diff --git a/db/migrate/20240430185434_fix_watched_words_without_action.rb b/db/migrate/20240430185434_fix_watched_words_without_action.rb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..1664ce0caff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/db/migrate/20240430185434_fix_watched_words_without_action.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+class FixWatchedWordsWithoutAction < ActiveRecord::Migration[7.0]
+  def up
+    # Set "censor" action to watched words without replacement
+    execute <<~SQL
+      UPDATE watched_words
+      SET action = 2
+      WHERE action = 0
+      AND LENGTH(COALESCE(replacement, '')) = 0
+    SQL
+
+    # Set "replace" action to watched words with replacement
+    execute <<~SQL
+      UPDATE watched_words
+      SET action = 5
+      WHERE action = 0
+    SQL
+
+    # Update watched word groups with matching action
+    execute <<~SQL
+      UPDATE watched_word_groups
+      SET action = ww.action
+      FROM watched_words ww
+      WHERE ww.watched_word_group_id = watched_word_groups.id
+      AND ww.action != 0
+      AND watched_word_groups.action = 0
+    SQL
+  end
+
+  def down
+    raise ActiveRecord::IrreversibleMigration
+  end
+end