spring-security/docs/modules/ROOT/pages/servlet/authorization/authorize-requests.adoc

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[[servlet-authorization-filtersecurityinterceptor]]
= Authorize HttpServletRequest with FilterSecurityInterceptor
:figures: servlet/authorization
[NOTE]
====
`FilterSecurityInterceptor` is in the process of being replaced by xref:servlet/authorization/authorize-http-requests.adoc[`AuthorizationFilter`].
Consider using that instead.
====
This section builds on xref:servlet/architecture.adoc#servlet-architecture[Servlet Architecture and Implementation] by digging deeper into how xref:servlet/authorization/index.adoc#servlet-authorization[authorization] works within Servlet-based applications.
The {security-api-url}org/springframework/security/web/access/intercept/FilterSecurityInterceptor.html[`FilterSecurityInterceptor`] provides xref:servlet/authorization/index.adoc#servlet-authorization[authorization] for `HttpServletRequest` instances.
It is inserted into the xref:servlet/architecture.adoc#servlet-filterchainproxy[FilterChainProxy] as one of the xref:servlet/architecture.adoc#servlet-security-filters[Security Filters].
The following image shows the role of `FilterSecurityInterceptor`:
.Authorize HttpServletRequest
image::{figures}/filtersecurityinterceptor.png[]
image:{icondir}/number_1.png[] The `FilterSecurityInterceptor` obtains an xref:servlet/authentication/architecture.adoc#servlet-authentication-authentication[Authentication] from the xref:servlet/authentication/architecture.adoc#servlet-authentication-securitycontextholder[SecurityContextHolder].
image:{icondir}/number_2.png[] `FilterSecurityInterceptor` creates a {security-api-url}org/springframework/security/web/FilterInvocation.html[`FilterInvocation`] from the `HttpServletRequest`, `HttpServletResponse`, and `FilterChain` that are passed into the `FilterSecurityInterceptor`.
image:{icondir}/number_3.png[] It passes the `FilterInvocation` to `SecurityMetadataSource` to get the ``ConfigAttribute``s.
image:{icondir}/number_4.png[] It passes the `Authentication`, `FilterInvocation`, and ``ConfigAttribute``s to the `AccessDecisionManager`.
image:{icondir}/number_5.png[] If authorization is denied, an `AccessDeniedException` is thrown.
In this case, the xref:servlet/architecture.adoc#servlet-exceptiontranslationfilter[`ExceptionTranslationFilter`] handles the `AccessDeniedException`.
image:{icondir}/number_6.png[] If access is granted, `FilterSecurityInterceptor` continues with the xref:servlet/architecture.adoc#servlet-filters-review[`FilterChain`], which lets the application process normally.
// configuration (xml/java)
By default, Spring Security's authorization requires all requests to be authenticated.
The following listing shows the explicit configuration:
[[servlet-authorize-requests-defaults]]
.Every Request Must be Authenticated
====
.Java
[source,java,role="primary"]
----
@Bean
public SecurityFilterChain filterChain(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
http
// ...
.authorizeRequests(authorize -> authorize
.anyRequest().authenticated()
);
return http.build();
}
----
.XML
[source,xml,role="secondary"]
----
<http>
<!-- ... -->
<intercept-url pattern="/**" access="authenticated"/>
</http>
----
.Kotlin
[source,kotlin,role="secondary"]
----
@Bean
open fun filterChain(http: HttpSecurity): SecurityFilterChain {
http {
// ...
authorizeRequests {
authorize(anyRequest, authenticated)
}
}
return http.build()
}
----
====
We can configure Spring Security to have different rules by adding more rules in order of precedence:
.Authorize Requests
====
.Java
[source,java,role="primary"]
----
@Bean
public SecurityFilterChain filterChain(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
http
// ...
.authorizeRequests(authorize -> authorize // <1>
.requestMatchers("/resources/**", "/signup", "/about").permitAll() // <2>
.requestMatchers("/admin/**").hasRole("ADMIN") // <3>
.requestMatchers("/db/**").access("hasRole('ADMIN') and hasRole('DBA')") // <4>
.anyRequest().denyAll() // <5>
);
return http.build();
}
----
.XML
[source,xml,role="secondary"]
----
<http> <!--1-->
<!-- ... -->
<!--2-->
<intercept-url pattern="/resources/**" access="permitAll"/>
<intercept-url pattern="/signup" access="permitAll"/>
<intercept-url pattern="/about" access="permitAll"/>
<intercept-url pattern="/admin/**" access="hasRole('ADMIN')"/> <!--3-->
<intercept-url pattern="/db/**" access="hasRole('ADMIN') and hasRole('DBA')"/> <!--4-->
<intercept-url pattern="/**" access="denyAll"/> <!--5-->
</http>
----
.Kotlin
[source,kotlin,role="secondary"]
----
@Bean
open fun filterChain(http: HttpSecurity): SecurityFilterChain {
http {
authorizeRequests { // <1>
authorize("/resources/**", permitAll) // <2>
authorize("/signup", permitAll)
authorize("/about", permitAll)
authorize("/admin/**", hasRole("ADMIN")) // <3>
authorize("/db/**", "hasRole('ADMIN') and hasRole('DBA')") // <4>
authorize(anyRequest, denyAll) // <5>
}
}
return http.build()
}
----
====
<1> There are multiple authorization rules specified.
Each rule is considered in the order they were declared.
<2> We specified multiple URL patterns that any user can access.
Specifically, any user can access a request if the URL starts with "/resources/", equals "/signup", or equals "/about".
<3> Any URL that starts with "/admin/" will be restricted to users who have the role "ROLE_ADMIN".
You will notice that since we are invoking the `hasRole` method we do not need to specify the "ROLE_" prefix.
<4> Any URL that starts with "/db/" requires the user to have both "ROLE_ADMIN" and "ROLE_DBA".
You will notice that since we are using the `hasRole` expression we do not need to specify the "ROLE_" prefix.
<5> Any URL that has not already been matched on is denied access.
This is a good strategy if you do not want to accidentally forget to update your authorization rules.
====
[[filtersecurityinterceptor-every-request]]
== Configure FilterSecurityInterceptor with Dispatcher Types
By default, the `FilterSecurityInterceptor` applies to every request.
This means that if a request is dispatched from a request that was already filtered, the `FilterSecurityInterceptor` will perform the same authorization checks on the dispatched request.
In some scenarios, you may not want to apply authorization on some dispatcher types:
.Permit ASYNC and ERROR dispatcher types
====
.Java
[source,java,role="primary"]
----
@Bean
SecurityFilterChain web(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
http
.authorizeRequests((authorize) -> authorize
.dispatcherTypeMatchers(DispatcherType.ASYNC, DispatcherType.ERROR).permitAll()
.anyRequest.authenticated()
)
// ...
return http.build();
}
----
.XML
[source,xml]
----
<http auto-config="true">
<intercept-url request-matcher-ref="dispatcherTypeMatcher" access="permitAll" />
<intercept-url pattern="/**" access="authenticated"/>
</http>
<b:bean id="dispatcherTypeMatcher" class="org.springframework.security.web.util.matcher.DispatcherTypeRequestMatcher">
<b:constructor-arg value="ASYNC"/>
<b:constructor-arg value="ERROR"/>
</b:bean>
----
====