discourse/app/models/post_action.rb

require_dependency 'rate_limiter'
require_dependency 'system_message'

class PostAction < ActiveRecord::Base
  class AlreadyActed < StandardError; end
  class FailedToCreatePost < StandardError; end

  include RateLimiter::OnCreateRecord
  include Trashable

  belongs_to :post
  belongs_to :user
  belongs_to :post_action_type
  belongs_to :related_post, class_name: 'Post'
  belongs_to :target_user, class_name: 'User'

  rate_limit :post_action_rate_limiter

  scope :spam_flags, -> { where(post_action_type_id: PostActionType.types[:spam]) }
  scope :flags, -> { where(post_action_type_id: PostActionType.notify_flag_type_ids) }
  scope :publics, -> { where(post_action_type_id: PostActionType.public_type_ids) }
  scope :active, -> { where(disagreed_at: nil, deferred_at: nil, agreed_at: nil, deleted_at: nil) }

  after_save :update_counters
  after_save :enforce_rules
  after_save :create_user_action
  after_save :update_notifications
  after_create :create_notifications
  after_commit :notify_subscribers

  def disposed_by_id
    disagreed_by_id || agreed_by_id || deferred_by_id
  end

  def disposed_at
    disagreed_at || agreed_at || deferred_at
  end

  def disposition
    return :disagreed if disagreed_at
    return :agreed if agreed_at
    return :deferred if deferred_at
    nil
  end

  def self.flag_count_by_date(start_date, end_date, category_id = nil)
    result = where('post_actions.created_at >= ? AND post_actions.created_at <= ?', start_date, end_date)
    result = result.where(post_action_type_id: PostActionType.flag_types_without_custom.values)
    result = result.joins(post: :topic).where("topics.category_id = ?", category_id) if category_id
    result.group('date(post_actions.created_at)')
      .order('date(post_actions.created_at)')
      .count
  end

  # Forums can choose to apply a minimum number of flags required before it shows up in
  # the admin interface. One exception is posts hidden by tl3/tl4 - we want those to
  # show up even if the minimum visibility is not met.
  def self.apply_minimum_visibility(relation)
    return relation unless SiteSetting.min_flags_staff_visibility > 1

    params = {
      min_flags: SiteSetting.min_flags_staff_visibility,
      hidden_reasons: Post.hidden_reasons.only(:flagged_by_tl3_user, :flagged_by_tl4_user).values
    }

    relation.having(<<~SQL, params)
      (COUNT(*) >= :min_flags) OR
      (SUM(CASE
        WHEN posts.hidden_reason_id IN (:hidden_reasons) THEN 1
        ELSE 0
       END) > 0)
    SQL
  end

  def self.update_flagged_posts_count
    flagged_relation = PostAction.active
      .flags
      .joins(post: :topic)
      .where('posts.deleted_at' => nil)
      .where('topics.deleted_at' => nil)
      .where('posts.user_id > 0')
      .group("posts.id")

    flagged_relation = apply_minimum_visibility(flagged_relation)

    posts_flagged_count = flagged_relation
      .pluck("posts.id")
      .count

    $redis.set('posts_flagged_count', posts_flagged_count)
    user_ids = User.staff.pluck(:id)
    MessageBus.publish('/flagged_counts', { total: posts_flagged_count }, user_ids: user_ids)
  end

  def self.flagged_posts_count
    $redis.get('posts_flagged_count').to_i
  end

  def self.counts_for(collection, user)
    return {} if collection.blank? || !user

    collection_ids = collection.map(&:id)
    user_id = user.try(:id) || 0

    post_actions = PostAction.where(post_id: collection_ids, user_id: user_id)

    user_actions = {}
    post_actions.each do |post_action|
      user_actions[post_action.post_id] ||= {}
      user_actions[post_action.post_id][post_action.post_action_type_id] = post_action
    end

    user_actions
  end

  def self.lookup_for(user, topics, post_action_type_id)
    return if topics.blank?
    # in critical path 2x faster than AR
    #
    topic_ids = topics.map(&:id)
    map = {}

    builder = DB.build <<~SQL
      SELECT p.topic_id, p.post_number
      FROM post_actions pa
      JOIN posts p ON pa.post_id = p.id
      WHERE p.deleted_at IS NULL AND pa.deleted_at IS NULL AND
         pa.post_action_type_id = :post_action_type_id AND
         pa.user_id = :user_id AND
         p.topic_id IN (:topic_ids)
      ORDER BY p.topic_id, p.post_number
    SQL

    builder.query(user_id: user.id, post_action_type_id: post_action_type_id, topic_ids: topic_ids).each do |row|
      (map[row.topic_id] ||= []) << row.post_number
    end

    map
  end

  def self.active_flags_counts_for(collection)
    return {} if collection.blank?

    collection_ids = collection.map(&:id)

    post_actions = PostAction.active.flags.where(post_id: collection_ids)

    user_actions = {}
    post_actions.each do |post_action|
      user_actions[post_action.post_id] ||= {}
      user_actions[post_action.post_id][post_action.post_action_type_id] ||= []
      user_actions[post_action.post_id][post_action.post_action_type_id] << post_action
    end

    user_actions
  end

  def self.count_per_day_for_type(post_action_type, opts = nil)
    opts ||= {}
    result = unscoped.where(post_action_type_id: post_action_type)
    result = result.where('post_actions.created_at >= ?', opts[:start_date] || (opts[:since_days_ago] || 30).days.ago)
    result = result.where('post_actions.created_at <= ?', opts[:end_date]) if opts[:end_date]
    result = result.joins(post: :topic).merge(Topic.in_category_and_subcategories(opts[:category_id])) if opts[:category_id]
    result.group('date(post_actions.created_at)')
      .order('date(post_actions.created_at)')
      .count
  end

  def self.agree_flags!(post, moderator, delete_post = false)
    actions = PostAction.active
      .where(post_id: post.id)
      .where(post_action_type_id: PostActionType.notify_flag_types.values)

    trigger_spam = false
    actions.each do |action|
      action.agreed_at = Time.zone.now
      action.agreed_by_id = moderator.id
      # so callback is called
      action.save
      action.add_moderator_post_if_needed(moderator, :agreed, delete_post)
      trigger_spam = true if action.post_action_type_id == PostActionType.types[:spam]
    end

    # Update the flags_agreed user stat
    UserStat.where(user_id: actions.map(&:user_id)).update_all("flags_agreed = flags_agreed + 1")

    DiscourseEvent.trigger(:confirmed_spam_post, post) if trigger_spam

    if actions.first.present?
      DiscourseEvent.trigger(:flag_reviewed, post)
      DiscourseEvent.trigger(:flag_agreed, actions.first)
    end

    update_flagged_posts_count
  end

  def self.clear_flags!(post, moderator)
    # -1 is the automatic system cleary
    action_type_ids =
      if moderator.id == Discourse::SYSTEM_USER_ID
        PostActionType.auto_action_flag_types.values
      else
        PostActionType.notify_flag_type_ids
      end

    actions = PostAction.active.where(post_id: post.id).where(post_action_type_id: action_type_ids)

    actions.each do |action|
      action.disagreed_at = Time.zone.now
      action.disagreed_by_id = moderator.id
      # so callback is called
      action.save
      action.add_moderator_post_if_needed(moderator, :disagreed)
    end

    # Update the flags_disagreed user stat
    UserStat.where(user_id: actions.map(&:user_id)).update_all("flags_disagreed = flags_disagreed + 1")

    # reset all cached counters
    cached = {}
    action_type_ids.each do |atid|
      column = "#{PostActionType.types[atid]}_count"
      cached[column] = 0 if ActiveRecord::Base.connection.column_exists?(:posts, column)
    end

    Post.with_deleted.where(id: post.id).update_all(cached)

    if actions.first.present?
      DiscourseEvent.trigger(:flag_reviewed, post)
      DiscourseEvent.trigger(:flag_disagreed, actions.first)
    end

    update_flagged_posts_count
  end

  def self.defer_flags!(post, moderator, delete_post = false)
    actions = PostAction.active
      .where(post_id: post.id)
      .where(post_action_type_id: PostActionType.notify_flag_type_ids)

    actions.each do |action|
      action.deferred_at = Time.zone.now
      action.deferred_by_id = moderator.id
      # so callback is called
      action.save
      action.add_moderator_post_if_needed(moderator, :deferred, delete_post)
    end

    if actions.first.present?
      DiscourseEvent.trigger(:flag_reviewed, post)
      DiscourseEvent.trigger(:flag_deferred, actions.first)
    end

    update_flagged_posts_count
  end

  def add_moderator_post_if_needed(moderator, disposition, delete_post = false)
    return if !SiteSetting.auto_respond_to_flag_actions
    return if related_post.nil? || related_post.topic.nil?
    return if staff_already_replied?(related_post.topic)
    message_key = "flags_dispositions.#{disposition}"
    message_key << "_and_deleted" if delete_post

    I18n.with_locale(SiteSetting.default_locale) do
      related_post.topic.add_moderator_post(moderator, I18n.t(message_key))
    end
  end

  def staff_already_replied?(topic)
    topic.posts.where("user_id IN (SELECT id FROM users WHERE moderator OR admin) OR (post_type != :regular_post_type)", regular_post_type: Post.types[:regular]).exists?
  end

  def self.create_message_for_post_action(user, post, post_action_type_id, opts)
    post_action_type = PostActionType.types[post_action_type_id]

    return unless opts[:message] && [:notify_moderators, :notify_user, :spam].include?(post_action_type)

    title = I18n.t("post_action_types.#{post_action_type}.email_title", title: post.topic.title, locale: SiteSetting.default_locale)
    body = I18n.t("post_action_types.#{post_action_type}.email_body", message: opts[:message], link: "#{Discourse.base_url}#{post.url}", locale: SiteSetting.default_locale)
    warning = opts[:is_warning] if opts[:is_warning].present?
    title = title.truncate(SiteSetting.max_topic_title_length, separator: /\s/)

    opts = {
      archetype: Archetype.private_message,
      is_warning: warning,
      title: title,
      raw: body
    }

    if [:notify_moderators, :spam].include?(post_action_type)
      opts[:subtype] = TopicSubtype.notify_moderators
      opts[:target_group_names] = target_moderators
    else
      opts[:subtype] = TopicSubtype.notify_user

      opts[:target_usernames] =
        if post_action_type == :notify_user
          post.user.username
        elsif post_action_type != :notify_moderators
          # this is a hack to allow a PM with no recipients, we should think through
          # a cleaner technique, a PM with myself is valid for flagging
          'x'
        end
    end

    PostCreator.new(user, opts).create!&.id
  end

  def self.limit_action!(user, post, post_action_type_id)
    RateLimiter.new(user, "post_action-#{post.id}_#{post_action_type_id}", 4, 1.minute).performed!
  end

  def self.act(user, post, post_action_type_id, opts = {})
    limit_action!(user, post, post_action_type_id)

    begin
      related_post_id = create_message_for_post_action(user, post, post_action_type_id, opts)
    rescue ActiveRecord::RecordNotSaved => e
      raise FailedToCreatePost.new(e.message)
    end

    staff_took_action = opts[:take_action] || false

    targets_topic =
      if opts[:flag_topic] && post.topic
        post.topic.reload.posts_count != 1
      end

    where_attrs = {
      post_id: post.id,
      user_id: user.id,
      post_action_type_id: post_action_type_id
    }

    action_attrs = {
      staff_took_action: staff_took_action,
      related_post_id: related_post_id,
      targets_topic: !!targets_topic
    }

    # First try to revive a trashed record
    post_action = PostAction.where(where_attrs)
      .with_deleted
      .where("deleted_at IS NOT NULL")
      .first

    if post_action
      post_action.recover!
      action_attrs.each { |attr, val| post_action.send("#{attr}=", val) }
      post_action.save
      PostActionNotifier.post_action_created(post_action)
    else
      post_action = create(where_attrs.merge(action_attrs))
      if post_action && post_action.errors.count == 0
        BadgeGranter.queue_badge_grant(Badge::Trigger::PostAction, post_action: post_action)
      end
    end

    if post_action && PostActionType.notify_flag_type_ids.include?(post_action_type_id)
      DiscourseEvent.trigger(:flag_created, post_action)
    end

    GivenDailyLike.increment_for(user.id) if post_action_type_id == PostActionType.types[:like]

    # agree with other flags
    if staff_took_action
      PostAction.agree_flags!(post, user)
      post_action.try(:update_counters)
    end

    post_action
  rescue ActiveRecord::RecordNotUnique
    # can happen despite being .create
    # since already bookmarked
    PostAction.where(where_attrs).first
  end

  def self.copy(original_post, target_post)
    cols_to_copy = (column_names - %w{id post_id}).join(', ')

    DB.exec <<~SQL
    INSERT INTO post_actions(post_id, #{cols_to_copy})
    SELECT #{target_post.id}, #{cols_to_copy}
    FROM post_actions
    WHERE post_id = #{original_post.id}
    SQL

    target_post.post_actions.each { |post_action| post_action.update_counters }
  end

  def self.remove_act(user, post, post_action_type_id)

    limit_action!(user, post, post_action_type_id)

    finder = PostAction.where(post_id: post.id, user_id: user.id, post_action_type_id: post_action_type_id)
    finder = finder.with_deleted.includes(:post) if user.try(:staff?)
    if action = finder.first
      action.remove_act!(user)
      action.post.unhide! if action.staff_took_action
      GivenDailyLike.decrement_for(user.id) if post_action_type_id == PostActionType.types[:like]
    end
  end

  def remove_act!(user)
    trash!(user)
    # NOTE: save is called to ensure all callbacks are called
    # trash will not trigger callbacks, and triggering after_commit
    # is not trivial
    save
  end

  def is_bookmark?
    post_action_type_id == PostActionType.types[:bookmark]
  end

  def is_like?
    post_action_type_id == PostActionType.types[:like]
  end

  def is_flag?
    !!PostActionType.notify_flag_types[post_action_type_id]
  end

  def is_private_message?
    post_action_type_id == PostActionType.types[:notify_user] ||
    post_action_type_id == PostActionType.types[:notify_moderators]
  end

  # A custom rate limiter for this model
  def post_action_rate_limiter
    return unless is_flag? || is_bookmark? || is_like?

    return @rate_limiter if @rate_limiter.present?

    %w(like flag bookmark).each do |type|
      if send("is_#{type}?")
        limit = SiteSetting.send("max_#{type}s_per_day")

        if is_like? && user && user.trust_level >= 2
          multiplier = SiteSetting.send("tl#{user.trust_level}_additional_likes_per_day_multiplier").to_f
          multiplier = 1.0 if multiplier < 1.0

          limit = (limit * multiplier).to_i
        end

        @rate_limiter = RateLimiter.new(user, "create_#{type}", limit, 1.day.to_i)
        return @rate_limiter
      end
    end
  end

  before_create do
    post_action_type_ids = is_flag? ? PostActionType.notify_flag_types.values : post_action_type_id
    raise AlreadyActed if PostAction.where(user_id: user_id)
      .where(post_id: post_id)
      .where(post_action_type_id: post_action_type_ids)
      .where(deleted_at: nil)
      .where(disagreed_at: nil)
      .where(targets_topic: targets_topic)
      .exists?
  end

  # Returns the flag counts for a post, taking into account that some users
  # can weigh flags differently.
  def self.flag_counts_for(post_id)
    params = {
      post_id: post_id,
      post_action_types: PostActionType.auto_action_flag_types.values,
      flags_required_to_hide_post: SiteSetting.flags_required_to_hide_post
    }

    DB.query_single(<<~SQL, params)
      SELECT COALESCE(SUM(CASE
                 WHEN pa.disagreed_at IS NOT NULL AND pa.staff_took_action THEN :flags_required_to_hide_post
                 WHEN pa.disagreed_at IS NOT NULL AND NOT pa.staff_took_action THEN 1
                 ELSE 0
               END),0) AS old_flags,
            COALESCE(SUM(CASE
                 WHEN pa.disagreed_at IS NULL AND pa.staff_took_action THEN :flags_required_to_hide_post
                 WHEN pa.disagreed_at IS NULL AND NOT pa.staff_took_action THEN 1
                 ELSE 0
               END), 0) AS new_flags
    FROM post_actions AS pa
      INNER JOIN users AS u ON u.id = pa.user_id
    WHERE pa.post_id = :post_id
      AND pa.post_action_type_id in (:post_action_types)
      AND pa.deleted_at IS NULL
    SQL
  end

  def post_action_type_key
    PostActionType.types[post_action_type_id]
  end

  def update_counters
    # Update denormalized counts
    column = "#{post_action_type_key}_count"
    count = PostAction.where(post_id: post_id)
      .where(post_action_type_id: post_action_type_id)
      .count

    # We probably want to refactor this method to something cleaner.
    case post_action_type_key
    when :like
      # 'like_score' is weighted higher for staff accounts
      score = PostAction.joins(:user)
        .where(post_id: post_id)
        .sum("CASE WHEN users.moderator OR users.admin THEN #{SiteSetting.staff_like_weight} ELSE 1 END")
      Post.where(id: post_id).update_all ["like_count = :count, like_score = :score", count: count, score: score]
    else
      if ActiveRecord::Base.connection.column_exists?(:posts, column)
        Post.where(id: post_id).update_all ["#{column} = ?", count]
      end
    end

    topic_id = Post.with_deleted.where(id: post_id).pluck(:topic_id).first

    # topic_user
    if [:like, :bookmark].include? post_action_type_key
      TopicUser.update_post_action_cache(user_id: user_id,
                                         topic_id: topic_id,
                                         post_action_type: post_action_type_key)
    end

    if column == "like_count"
      topic_count = Post.where(topic_id: topic_id).sum(column)
      Topic.where(id: topic_id).update_all ["#{column} = ?", topic_count]
    end

    if PostActionType.notify_flag_type_ids.include?(post_action_type_id)
      PostAction.update_flagged_posts_count
    end

  end

  def enforce_rules
    post = Post.with_deleted.where(id: post_id).first
    PostAction.auto_close_if_threshold_reached(post.topic)
    PostAction.auto_hide_if_needed(user, post, post_action_type_key)
    SpamRulesEnforcer.enforce!(post.user)
  end

  def create_user_action
    if is_bookmark? || is_like?
      UserActionCreator.log_post_action(self)
    end
  end

  def update_notifications
    if self.deleted_at.present?
      PostActionNotifier.post_action_deleted(self)
    end
  end

  def create_notifications
    PostActionNotifier.post_action_created(self)
  end

  def notify_subscribers
    if (is_like? || is_flag?) && post
      post.publish_change_to_clients! :acted
    end
  end

  MAXIMUM_FLAGS_PER_POST = 3

  def self.auto_close_threshold_reached?(topic)
    flags = PostAction.active
      .flags
      .joins(:post)
      .where("posts.topic_id = ?", topic.id)
      .where("post_actions.user_id > 0")
      .group("post_actions.user_id")
      .pluck("post_actions.user_id, COUNT(post_id)")

    # we need a minimum number of unique flaggers
    return if flags.count < SiteSetting.num_flaggers_to_close_topic
    # we need a minimum number of flags
    return if flags.sum { |f| f[1] } < SiteSetting.num_flags_to_close_topic

    true
  end

  def self.auto_close_if_threshold_reached(topic)
    return if topic.nil? || topic.closed?
    return unless auto_close_threshold_reached?(topic)

    # the threshold has been reached, we will close the topic waiting for intervention
    topic.update_status("closed", true, Discourse.system_user,
      message: I18n.t(
        "temporarily_closed_due_to_flags",
        count: SiteSetting.num_hours_to_close_topic
      )
    )

    topic.set_or_create_timer(
      TopicTimer.types[:open],
      SiteSetting.num_hours_to_close_topic,
      by_user: Discourse.system_user
    )
  end

  def self.auto_hide_if_needed(acting_user, post, post_action_type)
    return if post.hidden?
    return if (!acting_user.staff?) && post.user&.staff?

    if post_action_type == :spam &&
       acting_user.has_trust_level?(TrustLevel[3]) &&
       post.user&.trust_level == TrustLevel[0]

      hide_post!(post, post_action_type, Post.hidden_reasons[:flagged_by_tl3_user])

    elsif PostActionType.auto_action_flag_types.include?(post_action_type)

      if acting_user.has_trust_level?(TrustLevel[4]) &&
         post.user&.trust_level != TrustLevel[4]

        hide_post!(post, post_action_type, Post.hidden_reasons[:flagged_by_tl4_user])
      elsif SiteSetting.flags_required_to_hide_post > 0

        _old_flags, new_flags = PostAction.flag_counts_for(post.id)

        if new_flags >= SiteSetting.flags_required_to_hide_post
          hide_post!(post, post_action_type, guess_hide_reason(post))
        end
      end
    end
  end

  def self.hide_post!(post, post_action_type, reason = nil)
    return if post.hidden

    unless reason
      reason = guess_hide_reason(post)
    end

    hiding_again = post.hidden_at.present?

    post.hidden = true
    post.hidden_at = Time.zone.now
    post.hidden_reason_id = reason
    post.save

    Topic.where("id = :topic_id AND NOT EXISTS(SELECT 1 FROM POSTS WHERE topic_id = :topic_id AND NOT hidden)", topic_id: post.topic_id).update_all(visible: false)

    # inform user
    if post.user
      options = {
        url: post.url,
        edit_delay: SiteSetting.cooldown_minutes_after_hiding_posts,
        flag_reason: I18n.t(
          "flag_reasons.#{post_action_type}",
          locale: SiteSetting.default_locale,
          base_path: Discourse.base_path
        )
      }

      Jobs.enqueue_in(5.seconds, :send_system_message,
                      user_id: post.user.id,
                      message_type: hiding_again ? :post_hidden_again : :post_hidden,
                      message_options: options)
    end
    update_flagged_posts_count
  end

  def self.guess_hide_reason(post)
    post.hidden_at ?
      Post.hidden_reasons[:flag_threshold_reached_again] :
      Post.hidden_reasons[:flag_threshold_reached]
  end

  def self.post_action_type_for_post(post_id)
    post_action = PostAction.find_by(deferred_at: nil, post_id: post_id, post_action_type_id: PostActionType.notify_flag_types.values, deleted_at: nil)
    PostActionType.types[post_action.post_action_type_id] if post_action
  end

  def self.target_moderators
    Group[:moderators].name
  end

end

# == Schema Information
#
# Table name: post_actions
#
#  id                  :integer          not null, primary key
#  post_id             :integer          not null
#  user_id             :integer          not null
#  post_action_type_id :integer          not null
#  deleted_at          :datetime
#  created_at          :datetime         not null
#  updated_at          :datetime         not null
#  deleted_by_id       :integer
#  related_post_id     :integer
#  staff_took_action   :boolean          default(FALSE), not null
#  deferred_by_id      :integer
#  targets_topic       :boolean          default(FALSE), not null
#  agreed_at           :datetime
#  agreed_by_id        :integer
#  deferred_at         :datetime
#  disagreed_at        :datetime
#  disagreed_by_id     :integer
#
# Indexes
#
#  idx_unique_actions                                     (user_id,post_action_type_id,post_id,targets_topic) UNIQUE WHERE ((deleted_at IS NULL) AND (disagreed_at IS NULL) AND (deferred_at IS NULL))
#  idx_unique_flags                                       (user_id,post_id,targets_topic) UNIQUE WHERE ((deleted_at IS NULL) AND (disagreed_at IS NULL) AND (deferred_at IS NULL) AND (post_action_type_id = ANY (ARRAY[3, 4, 7, 8])))
#  index_post_actions_on_post_id                          (post_id)
#  index_post_actions_on_user_id_and_post_action_type_id  (user_id,post_action_type_id) WHERE (deleted_at IS NULL)
#