login-login-processing-url,form-login@login-processing-url>> attribute default value changed from /j_spring_security_check to POST /login. If an application explicitly provides the attribute, no action is required for the migration.
* The <<nsa-form-login-authentication-failure-url,form-login@authentication-failure-url>> attribute default value changed from appending ?login_error to the login-page to appending ?error to the login-page. If an application explicitly provides the attribute, no action is required for the migration.
These changes mean if you have the following configuration within your XML configuration when using Spring Security 3.2.x:
.Spring Security 3.2.x Sample Configuration
[source,xml]
----
<http>
...
<form-login login-page="/login"/>
</http>
----
You will need to migrate by explicitly configuring the attributes that have new default values when migrating to Spring Security 4.x:
NOTE: Any attribute that is already explicitly provided will not be impacted and requires no action.
.Migration to Spring Security 4 Configuration
[source,xml]
----
<http>
...
<form-login login-page="/login"
username-parameter="j_username" <!--1-->
password-parameter="j_password" <!--2-->
login-processing-url="/j_spring_security_check" <!--3-->
authentication-failure-url="/login?login_error=1" <!--4-->
/>
</http>
----
<1> If the configuration does not specify the username-parameter, then it should be explicitly stated
<2> If the configuration does not specify the password-parameter, then it should be explicitly stated
<3> If the configuration does not specify the login-processing-url, then it should be explicitly stated
<4> If the configuration does not specify the authentication-failure-url, then it should be explicitly stated
**Alternatively**, the application can be updated to use the new defaults.
For example, one might update their log in form to look like the following:
.Alternative Migration to Spring Security 4.x (i.e. login.jsp)
[source,xml]
----
<c:if test="${param.error != null}"> <!--1-->
<p>Invalid username / password</p>
</c:if>
<c:url var="loginUrl" value="/login"/> <!--2-->
<form action="${loginUrl}" method="post">
<p><label for="username">User:</label></p>
<input type="text" id="username" name="username"/> <!--3-->
<p><label for="password">Password:</label></p>
<input type="password" id="password" name="password"> <!--4-->
<div>
<input name="submit" type="submit"/>
</div>
</form>
----
<1> If the configuration does not specify the authentication-failure-url, then detect that an invalid log in check to see if the HTTP parameter error is not null.
<2> If the configuration does not specify the login-processing-url, then modify the URL to submit to be "/login"
<3> If the configuration does not specify the username-parameter, then modify the username HTTP parameter to be "username"
<4> If the configuration does not specify the password-parameter, then modify the password HTTP parameter to be "password"
[[m3to4-xmlnamespace-openid-login]]
=== Migrating <openid-login>
The <<nsa-openid-login-login-processing-url,openid-login@login-processing-url>> attribute default value changed from /j_spring_openid_security_login to /login/openid.
This means if the login-processing-url attribute is not explicitly configured, then the configuration will need updated.
For example, if an application using Spring Security 3.2.x contains a configuration similar to the following:
.Spring Security 3.2.x Sample Configuration
[source,xml]
----
<http>
<openid-login /> <!--1-->
...
</http>
----
<1> Observe that the login-processing-url attribute is not provided. If it were provided, then nothing needs to be done.
The configuration will need to be updated to something similar to the following when Spring Security 4.x:
.Migration to Spring Security 4 Configuration
[source,xml]
----
<http>
<openid-login login-processing-url="/j_spring_openid_security_login"/> <!--1-->
...
</http>
----
<1> We explicitly provide the login-processing-url attribute. Again, if the attribute was already provided, then nothing needs to be done.
*Alternatively*, the application can omit the the login-processing-url attribute and update the log in form.
For example, something similar to the following:
.Alternative Migration to Spring Security 4.x (i.e. login.jsp)
[source,xml]
----
<c:url var="openidLoginUrl" value="/login/openid"/> <!--1-->
<form action="${openidLoginUrl}" method="post">
<div>
<input name="openid_identifier" type="text" value="http://" />
<input type="submit" value="Sign-In"/>
</div>
</form>
----
<1> If the configuration does not specify the login-processing-url attribute, then update the log in action to "/login/openid".
[[m3to4-xmlnamespace-headers]]
=== Migrating <headers>
As Spring Security 4.0+ <<headers,Security HTTP Response Headers>> is now enabled by default.
This means if an application did not provide the <<nsa-headers,headers>> element, then the configuration will need updated.
For example, if an application using Spring Security 3.2.x contains a configuration similar to the following:
.Spring Security 3.2.x Sample Configuration
[source,xml]
----
<http>
...
<!-- no headers element -->
</http>
----
The application will need updated.
The quickest, but not ideal, solution is to explicitly disable the headers protection using <<nsa-headers-disabled,headers@disabled>>.
For example:
.Migration to Spring Security 4 Configuration
[source,xml]
----
<http>
...
<headers disabled="true"/>
</http>
----
*Alternatively*, the application would enable Security HTTP Response Headers.
In many instances, leaving the Security HTTP Response Headers enabled will not have a negative impact on an application.
Developers are encouraged to read <<headers,Security HTTP Response Headers>> for details on using this feature.
[[m3to4-xmlnamespace-csrf]]
=== Migrating <csrf>
As Spring Security 4.0+ <<csrf,CSRF Protection>> is now enabled by default.
This means if an application did not provide the <<nsa-csrf,csrf>> element, then the configuration will need updated.
For example, if an application using Spring Security 3.2.x contains a configuration similar to the following:
[source,xml]
----
<http>
...
<!-- no csrf element -->
</http>
----
The application will need updated.
The quickest, but not ideal, solution is to explicitly disable the csrf protection using <<nsa-csrf-disabled,csrf@disabled>>.
For example:
.Migration to Spring Security 4 Configuration
[source,xml]
----
<http>
...
<csrf disabled="true"/>
</http>
----
*Alternatively*, the application would enable CSRF.
For more details refer to <<csrf-using,Using Spring Security CSRF Protection>>.
[[m3to4-xmlnamespace-remember-me]]
=== Migrating <remember-me>
If the `<remember-me>` element is being used within an application, then some of the default attributes have changed.
Below are detailed description of the changes and how to migrate:
* The <<nsa-remember-me-remember-me-parameter,remember-me@remember-me-parameter>> attribute default value changed from "_spring_security_remember_me" to "remember-me". If an application explicitly provides the attribute, no action is required for the migration.
* The <<nsa-remember-me-remember-me-cookie,remember-me@remember-me-cookie>> attribute default value changed from "_spring_security_remember_me" to "SPRING_SECURITY_REMEMBER_ME_COOKIE". If an application explicitly provides the attribute, no action is required for the migration.
These changes mean if you have the following configuration within your XML configuration when using Spring Security 3.2.x:
[source,xml]
----
<http>
...
<remember-me />
</http>
----
You will need to migrate by explicitly configuring the attributes that have new default values when migrating to Spring Security 4.x:
NOTE: Any attribute that is already explicitly provided will not be impacted and requires no action.
[source,xml]
----
<http>
...
<remember-me login-page="/login"
remember-me-parameter="_spring_security_remember_me" <!--1-->
remember-me-cookie="SPRING_SECURITY_REMEMBER_ME_COOKIE" <!--2-->
/>
</http>
----
<1> If the configuration does not specify the remember-me-parameter, then it should be explicitly stated
<2> If the configuration does not specify the remember-me-cookie, then it should be explicitly stated
**Alternatively**, the application can be updated to use the new defaults.
For example, one might update their log in form to look like the following:
.login.html
[source,xml]
----
<c:url var="loginUrl" value="/login"/> <!--2-->
<form action="${loginUrl}" method="post">
...
<p><label for="remember-me">Remember Me</label></p>
<input type="checkbox" id="remember-me" name="remember-me"/> <!--1-->
<div>
<input name="submit" type="submit"/>
</div>
</form>
----
<1> If the configuration does not specify the remember-me-parameter, then update the HTTP parameter name to be remember-me
NOTE: This approach means that previously remembered users will be forgotten since the remember me cookie name will change.
If you are fine with users needing to authenticate again, then nothing is required.
If you do not want users to authenticate, then the cookie name must be set to SPRING_SECURITY_REMEMBER_ME_COOKIE as illustrated above.
[[m3to4-filter-urls]]
== Migrate Default Filter URLs
A number of servlet Filter's had their default URLs switched to help guard against information leakage.
[[m3to4-filter-urls-cas]]
=== CasAuthenticationFilter
The `CasAuthenticationFilter` filterProcessesUrl property default value changed from "/j_spring_cas_security_check" to "/login/cas".
This means if the filterProcessesUrl property is not explicitly specified, then the configuration will need updated.
For example, if an application using Spring Security 3.2.x contains a configuration similar to the following:
[source,xml]
----
<bean id="casFilter"
class="org.springframework.security.cas.web.CasAuthenticationFilter">
<property name="authenticationManager" ref="authenticationManager"/>
</bean>
----
The configuration will need to be updated to something similar to the following when Spring Security 4.x:
[source,xml]
----
<bean id="casFilter"
class="org.springframework.security.cas.web.CasAuthenticationFilter">
<property name="authenticationManager" ref="authenticationManager"/>
<property name="filterProcessesUrl" value="/j_spring_cas_security_check"/>
</bean>
----
*Alternatively*, the `ServiceProperties` can be updated to use the new default:
[source,xml]
----
<bean id="serviceProperties"
class="org.springframework.security.cas.ServiceProperties">
<property name="service"
value="https://example.com/cas-sample/login/cas"/>
</bean>
----
[[m3to4-filter-urls-switchuser]]
=== SwitchUserFilter
* The `SwitchUserFilter` switchUserUrl property default value changed from "/j_spring_security_switch_user" to "/login/impersonate".
This means if the switchUserUrl property is not explicitly specified, then the configuration will need updated.
* The `SwitchUserFilter` exitUserUrl property default value changed from "/j_spring_security_exit_user" to "/logout/impersonate".
This means if the exitUserUrl property is not explicitly specified, then the configuration will need updated.
For example, if an application using Spring Security 3.2.x contains a configuration similar to the following:
[source,xml]
----
<bean id="switchUserProcessingFilter" class="org.springframework.security.web.authentication.switchuser.SwitchUserFilter">
<property name="userDetailsService" ref="userDetailsService" />
<property name="targetUrl" value="/" />
</bean>
----
The configuration will need to be updated to something similar to the following when Spring Security 4.x:
[source,xml]
----
<bean id="switchUserProcessingFilter" class="org.springframework.security.web.authentication.switchuser.SwitchUserFilter">
<property name="switchUserUrl" value="/login/impersonate" />
<property name="exitUserUrl" value="/logout/impersonate" />
<property name="userDetailsService" ref="userDetailsService" />
<property name="targetUrl" value="/" />
</bean>
----
*Alternatively*, the URL's within the application can be updated from:
* "/j_spring_security_switch_user" to "/login/impersonate"
* "/j_spring_security_exit_user" to "/logout/impersonate"
[[m3to4-header]]
== HTTP Response Header Configuration Changes
In Spring Security 3.x the HTTP Response Header configuration was difficult to customize.
If an application overrode a single default, then all of the other defaults would be disabled.
This was unintuitive, error prone, and most importantly not very secure.
Spring Security 4.x has changed both the Java Configuration and XML Configuration to require explicit disabling of defaults.
Additionally, it has made customizing a single default much easier.
If an application has customized the HTTP Response Header Configuration in any way, they are impacted by this change.
If the application used the defaults, then they are not impacted by this change.
A detailed description of how to configure Security HTTP Response Headers can be found in the <<headers,reference>>.
Below we highlight the changes in configuring the Security HTTP Response Headers between 3.x and 4.x.
* <<m3to4-header-xml,Migrating XML Based Configuration>>
* <<m3to4-header-jc,Migrating Java Based Configuration>>
[[m3to4-header-xml]]
=== XML Namespace HTTP Response Header Samples
In Spring Security 3.x, the following configuration
[source,xml]
----
<http>
...
<headers>
<frame-options policy="SAMEORIGIN"/>
</headers>
----
would add the following header:
[source,http]
----
X-Frame-Options: SAMEORIGIN
----
In Spring Security 4.x, the same configuration would add
[source,http]
----
Cache-Control: no-cache, no-store, max-age=0, must-revalidate
Pragma: no-cache
Expires: 0
X-Content-Type-Options: nosniff
Strict-Transport-Security: max-age=31536000 ; includeSubDomains
X-Frame-Options: SAMEORIGIN
X-XSS-Protection: 1; mode=block
----
If we want to the configuration the same, we must explicitly disable the other defaults.
[source,xml]
----
<http>
...
<headers defaults-disabled="true">
<frame-options policy="SAMEORIGIN"/>
</headers>
----
would add the following header:
[source,http]
----
X-Frame-Options: SAMEORIGIN
----
[[m3to4-header-jc]]
=== Java Configuration HTTP Response Header Samples
[[m3to4-header-jc-defaults-preserved]]
==== Migrate Headers Java Config Defaults Preserved
In Spring Security 3.x, the following configuration
[source,java]
----
http
// ...
.headers()
.addHeaderWriter(new XFrameOptionsHeaderWriter(XFrameOptionsMode.SAMEORIGIN));
----
would add the following header:
[source,http]
----
X-Frame-Options: SAMEORIGIN
----
In Spring Security 4.x, the same configuration would add
[source,http]
----
Cache-Control: no-cache, no-store, max-age=0, must-revalidate
Pragma: no-cache
Expires: 0
X-Content-Type-Options: nosniff
Strict-Transport-Security: max-age=31536000 ; includeSubDomains
X-Frame-Options: SAMEORIGIN
X-XSS-Protection: 1; mode=block
----
If we want to the configuration the same, we must explicitly disable the other defaults.
[source,java]
----
http
// ...
.headers()
// do not use any default headers unless explicitly listed
.defaultsDisabled()
.frameOptions()
.sameOrigin();
----
would add the following header:
[source,http]
----
X-Frame-Options: SAMEORIGIN
----
[[m3to4-header-jc-]]
==== Migrate Headers Java Config Method Chaining
In Spring Security 3.x, the following configuration
[source,java]
----
http
// ...
.headers()
.cacheControl()
.frameOptions();
----
would compile succesfully.
However, Spring Security 4.x it will not compile.
This is due to the fact that additional options needed to be added to support customizing the configuration.
Instead, we must chain the headers customizations with `.and()`.
For example:
[source,java]
----
http
// ...
.headers()
// do not use any default headers unless explicitly listed
.defaultsDisabled()
.cacheControl().and()
.frameOptions();
----
[[m3to4-deprecations]]
== Deprecations
TBD

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@ -368,7 +368,12 @@ This will give you access to the entire project history (including all releases
[[new]] [[new]]
== What's new in Spring Security 4.0 == What's new in Spring Security 4.0
There are https://jira.springsource.org/issues/?jql=project%20%3D%20SEC%20AND%20fixVersion%20in%20(%223.2.0.RC2%22%2C%20%223.2.0%22%2C%20%223.2.0.RC1%22%2C%20%223.2.0.M2%22%2C%20%223.2.0.M1%22)%20ORDER%20BY%20priority%20DESC%2C%20issuetype%20ASC%2C%20key%20DESC[150+ tickets resolved] with the Spring Security 4.0 release. Below are the highlights of the new features found in Spring Security 4.0. There are https://jira.springsource.org/issues/?jql=project%20%3D%20SEC%20AND%20fixVersion%20in%20(%223.2.0.RC2%22%2C%20%223.2.0%22%2C%20%223.2.0.RC1%22%2C%20%223.2.0.M2%22%2C%20%223.2.0.M1%22)%20ORDER%20BY%20priority%20DESC%2C%20issuetype%20ASC%2C%20key%20DESC[150+ tickets resolved] with the Spring Security 4.0 release.
[[new-features]]
=== Features
Below are the highlights of the new features found in Spring Security 4.0.
* <<websocket,Web Socket Support>> * <<websocket,Web Socket Support>>
* <<test,Test Support>> * <<test,Test Support>>
@ -422,6 +427,9 @@ is the same as this more concise configuration:
* Many Integration Tests Added to Samples * Many Integration Tests Added to Samples
* https://jira.spring.io/browse/SEC-2790[Deprecate @EnableWebMvcSecurity] - by updating the minimum Spring Version, we can now allow defaulting MVC integration with `@EnableWebSecurity` but still allow it to be overridden * https://jira.spring.io/browse/SEC-2790[Deprecate @EnableWebMvcSecurity] - by updating the minimum Spring Version, we can now allow defaulting MVC integration with `@EnableWebSecurity` but still allow it to be overridden
include::{include-dir}/migrate-3-to-4.adoc[leveloffset=+2]
[[jc]] [[jc]]
== Java Configuration == Java Configuration
@ -7177,7 +7185,7 @@ Can be used as an alternative to <<nsa-form-login-authentication-failure-url,aut
[[nsa-form-login-authentication-failure-url]] [[nsa-form-login-authentication-failure-url]]
* **authentication-failure-url** * **authentication-failure-url**
Maps to the `authenticationFailureUrl` property of `UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter`. Defines the URL the browser will be redirected to on login failure. Defaults to `/login?login_error`, which will be automatically handled by the automatic login page generator, re-rendering the login page with an error message. Maps to the `authenticationFailureUrl` property of `UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter`. Defines the URL the browser will be redirected to on login failure. Defaults to `/login?error`, which will be automatically handled by the automatic login page generator, re-rendering the login page with an error message.
[[nsa-form-login-authentication-success-handler-ref]] [[nsa-form-login-authentication-success-handler-ref]]