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56 lines
3.5 KiB
Plaintext
56 lines
3.5 KiB
Plaintext
[[servlet-authentication-userdetails]]
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= UserDetails
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javadoc:org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetails[] is returned by the xref:servlet/authentication/passwords/user-details-service.adoc#servlet-authentication-userdetailsservice[`UserDetailsService`].
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The xref:servlet/authentication/passwords/dao-authentication-provider.adoc#servlet-authentication-daoauthenticationprovider[`DaoAuthenticationProvider`] validates the `UserDetails` and then returns an xref:servlet/authentication/architecture.adoc#servlet-authentication-authentication[`Authentication`] that has a principal that is the `UserDetails` returned by the configured `UserDetailsService`.
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== Credentials Management
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Implementing the `CredentialsContainer` interface in classes that store user credentials, such as those extending or implementing `UserDetails`, is strongly recommended, especially in applications where user details are not cached.
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This practice enhances security by ensuring that sensitive data, such as passwords, are not retained in memory longer than necessary.
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[TIP]
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====
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In cases where user details are cached, consider creating a copy of the `UserDetails` that does not include credentials and returning the copy in the response from a custom `AuthenticationProvider` instead of the original object.
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This can help prevent the cached instance containing credentials from being referenced by the rest of the application once the authentication process is complete.
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====
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=== When to Implement `CredentialsContainer`
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Applications that do not employ caching mechanisms for `UserDetails` should particularly consider implementing `CredentialsContainer`.
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This approach helps in mitigating the risk associated with retaining sensitive information in memory, which can be vulnerable to attack vectors such as memory dumps.
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[source,java]
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----
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public class MyUserDetails implements UserDetails, CredentialsContainer {
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private String username;
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private String password;
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// UserDetails implementation...
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@Override
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public void eraseCredentials() {
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this.password = null; // Securely dereference the password field
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}
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}
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----
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=== Implementation Guidelines
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* *Immediate Erasure*: Credentials should be erased immediately after they are no longer needed, typically post-authentication.
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* *Automatic Invocation*: Ensure that `eraseCredentials()` is automatically called by your authentication framework, such as `AuthenticationManager`, once the authentication process is complete.
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* *Consistency*: Apply this practice uniformly across all applications to prevent security lapses that could lead to data breaches.
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=== Beyond Basic Interface Implementation
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While interfaces like `CredentialsContainer` provide a framework for credential management, the practical implementation often depends on specific classes and their interactions.
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For example, the `DaoAuthenticationProvider` class, adhering to the contract of `AuthenticationProvider`, does not perform credential erasure within its own `authenticate` method.
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Instead, it relies on `ProviderManager`—Spring Security's default implementation of `AuthenticationManager`—to handle the erasure of credentials and other sensitive data post-authentication.
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This separation emphasizes the principle that the `AuthenticationProvider` should not assume the responsibility for credentials management.
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Incorporating `CredentialsContainer` into your `UserDetails` implementation aligns with security best practices, reducing potential exposure to data breaches by minimizing the lifespan of sensitive data in memory.
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