Merge remote-tracking branch 'origin/jetty-12.0.x' into jetty-12.0.x-WebSocketDemand

documentation/jetty-documentation/src/main/java/org/eclipse/jetty/docs/programming/ContentDocs.java

@@ -0,0 +1,153 @@
+//
+// ========================================================================
+// Copyright (c) 1995 Mort Bay Consulting Pty Ltd and others.
+//
+// This program and the accompanying materials are made available under the
+// terms of the Eclipse Public License v. 2.0 which is available at
+// https://www.eclipse.org/legal/epl-2.0, or the Apache License, Version 2.0
+// which is available at https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0.
+//
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: EPL-2.0 OR Apache-2.0
+// ========================================================================
+//
+
+package org.eclipse.jetty.docs.programming;
+
+import org.eclipse.jetty.io.Content;
+import org.eclipse.jetty.io.content.AsyncContent;
+import org.eclipse.jetty.util.BufferUtil;
+import org.eclipse.jetty.util.Callback;
+import org.eclipse.jetty.util.FutureCallback;
+import org.slf4j.Logger;
+import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
+
+@SuppressWarnings("unused")
+public class ContentDocs
+{
+    private static final Logger LOG = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ContentDocs.class);
+
+    // tag::echo[]
+    public void echo(Content.Source source, Content.Sink sink, Callback callback)
+    {
+        Callback echo = new Callback()
+        {
+            private Content.Chunk chunk;
+
+            public void succeeded()
+            {
+                // release any previous chunk
+                if (chunk != null)
+                {
+                    chunk.release();
+                    // complete if it was the last
+                    if (chunk.isLast())
+                    {
+                        callback.succeeded();
+                        return;
+                    }
+                }
+
+                while (true)
+                {
+                    // read the next chunk
+                    chunk = source.read();
+
+                    if (chunk == null)
+                    {
+                        // if no chunk, demand more and call succeeded when demand is met.
+                        source.demand(this::succeeded);
+                        return;
+                    }
+
+                    if (Content.Chunk.isFailure(chunk, true))
+                    {
+                        // if it is a persistent failure, then fail the callback
+                        callback.failed(chunk.getFailure());
+                        return;
+                    }
+
+                    if (chunk.hasRemaining() || chunk.isLast())
+                    {
+                        // if chunk has content or is last, write it to the sink and resume this loop in callback
+                        sink.write(chunk.isLast(), chunk.getByteBuffer(), this);
+                        return;
+                    }
+
+                    chunk.release();
+                }
+            }
+
+            public void failed(Throwable x)
+            {
+                source.fail(x);
+                callback.failed(x);
+            }
+        };
+        source.demand(echo::succeeded);
+    }
+    // tag::echo[]
+
+    public static void testEcho() throws Exception
+    {
+        AsyncContent source = new AsyncContent();
+        AsyncContent sink = new AsyncContent();
+
+        Callback.Completable echoCallback = new Callback.Completable();
+        new ContentDocs().echo(source, sink, echoCallback);
+
+        Content.Chunk chunk = sink.read();
+        if (chunk != null)
+            throw new IllegalStateException("No chunk expected yet");
+
+        FutureCallback onContentAvailable = new FutureCallback();
+        sink.demand(onContentAvailable::succeeded);
+        if (onContentAvailable.isDone())
+            throw new IllegalStateException("No demand expected yet");
+
+        Callback.Completable writeCallback = new Callback.Completable();
+        Content.Sink.write(source, false, "One", writeCallback);
+        if (writeCallback.isDone())
+            throw new IllegalStateException("Should wait until first chunk is consumed");
+
+        onContentAvailable.get();
+        chunk = sink.read();
+        if (!"One".equals(BufferUtil.toString(chunk.getByteBuffer())))
+            throw new IllegalStateException("first chunk is expected");
+
+        if (writeCallback.isDone())
+            throw new IllegalStateException("Should wait until first chunk is consumed");
+        chunk.release();
+        writeCallback.get();
+
+
+        writeCallback = new Callback.Completable();
+        Content.Sink.write(source, true, "Two", writeCallback);
+        if (writeCallback.isDone())
+            throw new IllegalStateException("Should wait until second chunk is consumed");
+
+        onContentAvailable = new FutureCallback();
+        sink.demand(onContentAvailable::succeeded);
+        if (!onContentAvailable.isDone())
+            throw new IllegalStateException("Demand expected for second chunk");
+
+        chunk = sink.read();
+        if (!"Two".equals(BufferUtil.toString(chunk.getByteBuffer())))
+            throw new IllegalStateException("second chunk is expected");
+        chunk.release();
+        writeCallback.get();
+
+        onContentAvailable = new FutureCallback();
+        sink.demand(onContentAvailable::succeeded);
+        if (!onContentAvailable.isDone())
+            throw new IllegalStateException("Demand expected for EOF");
+
+        chunk = sink.read();
+        if (!chunk.isLast())
+            throw new IllegalStateException("EOF expected");
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String... args) throws Exception
+    {
+        testEcho();
+    }
+}

documentation/jetty-documentation/src/main/java/org/eclipse/jetty/docs/programming/server/session/SessionDocs.java

@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ public class SessionDocs
         //tag:schsession[]
         Server server = new Server();
         
-        ServletContextHandler context = new ServletContextHandler(server, "/foo", ServletContextHandler.SESSIONS);
+        ServletContextHandler context = new ServletContextHandler("/foo", ServletContextHandler.SESSIONS);
         SessionHandler sessions = context.getSessionHandler();
         //make idle sessions valid for only 5mins
         sessions.setMaxInactiveInterval(300);

documentation/jetty-documentation/src/main/java/org/eclipse/jetty/docs/programming/server/websocket/WebSocketServerDocs.java

@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ public class WebSocketServerDocs
         Server server = new Server(8080);
 
         // Create a ServletContextHandler with the given context path.
-        ServletContextHandler handler = new ServletContextHandler(server, "/ctx");
+        ServletContextHandler handler = new ServletContextHandler("/ctx");
         server.setHandler(handler);
 
         // Ensure that JavaxWebSocketServletContainerInitializer is initialized,
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ public class WebSocketServerDocs
         Server server = new Server(8080);
 
         // Create a ServletContextHandler with the given context path.
-        ServletContextHandler handler = new ServletContextHandler(server, "/ctx");
+        ServletContextHandler handler = new ServletContextHandler("/ctx");
         server.setHandler(handler);
 
         // Ensure that JavaxWebSocketServletContainerInitializer is initialized,
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ public class WebSocketServerDocs
         Server server = new Server(8080);
 
         // Create a ServletContextHandler with the given context path.
-        ServletContextHandler handler = new ServletContextHandler(server, "/ctx");
+        ServletContextHandler handler = new ServletContextHandler("/ctx");
         server.setHandler(handler);
 
         // Setup the ServerContainer and the WebSocket endpoints for this web application context.
@@ -169,7 +169,7 @@ public class WebSocketServerDocs
         Server server = new Server(8080);
 
         // Create a ServletContextHandler with the given context path.
-        ServletContextHandler handler = new ServletContextHandler(server, "/ctx");
+        ServletContextHandler handler = new ServletContextHandler("/ctx");
         server.setHandler(handler);
 
         // Ensure that JettyWebSocketServletContainerInitializer is initialized,
@@ -188,7 +188,7 @@ public class WebSocketServerDocs
         Server server = new Server(8080);
 
         // Create a ServletContextHandler with the given context path.
-        ServletContextHandler handler = new ServletContextHandler(server, "/ctx");
+        ServletContextHandler handler = new ServletContextHandler("/ctx");
         server.setHandler(handler);
 
         // Ensure that JettyWebSocketServletContainerInitializer is initialized,
@@ -234,7 +234,7 @@ public class WebSocketServerDocs
         Server server = new Server(8080);
 
         // Create a ServletContextHandler with the given context path.
-        ServletContextHandler handler = new ServletContextHandler(server, "/ctx");
+        ServletContextHandler handler = new ServletContextHandler("/ctx");
         server.setHandler(handler);
 
         // Setup the JettyWebSocketServerContainer and the WebSocket endpoints for this web application context.
@@ -301,7 +301,7 @@ public class WebSocketServerDocs
         Server server = new Server(8080);
 
         // Create a ServletContextHandler with the given context path.
-        ServletContextHandler handler = new ServletContextHandler(server, "/ctx");
+        ServletContextHandler handler = new ServletContextHandler("/ctx");
         server.setHandler(handler);
 
         // Setup the JettyWebSocketServerContainer to initialize WebSocket components.
@@ -357,7 +357,8 @@ public class WebSocketServerDocs
         Server server = new Server(8080);
 
         // tag::uriTemplatePathSpec[]
-        ServletContextHandler handler = new ServletContextHandler(server, "/ctx");
+        ServletContextHandler handler = new ServletContextHandler("/ctx");
+        server.setHandler(handler);
 
         // Configure the JettyWebSocketServerContainer.
         JettyWebSocketServletContainerInitializer.configure(handler, (servletContext, container) ->

jetty-core/jetty-client/src/main/java/org/eclipse/jetty/client/Response.java

@@ -175,9 +175,9 @@ public interface Response
                 contentSource.demand(demandCallback);
                 return;
             }
-            if (chunk instanceof Content.Chunk.Error error)
+            if (Content.Chunk.isFailure(chunk))
             {
-                response.abort(error.getCause());
+                response.abort(chunk.getFailure());
                 return;
             }
             if (chunk.isLast() && !chunk.hasRemaining())

jetty-core/jetty-client/src/main/java/org/eclipse/jetty/client/transport/HttpReceiver.java

@@ -554,7 +554,7 @@ public abstract class HttpReceiver
                     _chunk = inputChunk;
                 if (_chunk == null)
                     return null;
-                if (_chunk instanceof Content.Chunk.Error)
+                if (Content.Chunk.isFailure(_chunk))
                     return _chunk;
 
                 // Retain the input chunk because its ByteBuffer will be referenced by the Inflater.
@@ -748,7 +748,7 @@ public abstract class HttpReceiver
                 LOG.debug("Erroring {}", this);
             try (AutoLock ignored = lock.lock())
             {
-                if (currentChunk instanceof Content.Chunk.Error)
+                if (Content.Chunk.isFailure(currentChunk))
                     return false;
                 if (currentChunk != null)
                     currentChunk.release();

jetty-core/jetty-client/src/main/java/org/eclipse/jetty/client/transport/HttpSender.java

@@ -503,8 +503,8 @@ public abstract class HttpSender
                 }
             }
 
-            if (chunk instanceof Content.Chunk.Error error)
-                throw error.getCause();
+            if (Content.Chunk.isFailure(chunk))
+                throw chunk.getFailure();
 
             ByteBuffer buffer = chunk.getByteBuffer();
             contentBuffer = buffer.asReadOnlyBuffer();

jetty-core/jetty-client/src/main/java/org/eclipse/jetty/client/transport/ResponseListeners.java

@@ -676,7 +676,7 @@ public class ResponseListeners
                 Content.Chunk currentChunk = chunk;
                 if (LOG.isDebugEnabled())
                     LOG.debug("Content source #{} fail while current chunk is {}", index, currentChunk);
-                if (currentChunk instanceof Content.Chunk.Error)
+                if (Content.Chunk.isFailure(currentChunk))
                     return;
                 if (currentChunk != null)
                     currentChunk.release();

jetty-core/jetty-client/src/test/java/org/eclipse/jetty/client/ConnectionPoolTest.java

@@ -176,8 +176,8 @@ public class ConnectionPoolTest
                                     continue;
                                 }
                             }
-                            if (chunk instanceof Content.Chunk.Error error)
-                                throw error.getCause();
+                            if (Content.Chunk.isFailure(chunk))
+                                throw chunk.getFailure();
 
                             if (chunk.hasRemaining())
                             {

jetty-core/jetty-client/src/test/java/org/eclipse/jetty/client/HttpClientAsyncContentTest.java

@@ -30,7 +30,6 @@ import org.junit.jupiter.params.ParameterizedTest;
 import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.ArgumentsSource;
 
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
-import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertInstanceOf;
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertTrue;
 
 public class HttpClientAsyncContentTest extends AbstractHttpClientServerTest
@@ -248,11 +247,11 @@ public class HttpClientAsyncContentTest extends AbstractHttpClientServerTest
             .onResponseContentSource((response, contentSource) -> response.abort(new Throwable()).whenComplete((failed, x) ->
             {
                 Content.Chunk chunk = contentSource.read();
-                assertInstanceOf(Content.Chunk.Error.class, chunk);
+                assertTrue(Content.Chunk.isFailure(chunk, true));
                 contentSource.demand(() ->
                 {
                     Content.Chunk c = contentSource.read();
-                    assertInstanceOf(Content.Chunk.Error.class, c);
+                    assertTrue(Content.Chunk.isFailure(c, true));
                     errorContentLatch.countDown();
                 });
             }))

jetty-core/jetty-fcgi/jetty-fcgi-server/src/main/java/org/eclipse/jetty/fcgi/server/internal/HttpStreamOverFCGI.java

@@ -197,7 +197,7 @@ public class HttpStreamOverFCGI implements HttpStream
     {
         if (_chunk == null)
             _chunk = Content.Chunk.EOF;
-        else if (!_chunk.isLast() && !(_chunk instanceof Content.Chunk.Error))
+        else if (!_chunk.isLast() && !(Content.Chunk.isFailure(_chunk)))
             throw new IllegalStateException();
     }
 

jetty-core/jetty-http/src/main/java/org/eclipse/jetty/http/HttpFields.java

@@ -1204,6 +1204,167 @@ public interface HttpFields extends Iterable<HttpField>, Supplier<HttpFields>
             // return a merged header with missing ensured values added
             return new HttpField(ensure.getHeader(), ensure.getName(), v.toString());
         }
+
+        /**
+         * A wrapper of {@link HttpFields}.
+         */
+        class Wrapper implements Mutable
+        {
+            private final Mutable _fields;
+
+            public Wrapper(Mutable fields)
+            {
+                _fields = fields;
+            }
+
+            /**
+             * Called when a field is added (including as part of a put).
+             * @param field The field being added.
+             * @return The field to add, or null if the add is to be ignored.
+             */
+            public HttpField onAddField(HttpField field)
+            {
+                return field;
+            }
+
+            /**
+             * Called when a field is removed (including as part of a put).
+             * @param field The field being removed.
+             * @return True if the field should be removed, false otherwise.
+             */
+            public boolean onRemoveField(HttpField field)
+            {
+                return true;
+            }
+
+            @Override
+            public HttpFields takeAsImmutable()
+            {
+                return Mutable.super.takeAsImmutable();
+            }
+
+            @Override
+            public int size()
+            {
+                // This impl needed only as an optimization
+                return _fields.size();
+            }
+
+            @Override
+            public Stream<HttpField> stream()
+            {
+                // This impl needed only as an optimization
+                return _fields.stream();
+            }
+
+            @Override
+            public Mutable add(HttpField field)
+            {
+                // This impl needed only as an optimization
+                if (field != null)
+                {
+                    field = onAddField(field);
+                    if (field != null)
+                       return _fields.add(field);
+                }
+                return this;
+            }
+
+            @Override
+            public ListIterator<HttpField> listIterator()
+            {
+                ListIterator<HttpField> i = _fields.listIterator();
+                return new ListIterator<>()
+                {
+                    HttpField last;
+
+                    @Override
+                    public boolean hasNext()
+                    {
+                        return i.hasNext();
+                    }
+
+                    @Override
+                    public HttpField next()
+                    {
+                        return last = i.next();
+                    }
+
+                    @Override
+                    public boolean hasPrevious()
+                    {
+                        return i.hasPrevious();
+                    }
+
+                    @Override
+                    public HttpField previous()
+                    {
+                        return last = i.previous();
+                    }
+
+                    @Override
+                    public int nextIndex()
+                    {
+                        return i.nextIndex();
+                    }
+
+                    @Override
+                    public int previousIndex()
+                    {
+                        return i.previousIndex();
+                    }
+
+                    @Override
+                    public void remove()
+                    {
+                        if (last != null && onRemoveField(last))
+                        {
+                            last = null;
+                            i.remove();
+                        }
+                    }
+
+                    @Override
+                    public void set(HttpField field)
+                    {
+                        if (field == null)
+                        {
+                            if (last != null && onRemoveField(last))
+                            {
+                                last = null;
+                                i.remove();
+                            }
+                        }
+                        else
+                        {
+                            if (last != null && onRemoveField(last))
+                            {
+                                field = onAddField(field);
+                                if (field != null)
+                                {
+                                    last = null;
+                                    i.set(field);
+                                }
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+
+                    @Override
+                    public void add(HttpField field)
+                    {
+                        if (field != null)
+                        {
+                            field = onAddField(field);
+                            if (field != null)
+                            {
+                                last = null;
+                                i.add(field);
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                };
+            }
+        }
     }
 
     /**
@@ -1391,8 +1552,12 @@ public interface HttpFields extends Iterable<HttpField>, Supplier<HttpFields>
         public int hashCode()
         {
             int hash = 0;
-            for (int i = _fields.length; i-- > 0; )
-                hash ^= _fields[i].hashCode();
+            for (int i = _size; i-- > 0; )
+            {
+                HttpField field = _fields[i];
+                if (field != null)
+                    hash ^= field.hashCode();
+            }
             return hash;
         }
 

jetty-core/jetty-http/src/main/java/org/eclipse/jetty/http/MultiPart.java

@@ -563,7 +563,7 @@ public class MultiPart
         private State state = State.FIRST;
         private boolean closed;
         private Runnable demand;
-        private Content.Chunk.Error errorChunk;
+        private Content.Chunk errorChunk;
         private Part part;
 
         public AbstractContentSource(String boundary)
@@ -759,7 +759,7 @@ public class MultiPart
                 case CONTENT ->
                 {
                     Content.Chunk chunk = part.getContentSource().read();
-                    if (chunk == null || chunk instanceof Content.Chunk.Error)
+                    if (chunk == null || Content.Chunk.isFailure(chunk))
                         yield chunk;
                     if (!chunk.isLast())
                         yield chunk;

jetty-core/jetty-http/src/main/java/org/eclipse/jetty/http/MultiPartByteRanges.java

@@ -101,9 +101,9 @@ public class MultiPartByteRanges extends CompletableFuture<MultiPartByteRanges.P
                         content.demand(this);
                         return;
                     }
-                    if (chunk instanceof Content.Chunk.Error error)
+                    if (Content.Chunk.isFailure(chunk))
                     {
-                        listener.onFailure(error.getCause());
+                        listener.onFailure(chunk.getFailure());
                         return;
                     }
                     parse(chunk);

jetty-core/jetty-http/src/main/java/org/eclipse/jetty/http/MultiPartFormData.java

@@ -117,9 +117,9 @@ public class MultiPartFormData extends CompletableFuture<MultiPartFormData.Parts
                         content.demand(this);
                         return;
                     }
-                    if (chunk instanceof Content.Chunk.Error error)
+                    if (Content.Chunk.isFailure(chunk))
                     {
-                        listener.onFailure(error.getCause());
+                        listener.onFailure(chunk.getFailure());
                         return;
                     }
                     parse(chunk);

jetty-core/jetty-http/src/main/resources/org/eclipse/jetty/http/mime.properties

@@ -177,7 +177,7 @@ wml=text/vnd.wap.wml
 wmlc=application/vnd.wap.wmlc
 wmls=text/vnd.wap.wmlscript
 wmlsc=application/vnd.wap.wmlscriptc
-woff=application/font-woff
+woff=font/woff
 woff2=font/woff2
 wrl=model/vrml
 wtls-ca-certificate=application/vnd.wap.wtls-ca-certificate

jetty-core/jetty-http/src/test/java/org/eclipse/jetty/http/HttpFieldsTest.java

@@ -54,6 +54,7 @@ public class HttpFieldsTest
         return Stream.of(
             HttpFields.build(),
             HttpFields.build(0),
+            new HttpFields.Mutable.Wrapper(HttpFields.build()),
             new HttpFields.Mutable()
             {
                 private final HttpFields.Mutable fields = HttpFields.build();

jetty-core/jetty-http2/jetty-http2-tests/src/test/java/org/eclipse/jetty/http2/tests/IdleTimeoutTest.java

@@ -607,9 +607,9 @@ public class IdleTimeoutTest extends AbstractTest
                         _request.demand(this::onContentAvailable);
                         return;
                     }
-                    if (chunk instanceof Content.Chunk.Error error)
+                    if (Content.Chunk.isFailure(chunk))
                     {
-                        _callback.failed(error.getCause());
+                        _callback.failed(chunk.getFailure());
                         return;
                     }
                     chunk.release();

jetty-core/jetty-io/src/main/java/org/eclipse/jetty/io/Content.java

@@ -53,8 +53,9 @@ public class Content
     /**
      * <p>Copies the given content source to the given content sink, notifying
      * the given callback when the copy is complete (either succeeded or failed).</p>
-     * <p>In case of failures, the content source is {@link Source#fail(Throwable) failed}
-     * too.</p>
+     * <p>In case of {@link Chunk#getFailure() failure chunks},
+     * the content source is {@link Source#fail(Throwable) failed} if the failure
+     * chunk is {@link Chunk#isLast() last}, else the failing is transient and is ignored.</p>
      *
      * @param source the source to copy from
      * @param sink the sink to copy to
@@ -76,6 +77,9 @@ public class Content
      * <p>If the predicate returns {@code false}, it means that the chunk is not
      * handled, its callback will not be completed, and the implementation will
      * handle the chunk and its callback.</p>
+     * <p>In case of {@link Chunk#getFailure() failure chunks} not handled by any {@code chunkHandler},
+     * the content source is {@link Source#fail(Throwable) failed} if the failure
+     * chunk is {@link Chunk#isLast() last}, else the failure is transient and is ignored.</p>
      *
      * @param source the source to copy from
      * @param sink the sink to copy to
@@ -103,10 +107,11 @@ public class Content
      *             return;
      *         }
      *
-     *         // The chunk is an error.
-     *         if (chunk instanceof Chunk.Error error) {
-     *             // Handle the error.
-     *             Throwable cause = error.getCause();
+     *         // The chunk is a failure.
+     *         if (Content.Chunk.isFailure(chunk)) {
+     *             // Handle the failure.
+     *             Throwable cause = chunk.getFailure();
+     *             boolean transient = !chunk.isLast();
      *             // ...
      *             return;
      *         }
@@ -190,7 +195,7 @@ public class Content
          * @return the String obtained from the content
          * @throws IOException if reading the content fails
          */
-        public static String asString(Source source, Charset charset) throws IOException
+        static String asString(Source source, Charset charset) throws IOException
         {
             try
             {
@@ -227,12 +232,12 @@ public class Content
         }
 
         /**
-         * <p>Reads, non-blocking, the given content source, until either an error or EOF,
+         * <p>Reads, non-blocking, the given content source, until a {@link Chunk#isFailure(Chunk) failure} or EOF
          * and discards the content.</p>
          *
          * @param source the source to read from
          * @param callback the callback to notify when the whole content has been read
-         * or an error occurred while reading the content
+         * or a failure occurred while reading the content
          */
         static void consumeAll(Source source, Callback callback)
         {
@@ -240,7 +245,7 @@ public class Content
         }
 
         /**
-         * <p>Reads, blocking if necessary, the given content source, until either an error
+         * <p>Reads, blocking if necessary, the given content source, until a {@link Chunk#isFailure(Chunk) failure}
          * or EOF, and discards the content.</p>
          *
          * @param source the source to read from
@@ -274,13 +279,15 @@ public class Content
          * <p>The returned chunk could be:</p>
          * <ul>
          * <li>{@code null}, to signal that there isn't a chunk of content available</li>
-         * <li>an {@link Chunk.Error error} instance, to signal that there was an error
+         * <li>an {@link Chunk} instance with non null {@link Chunk#getFailure()}, to signal that there was a failure
          * trying to produce a chunk of content, or that the content production has been
          * {@link #fail(Throwable) failed} externally</li>
          * <li>a {@link Chunk} instance, containing the chunk of content.</li>
          * </ul>
-         * <p>Once a read returns an {@link Chunk.Error error} instance, further reads
-         * will continue to return the same error instance.</p>
+         * <p>Once a read returns an {@link Chunk} instance with non-null {@link Chunk#getFailure()}
+         * then if the failure is {@link Chunk#isLast() last} further reads
+         * will continue to return the same failure chunk instance, otherwise further
+         * {@code read()} operations may return different non-failure chunks.</p>
          * <p>Once a read returns a {@link Chunk#isLast() last chunk}, further reads will
          * continue to return a last chunk (although the instance may be different).</p>
          * <p>The content reader code must ultimately arrange for a call to
@@ -296,7 +303,7 @@ public class Content
          * race condition (the thread that reads with the thread that invokes the
          * demand callback).</p>
          *
-         * @return a chunk of content, possibly an error instance, or {@code null}
+         * @return a chunk of content, possibly a failure instance, or {@code null}
          * @see #demand(Runnable)
          * @see Retainable
          */
@@ -327,18 +334,38 @@ public class Content
         void demand(Runnable demandCallback);
 
         /**
-         * <p>Fails this content source, possibly failing and discarding accumulated
-         * content chunks that were not yet read.</p>
+         * <p>Fails this content source with a {@link Chunk#isLast() last} {@link Chunk#getFailure() failure chunk},
+         * failing and discarding accumulated content chunks that were not yet read.</p>
          * <p>The failure may be notified to the content reader at a later time, when
-         * the content reader reads a content chunk, via an {@link Chunk.Error} instance.</p>
+         * the content reader reads a content chunk, via a {@link Chunk} instance
+         * with a non null {@link Chunk#getFailure()}.</p>
          * <p>If {@link #read()} has returned a last chunk, this is a no operation.</p>
          * <p>Typical failure: the content being aborted by user code, or idle timeouts.</p>
          * <p>If this method has already been called, then it is a no operation.</p>
          *
          * @param failure the cause of the failure
+         * @see Chunk#getFailure()
          */
         void fail(Throwable failure);
 
+        /**
+         * <p>Fails this content source with a {@link Chunk#getFailure() failure chunk}
+         * that may or not may be {@link Chunk#isLast() last}.
+         * If {@code last} is {@code true}, then the failure is persistent and a call to this method acts
+         * as {@link #fail(Throwable)}. Otherwise the failure is transient and a
+         * {@link Chunk#getFailure() failure chunk} will be {@link #read() read} in order with content chunks,
+         * and subsequent calls to {@link #read() read} may produce other content.</p>
+         * <p>A {@code Content.Source} or its {@link #read() reader} may treat a transient failure as persistent.</p>
+         *
+         * @param failure A failure.
+         * @param last true if the failure is persistent, false if the failure is transient.
+         * @see Chunk#getFailure()
+         */
+        default void fail(Throwable failure, boolean last)
+        {
+            fail(failure);
+        }
+
         /**
          * <p>Rewinds this content, if possible, so that subsequent reads return
          * chunks starting from the beginning of this content.</p>
@@ -555,14 +582,52 @@ public class Content
         }
 
         /**
-         * <p>Creates an {@link Error error chunk} with the given failure.</p>
+         * <p>Creates an {@link Chunk#isFailure(Chunk) failure chunk} with the given failure
+         * and {@link Chunk#isLast()} returning true.</p>
          *
          * @param failure the cause of the failure
-         * @return a new Error.Chunk
+         * @return a new {@link Chunk#isFailure(Chunk) failure chunk}
          */
-        static Error from(Throwable failure)
+        static Chunk from(Throwable failure)
         {
-            return new Error(failure);
+            return from(failure, true);
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * <p>Creates an {@link Chunk#isFailure(Chunk) failure chunk} with the given failure
+         * and given {@link Chunk#isLast() last} state.</p>
+         *
+         * @param failure the cause of the failure
+         * @param last true if the failure is terminal, else false for transient failure
+         * @return a new {@link Chunk#isFailure(Chunk) failure chunk}
+         */
+        static Chunk from(Throwable failure, boolean last)
+        {
+            return new Chunk()
+            {
+                public Throwable getFailure()
+                {
+                    return failure;
+                }
+
+                @Override
+                public ByteBuffer getByteBuffer()
+                {
+                    return BufferUtil.EMPTY_BUFFER;
+                }
+
+                @Override
+                public boolean isLast()
+                {
+                    return last;
+                }
+
+                @Override
+                public String toString()
+                {
+                    return String.format("Chunk@%x{c=%s,l=%b}", hashCode(), failure, last);
+                }
+            };
         }
 
         /**
@@ -581,8 +646,12 @@ public class Content
          *     <td>{@code null}</td>
          *   </tr>
          *   <tr>
+         *     <td>{@link Chunk#isFailure(Chunk) Failure} and {@link Chunk#isLast() last}</td>
          *     <td>{@link Error Error}</td>
-         *     <td>{@link Error Error}</td>
+         *   </tr>
+         *   <tr>
+         *     <td>{@link Chunk#isFailure(Chunk) Failure} and {@link Chunk#isLast() not last}</td>
+         *     <td>{@code null}</td>
          *   </tr>
          *   <tr>
          *     <td>{@link #isLast()}</td>
@@ -597,18 +666,57 @@ public class Content
          */
         static Chunk next(Chunk chunk)
         {
-            if (chunk == null || chunk instanceof Error)
-                return chunk;
+            if (chunk == null)
+                return null;
+            if (Content.Chunk.isFailure(chunk))
+                return chunk.isLast() ? chunk : null;
             if (chunk.isLast())
                 return EOF;
             return null;
         }
 
+        /**
+         * @param chunk The chunk to test for an {@link Chunk#getFailure() failure}.
+         * @return True if the chunk is non-null and {@link Chunk#getFailure() chunk.getError()} returns non-null.
+         */
+        static boolean isFailure(Chunk chunk)
+        {
+            return chunk != null && chunk.getFailure() != null;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * @param chunk The chunk to test for an {@link Chunk#getFailure() failure}
+         * @param last The {@link Chunk#isLast() last} status to test for.
+         * @return True if the chunk is non-null and {@link Chunk#getFailure()} returns non-null
+         *         and {@link Chunk#isLast()} matches the passed status.
+         */
+        static boolean isFailure(Chunk chunk, boolean last)
+        {
+            return chunk != null && chunk.getFailure() != null && chunk.isLast() == last;
+        }
+
         /**
          * @return the ByteBuffer of this Chunk
          */
         ByteBuffer getByteBuffer();
 
+        /**
+         * Get a failure (which may be from a {@link Source#fail(Throwable) failure} or
+         * a {@link Source#fail(Throwable, boolean) warning}), if any, associated with the chunk.
+         * <ul>
+         * <li>A {@code chunk} must not have a failure and a {@link #getByteBuffer()} with content.</li>
+         * <li>A {@code chunk} with a failure may or may not be {@link #isLast() last}.</li>
+         * <li>A {@code chunk} with a failure must not be {@link #canRetain() retainable}.</li>
+         * </ul>
+         * @return A {@link Throwable} indicating the failure or null if there is no failure or warning.
+         * @see Source#fail(Throwable)
+         * @see Source#fail(Throwable, boolean)
+         */
+        default Throwable getFailure()
+        {
+            return null;
+        }
+
         /**
          * @return whether this is the last Chunk
          */
@@ -674,46 +782,6 @@ public class Content
             return asChunk(getByteBuffer().asReadOnlyBuffer(), isLast(), this);
         }
 
-        /**
-         * <p>A chunk that wraps a failure.</p>
-         * <p>Error Chunks are always last and have no bytes to read,
-         * as such they are <em>terminal</em> Chunks.</p>
-         *
-         * @see #from(Throwable)
-         */
-        final class Error implements Chunk
-        {
-            private final Throwable cause;
-
-            private Error(Throwable cause)
-            {
-                this.cause = cause;
-            }
-
-            public Throwable getCause()
-            {
-                return cause;
-            }
-
-            @Override
-            public ByteBuffer getByteBuffer()
-            {
-                return BufferUtil.EMPTY_BUFFER;
-            }
-
-            @Override
-            public boolean isLast()
-            {
-                return true;
-            }
-
-            @Override
-            public String toString()
-            {
-                return String.format("%s@%x{c=%s}", getClass().getSimpleName(), hashCode(), cause);
-            }
-        }
-
         /**
          * <p>Implementations of this interface may process {@link Chunk}s being copied by the
          * {@link Content#copy(Source, Sink, Processor, Callback)} method, so that

jetty-core/jetty-io/src/main/java/org/eclipse/jetty/io/SelectorManager.java

@@ -148,14 +148,14 @@ public abstract class SelectorManager extends ContainerLifeCycle implements Dump
     public int getTotalKeys()
     {
         int keys = 0;
-        for (final ManagedSelector selector : _selectors)
+        for (ManagedSelector selector : _selectors)
         {
-            keys += selector.getTotalKeys();
+            if (selector != null)
+                keys += selector.getTotalKeys();
         }
         return keys;
     }
 
-
     /**
      * @return the number of selectors in use
      */

jetty-core/jetty-io/src/main/java/org/eclipse/jetty/io/content/AsyncContent.java

@@ -51,8 +51,8 @@ public class AsyncContent implements Content.Sink, Content.Source, Closeable
 
     private final AutoLock.WithCondition lock = new AutoLock.WithCondition();
     private final SerializedInvoker invoker = new SerializedInvoker();
-    private final Queue<AsyncChunk> chunks = new ArrayDeque<>();
-    private Content.Chunk.Error errorChunk;
+    private final Queue<Content.Chunk> chunks = new ArrayDeque<>();
+    private Content.Chunk persistentFailure;
     private boolean readClosed;
     private boolean writeClosed;
     private Runnable demandCallback;
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ public class AsyncContent implements Content.Sink, Content.Source, Closeable
      * {@inheritDoc}
      * <p>The write completes:</p>
      * <ul>
-     * <li>immediately with a failure when this instance is closed or already in error</li>
+     * <li>immediately with a failure when this instance is closed or already has a failure</li>
      * <li>successfully when a non empty {@link Content.Chunk} returned by {@link #read()} is released</li>
      * <li>successfully just before the {@link Content.Chunk} is returned by {@link #read()},
      * for any empty chunk {@link Content.Chunk}.</li>
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ public class AsyncContent implements Content.Sink, Content.Source, Closeable
      * or succeeded if and only if the chunk is terminal, as non-terminal
      * chunks have to bind the succeeding of the callback to their release.
      */
-    private void offer(AsyncChunk chunk)
+    private void offer(Content.Chunk chunk)
     {
         Throwable failure = null;
         boolean wasEmpty = false;
@@ -89,9 +89,9 @@ public class AsyncContent implements Content.Sink, Content.Source, Closeable
             {
                 failure = new IOException("closed");
             }
-            else if (errorChunk != null)
+            else if (persistentFailure != null)
             {
-                failure = errorChunk.getCause();
+                failure = persistentFailure.getFailure();
             }
             else
             {
@@ -105,14 +105,14 @@ public class AsyncContent implements Content.Sink, Content.Source, Closeable
                     if (length == UNDETERMINED_LENGTH)
                     {
                         length = 0;
-                        for (AsyncChunk c : chunks)
+                        for (Content.Chunk c : chunks)
                             length += c.remaining();
                     }
                 }
             }
         }
-        if (failure != null)
-            chunk.failed(failure);
+        if (failure != null && chunk instanceof AsyncChunk asyncChunk)
+            asyncChunk.failed(failure);
         if (wasEmpty)
             invoker.run(this::invokeDemandCallback);
     }
@@ -125,14 +125,14 @@ public class AsyncContent implements Content.Sink, Content.Source, Closeable
             {
                 // Always wrap the exception to make sure
                 // the stack trace comes from flush().
-                if (errorChunk != null)
-                    throw new IOException(errorChunk.getCause());
+                if (persistentFailure != null)
+                    throw new IOException(persistentFailure.getFailure());
                 if (chunks.isEmpty())
                     return;
                 // Special case for a last empty chunk that may not be read.
                 if (writeClosed && chunks.size() == 1)
                 {
-                    AsyncChunk chunk = chunks.peek();
+                    Content.Chunk chunk = chunks.peek();
                     if (chunk.isLast() && !chunk.hasRemaining())
                         return;
                 }
@@ -171,7 +171,7 @@ public class AsyncContent implements Content.Sink, Content.Source, Closeable
     @Override
     public Content.Chunk read()
     {
-        AsyncChunk current;
+        Content.Chunk current;
         try (AutoLock.WithCondition condition = lock.lock())
         {
             if (length == UNDETERMINED_LENGTH)
@@ -181,8 +181,8 @@ public class AsyncContent implements Content.Sink, Content.Source, Closeable
             {
                 if (readClosed)
                     return Content.Chunk.EOF;
-                if (errorChunk != null)
-                    return errorChunk;
+                if (persistentFailure != null)
+                    return persistentFailure;
                 return null;
             }
             readClosed = current.isLast();
@@ -195,7 +195,12 @@ public class AsyncContent implements Content.Sink, Content.Source, Closeable
             return current;
 
         // If the chunk is not reference counted, we can succeed it now and return a chunk with a noop release.
-        current.succeeded();
+        if (current instanceof AsyncChunk asyncChunk)
+            asyncChunk.succeeded();
+
+        if (Content.Chunk.isFailure(current))
+            return current;
+
         return current.isLast() ? Content.Chunk.EOF : Content.Chunk.EMPTY;
     }
 
@@ -208,7 +213,7 @@ public class AsyncContent implements Content.Sink, Content.Source, Closeable
             if (this.demandCallback != null)
                 throw new IllegalStateException("demand pending");
             this.demandCallback = Objects.requireNonNull(demandCallback);
-            invoke = !chunks.isEmpty() || readClosed || errorChunk != null;
+            invoke = !chunks.isEmpty() || readClosed || persistentFailure != null;
         }
         if (invoke)
             invoker.run(this::invokeDemandCallback);
@@ -241,22 +246,35 @@ public class AsyncContent implements Content.Sink, Content.Source, Closeable
     @Override
     public void fail(Throwable failure)
     {
-        List<AsyncChunk> drained;
+        List<Content.Chunk> drained;
         try (AutoLock.WithCondition condition = lock.lock())
         {
             if (readClosed)
                 return;
-            if (errorChunk != null)
+            if (persistentFailure != null)
                 return;
-            errorChunk = Content.Chunk.from(failure);
+            persistentFailure = Content.Chunk.from(failure);
             drained = List.copyOf(chunks);
             chunks.clear();
             condition.signal();
         }
-        drained.forEach(ac -> ac.failed(failure));
+        drained.forEach(c ->
+        {
+            if (c instanceof AsyncChunk ac)
+                ac.failed(failure);
+        });
         invoker.run(this::invokeDemandCallback);
     }
 
+    @Override
+    public void fail(Throwable failure, boolean last)
+    {
+        if (last)
+            fail(failure);
+        else
+            offer(Content.Chunk.from(failure, false));
+    }
+
     public int count()
     {
         try (AutoLock ignored = lock.lock())

jetty-core/jetty-io/src/main/java/org/eclipse/jetty/io/content/ContentSourceInputStream.java

@@ -54,8 +54,12 @@ public class ContentSourceInputStream extends InputStream
         {
             if (chunk != null)
             {
-                if (chunk instanceof Content.Chunk.Error error)
-                    throw IO.rethrow(error.getCause());
+                if (Content.Chunk.isFailure(chunk))
+                {
+                    Content.Chunk c = chunk;
+                    chunk = null;
+                    throw IO.rethrow(c.getFailure());
+                }
 
                 ByteBuffer byteBuffer = chunk.getByteBuffer();
                 if (chunk.isLast() && !byteBuffer.hasRemaining())
@@ -96,8 +100,8 @@ public class ContentSourceInputStream extends InputStream
     @Override
     public void close()
     {
-        // If we have already reached a real EOF or an error, close is a noop.
-        if (chunk == Content.Chunk.EOF || chunk instanceof Content.Chunk.Error)
+        // If we have already reached a real EOF or a persistent failure, close is a noop.
+        if (chunk == Content.Chunk.EOF || Content.Chunk.isFailure(chunk, true))
             return;
 
         // If we have a chunk here, then it needs to be released

jetty-core/jetty-io/src/main/java/org/eclipse/jetty/io/content/ContentSourcePublisher.java

@@ -125,10 +125,10 @@ public class ContentSourcePublisher implements Flow.Publisher<Content.Chunk>
                     return;
                 }
 
-                if (chunk instanceof Content.Chunk.Error error)
+                if (Content.Chunk.isFailure(chunk))
                 {
                     terminate();
-                    subscriber.onError(error.getCause());
+                    subscriber.onError(chunk.getFailure());
                     return;
                 }
 

jetty-core/jetty-io/src/main/java/org/eclipse/jetty/io/content/ContentSourceTransformer.java

@@ -60,10 +60,10 @@ public abstract class ContentSourceTransformer implements Content.Source
                     return null;
             }
 
-            if (rawChunk instanceof Content.Chunk.Error)
+            if (Content.Chunk.isFailure(rawChunk))
                 return rawChunk;
 
-            if (transformedChunk instanceof Content.Chunk.Error)
+            if (Content.Chunk.isFailure(transformedChunk))
                 return transformedChunk;
 
             transformedChunk = process(rawChunk);
@@ -142,13 +142,14 @@ public abstract class ContentSourceTransformer implements Content.Source
      * <p>The input chunk is released as soon as this method returns, so
      * implementations that must hold onto the input chunk must arrange to call
      * {@link Content.Chunk#retain()} and its correspondent {@link Content.Chunk#release()}.</p>
-     * <p>Implementations should return an {@link Content.Chunk.Error error chunk} in case
+     * <p>Implementations should return an {@link Content.Chunk} with non-null
+     * {@link Content.Chunk#getFailure()} in case
      * of transformation errors.</p>
      * <p>Exceptions thrown by this method are equivalent to returning an error chunk.</p>
      * <p>Implementations of this method may return:</p>
      * <ul>
      * <li>{@code null}, if more input chunks are necessary to produce an output chunk</li>
-     * <li>the {@code inputChunk} itself, typically in case of {@link Content.Chunk.Error}s,
+     * <li>the {@code inputChunk} itself, typically in case of non-null {@link Content.Chunk#getFailure()},
      * or when no transformation is required</li>
      * <li>a new {@link Content.Chunk} derived from {@code inputChunk}.</li>
      * </ul>

jetty-core/jetty-io/src/main/java/org/eclipse/jetty/io/content/InputStreamContentSource.java

@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ public class InputStreamContentSource implements Content.Source
     private final ByteBufferPool bufferPool;
     private int bufferSize = 4096;
     private Runnable demandCallback;
-    private Content.Chunk.Error errorChunk;
+    private Content.Chunk errorChunk;
     private boolean closed;
 
     public InputStreamContentSource(InputStream inputStream)

jetty-core/jetty-io/src/main/java/org/eclipse/jetty/io/content/PathContentSource.java

@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ public class PathContentSource implements Content.Source
     private SeekableByteChannel channel;
     private long totalRead;
     private Runnable demandCallback;
-    private Content.Chunk.Error errorChunk;
+    private Content.Chunk errorChunk;
 
     public PathContentSource(Path path)
     {

jetty-core/jetty-io/src/main/java/org/eclipse/jetty/io/internal/ContentCopier.java

@@ -16,9 +16,13 @@ package org.eclipse.jetty.io.internal;
 import org.eclipse.jetty.io.Content;
 import org.eclipse.jetty.util.Callback;
 import org.eclipse.jetty.util.IteratingNestedCallback;
+import org.slf4j.Logger;
+import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
 
 public class ContentCopier extends IteratingNestedCallback
 {
+    private static final Logger LOG = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ContentCopier.class);
+
     private final Content.Source source;
     private final Content.Sink sink;
     private final Content.Chunk.Processor chunkProcessor;
@@ -56,8 +60,15 @@ public class ContentCopier extends IteratingNestedCallback
         if (chunkProcessor != null && chunkProcessor.process(current, this))
             return Action.SCHEDULED;
 
-        if (current instanceof Error error)
-            throw error.getCause();
+        if (Content.Chunk.isFailure(current))
+        {
+            if (current.isLast())
+                throw current.getFailure();
+            if (LOG.isDebugEnabled())
+                LOG.debug("ignored transient failure", current.getFailure());
+            succeeded();
+            return Action.SCHEDULED;
+        }
 
         sink.write(current.isLast(), current.getByteBuffer(), this);
         return Action.SCHEDULED;

jetty-core/jetty-io/src/main/java/org/eclipse/jetty/io/internal/ContentSourceByteBuffer.java

@@ -44,9 +44,9 @@ public class ContentSourceByteBuffer implements Runnable
                 return;
             }
 
-            if (chunk instanceof Content.Chunk.Error error)
+            if (Content.Chunk.isFailure(chunk))
             {
-                promise.failed(error.getCause());
+                promise.failed(chunk.getFailure());
                 return;
             }
 

jetty-core/jetty-io/src/main/java/org/eclipse/jetty/io/internal/ContentSourceConsumer.java

@@ -41,9 +41,9 @@ public class ContentSourceConsumer implements Invocable.Task
                 return;
             }
 
-            if (chunk instanceof Content.Chunk.Error error)
+            if (Content.Chunk.isFailure(chunk))
             {
-                callback.failed(error.getCause());
+                callback.failed(chunk.getFailure());
                 return;
             }
 

jetty-core/jetty-io/src/main/java/org/eclipse/jetty/io/internal/ContentSourceString.java

@@ -42,9 +42,9 @@ public class ContentSourceString
                 content.demand(this::convert);
                 return;
             }
-            if (chunk instanceof Content.Chunk.Error error)
+            if (Content.Chunk.isFailure(chunk))
             {
-                promise.failed(error.getCause());
+                promise.failed(chunk.getFailure());
                 return;
             }
             text.append(chunk.getByteBuffer());

jetty-core/jetty-io/src/test/java/org/eclipse/jetty/io/AsyncContentTest.java

@@ -33,7 +33,6 @@ import static org.hamcrest.Matchers.is;
 import static org.hamcrest.Matchers.nullValue;
 import static org.hamcrest.Matchers.sameInstance;
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertFalse;
-import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertInstanceOf;
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertNotNull;
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertSame;
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertTrue;
@@ -101,7 +100,7 @@ public class AsyncContentTest
 
             // We must read the error.
             chunk = async.read();
-            assertInstanceOf(Content.Chunk.Error.class, chunk);
+            assertTrue(Content.Chunk.isFailure(chunk, true));
 
             // Offering more should fail.
             CountDownLatch failLatch = new CountDownLatch(1);
@@ -209,14 +208,14 @@ public class AsyncContentTest
             assertThat(chunk.release(), is(true));
             callback1.assertNoFailureWithSuccesses(1);
 
-            Exception error1 = new Exception("test1");
-            async.fail(error1);
+            Exception failure1 = new Exception("test1");
+            async.fail(failure1);
 
             chunk = async.read();
-            assertSame(error1, ((Content.Chunk.Error)chunk).getCause());
+            assertSame(failure1, chunk.getFailure());
 
-            callback2.assertSingleFailureSameInstanceNoSuccess(error1);
-            callback3.assertSingleFailureSameInstanceNoSuccess(error1);
+            callback2.assertSingleFailureSameInstanceNoSuccess(failure1);
+            callback3.assertSingleFailureSameInstanceNoSuccess(failure1);
         }
     }
 

jetty-core/jetty-io/src/test/java/org/eclipse/jetty/io/ContentSourceTest.java

@@ -15,8 +15,10 @@ package org.eclipse.jetty.io;
 
 import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
 import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
+import java.io.IOException;
 import java.io.InputStream;
 import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
+import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
 import java.nio.file.Files;
 import java.nio.file.Path;
 import java.nio.file.StandardOpenOption;
@@ -27,6 +29,7 @@ import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentLinkedDeque;
 import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;
 import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
 import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;
 import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicBoolean;
 import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicReference;
 
@@ -49,13 +52,14 @@ import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.MethodSource;
 import static java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets.UTF_8;
 import static org.hamcrest.MatcherAssert.assertThat;
 import static org.hamcrest.Matchers.equalTo;
+import static org.hamcrest.Matchers.instanceOf;
 import static org.hamcrest.Matchers.is;
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertFalse;
-import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertInstanceOf;
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertNotNull;
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertNull;
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertThrows;
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertTrue;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.fail;
 
 public class ContentSourceTest
 {
@@ -237,7 +241,7 @@ public class ContentSourceTest
 
         // We must read the error.
         chunk = source.read();
-        assertInstanceOf(Content.Chunk.Error.class, chunk);
+        assertTrue(Content.Chunk.isFailure(chunk, true));
     }
 
     @ParameterizedTest
@@ -259,7 +263,7 @@ public class ContentSourceTest
         source.fail(new CancellationException());
 
         Content.Chunk chunk = source.read();
-        assertInstanceOf(Content.Chunk.Error.class, chunk);
+        assertTrue(Content.Chunk.isFailure(chunk, true));
 
         CountDownLatch latch = new CountDownLatch(1);
         source.demand(latch::countDown);
@@ -285,7 +289,7 @@ public class ContentSourceTest
         });
 
         chunk = source.read();
-        assertInstanceOf(Content.Chunk.Error.class, chunk);
+        assertTrue(Content.Chunk.isFailure(chunk, true));
     }
 
     @Test
@@ -560,4 +564,63 @@ public class ContentSourceTest
         {
         }
     }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testAsyncContentWithWarnings()
+    {
+        AsyncContent content = new AsyncContent();
+
+        Content.Sink.write(content, false, "One", Callback.NOOP);
+        content.fail(new TimeoutException("test"), false);
+        Content.Sink.write(content, true, "Two", Callback.NOOP);
+
+        Content.Chunk chunk = content.read();
+        assertFalse(chunk.isLast());
+        assertFalse(Content.Chunk.isFailure(chunk));
+        assertThat(BufferUtil.toString(chunk.getByteBuffer()), is("One"));
+
+        chunk = content.read();
+        assertFalse(chunk.isLast());
+        assertTrue(Content.Chunk.isFailure(chunk));
+        assertThat(chunk.getFailure(), instanceOf(TimeoutException.class));
+
+        chunk = content.read();
+        assertTrue(chunk.isLast());
+        assertFalse(Content.Chunk.isFailure(chunk));
+        assertThat(BufferUtil.toString(chunk.getByteBuffer()), is("Two"));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testAsyncContentWithWarningsAsInputStream() throws Exception
+    {
+        AsyncContent content = new AsyncContent();
+
+        Content.Sink.write(content, false, "One", Callback.NOOP);
+        content.fail(new TimeoutException("test"), false);
+        Content.Sink.write(content, true, "Two", Callback.NOOP);
+
+        InputStream in = Content.Source.asInputStream(content);
+
+        byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
+        int len = in.read(buffer);
+        assertThat(len, is(3));
+        assertThat(new String(buffer, 0, 3, StandardCharsets.ISO_8859_1), is("One"));
+
+        try
+        {
+            int ignored = in.read();
+            fail();
+        }
+        catch (IOException ioe)
+        {
+            assertThat(ioe.getCause(), instanceOf(TimeoutException.class));
+        }
+
+        len = in.read(buffer);
+        assertThat(len, is(3));
+        assertThat(new String(buffer, 0, 3, StandardCharsets.ISO_8859_1), is("Two"));
+
+        len = in.read(buffer);
+        assertThat(len, is(-1));
+    }
 }

jetty-core/jetty-io/src/test/java/org/eclipse/jetty/io/ContentSourceTransformerTest.java

@@ -34,7 +34,6 @@ import static org.hamcrest.MatcherAssert.assertThat;
 import static org.hamcrest.Matchers.empty;
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertFalse;
-import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertInstanceOf;
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertNotNull;
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertNull;
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertTrue;
@@ -259,11 +258,11 @@ public class ContentSourceTransformerTest
         chunk.release();
 
         chunk = transformer.read();
-        assertInstanceOf(Content.Chunk.Error.class, chunk);
+        assertTrue(Content.Chunk.isFailure(chunk, true));
 
         // Trying to read again returns the error again.
         chunk = transformer.read();
-        assertInstanceOf(Content.Chunk.Error.class, chunk);
+        assertTrue(Content.Chunk.isFailure(chunk, true));
 
         // Make sure that the source is failed.
         assertEquals(0, source.count());
@@ -284,11 +283,11 @@ public class ContentSourceTransformerTest
         chunk.release();
 
         chunk = transformer.read();
-        assertInstanceOf(Content.Chunk.Error.class, chunk);
+        assertTrue(Content.Chunk.isFailure(chunk, true));
 
         // Trying to read again returns the error again.
         chunk = transformer.read();
-        assertInstanceOf(Content.Chunk.Error.class, chunk);
+        assertTrue(Content.Chunk.isFailure(chunk, true));
     }
 
     @Test
@@ -306,11 +305,11 @@ public class ContentSourceTransformerTest
         source.fail(new IOException());
 
         chunk = transformer.read();
-        assertInstanceOf(Content.Chunk.Error.class, chunk);
+        assertTrue(Content.Chunk.isFailure(chunk, true));
 
         // Trying to read again returns the error again.
         chunk = transformer.read();
-        assertInstanceOf(Content.Chunk.Error.class, chunk);
+        assertTrue(Content.Chunk.isFailure(chunk, true));
     }
 
     private static class WordSplitLowCaseTransformer extends ContentSourceTransformer

jetty-core/jetty-server/src/main/config/etc/jetty.xml

@@ -24,24 +24,15 @@
 <!-- configuration that may be set here.                             -->
 <!-- =============================================================== -->
 <Configure id="Server" class="org.eclipse.jetty.server.Server">
-    <Arg name="threadPool"><Ref refid="threadPool"/></Arg>
-
-    <Call name="addBean">
-      <Arg><Ref refid="byteBufferPool"/></Arg>
-    </Call>
-
-    <!-- =========================================================== -->
-    <!-- Add shared Scheduler instance                               -->
-    <!-- =========================================================== -->
-    <Call name="addBean">
-      <Arg>
-        <New class="org.eclipse.jetty.util.thread.ScheduledExecutorScheduler">
-          <Arg name="name"><Property name="jetty.scheduler.name"/></Arg>
-          <Arg name="daemon" type="boolean"><Property name="jetty.scheduler.daemon" default="false" /></Arg>
-          <Arg name="threads" type="int"><Property name="jetty.scheduler.threads" default="-1" /></Arg>
-        </New>
-      </Arg>
-    </Call>
+  <Arg name="threadPool"><Ref refid="threadPool"/></Arg>
+  <Arg>
+    <New class="org.eclipse.jetty.util.thread.ScheduledExecutorScheduler">
+      <Arg name="name"><Property name="jetty.scheduler.name"/></Arg>
+      <Arg name="daemon" type="boolean"><Property name="jetty.scheduler.daemon" default="false" /></Arg>
+      <Arg name="threads" type="int"><Property name="jetty.scheduler.threads" default="-1" /></Arg>
+    </New>
+  </Arg>
+  <Arg><Ref refid="byteBufferPool"/></Arg>
 
     <!-- =========================================================== -->
     <!-- Http Configuration.                                         -->

jetty-core/jetty-server/src/main/java/org/eclipse/jetty/server/FormFields.java

@@ -160,9 +160,9 @@ public class FormFields extends CompletableFuture<Fields> implements Runnable
                     return;
                 }
 
-                if (chunk instanceof Content.Chunk.Error error)
+                if (Content.Chunk.isFailure(chunk))
                 {
-                    completeExceptionally(error.getCause());
+                    completeExceptionally(chunk.getFailure());
                     return;
                 }
 

jetty-core/jetty-server/src/main/java/org/eclipse/jetty/server/Handler.java

@@ -216,21 +216,6 @@ public interface Handler extends LifeCycle, Destroyable, Request.Handler
             }
             return null;
         }
-
-        /**
-         * <p>Make a {@link Container} the parent of a {@link Handler}</p>
-         * @param parent The {@link Container} that will be the parent
-         * @param handler The {@link Handler} that will be the child
-         */
-        static void setAsParent(Container parent, Handler handler)
-        {
-            if (parent instanceof Collection collection)
-                collection.addHandler(handler);
-            else if (parent instanceof Singleton wrapper)
-                wrapper.setHandler(handler);
-            else if (parent != null)
-                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unknown parent type: " + parent);
-        }
     }
 
     /**

jetty-core/jetty-server/src/main/java/org/eclipse/jetty/server/HttpStream.java

@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ import org.eclipse.jetty.util.StaticException;
 /**
  * A HttpStream is an abstraction that together with {@link MetaData.Request}, represents the
  * flow of data from and to a single request and response cycle.  It is roughly analogous to the
- * Stream within a HTTP/2 connection, in that a connection can have many streams, each used once
+ * Stream within an HTTP/2 connection, in that a connection can have many streams, each used once
  * and each representing a single request and response exchange.
  */
 public interface HttpStream extends Callback
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ public interface HttpStream extends Callback
 
     /**
      * @return an ID unique within the lifetime scope of the associated protocol connection.
-     * This may be a protocol ID (eg HTTP/2 stream ID) or it may be unrelated to the protocol.
+     * This may be a protocol ID (e.g. HTTP/2 stream ID) or it may be unrelated to the protocol.
      */
     String getId();
 
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ public interface HttpStream extends Callback
      * <p>Reads a chunk of content, with the same semantic as {@link Content.Source#read()}.</p>
      * <p>This method is called from the implementation of {@link Request#read()}.</p>
      *
-     * @return a chunk of content, possibly an {@link Chunk.Error error} or {@code null}.
+     * @return a chunk of content, possibly with non-null {@link Chunk#getFailure()} or {@code null}.
      */
     Content.Chunk read();
 
@@ -125,8 +125,8 @@ public interface HttpStream extends Callback
             content.release();
 
             // if the input failed, then fail the stream for same reason
-            if (content instanceof Chunk.Error error)
-                return error.getCause();
+            if (Content.Chunk.isFailure(content))
+                return content.getFailure();
 
             if (content.isLast())
                 return null;

jetty-core/jetty-server/src/main/java/org/eclipse/jetty/server/Request.java

@@ -69,12 +69,14 @@ import org.eclipse.jetty.util.thread.Invocable;
  *             return true;
  *         }
  *
- *         if (chunk instanceof Content.Chunk.Error error)
+ *         if (Content.Chunk.isError(chunk))
  *         {
  *             Throwable failure = error.getCause();
  *
  *             // Handle errors.
- *             // Mark the handling as complete, either generating a custom
+ *             // If the chunk is not last, then the error can be ignored and reading can be tried again.
+ *             // Otherwise, if the chunk is last, or we do not wish to ignore a non-last error, then
+ *             // mark the handling as complete, either generating a custom
  *             // response and succeeding the callback, or failing the callback.
  *             callback.failed(failure);
  *             return true;

jetty-core/jetty-server/src/main/java/org/eclipse/jetty/server/ResourceService.java

@@ -440,11 +440,12 @@ public class ResourceService
 
     protected void sendWelcome(HttpContent content, String pathInContext, boolean endsWithSlash, Request request, Response response, Callback callback) throws Exception
     {
+        if (!Objects.requireNonNull(content).getResource().isDirectory())
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("content must be a directory");
+
         if (LOG.isDebugEnabled())
-        {
             LOG.debug("sendWelcome(content={}, pathInContext={}, endsWithSlash={}, req={}, resp={}, callback={})",
                 content, pathInContext, endsWithSlash, request, response, callback);
-        }
 
         // Redirect to directory
         if (!endsWithSlash)
@@ -460,7 +461,7 @@ public class ResourceService
         }
 
         // process optional Welcome behaviors
-        if (welcome(request, response, callback))
+        if (welcome(content, request, response, callback))
             return;
 
         if (!passConditionalHeaders(request, response, content, callback))
@@ -499,9 +500,9 @@ public class ResourceService
     {
     }
 
-    private boolean welcome(Request request, Response response, Callback callback) throws Exception
+    private boolean welcome(HttpContent content, Request request, Response response, Callback callback) throws Exception
     {
-        WelcomeAction welcomeAction = processWelcome(request);
+        WelcomeAction welcomeAction = processWelcome(content, request);
         if (LOG.isDebugEnabled())
             LOG.debug("welcome(req={}, rsp={}, cbk={}) welcomeAction={}", request, response, callback, welcomeAction);
 
@@ -581,18 +582,15 @@ public class ResourceService
         Response.writeError(request, response, callback, HttpStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR_500);
     }
 
-    private WelcomeAction processWelcome(Request request) throws IOException
+    private WelcomeAction processWelcome(HttpContent content, Request request) throws IOException
     {
-        String welcomeTarget = getWelcomeFactory().getWelcomeTarget(request);
+        String welcomeTarget = getWelcomeFactory().getWelcomeTarget(content, request);
         if (welcomeTarget == null)
             return null;
 
         String contextPath = request.getContext().getContextPath();
-
-        if (LOG.isDebugEnabled())
-            LOG.debug("welcome={}", welcomeTarget);
-
         WelcomeMode welcomeMode = getWelcomeMode();
+
         welcomeTarget = switch (welcomeMode)
         {
             case REDIRECT, REHANDLE -> HttpURI.build(request.getHttpURI())
@@ -601,6 +599,9 @@ public class ResourceService
             case SERVE -> welcomeTarget;
         };
 
+        if (LOG.isDebugEnabled())
+            LOG.debug("welcome {} {}", welcomeMode, welcomeTarget);
+
         return new WelcomeAction(welcomeTarget, welcomeMode);
     }
 
@@ -892,7 +893,7 @@ public class ResourceService
          * @return The URI path of the matching welcome target in context or null
          * if no welcome target was found
          */
-        String getWelcomeTarget(Request request) throws IOException;
+        String getWelcomeTarget(HttpContent content, Request request) throws IOException;
     }
 
     private static class ContentWriterIteratingCallback extends IteratingCallback

jetty-core/jetty-server/src/main/java/org/eclipse/jetty/server/handler/ContextHandler.java

@@ -180,14 +180,6 @@ public class ContextHandler extends Handler.Wrapper implements Attributes, Alias
             _classLoader = classLoader;
     }
 
-    @Deprecated
-    public ContextHandler(Handler.Container parent, String contextPath)
-    {
-        this(contextPath);
-        Container.setAsParent(parent, this);
-
-    }
-
     @Override
     public void setServer(Server server)
     {

jetty-core/jetty-server/src/main/java/org/eclipse/jetty/server/handler/DelayedHandler.java

@@ -342,9 +342,9 @@ public class DelayedHandler extends Handler.Wrapper
                     getRequest().demand(this::readAndParse);
                     return;
                 }
-                if (chunk instanceof Content.Chunk.Error error)
+                if (Content.Chunk.isFailure(chunk))
                 {
-                    _formData.completeExceptionally(error.getCause());
+                    _formData.completeExceptionally(chunk.getFailure());
                     return;
                 }
                 _formData.parse(chunk);

jetty-core/jetty-server/src/main/java/org/eclipse/jetty/server/handler/EventsHandler.java

@@ -160,7 +160,7 @@ public abstract class EventsHandler extends Handler.Wrapper
     {
         try
         {
-            onResponseWrite(request, last, content.asReadOnlyBuffer());
+            onResponseWrite(request, last, content == null ? null : content.asReadOnlyBuffer());
         }
         catch (Throwable x)
         {
@@ -229,7 +229,7 @@ public abstract class EventsHandler extends Handler.Wrapper
      * {@link Request#read()}).
      *
      * @param request the request object. The {@code read()}, {@code demand(Runnable)} and {@code fail(Throwable)} methods must not be called by the listener.
-     * @param chunk a potentially null request content chunk, including {@link org.eclipse.jetty.io.Content.Chunk.Error}
+     * @param chunk a potentially null request content chunk, including {@link org.eclipse.jetty.io.Content.Chunk#isFailure(Content.Chunk) error}
      *              and {@link org.eclipse.jetty.http.Trailers} chunks.
      *              If a reference to the chunk (or its {@link ByteBuffer}) is kept,
      *              then {@link Content.Chunk#retain()} must be called.

jetty-core/jetty-server/src/main/java/org/eclipse/jetty/server/handler/MovedContextHandler.java

@@ -18,7 +18,6 @@ import org.eclipse.jetty.http.HttpHeader;
 import org.eclipse.jetty.http.HttpStatus;
 import org.eclipse.jetty.http.HttpURI;
 import org.eclipse.jetty.http.PreEncodedHttpField;
-import org.eclipse.jetty.server.Handler;
 import org.eclipse.jetty.server.Request;
 import org.eclipse.jetty.server.Response;
 import org.eclipse.jetty.util.Callback;
@@ -42,13 +41,6 @@ public class MovedContextHandler extends ContextHandler
         setAllowNullPathInContext(true);
     }
 
-    public MovedContextHandler(Handler.Container parent, String contextPath, String redirectURI)
-    {
-        Handler.Container.setAsParent(parent, this);
-        setContextPath(contextPath);
-        setRedirectURI(redirectURI);
-    }
-
     /**
      * @return the redirect status code, by default 303
      */

jetty-core/jetty-server/src/main/java/org/eclipse/jetty/server/handler/ResourceHandler.java

@@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ public class ResourceHandler extends Handler.Wrapper
 
     protected ResourceService.WelcomeFactory setupWelcomeFactory()
     {
-        return request ->
+        return (content, request) ->
         {
             if (_welcomes == null)
                 return null;
@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ public class ResourceHandler extends Handler.Wrapper
             {
                 String pathInContext = Request.getPathInContext(request);
                 String welcomeInContext = URIUtil.addPaths(pathInContext, welcome);
-                Resource welcomePath = _baseResource.resolve(pathInContext).resolve(welcome);
+                Resource welcomePath = content.getResource().resolve(welcome);
                 if (Resources.isReadableFile(welcomePath))
                     return welcomeInContext;
             }

jetty-core/jetty-server/src/main/java/org/eclipse/jetty/server/handler/StatisticsHandler.java

@@ -268,7 +268,7 @@ public class StatisticsHandler extends EventsHandler
 
         protected class MinimumDataRateRequest extends Request.Wrapper
         {
-            private Content.Chunk.Error _errorContent;
+            private Content.Chunk _errorContent;
 
             private MinimumDataRateRequest(Request request)
             {

jetty-core/jetty-server/src/main/java/org/eclipse/jetty/server/handler/gzip/GzipHandler.java

@@ -526,9 +526,9 @@ public class GzipHandler extends Handler.Wrapper implements GzipFactory
         if (Request.as(request, GzipRequest.class) != null)
             return next.handle(request, response, callback);
 
-        String path = Request.getPathInContext(request);
-        boolean tryInflate = getInflateBufferSize() >= 0 && isPathInflatable(path);
-        boolean tryDeflate = _methods.test(request.getMethod()) && isPathDeflatable(path) && isMimeTypeDeflatable(request.getContext().getMimeTypes(), path);
+        String pathInContext = Request.getPathInContext(request);
+        boolean tryInflate = getInflateBufferSize() >= 0 && isPathInflatable(pathInContext);
+        boolean tryDeflate = _methods.test(request.getMethod()) && isPathDeflatable(pathInContext) && isMimeTypeDeflatable(request.getContext().getMimeTypes(), pathInContext);
 
         // Can we skip looking at the request and wrapping request or response?
         if (!tryInflate && !tryDeflate)
@@ -624,15 +624,15 @@ public class GzipHandler extends Handler.Wrapper implements GzipFactory
     /**
      * Test if the provided Request URI is allowed to be inflated based on the Path Specs filters.
      *
-     * @param requestURI the request uri
+     * @param pathInContext the request path in context
      * @return whether decompressing is allowed for the given the path.
      */
-    protected boolean isPathInflatable(String requestURI)
+    protected boolean isPathInflatable(String pathInContext)
     {
-        if (requestURI == null)
+        if (pathInContext == null)
             return true;
 
-        return _inflatePaths.test(requestURI);
+        return _inflatePaths.test(pathInContext);
     }
 
     /**

jetty-core/jetty-server/src/main/java/org/eclipse/jetty/server/handler/gzip/GzipRequest.java

@@ -159,7 +159,7 @@ public class GzipRequest extends Request.Wrapper
                 _chunk = inputChunk;
             if (_chunk == null)
                 return null;
-            if (_chunk instanceof Content.Chunk.Error)
+            if (Content.Chunk.isFailure(_chunk))
                 return _chunk;
             if (_chunk.isLast() && !_chunk.hasRemaining())
                 return Content.Chunk.EOF;

jetty-core/jetty-server/src/main/java/org/eclipse/jetty/server/internal/HttpChannelState.java

@@ -104,7 +104,6 @@ public class HttpChannelState implements HttpChannel, Components
     private final HandlerInvoker _handlerInvoker = new HandlerInvoker();
     private final ConnectionMetaData _connectionMetaData;
     private final SerializedInvoker _serializedInvoker;
-    private final Attributes _requestAttributes = new Attributes.Lazy();
     private final ResponseHttpFields _responseHeaders = new ResponseHttpFields();
     private Thread _handling;
     private boolean _handled;
@@ -120,7 +119,7 @@ public class HttpChannelState implements HttpChannel, Components
     /**
      * Failure passed to {@link #onFailure(Throwable)}
      */
-    private Content.Chunk.Error _failure;
+    private Content.Chunk _failure;
     /**
      * Listener for {@link #onFailure(Throwable)} events
      */
@@ -157,7 +156,6 @@ public class HttpChannelState implements HttpChannel, Components
             _streamSendState = StreamSendState.SENDING;
 
             // Recycle.
-            _requestAttributes.clearAttributes();
             _responseHeaders.reset();
             _handling = null;
             _handled = false;
@@ -402,9 +400,9 @@ public class HttpChannelState implements HttpChannel, Components
             {
                 _failure = Content.Chunk.from(x);
             }
-            else if (ExceptionUtil.areNotAssociated(_failure.getCause(), x) && _failure.getCause().getClass() != x.getClass())
+            else if (ExceptionUtil.areNotAssociated(_failure.getFailure(), x) && _failure.getFailure().getClass() != x.getClass())
             {
-                _failure.getCause().addSuppressed(x);
+                _failure.getFailure().addSuppressed(x);
             }
 
             // If not handled, then we just fail the request callback
@@ -741,6 +739,7 @@ public class HttpChannelState implements HttpChannel, Components
         private final MetaData.Request _metaData;
         private final AutoLock _lock;
         private final LongAdder _contentBytesRead = new LongAdder();
+        private final Attributes _attributes = new Attributes.Lazy();
         private HttpChannelState _httpChannelState;
         private Request _loggedRequest;
         private HttpFields _trailers;
@@ -777,26 +776,25 @@ public class HttpChannelState implements HttpChannel, Components
         @Override
         public Object getAttribute(String name)
         {
-            HttpChannelState httpChannel = getHttpChannelState();
             if (name.startsWith("org.eclipse.jetty"))
             {
                 if (Server.class.getName().equals(name))
-                    return httpChannel.getConnectionMetaData().getConnector().getServer();
+                    return getConnectionMetaData().getConnector().getServer();
                 if (HttpChannelState.class.getName().equals(name))
-                    return httpChannel;
+                    return getHttpChannelState();
                 // TODO: is the instanceof needed?
                 // TODO: possibly remove this if statement or move to Servlet.
                 if (HttpConnection.class.getName().equals(name) &&
                     getConnectionMetaData().getConnection() instanceof HttpConnection)
                     return getConnectionMetaData().getConnection();
             }
-            return httpChannel._requestAttributes.getAttribute(name);
+            return _attributes.getAttribute(name);
         }
 
         @Override
         public Object removeAttribute(String name)
         {
-            return getHttpChannelState()._requestAttributes.removeAttribute(name);
+            return _attributes.removeAttribute(name);
         }
 
         @Override
@@ -804,19 +802,19 @@ public class HttpChannelState implements HttpChannel, Components
         {
             if (Server.class.getName().equals(name) || HttpChannelState.class.getName().equals(name) || HttpConnection.class.getName().equals(name))
                 return null;
-            return getHttpChannelState()._requestAttributes.setAttribute(name, attribute);
+            return _attributes.setAttribute(name, attribute);
         }
 
         @Override
         public Set<String> getAttributeNameSet()
         {
-            return getHttpChannelState()._requestAttributes.getAttributeNameSet();
+            return _attributes.getAttributeNameSet();
         }
 
         @Override
         public void clearAttributes()
         {
-            getHttpChannelState()._requestAttributes.clearAttributes();
+            _attributes.clearAttributes();
         }
 
         @Override
@@ -837,7 +835,7 @@ public class HttpChannelState implements HttpChannel, Components
             return _connectionMetaData;
         }
 
-        HttpChannelState getHttpChannelState()
+        private HttpChannelState getHttpChannelState()
         {
             try (AutoLock ignore = _lock.lock())
             {
@@ -1178,16 +1176,15 @@ public class HttpChannelState implements HttpChannel, Components
         {
             long length = BufferUtil.length(content);
 
-            long totalWritten;
             HttpChannelState httpChannelState;
             HttpStream stream = null;
-            Throwable failure = null;
+            Throwable failure;
             MetaData.Response responseMetaData = null;
             try (AutoLock ignored = _request._lock.lock())
             {
                 httpChannelState = _request.lockedGetHttpChannelState();
                 long committedContentLength = httpChannelState._committedContentLength;
-                totalWritten = _contentBytesWritten + length;
+                long totalWritten = _contentBytesWritten + length;
                 long contentLength = committedContentLength >= 0 ? committedContentLength : getHeaders().getLongField(HttpHeader.CONTENT_LENGTH);
 
                 if (_writeCallback != null)
@@ -1195,11 +1192,14 @@ public class HttpChannelState implements HttpChannel, Components
                 else
                 {
                     failure = getFailure(httpChannelState);
-                    if (failure == null && contentLength >= 0)
+                    if (failure == null && contentLength >= 0 && totalWritten != contentLength)
                     {
                         // If the content length were not compatible with what was written, then we need to abort.
-                        String lengthError = (totalWritten > contentLength) ? "written %d > %d content-length"
-                            : (last && totalWritten < contentLength) ? "written %d < %d content-length" : null;
+                        String lengthError = null;
+                        if (totalWritten > contentLength)
+                            lengthError = "written %d > %d content-length";
+                        else if (last && !(totalWritten == 0 && HttpMethod.HEAD.is(_request.getMethod())))
+                            lengthError = "written %d < %d content-length";
                         if (lengthError != null)
                         {
                             String message = lengthError.formatted(totalWritten, contentLength);
@@ -1245,8 +1245,8 @@ public class HttpChannelState implements HttpChannel, Components
 
         protected Throwable getFailure(HttpChannelState httpChannelState)
         {
-            Content.Chunk.Error failure = httpChannelState._failure;
-            return failure == null ? null : failure.getCause();
+            Content.Chunk failure = httpChannelState._failure;
+            return failure == null ? null : failure.getFailure();
         }
 
         /**
@@ -1441,7 +1441,7 @@ public class HttpChannelState implements HttpChannel, Components
                 long totalWritten = response._contentBytesWritten;
                 long committedContentLength = httpChannelState._committedContentLength;
 
-                if (committedContentLength >= 0 && committedContentLength != totalWritten)
+                if (committedContentLength >= 0 && committedContentLength != totalWritten && !(totalWritten == 0 && HttpMethod.HEAD.is(_request.getMethod())))
                     failure = new IOException("content-length %d != %d written".formatted(committedContentLength, totalWritten));
 
                 // is the request fully consumed?
@@ -1696,7 +1696,7 @@ public class HttpChannelState implements HttpChannel, Components
         protected void onError(Runnable task, Throwable failure)
         {
             ChannelRequest request;
-            Content.Chunk.Error error;
+            Content.Chunk error;
             boolean callbackCompleted;
             try (AutoLock ignore = _lock.lock())
             {
@@ -1728,9 +1728,9 @@ public class HttpChannelState implements HttpChannel, Components
             {
                 // We are already in error, so we will not handle this one,
                 // but we will add as suppressed if we have not seen it already.
-                Throwable cause = error.getCause();
+                Throwable cause = error.getFailure();
                 if (ExceptionUtil.areNotAssociated(cause, failure))
-                    error.getCause().addSuppressed(failure);
+                    error.getFailure().addSuppressed(failure);
             }
         }
     }

jetty-core/jetty-server/src/main/java/org/eclipse/jetty/server/internal/HttpConnection.java

@@ -1098,8 +1098,8 @@ public class HttpConnection extends AbstractConnection implements Runnable, Writ
             {
                 BadMessageException bad = new BadMessageException("Early EOF");
 
-                if (stream._chunk instanceof Error error)
-                    error.getCause().addSuppressed(bad);
+                if (Content.Chunk.isFailure(stream._chunk))
+                    stream._chunk.getFailure().addSuppressed(bad);
                 else
                 {
                     if (stream._chunk != null)

jetty-core/jetty-server/src/test/java/org/eclipse/jetty/server/ConnectorTimeoutTest.java

@@ -657,9 +657,9 @@ public abstract class ConnectorTimeoutTest extends HttpServerTestFixture
                         request.demand(this);
                         return;
                     }
-                    if (chunk instanceof Content.Chunk.Error error)
+                    if (Content.Chunk.isFailure(chunk))
                     {
-                        callback.failed(error.getCause());
+                        callback.failed(chunk.getFailure());
                         return;
                     }
                     // copy buffer

jetty-core/jetty-server/src/test/java/org/eclipse/jetty/server/GracefulHandlerTest.java

@@ -710,9 +710,9 @@ public class GracefulHandlerTest
                         }
                     }
                     LOG.debug("chunk = {}", chunk);
-                    if (chunk instanceof Content.Chunk.Error error)
+                    if (Content.Chunk.isFailure(chunk))
                     {
-                        Response.writeError(request, response, callback, error.getCause());
+                        Response.writeError(request, response, callback, chunk.getFailure());
                         return true;
                     }
                     bytesRead += chunk.remaining();

jetty-core/jetty-server/src/test/java/org/eclipse/jetty/server/HttpChannelTest.java

@@ -66,7 +66,6 @@ import static org.hamcrest.Matchers.sameInstance;
 import static org.hamcrest.Matchers.startsWith;
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertFalse;
-import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertInstanceOf;
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertNotNull;
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertNull;
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertTrue;
@@ -1214,8 +1213,8 @@ public class HttpChannelTest
         Request rq = handling.get().getRequest();
         Content.Chunk chunk = rq.read();
         assertTrue(chunk.isLast());
-        assertInstanceOf(Content.Chunk.Error.class, chunk);
-        assertThat(((Content.Chunk.Error)chunk).getCause(), sameInstance(failure));
+        assertTrue(Content.Chunk.isFailure(chunk, true));
+        assertThat(chunk.getFailure(), sameInstance(failure));
 
         CountDownLatch demand = new CountDownLatch(1);
         // Callback serialized until after onError task

jetty-core/jetty-server/src/test/java/org/eclipse/jetty/server/HttpServerTestBase.java

@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@ import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicReference;
 
 import org.awaitility.Awaitility;
 import org.eclipse.jetty.http.HttpHeader;
+import org.eclipse.jetty.http.HttpMethod;
 import org.eclipse.jetty.http.HttpStatus;
 import org.eclipse.jetty.http.HttpTester;
 import org.eclipse.jetty.io.AbstractConnection;
@@ -542,10 +543,10 @@ public abstract class HttpServerTestBase extends HttpServerTestFixture
                         continue;
                     }
 
-                    if (chunk instanceof Content.Chunk.Error error)
+                    if (Content.Chunk.isFailure(chunk))
                     {
                         earlyEOFException.countDown();
-                        throw IO.rethrow(error.getCause());
+                        throw IO.rethrow(chunk.getFailure());
                     }
 
                     if (chunk.hasRemaining())
@@ -1334,6 +1335,75 @@ public abstract class HttpServerTestBase extends HttpServerTestFixture
         }
     }
 
+    @Test
+    public void testHeadHandled() throws Exception
+    {
+        startServer(new Handler.Abstract()
+        {
+            @Override
+            public boolean handle(Request request, Response response, Callback callback) throws Exception
+            {
+                response.getHeaders().put(HttpHeader.CONTENT_LENGTH, 10);
+                if (HttpMethod.HEAD.is(request.getMethod()))
+                {
+                    if (request.getHttpURI().getCanonicalPath().equals("/writeNull"))
+                        response.write(true, null, callback);
+                    else
+                        callback.succeeded();
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    Content.Sink.write(response, true, "123456789\n", callback);
+                }
+                return true;
+            }
+        });
+        _httpConfiguration.setSendDateHeader(false);
+        _httpConfiguration.setSendServerVersion(false);
+        _httpConfiguration.setSendXPoweredBy(false);
+
+        try (Socket client = newSocket(_serverURI.getHost(), _serverURI.getPort()))
+        {
+            OutputStream os = client.getOutputStream();
+            InputStream is = client.getInputStream();
+
+            os.write("""
+                GET / HTTP/1.1
+                Host: localhost
+                
+                HEAD / HTTP/1.1
+                Host: localhost
+                
+                HEAD /writeNull HTTP/1.1
+                Host: localhost
+                
+                GET / HTTP/1.1
+                Host: localhost
+                Connection: close
+                
+                """.getBytes(StandardCharsets.ISO_8859_1));
+
+            String in = IO.toString(is);
+            assertThat(in.replace("\r", ""), is("""
+                HTTP/1.1 200 OK
+                Content-Length: 10
+                
+                123456789
+                HTTP/1.1 200 OK
+                Content-Length: 10
+                
+                HTTP/1.1 200 OK
+                Content-Length: 10
+                
+                HTTP/1.1 200 OK
+                Content-Length: 10
+                Connection: close
+                
+                123456789
+                """));
+        }
+    }
+
     @Test
     public void testBlockedClient() throws Exception
     {

jetty-core/jetty-server/src/test/java/org/eclipse/jetty/server/StopTest.java

@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@ import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicBoolean;
 
 import org.eclipse.jetty.http.HttpHeader;
 import org.eclipse.jetty.io.Connection;
+import org.eclipse.jetty.io.Content;
 import org.eclipse.jetty.io.EndPoint;
 import org.eclipse.jetty.server.LocalConnector.LocalEndPoint;
 import org.eclipse.jetty.server.handler.ContextHandler;
@@ -39,11 +40,11 @@ import org.eclipse.jetty.util.NanoTime;
 import org.eclipse.jetty.util.component.LifeCycle;
 import org.hamcrest.Matcher;
 import org.hamcrest.Matchers;
-import org.junit.jupiter.api.Disabled;
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
 import org.slf4j.Logger;
 import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
 
+import static org.awaitility.Awaitility.await;
 import static org.hamcrest.MatcherAssert.assertThat;
 import static org.hamcrest.Matchers.containsString;
 import static org.hamcrest.Matchers.endsWith;
@@ -57,7 +58,6 @@ import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertThrows;
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertTrue;
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.fail;
 
-@Disabled // TODO
 public class StopTest
 {
     private static final Logger LOG = LoggerFactory.getLogger(StopTest.class);
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ public class StopTest
             }
             catch (Exception e)
             {
-                e.printStackTrace();
+                throw new RuntimeException(e);
             }
         });
         stopper.start();
@@ -108,10 +108,7 @@ public class StopTest
             ).getBytes());
             client.getOutputStream().flush();
 
-            while (!connector.isShutdown())
-            {
-                Thread.sleep(10);
-            }
+            await().atMost(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS).until(connector::isShutdown);
 
             handler.latchB.countDown();
 
@@ -281,89 +278,83 @@ public class StopTest
         LocalConnector connector = new LocalConnector(server);
         server.addConnector(connector);
 
-        StatisticsHandler stats = new StatisticsHandler();
+        ContextHandler context = new ContextHandler("/");
+        StatisticsHandler stats = new StatisticsHandler(context);
         server.setHandler(stats);
 
-        ContextHandler context = new ContextHandler(stats, "/");
-
         Exchanger<Void> exchanger0 = new Exchanger<>();
         Exchanger<Void> exchanger1 = new Exchanger<>();
-        /* TODO
-        context.setHandler(new AbstractHandler()
+        context.setHandler(new Handler.Abstract()
         {
             @Override
-            public void handle(String target, Request baseRequest, HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
-                throws IOException, ServletException
+            public boolean handle(Request request, Response response, Callback callback) throws Exception
             {
                 try
                 {
                     exchanger0.exchange(null);
                     exchanger1.exchange(null);
+
+                    response.setStatus(200);
+                    Content.Sink.write(response, true, "The Response", callback);
                 }
                 catch (Throwable x)
                 {
-                    throw new ServletException(x);
+                    callback.failed(x);
                 }
 
-                baseRequest.setHandled(true);
-                response.setStatus(200);
-                response.getWriter().println("The Response");
-                response.getWriter().close();
+                return true;
             }
         });
 
-         */
 
         server.setStopTimeout(1000);
         server.start();
 
-        LocalEndPoint endp = connector.executeRequest(
-            "GET / HTTP/1.1\r\n" +
-                "Host: localhost\r\n" +
-                "\r\n"
-        );
-
-        exchanger0.exchange(null);
-        exchanger1.exchange(null);
-
-        String response = endp.getResponse();
-        assertThat(response, containsString("200 OK"));
-        assertThat(response, Matchers.not(containsString("Connection: close")));
-
-        endp.addInputAndExecute(BufferUtil.toBuffer("GET / HTTP/1.1\r\nHost:localhost\r\n\r\n"));
-
-        exchanger0.exchange(null);
-
-        FutureCallback stopped = new FutureCallback();
-        new Thread(() ->
+        try (LocalEndPoint endp = connector.executeRequest(
+            """
+                GET / HTTP/1.1\r
+                Host: localhost\r
+                \r
+                """
+        ))
         {
-            try
-            {
-                server.stop();
-                stopped.succeeded();
-            }
-            catch (Throwable e)
-            {
-                stopped.failed(e);
-            }
-        }).start();
+            exchanger0.exchange(null);
+            exchanger1.exchange(null);
 
-        long start = NanoTime.now();
-        while (!connector.isShutdown())
-        {
-            assertThat(NanoTime.secondsSince(start), lessThan(10L));
-            Thread.sleep(10);
+            String response = endp.getResponse();
+            assertThat(response, containsString("200 OK"));
+            assertThat(response, Matchers.not(containsString("Connection: close")));
+
+            endp.addInputAndExecute(BufferUtil.toBuffer("GET / HTTP/1.1\r\nHost:localhost\r\n\r\n"));
+
+            exchanger0.exchange(null);
+
+            FutureCallback stopped = new FutureCallback();
+            new Thread(() ->
+            {
+                try
+                {
+                    server.stop();
+                    stopped.succeeded();
+                }
+                catch (Throwable e)
+                {
+                    stopped.failed(e);
+                }
+            }).start();
+
+            await().atMost(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS).until(connector::isShutdown);
+
+            // Check new connections rejected!
+            assertThrows(IllegalStateException.class, () -> connector.getResponse("GET / HTTP/1.1\r\nHost:localhost\r\n\r\n"));
+
+            // Check completed 200 has close
+            exchanger1.exchange(null);
+            response = endp.getResponse();
+            assertThat(response, containsString("200 OK"));
+            assertThat(response, Matchers.containsString("Connection: close"));
+            stopped.get(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
         }
-
-        // Check new connections rejected!
-        assertThrows(IllegalStateException.class, () -> connector.getResponse("GET / HTTP/1.1\r\nHost:localhost\r\n\r\n"));
-
-        // Check completed 200 has close
-        exchanger1.exchange(null);
-        response = endp.getResponse();
-        assertThat(response, containsString("200 OK"));
-        assertThat(response, Matchers.containsString("Connection: close"));
-        stopped.get(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
     }
 
     @Test
@@ -374,85 +365,81 @@ public class StopTest
         LocalConnector connector = new LocalConnector(server);
         server.addConnector(connector);
 
-        ContextHandler context = new ContextHandler(server, "/");
-
+        ContextHandler context = new ContextHandler("/");
+        server.setHandler(context);
         StatisticsHandler stats = new StatisticsHandler();
         context.setHandler(stats);
 
         Exchanger<Void> exchanger0 = new Exchanger<>();
         Exchanger<Void> exchanger1 = new Exchanger<>();
-        /* TODO
-        stats.setHandler(new AbstractHandler()
+        stats.setHandler(new Handler.Abstract()
         {
             @Override
-            public void handle(String target, Request baseRequest, HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
-                throws IOException, ServletException
+            public boolean handle(Request request, Response response, Callback callback) throws Exception
             {
                 try
                 {
                     exchanger0.exchange(null);
                     exchanger1.exchange(null);
+
+                    response.setStatus(200);
+                    Content.Sink.write(response, true, "The Response", callback);
                 }
                 catch (Throwable x)
                 {
-                    throw new ServletException(x);
+                    callback.failed(x);
                 }
-
-                baseRequest.setHandled(true);
-                response.setStatus(200);
-                response.getWriter().println("The Response");
-                response.getWriter().close();
+                return true;
             }
         });
 
-         */
-
         server.start();
 
-        LocalEndPoint endp = connector.executeRequest(
-            "GET / HTTP/1.1\r\n" +
-                "Host: localhost\r\n" +
-                "\r\n"
-        );
-
-        exchanger0.exchange(null);
-        exchanger1.exchange(null);
-
-        String response = endp.getResponse();
-        assertThat(response, containsString("200 OK"));
-        assertThat(response, Matchers.not(containsString("Connection: close")));
-
-        endp.addInputAndExecute(BufferUtil.toBuffer("GET / HTTP/1.1\r\nHost:localhost\r\n\r\n"));
-        exchanger0.exchange(null);
-
-        CountDownLatch latch = new CountDownLatch(1);
-        new Thread(() ->
+        try (LocalEndPoint endp = connector.executeRequest(
+            """
+                GET / HTTP/1.1\r
+                Host: localhost\r
+                \r
+                """
+        ))
         {
-            try
+            exchanger0.exchange(null);
+            exchanger1.exchange(null);
+
+            String response = endp.getResponse();
+            assertThat(response, containsString("200 OK"));
+            assertThat(response, Matchers.not(containsString("Connection: close")));
+
+            endp.addInputAndExecute(BufferUtil.toBuffer("GET / HTTP/1.1\r\nHost:localhost\r\n\r\n"));
+            exchanger0.exchange(null);
+
+            CountDownLatch latch = new CountDownLatch(1);
+            new Thread(() ->
             {
-                context.stop();
-                latch.countDown();
-            }
-            catch (Exception e)
-            {
-                e.printStackTrace();
-            }
-        }).start();
-        while (context.isStarted())
-        {
-            Thread.sleep(10);
+                try
+                {
+                    context.stop();
+                    latch.countDown();
+                }
+                catch (Exception e)
+                {
+                    e.printStackTrace();
+                }
+            }).start();
+
+            await().atMost(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS).until(context::isStopped);
+
+            // Check new connections accepted, but don't find context!
+            String unavailable = connector.getResponse("GET / HTTP/1.1\r\nHost:localhost\r\n\r\n");
+            assertThat(unavailable, containsString(" 404 Not Found"));
+
+            // Check completed 200 does not have close
+            exchanger1.exchange(null);
+            response = endp.getResponse();
+            assertThat(response, containsString("200 OK"));
+            assertThat(response, Matchers.not(Matchers.containsString("Connection: close")));
+            assertTrue(latch.await(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS));
         }
-
-        // Check new connections accepted, but don't find context!
-        String unavailable = connector.getResponse("GET / HTTP/1.1\r\nHost:localhost\r\n\r\n");
-        assertThat(unavailable, containsString(" 404 Not Found"));
-
-        // Check completed 200 does not have close
-        exchanger1.exchange(null);
-        response = endp.getResponse();
-        assertThat(response, containsString("200 OK"));
-        assertThat(response, Matchers.not(Matchers.containsString("Connection: close")));
-        assertTrue(latch.await(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS));
     }
 
     @Test
@@ -486,12 +473,12 @@ public class StopTest
         ContextHandler context2 = new ContextHandler("/two")
         {
             @Override
-            protected void doStart() throws Exception
+            protected void doStart()
             {
                 context2Started.set(true);
             }
         };
-        contexts.setHandlers(new Handler[]{context0, context1, context2});
+        contexts.setHandlers(context0, context1, context2);
 
         try
         {
@@ -535,30 +522,19 @@ public class StopTest
         public boolean handle(Request request, Response response, Callback callback) throws Exception
         {
             response.getHeaders().put(HttpHeader.CONTENT_LENGTH, 2);
-            response.write(true, ByteBuffer.wrap("a".getBytes()), new Callback()
+            request.getContext().run(() ->
             {
-                @Override
-                public void succeeded()
+                try
                 {
-                    try
-                    {
-                        latchA.countDown();
-                        latchB.await();
-                    }
-                    catch (InterruptedException e)
-                    {
-                        throw new RuntimeException(e);
-                    }
-                    response.write(true, ByteBuffer.wrap("b".getBytes()), callback);
+                    latchA.countDown();
+                    latchB.await();
                 }
-
-                @Override
-                public void failed(Throwable x)
+                catch (InterruptedException e)
                 {
-                    callback.failed(x);
+                    throw new RuntimeException(e);
                 }
+                response.write(true, ByteBuffer.wrap("ab".getBytes()), callback);
             });
-
             return true;
         }
     }

jetty-core/jetty-server/src/test/java/org/eclipse/jetty/server/handler/DumpHandler.java

@@ -105,9 +105,9 @@ public class DumpHandler extends Handler.Abstract
                     }
                 }
 
-                if (chunk instanceof Content.Chunk.Error error)
+                if (Content.Chunk.isFailure(chunk))
                 {
-                    callback.failed(error.getCause());
+                    callback.failed(chunk.getFailure());
                     return true;
                 }
 

jetty-core/jetty-server/src/test/java/org/eclipse/jetty/server/handler/StatisticsHandlerTest.java

@@ -100,9 +100,9 @@ public class StatisticsHandlerTest
                         return true;
                     }
 
-                    if (chunk instanceof Content.Chunk.Error errorContent)
+                    if (Content.Chunk.isFailure(chunk))
                     {
-                        callback.failed(errorContent.getCause());
+                        callback.failed(chunk.getFailure());
                         return true;
                     }
 

jetty-core/jetty-server/src/test/java/org/eclipse/jetty/server/handler/ThreadLimitHandlerTest.java

@@ -284,8 +284,8 @@ public class ThreadLimitHandlerTest
                                     request.demand(this);
                                     return;
                                 }
-                                if (chunk instanceof Error error)
-                                    throw error.getCause();
+                                if (Content.Chunk.isFailure(chunk))
+                                    throw chunk.getFailure();
 
                                 if (chunk.hasRemaining())
                                     read.addAndGet(chunk.remaining());

jetty-core/jetty-tests/jetty-test-client-transports/src/test/java/org/eclipse/jetty/test/client/transport/HttpClientTest.java

@@ -63,7 +63,6 @@ import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.MethodSource;
 
 import static org.hamcrest.MatcherAssert.assertThat;
 import static org.hamcrest.Matchers.containsString;
-import static org.hamcrest.Matchers.instanceOf;
 import static org.hamcrest.Matchers.is;
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertArrayEquals;
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
@@ -256,8 +255,8 @@ public class HttpClientTest extends AbstractTest
                             continue;
                         }
                     }
-                    if (chunk instanceof Content.Chunk.Error error)
-                        throw IO.rethrow(error.getCause());
+                    if (Content.Chunk.isFailure(chunk))
+                        throw IO.rethrow(chunk.getFailure());
 
                     total += chunk.remaining();
                     if (total >= sleep)
@@ -941,7 +940,7 @@ public class HttpClientTest extends AbstractTest
         assertThat(chunks2.stream().mapToInt(c -> c.getByteBuffer().remaining()).sum(), is(totalBytes));
         assertThat(chunks3.stream().mapToInt(c -> c.getByteBuffer().remaining()).sum(), is(0));
         assertThat(chunks3.size(), is(1));
-        assertThat(chunks3.get(0), instanceOf(Content.Chunk.Error.class));
+        assertTrue(Content.Chunk.isFailure(chunks3.get(0), true));
 
         chunks1.forEach(Content.Chunk::release);
         chunks2.forEach(Content.Chunk::release);
@@ -983,7 +982,7 @@ public class HttpClientTest extends AbstractTest
         assertThat(chunks3Latch.await(5, TimeUnit.SECONDS), is(true));
         assertThat(chunks3.stream().mapToInt(c -> c.getByteBuffer().remaining()).sum(), is(0));
         assertThat(chunks3.size(), is(1));
-        assertThat(chunks3.get(0), instanceOf(Content.Chunk.Error.class));
+        assertTrue(Content.Chunk.isFailure(chunks3.get(0), true));
 
         chunks1.forEach(Content.Chunk::release);
         chunks2.forEach(Content.Chunk::release);

jetty-core/jetty-tests/jetty-test-client-transports/src/test/java/org/eclipse/jetty/test/client/transport/ServerTimeoutsTest.java

@@ -130,8 +130,8 @@ public class ServerTimeoutsTest extends AbstractTest
 
         // Reads should yield the idle timeout.
         Content.Chunk chunk = requestRef.get().read();
-        assertThat(chunk, instanceOf(Content.Chunk.Error.class));
-        Throwable cause = ((Content.Chunk.Error)chunk).getCause();
+        assertTrue(Content.Chunk.isFailure(chunk, true));
+        Throwable cause = chunk.getFailure();
         assertThat(cause, instanceOf(TimeoutException.class));
 
         // Complete the callback as the error listener promised.

jetty-core/jetty-util/src/main/java/org/eclipse/jetty/util/Blocker.java

@@ -208,7 +208,6 @@ public class Blocker
 
     /**
      * A shared reusable Blocking source.
-     * TODO Review need for this, as it is currently unused.
      */
     public static class Shared
     {

jetty-core/jetty-util/src/main/java/org/eclipse/jetty/util/IteratingCallback.java

@@ -400,6 +400,7 @@ public abstract class IteratingCallback implements Callback
                     break;
                 case PENDING:
                 {
+                    _state = State.FAILED;
                     failure = true;
                     break;
                 }

jetty-core/jetty-util/src/test/java/org/eclipse/jetty/util/IteratingCallbackTest.java

@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ package org.eclipse.jetty.util;
 
 import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;
 import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger;
 
 import org.eclipse.jetty.util.thread.ScheduledExecutorScheduler;
 import org.eclipse.jetty.util.thread.Scheduler;
@@ -322,4 +323,44 @@ public class IteratingCallbackTest
             return isSucceeded();
         }
     }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testMultipleFailures() throws Exception
+    {
+        AtomicInteger process = new AtomicInteger();
+        AtomicInteger failure = new AtomicInteger();
+        IteratingCallback icb = new IteratingCallback()
+        {
+            @Override
+            protected Action process() throws Throwable
+            {
+                process.incrementAndGet();
+                return Action.SCHEDULED;
+            }
+
+            @Override
+            protected void onCompleteFailure(Throwable cause)
+            {
+                super.onCompleteFailure(cause);
+                failure.incrementAndGet();
+            }
+        };
+
+        icb.iterate();
+        assertEquals(1, process.get());
+        assertEquals(0, failure.get());
+
+        icb.failed(new Throwable("test1"));
+
+        assertEquals(1, process.get());
+        assertEquals(1, failure.get());
+
+        icb.succeeded();
+        assertEquals(1, process.get());
+        assertEquals(1, failure.get());
+
+        icb.failed(new Throwable("test2"));
+        assertEquals(1, process.get());
+        assertEquals(1, failure.get());
+    }
 }

jetty-core/jetty-websocket/jetty-websocket-core-server/src/main/java/org/eclipse/jetty/websocket/core/server/ServerUpgradeResponse.java

@@ -28,5 +28,7 @@ public interface ServerUpgradeResponse extends Response
 
     void addExtensions(List<ExtensionConfig> configs);
 
+    void removeExtensions(List<ExtensionConfig> configs);
+
     void setExtensions(List<ExtensionConfig> configs);
 }

jetty-core/jetty-websocket/jetty-websocket-core-server/src/main/java/org/eclipse/jetty/websocket/core/server/internal/HttpFieldsWrapper.java

@@ -1,166 +0,0 @@
-//
-// ========================================================================
-// Copyright (c) 1995 Mort Bay Consulting Pty Ltd and others.
-//
-// This program and the accompanying materials are made available under the
-// terms of the Eclipse Public License v. 2.0 which is available at
-// https://www.eclipse.org/legal/epl-2.0, or the Apache License, Version 2.0
-// which is available at https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0.
-//
-// SPDX-License-Identifier: EPL-2.0 OR Apache-2.0
-// ========================================================================
-//
-
-package org.eclipse.jetty.websocket.core.server.internal;
-
-import java.util.EnumSet;
-import java.util.Iterator;
-import java.util.ListIterator;
-
-import org.eclipse.jetty.http.HttpField;
-import org.eclipse.jetty.http.HttpFields;
-import org.eclipse.jetty.http.HttpHeader;
-import org.eclipse.jetty.http.HttpHeaderValue;
-
-public class HttpFieldsWrapper implements HttpFields.Mutable
-{
-    private final HttpFields.Mutable _fields;
-
-    public HttpFieldsWrapper(HttpFields.Mutable fields)
-    {
-        _fields = fields;
-    }
-
-    public boolean onPutField(String name, String value)
-    {
-        return true;
-    }
-
-    public boolean onAddField(String name, String value)
-    {
-        return true;
-    }
-
-    public boolean onRemoveField(String name)
-    {
-        return true;
-    }
-    
-    @Override
-    public Mutable add(String name, String value)
-    {
-        if (onAddField(name, value))
-            return _fields.add(name, value);
-        return this;
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public Mutable add(HttpHeader header, HttpHeaderValue value)
-    {
-        if (onAddField(header.asString(), value.asString()))
-            return _fields.add(header, value);
-        return this;
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public Mutable add(HttpHeader header, String value)
-    {
-        if (onAddField(header.asString(), value))
-            return _fields.add(header, value);
-        return this;
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public Mutable add(HttpField field)
-    {
-        if (onAddField(field.getName(), field.getValue()))
-            return _fields.add(field);
-        return this;
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public Mutable add(HttpFields fields)
-    {
-        for (HttpField field : fields)
-        {
-            add(field);
-        }
-        return this;
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public Mutable clear()
-    {
-        return _fields.clear();
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public Iterator<HttpField> iterator()
-    {
-        return _fields.iterator();
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public ListIterator<HttpField> listIterator()
-    {
-        return _fields.listIterator();
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public Mutable put(HttpField field)
-    {
-        if (onPutField(field.getName(), field.getValue()))
-            return _fields.put(field);
-        return this;
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public Mutable put(String name, String value)
-    {
-        if (onPutField(name, value))
-            return _fields.put(name, value);
-        return this;
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public Mutable put(HttpHeader header, HttpHeaderValue value)
-    {
-        if (onPutField(header.asString(), value.asString()))
-            return _fields.put(header, value);
-        return this;
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public Mutable put(HttpHeader header, String value)
-    {
-        if (onPutField(header.asString(), value))
-            return _fields.put(header, value);
-        return this;
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public Mutable remove(HttpHeader header)
-    {
-        if (onRemoveField(header.asString()))
-            return _fields.remove(header);
-        return this;
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public Mutable remove(EnumSet<HttpHeader> fields)
-    {
-        for (HttpHeader header : fields)
-        {
-            remove(header);
-        }
-        return this;
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public Mutable remove(String name)
-    {
-        if (onRemoveField(name))
-            return _fields.remove(name);
-        return this;
-    }
-}

jetty-core/jetty-websocket/jetty-websocket-core-server/src/main/java/org/eclipse/jetty/websocket/core/server/internal/ServerUpgradeResponseImpl.java

@@ -69,12 +69,19 @@ public class ServerUpgradeResponseImpl extends Response.Wrapper implements Serve
     @Override
     public void addExtensions(List<ExtensionConfig> configs)
     {
-        ArrayList<ExtensionConfig> combinedConfig = new ArrayList<>();
-        combinedConfig.addAll(getExtensions());
+        ArrayList<ExtensionConfig> combinedConfig = new ArrayList<>(getExtensions());
         combinedConfig.addAll(configs);
         setExtensions(combinedConfig);
     }
 
+    @Override
+    public void removeExtensions(List<ExtensionConfig> configs)
+    {
+        ArrayList<ExtensionConfig> trimmedExtensions = new ArrayList<>(getExtensions());
+        trimmedExtensions.removeAll(configs);
+        setExtensions(trimmedExtensions);
+    }
+
     @Override
     public void setExtensions(List<ExtensionConfig> configs)
     {

jetty-core/jetty-websocket/jetty-websocket-core-server/src/main/java/org/eclipse/jetty/websocket/core/server/internal/WebSocketHttpFieldsWrapper.java

@@ -14,75 +14,117 @@
 package org.eclipse.jetty.websocket.core.server.internal;
 
 import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.List;
 
+import org.eclipse.jetty.http.HttpField;
+import org.eclipse.jetty.http.HttpFields;
 import org.eclipse.jetty.http.HttpHeader;
+import org.eclipse.jetty.http.HttpHeaderValue;
 import org.eclipse.jetty.websocket.core.ExtensionConfig;
 import org.eclipse.jetty.websocket.core.server.ServerUpgradeResponse;
 
-public class WebSocketHttpFieldsWrapper extends HttpFieldsWrapper
+public class WebSocketHttpFieldsWrapper extends HttpFields.Mutable.Wrapper
 {
-    private final WebSocketNegotiation _negotiation;
     private final ServerUpgradeResponse _response;
 
     public WebSocketHttpFieldsWrapper(Mutable fields, ServerUpgradeResponse response, WebSocketNegotiation negotiation)
     {
         super(fields);
-        _negotiation = negotiation;
         _response = response;
     }
 
     @Override
-    public boolean onPutField(String name, String value)
+    public HttpField onAddField(HttpField field)
     {
-        if (HttpHeader.SEC_WEBSOCKET_SUBPROTOCOL.is(name))
+        if (field.getHeader() != null)
         {
-            _response.setAcceptedSubProtocol(value);
-            return false;
-        }
+            return switch (field.getHeader())
+            {
+                case SEC_WEBSOCKET_SUBPROTOCOL ->
+                {
+                    _response.setAcceptedSubProtocol(field.getValue());
+                    yield null;
+                }
 
-        if (HttpHeader.SEC_WEBSOCKET_EXTENSIONS.is(name))
-        {
-            _response.setExtensions(ExtensionConfig.parseList(value));
-            return false;
-        }
+                case SEC_WEBSOCKET_EXTENSIONS ->
+                {
+                    _response.addExtensions(ExtensionConfig.parseList(field.getValue()));
+                    yield null;
+                }
 
-        return super.onPutField(name, value);
+                default -> super.onAddField(field);
+            };
+        }
+        return super.onAddField(field);
     }
 
     @Override
-    public boolean onAddField(String name, String value)
+    public boolean onRemoveField(HttpField field)
     {
-        if (HttpHeader.SEC_WEBSOCKET_SUBPROTOCOL.is(name))
+        if (field.getHeader() != null)
         {
-            _response.setAcceptedSubProtocol(value);
-            return false;
-        }
+            return switch (field.getHeader())
+            {
+                case SEC_WEBSOCKET_SUBPROTOCOL ->
+                {
+                    _response.setAcceptedSubProtocol(null);
+                    yield true;
+                }
 
-        if (HttpHeader.SEC_WEBSOCKET_EXTENSIONS.is(name))
-        {
-            _response.addExtensions(ExtensionConfig.parseList(value));
-            return false;
-        }
+                case SEC_WEBSOCKET_EXTENSIONS ->
+                {
+                    _response.removeExtensions(ExtensionConfig.parseList(field.getValue()));
+                    yield true;
+                }
 
-        return super.onAddField(name, value);
+                default -> super.onRemoveField(field);
+            };
+        }
+        return super.onRemoveField(field);
     }
 
     @Override
-    public boolean onRemoveField(String name)
+    public Mutable put(HttpField field)
     {
-        if (HttpHeader.SEC_WEBSOCKET_SUBPROTOCOL.is(name))
-        {
-            _response.setAcceptedSubProtocol(null);
-            return false;
-        }
+        // Need to override put methods as putting extensions clears them, even if field does not exist.
+        if (field.getHeader() == HttpHeader.SEC_WEBSOCKET_EXTENSIONS)
+            _response.setExtensions(Collections.emptyList());
+        return super.put(field);
+    }
 
+    @Override
+    public Mutable put(String name, String value)
+    {
+        // Need to override put methods as putting extensions clears them, even if field does not exist.
         if (HttpHeader.SEC_WEBSOCKET_EXTENSIONS.is(name))
-        {
-            // TODO: why add extensions??
-            _response.addExtensions(Collections.emptyList());
-            return false;
-        }
+            _response.setExtensions(Collections.emptyList());
+        return super.put(name, value);
+    }
 
-        return super.onRemoveField(name);
+    @Override
+    public Mutable put(HttpHeader header, HttpHeaderValue value)
+    {
+        // Need to override put methods as putting extensions clears them, even if field does not exist.
+        if (header == HttpHeader.SEC_WEBSOCKET_EXTENSIONS)
+            _response.setExtensions(Collections.emptyList());
+        return super.put(header, value);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public Mutable put(HttpHeader header, String value)
+    {
+        // Need to override put methods as putting extensions clears them, even if field does not exist.
+        if (header == HttpHeader.SEC_WEBSOCKET_EXTENSIONS)
+            _response.setExtensions(Collections.emptyList());
+        return super.put(header, value);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public Mutable put(String name, List<String> list)
+    {
+        // Need to override put methods as putting extensions clears them, even if field does not exist.
+        if (HttpHeader.SEC_WEBSOCKET_EXTENSIONS.is(name))
+            _response.setExtensions(Collections.emptyList());
+        return super.put(name, list);
     }
 }

jetty-ee10/jetty-ee10-apache-jsp/src/test/java/org/eclipse/jetty/ee10/jsp/TestJettyJspServlet.java

@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ public class TestJettyJspServlet
         _server = new Server();
         _connector = new LocalConnector(_server);
         _server.addConnector(_connector);
-        ServletContextHandler context = new ServletContextHandler(_server, "/context", true, false);
+        ServletContextHandler context = new ServletContextHandler("/context", true, false);
         _server.setHandler(context);
         context.setClassLoader(new URLClassLoader(new URL[0], Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader()));
         ServletHolder jspHolder = context.addServlet(JettyJspServlet.class, "/*");

jetty-ee10/jetty-ee10-demos/jetty-ee10-demo-embedded/src/main/java/org/eclipse/jetty/ee10/demos/Http2Server.java

@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ public class Http2Server
 
         server.addBean(LoggerFactory.getILoggerFactory());
 
-        ServletContextHandler context = new ServletContextHandler(server, "/", ServletContextHandler.SESSIONS);
+        ServletContextHandler context = new ServletContextHandler("/", ServletContextHandler.SESSIONS);
         Path docroot = Paths.get("src/main/resources/docroot");
         if (!Files.exists(docroot))
             throw new FileNotFoundException(docroot.toString());

jetty-ee10/jetty-ee10-demos/jetty-ee10-demo-embedded/src/main/java/org/eclipse/jetty/ee10/demos/ManyServletContexts.java

@@ -38,16 +38,17 @@ public class ManyServletContexts
         server.setHandler(contexts);
 
         // Configure context "/" (root) for servlets
-        ServletContextHandler root = new ServletContextHandler(contexts, "/",
+        ServletContextHandler root = new ServletContextHandler("/",
             ServletContextHandler.SESSIONS);
+        contexts.addHandler(root);
         // Add servlets to root context
         root.addServlet(new ServletHolder(new HelloServlet("Hello")), "/");
         root.addServlet(new ServletHolder(new HelloServlet("Ciao")), "/it/*");
         root.addServlet(new ServletHolder(new HelloServlet("Bonjour")), "/fr/*");
 
         // Configure context "/other" for servlets
-        ServletContextHandler other = new ServletContextHandler(contexts,
-            "/other", ServletContextHandler.SESSIONS);
+        ServletContextHandler other = new ServletContextHandler("/other", ServletContextHandler.SESSIONS);
+        contexts.addHandler(other);
         // Add servlets to /other context
         other.addServlet(DefaultServlet.class.getCanonicalName(), "/");
         other.addServlet(new ServletHolder(new HelloServlet("YO!")), "*.yo");

jetty-ee10/jetty-ee10-demos/jetty-ee10-demo-embedded/src/main/java/org/eclipse/jetty/ee10/demos/ProxyServer.java

@@ -36,8 +36,9 @@ public class ProxyServer
         server.setHandler(proxy);
 
         // Setup proxy servlet
-        ServletContextHandler context = new ServletContextHandler(proxy, "/",
+        ServletContextHandler context = new ServletContextHandler("/",
             ServletContextHandler.SESSIONS);
+        proxy.setHandler(context);
         ServletHolder proxyServlet = new ServletHolder(ProxyServlet.class);
         proxyServlet.setInitParameter("blackList", "www.eclipse.org");
         context.addServlet(proxyServlet, "/*");

jetty-ee10/jetty-ee10-demos/jetty-ee10-demo-jetty-webapp/src/test/java/org/eclipse/jetty/ee10/ChatServletTest.java

@@ -36,7 +36,8 @@ public class ChatServletTest
         server = new Server();
         connector = new LocalConnector(server);
         server.addConnector(connector);
-        ServletContextHandler context = new ServletContextHandler(server, "/");
+        ServletContextHandler context = new ServletContextHandler("/");
+        server.setHandler(context);
         ServletHolder dispatch = context.addServlet(ChatServlet.class, "/chat/*");
         dispatch.setInitParameter("asyncTimeout", "500");
         server.start();

jetty-ee10/jetty-ee10-demos/jetty-ee10-demo-jetty-webapp/src/test/java/org/eclipse/jetty/ee10/DispatchServletTest.java

@@ -44,7 +44,8 @@ public class DispatchServletTest
         server = new Server();
         connector = new LocalConnector(server);
         server.addConnector(connector);
-        context = new ServletContextHandler(server, "/tests");
+        context = new ServletContextHandler("/tests");
+        server.setHandler(context);
         server.start();
     }
 

jetty-ee10/jetty-ee10-fcgi-proxy/src/test/java/org/eclipse/jetty/ee10/fcgi/proxy/TryFilesFilterTest.java

@@ -55,7 +55,8 @@ public class TryFilesFilterTest
         sslConnector = new ServerConnector(server, serverSslContextFactory);
         server.addConnector(sslConnector);
 
-        ServletContextHandler context = new ServletContextHandler(server, "/");
+        ServletContextHandler context = new ServletContextHandler("/");
+        server.setHandler(context);
 
         FilterHolder filterHolder = context.addFilter(TryFilesFilter.class, "/*", EnumSet.of(DispatcherType.REQUEST));
         forwardPath = "/index.php";

jetty-ee10/jetty-ee10-proxy/src/main/java/org/eclipse/jetty/ee10/proxy/ProxyServlet.java

@@ -257,9 +257,9 @@ public class ProxyServlet extends AbstractProxyServlet
         public Content.Chunk read()
         {
             Content.Chunk chunk = super.read();
-            if (chunk instanceof Content.Chunk.Error error)
+            if (Content.Chunk.isFailure(chunk))
             {
-                onClientRequestFailure(request, proxyRequest, response, error.getCause());
+                onClientRequestFailure(request, proxyRequest, response, chunk.getFailure());
             }
             else
             {

jetty-ee10/jetty-ee10-proxy/src/test/java/org/eclipse/jetty/ee10/proxy/AsyncMiddleManServletTest.java

@@ -109,7 +109,8 @@ public class AsyncMiddleManServletTest
         serverConnector = new ServerConnector(server);
         server.addConnector(serverConnector);
 
-        ServletContextHandler appCtx = new ServletContextHandler(server, "/", true, false);
+        ServletContextHandler appCtx = new ServletContextHandler("/", true, false);
+        server.setHandler(appCtx);
         ServletHolder appServletHolder = new ServletHolder(servlet);
         appCtx.addServlet(appServletHolder, "/*");
 
@@ -136,7 +137,8 @@ public class AsyncMiddleManServletTest
         proxyConnector = new ServerConnector(proxy, new HttpConnectionFactory(configuration));
         proxy.addConnector(proxyConnector);
 
-        ServletContextHandler proxyContext = new ServletContextHandler(proxy, "/", true, false);
+        ServletContextHandler proxyContext = new ServletContextHandler("/", true, false);
+        proxy.setHandler(proxyContext);
         this.proxyServlet = proxyServlet;
         ServletHolder proxyServletHolder = new ServletHolder(proxyServlet);
         proxyServletHolder.setInitParameters(initParams);

jetty-ee10/jetty-ee10-proxy/src/test/java/org/eclipse/jetty/ee10/proxy/BalancerServletTest.java

@@ -93,7 +93,8 @@ public class BalancerServletTest
         ServerConnector connector = new ServerConnector(server);
         server.addConnector(connector);
 
-        ServletContextHandler context = new ServletContextHandler(server, CONTEXT_PATH, ServletContextHandler.SESSIONS);
+        ServletContextHandler context = new ServletContextHandler(CONTEXT_PATH, ServletContextHandler.SESSIONS);
+        server.setHandler(context);
         context.addServlet(servletHolder, SERVLET_PATH + "/*");
 
         if (nodeName != null)

jetty-ee10/jetty-ee10-proxy/src/test/java/org/eclipse/jetty/ee10/proxy/ClientAuthProxyTest.java

@@ -177,7 +177,7 @@ public class ClientAuthProxyTest
         proxyConnector = new ServerConnector(proxy, 1, 1, ssl, http);
         proxy.addConnector(proxyConnector);
 
-        ServletContextHandler context = new ServletContextHandler(proxy, "/");
+        ServletContextHandler context = new ServletContextHandler("/");
         context.addServlet(new ServletHolder(servlet), "/*");
         proxy.setHandler(context);
 

jetty-ee10/jetty-ee10-proxy/src/test/java/org/eclipse/jetty/ee10/proxy/ForwardProxyServerTest.java

@@ -109,7 +109,8 @@ public class ForwardProxyServerTest
         connectHandler.setConnectTimeout(1000);
         proxy.setHandler(connectHandler);
 
-        ServletContextHandler proxyHandler = new ServletContextHandler(connectHandler, "/");
+        ServletContextHandler proxyHandler = new ServletContextHandler("/");
+        connectHandler.setHandler(proxyHandler);
         proxyHandler.addServlet(new ServletHolder(proxyServlet), "/*");
 
         proxy.start();

jetty-ee10/jetty-ee10-proxy/src/test/java/org/eclipse/jetty/ee10/proxy/ProxyServer.java

@@ -35,7 +35,8 @@ public class ProxyServer
         server.setHandler(proxy);
 
         // Setup proxy servlet
-        ServletContextHandler context = new ServletContextHandler(proxy, "/", ServletContextHandler.SESSIONS);
+        ServletContextHandler context = new ServletContextHandler("/", ServletContextHandler.SESSIONS);
+        proxy.setHandler(context);
         ServletHolder proxyServlet = new ServletHolder(ProxyServlet.class);
 //        proxyServlet.setInitParameter("whiteList", "google.com, www.eclipse.org, localhost");
 //        proxyServlet.setInitParameter("blackList", "google.com/calendar/*, www.eclipse.org/committers/");

jetty-ee10/jetty-ee10-proxy/src/test/java/org/eclipse/jetty/ee10/proxy/ProxyServletFailureTest.java

@@ -99,7 +99,8 @@ public class ProxyServletFailureTest
         proxy.addConnector(proxyConnector);
         proxyConnector.getConnectionFactory(HttpConnectionFactory.class).getHttpConfiguration().setDelayDispatchUntilContent(false);
 
-        ServletContextHandler proxyCtx = new ServletContextHandler(proxy, "/", true, false);
+        ServletContextHandler proxyCtx = new ServletContextHandler("/", true, false);
+        proxy.setHandler(proxyCtx);
 
         ServletHolder proxyServletHolder = new ServletHolder(proxyServlet);
         proxyServletHolder.setInitParameters(initParams);
@@ -129,7 +130,8 @@ public class ProxyServletFailureTest
         serverConnector = new ServerConnector(server);
         server.addConnector(serverConnector);
 
-        ServletContextHandler appCtx = new ServletContextHandler(server, "/", true, false);
+        ServletContextHandler appCtx = new ServletContextHandler("/", true, false);
+        server.setHandler(appCtx);
         ServletHolder appServletHolder = new ServletHolder(servlet);
         appCtx.addServlet(appServletHolder, "/*");
 

jetty-ee10/jetty-ee10-proxy/src/test/java/org/eclipse/jetty/ee10/proxy/ProxyServletLoadTest.java

@@ -77,7 +77,8 @@ public class ProxyServletLoadTest
         serverConnector = new ServerConnector(server);
         server.addConnector(serverConnector);
 
-        ServletContextHandler appCtx = new ServletContextHandler(server, "/", true, false);
+        ServletContextHandler appCtx = new ServletContextHandler("/", true, false);
+        server.setHandler(appCtx);
         ServletHolder appServletHolder = new ServletHolder(servlet);
         appCtx.addServlet(appServletHolder, "/*");
 
@@ -96,7 +97,8 @@ public class ProxyServletLoadTest
         proxyConnector = new ServerConnector(proxy, new HttpConnectionFactory(configuration));
         proxy.addConnector(proxyConnector);
 
-        ServletContextHandler proxyContext = new ServletContextHandler(proxy, "/", true, false);
+        ServletContextHandler proxyContext = new ServletContextHandler("/", true, false);
+        proxy.setHandler(proxyContext);
         ServletHolder proxyServletHolder = new ServletHolder(proxyServlet);
         proxyContext.addServlet(proxyServletHolder, "/*");
 

jetty-ee10/jetty-ee10-proxy/src/test/java/org/eclipse/jetty/ee10/proxy/ProxyServletTest.java

@@ -152,7 +152,8 @@ public class ProxyServletTest
             new HttpConnectionFactory());
         server.addConnector(tlsServerConnector);
 
-        ServletContextHandler appCtx = new ServletContextHandler(server, "/", true, false);
+        ServletContextHandler appCtx = new ServletContextHandler("/", true, false);
+        server.setHandler(appCtx);
         ServletHolder appServletHolder = new ServletHolder(servlet);
         appCtx.addServlet(appServletHolder, "/*");
 
@@ -184,7 +185,8 @@ public class ProxyServletTest
         proxyConnector = new ServerConnector(proxy, new HttpConnectionFactory(configuration));
         proxy.addConnector(proxyConnector);
 
-        proxyContext = new ServletContextHandler(proxy, "/", true, false);
+        proxyContext = new ServletContextHandler("/", true, false);
+        proxy.setHandler(proxyContext);
         this.proxyServlet = proxyServlet;
         ServletHolder proxyServletHolder = new ServletHolder(proxyServlet);
         proxyServletHolder.setInitParameters(initParams);

jetty-ee10/jetty-ee10-proxy/src/test/java/org/eclipse/jetty/ee10/proxy/ReverseProxyTest.java

@@ -49,7 +49,8 @@ public class ReverseProxyTest
         serverConnector = new ServerConnector(server);
         server.addConnector(serverConnector);
 
-        ServletContextHandler appCtx = new ServletContextHandler(server, "/", true, false);
+        ServletContextHandler appCtx = new ServletContextHandler("/", true, false);
+        server.setHandler(appCtx);
         ServletHolder appServletHolder = new ServletHolder(servlet);
         appCtx.addServlet(appServletHolder, "/*");
 
@@ -66,7 +67,8 @@ public class ReverseProxyTest
         proxyConnector = new ServerConnector(proxy, new HttpConnectionFactory(configuration));
         proxy.addConnector(proxyConnector);
 
-        ServletContextHandler proxyContext = new ServletContextHandler(proxy, "/", true, false);
+        ServletContextHandler proxyContext = new ServletContextHandler("/", true, false);
+        proxy.setHandler(proxyContext);
         ServletHolder proxyServletHolder = new ServletHolder(new AsyncMiddleManServlet()
         {
             @Override

jetty-ee10/jetty-ee10-runner/src/main/java/org/eclipse/jetty/ee10/runner/Runner.java

@@ -358,8 +358,9 @@ public class Runner
                                 statsHandler.setHandler(oldHandler);
                                 _server.setHandler(statsHandler);
 
-                                ServletContextHandler statsContext = new ServletContextHandler(_contexts, "/stats");
+                                ServletContextHandler statsContext = new ServletContextHandler("/stats");
                                 statsContext.setSessionHandler(new SessionHandler());
+                                _contexts.addHandler(statsContext);
                                 if (_statsPropFile != null)
                                 {
                                     ResourceFactory resourceFactory = ResourceFactory.of(statsContext);
@@ -457,10 +458,11 @@ public class Runner
                     else
                     {
                         // assume it is a WAR file
-                        WebAppContext webapp = new WebAppContext(_contexts, ctx.toString(), contextPath);
+                        WebAppContext webapp = new WebAppContext(ctx.toString(), contextPath);
                         webapp.setConfigurationClasses(PLUS_CONFIGURATION_CLASSES);
                         webapp.setAttribute(MetaInfConfiguration.CONTAINER_JAR_PATTERN,
                             CONTAINER_INCLUDE_JAR_PATTERN);
+                        _contexts.addHandler(webapp);
                     }
 
                     //reset

jetty-ee10/jetty-ee10-servlet/src/main/java/org/eclipse/jetty/ee10/servlet/AsyncContentProducer.java

@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
 class AsyncContentProducer implements ContentProducer
 {
     private static final Logger LOG = LoggerFactory.getLogger(AsyncContentProducer.class);
-    private static final Content.Chunk.Error RECYCLED_ERROR_CHUNK = Content.Chunk.from(new StaticException("ContentProducer has been recycled"));
+    private static final Content.Chunk RECYCLED_ERROR_CHUNK = Content.Chunk.from(new StaticException("ContentProducer has been recycled"), true);
 
     final AutoLock _lock;
     private final ServletChannel _servletChannel;
@@ -101,10 +101,10 @@ class AsyncContentProducer implements ContentProducer
     public boolean isError()
     {
         assertLocked();
-        boolean error = _chunk instanceof Content.Chunk.Error;
+        boolean failure = Content.Chunk.isFailure(_chunk);
         if (LOG.isDebugEnabled())
-            LOG.debug("isError = {} {}", error, this);
-        return error;
+            LOG.debug("isFailure = {} {}", failure, this);
+        return failure;
     }
 
     @Override
@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ class AsyncContentProducer implements ContentProducer
                         LOG.debug("checkMinDataRate check failed {}", this);
                     BadMessageException bad = new BadMessageException(HttpStatus.REQUEST_TIMEOUT_408,
                         String.format("Request content data rate < %d B/s", minRequestDataRate));
-                    if (_servletChannel.getState().isResponseCommitted())
+                    if (_servletChannel.getServletRequestState().isResponseCommitted())
                     {
                         if (LOG.isDebugEnabled())
                             LOG.debug("checkMinDataRate aborting channel {}", this);
@@ -180,7 +180,7 @@ class AsyncContentProducer implements ContentProducer
 
     private boolean consumeAvailableChunks()
     {
-        return _servletChannel.getServletContextRequest().consumeAvailable();
+        return _servletChannel.getRequest().consumeAvailable();
     }
 
     @Override
@@ -189,7 +189,7 @@ class AsyncContentProducer implements ContentProducer
         assertLocked();
         if (LOG.isDebugEnabled())
             LOG.debug("onContentProducible {}", this);
-        return _servletChannel.getState().onReadReady();
+        return _servletChannel.getServletRequestState().onReadReady();
     }
 
     @Override
@@ -200,7 +200,7 @@ class AsyncContentProducer implements ContentProducer
         if (LOG.isDebugEnabled())
             LOG.debug("nextChunk = {} {}", chunk, this);
         if (chunk != null)
-            _servletChannel.getState().onReadIdle();
+            _servletChannel.getServletRequestState().onReadIdle();
         return chunk;
     }
 
@@ -227,8 +227,8 @@ class AsyncContentProducer implements ContentProducer
             return true;
         }
 
-        _servletChannel.getState().onReadUnready();
-        _servletChannel.getServletContextRequest().demand(() ->
+        _servletChannel.getServletRequestState().onReadUnready();
+        _servletChannel.getRequest().demand(() ->
         {
             if (_servletChannel.getHttpInput().onContentProducible())
                 _servletChannel.handle();
@@ -241,7 +241,7 @@ class AsyncContentProducer implements ContentProducer
 
     boolean isUnready()
     {
-        return _servletChannel.getState().isInputUnready();
+        return _servletChannel.getServletRequestState().isInputUnready();
     }
 
     private Content.Chunk produceChunk()
@@ -280,7 +280,7 @@ class AsyncContentProducer implements ContentProducer
                 }
                 else
                 {
-                    _servletChannel.getState().onContentAdded();
+                    _servletChannel.getServletRequestState().onContentAdded();
                 }
             }
 
@@ -297,7 +297,7 @@ class AsyncContentProducer implements ContentProducer
 
     private Content.Chunk readChunk()
     {
-        Content.Chunk chunk = _servletChannel.getServletContextRequest().read();
+        Content.Chunk chunk = _servletChannel.getRequest().read();
         if (chunk != null)
         {
             _bytesArrived += chunk.remaining();
@@ -305,7 +305,6 @@ class AsyncContentProducer implements ContentProducer
                 _firstByteNanoTime = NanoTime.now();
             if (LOG.isDebugEnabled())
                 LOG.debug("readChunk() updated _bytesArrived to {} and _firstByteTimeStamp to {} {}", _bytesArrived, _firstByteNanoTime, this);
-            // TODO: notify channel listeners (see ee9)?
             if (chunk instanceof Trailers trailers)
                 _servletChannel.onTrailers(trailers.getTrailers());
         }

jetty-ee10/jetty-ee10-servlet/src/main/java/org/eclipse/jetty/ee10/servlet/AsyncContextState.java

@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ public class AsyncContextState implements AsyncContext
         ServletResponse servletResponse = getResponse();
         ServletChannel servletChannel = _state.getServletChannel();
         HttpServletRequest originalHttpServletRequest = servletChannel.getServletContextRequest().getServletApiRequest();
-        HttpServletResponse originalHttpServletResponse = servletChannel.getResponse().getHttpServletResponse();
+        HttpServletResponse originalHttpServletResponse = servletChannel.getServletContextResponse().getServletApiResponse();
         return (servletRequest == originalHttpServletRequest && servletResponse == originalHttpServletResponse);
     }
 

jetty-ee10/jetty-ee10-servlet/src/main/java/org/eclipse/jetty/ee10/servlet/DebugListener.java

@@ -162,18 +162,16 @@ public class DebugListener extends AbstractLifeCycle implements ServletContextLi
         return n;
     }
 
-    protected String findRequestName(ServletRequest request)
+    protected String findRequestName(ServletContextRequest request)
     {
         if (request == null)
             return null;
-        HttpServletRequest r = (HttpServletRequest)request;
-        String n = (String)request.getAttribute(_attr);
-        if (n == null)
-        {
-            n = String.format("%s@%x", r.getRequestURI(), request.hashCode());
-            request.setAttribute(_attr, n);
-        }
-        return n;
+        return request.getId();
+    }
+
+    protected String findRequestName(ServletRequest request)
+    {
+        return findRequestName(ServletContextRequest.getServletContextRequest(request));
     }
 
     protected void log(String format, Object... arg)
@@ -225,7 +223,7 @@ public class DebugListener extends AbstractLifeCycle implements ServletContextLi
             String rname = findRequestName(ace.getAsyncContext().getRequest());
 
             ServletContextRequest request = ServletContextRequest.getServletContextRequest(ace.getAsyncContext().getRequest());
-            Response response = request.getResponse();
+            Response response = request.getServletContextResponse();
             String headers = _showHeaders ? ("\n" + response.getHeaders().toString()) : "";
 
             log("!  ctx=%s r=%s onComplete %s %d%s", cname, rname, ace.getServletRequestState(), response.getStatus(), headers);
@@ -280,8 +278,8 @@ public class DebugListener extends AbstractLifeCycle implements ServletContextLi
             else
             {
                 ServletContextRequest request = ServletContextRequest.getServletContextRequest(r);
-                String headers = _showHeaders ? ("\n" + request.getResponse().getHeaders().toString()) : "";
-                log("<< %s ctx=%s r=%s async=false %d%s", d, cname, rname, request.getResponse().getStatus(), headers);
+                String headers = _showHeaders ? ("\n" + request.getServletContextResponse().getHeaders().toString()) : "";
+                log("<< %s ctx=%s r=%s async=false %d%s", d, cname, rname, request.getServletContextResponse().getStatus(), headers);
             }
         }
     };
@@ -296,7 +294,7 @@ public class DebugListener extends AbstractLifeCycle implements ServletContextLi
                 log(">  ctx=%s", cname);
             else
             {
-                String rname = findRequestName(request.getServletApiRequest());
+                String rname = findRequestName(request);
 
                 if (_renameThread)
                 {
@@ -316,7 +314,7 @@ public class DebugListener extends AbstractLifeCycle implements ServletContextLi
                 log("<  ctx=%s", cname);
             else
             {
-                String rname = findRequestName(request.getServletApiRequest());
+                String rname = findRequestName(request);
 
                 log("<  ctx=%s r=%s", cname, rname);
                 if (_renameThread)

jetty-ee10/jetty-ee10-servlet/src/main/java/org/eclipse/jetty/ee10/servlet/DefaultServlet.java

@@ -458,7 +458,7 @@ public class DefaultServlet extends HttpServlet
         else if (isPathInfoOnly())
             encodedPathInContext = URIUtil.encodePath(req.getPathInfo());
         else if (req instanceof ServletApiRequest apiRequest)
-            encodedPathInContext = Context.getPathInContext(req.getContextPath(), apiRequest.getServletContextRequest().getHttpURI().getCanonicalPath());
+            encodedPathInContext = Context.getPathInContext(req.getContextPath(), apiRequest.getRequest().getHttpURI().getCanonicalPath());
         else
             encodedPathInContext = Context.getPathInContext(req.getContextPath(), URIUtil.canonicalPath(req.getRequestURI()));
 
@@ -878,12 +878,7 @@ public class DefaultServlet extends HttpServlet
 
         public ServletContextResponse getServletContextResponse()
         {
-            if (_response instanceof ServletApiResponse)
-            {
-                ServletApiResponse apiResponse = (ServletApiResponse)_response;
-                return apiResponse.getResponse();
-            }
-            return null;
+            return ServletContextResponse.getServletContextResponse(_response);
         }
 
         @Override
@@ -1003,6 +998,12 @@ public class DefaultServlet extends HttpServlet
         {
             return null;
         }
+
+        @Override
+        public String toString()
+        {
+            return "%s@%x{%s,%s}".formatted(this.getClass().getSimpleName(), hashCode(), this._coreRequest, _response);
+        }
     }
 
     private class ServletResourceService extends ResourceService implements ResourceService.WelcomeFactory
@@ -1015,23 +1016,14 @@ public class DefaultServlet extends HttpServlet
         }
 
         @Override
-        public String getWelcomeTarget(Request coreRequest)
+        public String getWelcomeTarget(HttpContent content, Request coreRequest)
         {
             String[] welcomes = _servletContextHandler.getWelcomeFiles();
             if (welcomes == null)
                 return null;
-
-            HttpServletRequest request = getServletRequest(coreRequest);
             String pathInContext = Request.getPathInContext(coreRequest);
-            String includedServletPath = (String)request.getAttribute(RequestDispatcher.INCLUDE_SERVLET_PATH);
-            String requestTarget;
-            if (includedServletPath != null)
-                requestTarget = getIncludedPathInContext(request, includedServletPath, isPathInfoOnly());
-            else
-                requestTarget = isPathInfoOnly() ? request.getPathInfo() : pathInContext;
-
             String welcomeTarget = null;
-            Resource base = _baseResource.resolve(requestTarget);
+            Resource base = content.getResource();
             if (Resources.isReadableDirectory(base))
             {
                 for (String welcome : welcomes)
@@ -1040,13 +1032,16 @@ public class DefaultServlet extends HttpServlet
 
                     // If the welcome resource is a file, it has
                     // precedence over resources served by Servlets.
-                    Resource welcomePath = base.resolve(welcome);
+                    Resource welcomePath = content.getResource().resolve(welcome);
                     if (Resources.isReadableFile(welcomePath))
                         return welcomeInContext;
 
                     // Check whether a Servlet may serve the welcome resource.
                     if (_welcomeServletMode != WelcomeServletMode.NONE && welcomeTarget == null)
                     {
+                        if (isPathInfoOnly() && !isIncluded(getServletRequest(coreRequest)))
+                            welcomeTarget = URIUtil.addPaths(getServletRequest(coreRequest).getPathInfo(), welcome);
+
                         ServletHandler.MappedServlet entry = _servletContextHandler.getServletHandler().getMappedServlet(welcomeInContext);
                         // Is there a different Servlet that may serve the welcome resource?
                         if (entry != null && entry.getServletHolder().getServletInstance() != DefaultServlet.this)

jetty-ee10/jetty-ee10-servlet/src/main/java/org/eclipse/jetty/ee10/servlet/Dispatcher.java

@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ public class Dispatcher implements RequestDispatcher
         HttpServletResponse httpResponse = (response instanceof HttpServletResponse) ? (HttpServletResponse)response : new ServletResponseHttpWrapper(response);
 
         ServletContextRequest servletContextRequest = ServletContextRequest.getServletContextRequest(request);
-        servletContextRequest.getResponse().resetForForward();
+        servletContextRequest.getServletContextResponse().resetForForward();
         _mappedServlet.handle(_servletHandler, _decodedPathInContext, new ForwardRequest(httpRequest), httpResponse);
 
         // If we are not async and not closed already, then close via the possibly wrapped response.

jetty-ee10/jetty-ee10-servlet/src/main/java/org/eclipse/jetty/ee10/servlet/ErrorHandler.java

@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ public class ErrorHandler implements Request.Handler
         ServletContextRequest servletContextRequest = Request.as(request, ServletContextRequest.class);
         HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest = servletContextRequest.getServletApiRequest();
         HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse = servletContextRequest.getHttpServletResponse();
-        ServletContextHandler contextHandler = servletContextRequest.getContext().getServletContextHandler();
+        ServletContextHandler contextHandler = servletContextRequest.getServletContext().getServletContextHandler();
         String cacheControl = getCacheControl();
         if (cacheControl != null)
             response.getHeaders().put(HttpHeader.CACHE_CONTROL.asString(), cacheControl);
@@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ public class ErrorHandler implements Request.Handler
             for (String mimeType : acceptable)
             {
                 generateAcceptableResponse(baseRequest, request, response, code, message, mimeType);
-                if (response.isCommitted() || baseRequest.getResponse().isWritingOrStreaming())
+                if (response.isCommitted() || baseRequest.getServletContextResponse().isWritingOrStreaming())
                     break;
             }
         }
@@ -300,7 +300,7 @@ public class ErrorHandler implements Request.Handler
                 // TODO error page may cause a BufferOverflow.  In which case we try
                 // TODO again with stacks disabled. If it still overflows, it is
                 // TODO written without a body.
-                ByteBuffer buffer = baseRequest.getResponse().getHttpOutput().getByteBuffer();
+                ByteBuffer buffer = baseRequest.getServletContextResponse().getHttpOutput().getByteBuffer();
                 ByteBufferOutputStream out = new ByteBufferOutputStream(buffer);
                 PrintWriter writer = new PrintWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(out, charset));
 
@@ -334,7 +334,7 @@ public class ErrorHandler implements Request.Handler
                     LOG.warn("Error page too large: {} {} {}", code, message, request, e);
                 else
                     LOG.warn("Error page too large: {} {} {}", code, message, request);
-                baseRequest.getResponse().resetContent();
+                baseRequest.getServletContextResponse().resetContent();
                 if (!_disableStacks)
                 {
                     LOG.info("Disabling showsStacks for {}", this);
@@ -395,7 +395,7 @@ public class ErrorHandler implements Request.Handler
         if (showStacks && !_disableStacks)
             writeErrorPageStacks(request, writer);
 
-        ((ServletApiRequest)request).getServletContextRequest().getServletChannel().getHttpConfiguration()
+        ((ServletApiRequest)request).getServletRequestInfo().getServletChannel().getHttpConfiguration()
             .writePoweredBy(writer, "<hr/>", "<hr/>\n");
     }
 

jetty-ee10/jetty-ee10-servlet/src/main/java/org/eclipse/jetty/ee10/servlet/HttpInput.java

@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ public class HttpInput extends ServletInputStream implements Runnable
     public HttpInput(ServletChannel channel)
     {
         _servletChannel = channel;
-        _channelState = _servletChannel.getState();
+        _channelState = _servletChannel.getServletRequestState();
         _asyncContentProducer = new AsyncContentProducer(_servletChannel, _lock);
         _blockingContentProducer = new BlockingContentProducer(_asyncContentProducer);
         _contentProducer = _blockingContentProducer;
@@ -255,14 +255,14 @@ public class HttpInput extends ServletInputStream implements Runnable
                 return read;
             }
 
-            if (chunk instanceof Content.Chunk.Error errorChunk)
+            if (Content.Chunk.isFailure(chunk))
             {
-                Throwable error = errorChunk.getCause();
+                Throwable failure = chunk.getFailure();
                 if (LOG.isDebugEnabled())
-                    LOG.debug("read error={} {}", error, this);
-                if (error instanceof IOException)
-                    throw (IOException)error;
-                throw new IOException(error);
+                    LOG.debug("read failure={} {}", failure, this);
+                if (failure instanceof IOException)
+                    throw (IOException)failure;
+                throw new IOException(failure);
             }
 
             if (LOG.isDebugEnabled())
@@ -343,14 +343,14 @@ public class HttpInput extends ServletInputStream implements Runnable
             return;
         }
 
-        if (chunk instanceof Content.Chunk.Error errorChunk)
+        if (Content.Chunk.isFailure(chunk))
         {
-            Throwable error = errorChunk.getCause();
+            Throwable failure = chunk.getFailure();
             if (LOG.isDebugEnabled())
-                LOG.debug("running error={} {}", error, this);
+                LOG.debug("running failure={} {}", failure, this);
             // TODO is this necessary to add here?
-            _servletChannel.getResponse().getHeaders().add(HttpFields.CONNECTION_CLOSE);
-            _readListener.onError(error);
+            _servletChannel.getServletContextResponse().getHeaders().add(HttpFields.CONNECTION_CLOSE);
+            _readListener.onError(failure);
         }
         else if (chunk.isLast() && !chunk.hasRemaining())
         {

jetty-ee10/jetty-ee10-servlet/src/main/java/org/eclipse/jetty/ee10/servlet/HttpOutput.java

@@ -35,17 +35,14 @@ import org.eclipse.jetty.io.ByteBufferPool;
 import org.eclipse.jetty.io.Content;
 import org.eclipse.jetty.io.EofException;
 import org.eclipse.jetty.io.RetainableByteBuffer;
-import org.eclipse.jetty.server.ConnectionMetaData;
 import org.eclipse.jetty.server.HttpConfiguration;
-import org.eclipse.jetty.server.Response;
+import org.eclipse.jetty.util.Blocker;
 import org.eclipse.jetty.util.BufferUtil;
 import org.eclipse.jetty.util.Callback;
 import org.eclipse.jetty.util.ExceptionUtil;
 import org.eclipse.jetty.util.IO;
 import org.eclipse.jetty.util.IteratingCallback;
 import org.eclipse.jetty.util.NanoTime;
-import org.eclipse.jetty.util.SharedBlockingCallback;
-import org.eclipse.jetty.util.SharedBlockingCallback.Blocker;
 import org.eclipse.jetty.util.thread.AutoLock;
 import org.slf4j.Logger;
 import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
@@ -127,12 +124,9 @@ public class HttpOutput extends ServletOutputStream implements Runnable
     private static final Logger LOG = LoggerFactory.getLogger(HttpOutput.class);
     private static final ThreadLocal<CharsetEncoder> _encoder = new ThreadLocal<>();
 
-    private final ConnectionMetaData _connectionMetaData;
     private final ServletChannel _servletChannel;
-    private final Response _response;
-    private final ByteBufferPool _bufferPool;
     private final ServletRequestState _channelState;
-    private final SharedBlockingCallback _writeBlocker;
+    private final Blocker.Shared _writeBlocker;
     private ApiState _apiState = ApiState.BLOCKING;
     private State _state = State.OPEN;
     private boolean _softClose = false;
@@ -146,15 +140,11 @@ public class HttpOutput extends ServletOutputStream implements Runnable
     private volatile Throwable _onError;
     private Callback _closedCallback;
 
-    public HttpOutput(Response response, ServletChannel channel)
+    public HttpOutput(ServletChannel channel)
     {
-        _response = response;
         _servletChannel = channel;
-        _connectionMetaData = _response.getRequest().getConnectionMetaData();
-        _bufferPool = _response.getRequest().getComponents().getByteBufferPool();
-
-        _channelState = _servletChannel.getState();
-        _writeBlocker = new WriteBlocker(_servletChannel);
+        _channelState = _servletChannel.getServletRequestState();
+        _writeBlocker = new Blocker.Shared();
         HttpConfiguration config = _servletChannel.getHttpConfiguration();
         _bufferSize = config.getOutputBufferSize();
         _commitSize = config.getOutputAggregationSize();
@@ -164,11 +154,6 @@ public class HttpOutput extends ServletOutputStream implements Runnable
             _commitSize = _bufferSize;
         }
     }
-
-    public Response getResponse()
-    {
-        return _response;
-    }
     
     public boolean isWritten()
     {
@@ -188,14 +173,9 @@ public class HttpOutput extends ServletOutputStream implements Runnable
         }
     }
 
-    protected Blocker acquireWriteBlockingCallback() throws IOException
-    {
-        return _writeBlocker.acquire();
-    }
-
     private void channelWrite(ByteBuffer content, boolean complete) throws IOException
     {
-        try (Blocker blocker = _writeBlocker.acquire())
+        try (Blocker.Callback blocker = _writeBlocker.callback())
         {
             channelWrite(content, complete, blocker);
             blocker.block();
@@ -206,13 +186,13 @@ public class HttpOutput extends ServletOutputStream implements Runnable
     {
         if (_firstByteNanoTime == -1)
         {
-            long minDataRate = _connectionMetaData.getHttpConfiguration().getMinResponseDataRate();
+            long minDataRate = _servletChannel.getConnectionMetaData().getHttpConfiguration().getMinResponseDataRate();
             if (minDataRate > 0)
                 _firstByteNanoTime = NanoTime.now();
             else
                 _firstByteNanoTime = Long.MAX_VALUE;
         }
-        _response.write(last, content, callback);
+        _servletChannel.getResponse().write(last, content, callback);
     }
 
     private void onWriteComplete(boolean last, Throwable failure)
@@ -353,7 +333,7 @@ public class HttpOutput extends ServletOutputStream implements Runnable
 
                 case PENDING: // an async write is pending and may complete at any time
                     // If this is not the last write, then we must abort
-                    if (!_servletChannel.getResponse().isContentComplete(_written))
+                    if (_servletChannel.getServletContextResponse().isContentIncomplete(_written))
                         error = new CancellationException("Completed whilst write pending");
                     break;
 
@@ -369,7 +349,6 @@ public class HttpOutput extends ServletOutputStream implements Runnable
             if (error != null)
             {
                 _servletChannel.abort(error);
-                _writeBlocker.fail(error);
                 _state = State.CLOSED;
             }
             else
@@ -463,7 +442,7 @@ public class HttpOutput extends ServletOutputStream implements Runnable
     public void close() throws IOException
     {
         ByteBuffer content = null;
-        Blocker blocker = null;
+        Blocker.Callback blocker = null;
         try (AutoLock l = _channelState.lock())
         {
             if (_onError != null)
@@ -489,7 +468,7 @@ public class HttpOutput extends ServletOutputStream implements Runnable
                         case BLOCKING:
                         case BLOCKED:
                             // block until CLOSED state reached.
-                            blocker = _writeBlocker.acquire();
+                            blocker = _writeBlocker.callback();
                             _closedCallback = Callback.combine(_closedCallback, blocker);
                             break;
 
@@ -506,7 +485,7 @@ public class HttpOutput extends ServletOutputStream implements Runnable
                             // Output is idle blocking state, but we still do an async close
                             _apiState = ApiState.BLOCKED;
                             _state = State.CLOSING;
-                            blocker = _writeBlocker.acquire();
+                            blocker = _writeBlocker.callback();
                             content = _aggregate != null && _aggregate.hasRemaining() ? _aggregate.getByteBuffer() : BufferUtil.EMPTY_BUFFER;
                             break;
 
@@ -516,7 +495,7 @@ public class HttpOutput extends ServletOutputStream implements Runnable
                             // then trigger a close from onWriteComplete
                             _state = State.CLOSE;
                             // and block until it is complete
-                            blocker = _writeBlocker.acquire();
+                            blocker = _writeBlocker.callback();
                             _closedCallback = Callback.combine(_closedCallback, blocker);
                             break;
 
@@ -550,9 +529,9 @@ public class HttpOutput extends ServletOutputStream implements Runnable
                 return;
 
             // Just wait for some other close to finish.
-            try (Blocker b = blocker)
+            try (Blocker.Callback cb = blocker)
             {
-                b.block();
+                cb.block();
             }
         }
         else
@@ -565,7 +544,7 @@ public class HttpOutput extends ServletOutputStream implements Runnable
             else
             {
                 // Do a blocking close
-                try (Blocker b = blocker)
+                try (Blocker.Callback b = blocker)
                 {
                     channelWrite(content, true, blocker);
                     b.block();
@@ -590,9 +569,10 @@ public class HttpOutput extends ServletOutputStream implements Runnable
 
     private RetainableByteBuffer acquireBuffer()
     {
-        boolean useOutputDirectByteBuffers = _connectionMetaData.getHttpConfiguration().isUseOutputDirectByteBuffers();
+        boolean useOutputDirectByteBuffers = _servletChannel.getConnectionMetaData().getHttpConfiguration().isUseOutputDirectByteBuffers();
+        ByteBufferPool pool = _servletChannel.getRequest().getComponents().getByteBufferPool();
         if (_aggregate == null)
-            _aggregate = _bufferPool.acquire(getBufferSize(), useOutputDirectByteBuffers);
+            _aggregate = pool.acquire(getBufferSize(), useOutputDirectByteBuffers);
         return _aggregate;
     }
 
@@ -724,7 +704,7 @@ public class HttpOutput extends ServletOutputStream implements Runnable
             checkWritable();
             long written = _written + len;
             int space = maximizeAggregateSpace();
-            last = _servletChannel.getResponse().isAllContentWritten(written);
+            last = _servletChannel.getServletContextResponse().isAllContentWritten(written);
             // Write will be aggregated if:
             //  + it is smaller than the commitSize
             //  + is not the last one, or is last but will fit in an already allocated aggregate buffer.
@@ -858,7 +838,7 @@ public class HttpOutput extends ServletOutputStream implements Runnable
         {
             checkWritable();
             long written = _written + len;
-            last = _servletChannel.getResponse().isAllContentWritten(written);
+            last = _servletChannel.getServletContextResponse().isAllContentWritten(written);
             flush = last || len > 0 || (_aggregate != null && _aggregate.hasRemaining());
 
             if (last && _state == State.OPEN)
@@ -938,7 +918,7 @@ public class HttpOutput extends ServletOutputStream implements Runnable
             checkWritable();
             long written = _written + 1;
             int space = maximizeAggregateSpace();
-            last = _servletChannel.getResponse().isAllContentWritten(written);
+            last = _servletChannel.getServletContextResponse().isAllContentWritten(written);
             flush = last || space == 1;
 
             if (last && _state == State.OPEN)
@@ -1012,7 +992,7 @@ public class HttpOutput extends ServletOutputStream implements Runnable
 
         s = String.valueOf(s);
 
-        String charset = _servletChannel.getResponse().getCharacterEncoding(false);
+        String charset = _servletChannel.getServletContextResponse().getCharacterEncoding(false);
         CharsetEncoder encoder = _encoder.get();
         if (encoder == null || !encoder.charset().name().equalsIgnoreCase(charset))
         {
@@ -1025,8 +1005,8 @@ public class HttpOutput extends ServletOutputStream implements Runnable
         {
             encoder.reset();
         }
-
-        RetainableByteBuffer out = _bufferPool.acquire((int)(1 + (s.length() + 2) * encoder.averageBytesPerChar()), false);
+        ByteBufferPool pool = _servletChannel.getRequest().getComponents().getByteBufferPool();
+        RetainableByteBuffer out = pool.acquire((int)(1 + (s.length() + 2) * encoder.averageBytesPerChar()), false);
         try
         {
             CharBuffer in = CharBuffer.wrap(s);
@@ -1062,7 +1042,7 @@ public class HttpOutput extends ServletOutputStream implements Runnable
                 if (result.isOverflow())
                 {
                     BufferUtil.flipToFlush(byteBuffer, 0);
-                    RetainableByteBuffer bigger = _bufferPool.acquire(out.capacity() + s.length() + 2, out.isDirect());
+                    RetainableByteBuffer bigger = pool.acquire(out.capacity() + s.length() + 2, out.isDirect());
                     BufferUtil.flipToFill(bigger.getByteBuffer());
                     bigger.getByteBuffer().put(byteBuffer);
                     out.release();
@@ -1107,7 +1087,7 @@ public class HttpOutput extends ServletOutputStream implements Runnable
      */
     public void sendContent(InputStream in) throws IOException
     {
-        try (Blocker blocker = _writeBlocker.acquire())
+        try (Blocker.Callback blocker = _writeBlocker.callback())
         {
             new InputStreamWritingCB(in, blocker).iterate();
             blocker.block();
@@ -1122,7 +1102,7 @@ public class HttpOutput extends ServletOutputStream implements Runnable
      */
     public void sendContent(ReadableByteChannel in) throws IOException
     {
-        try (Blocker blocker = _writeBlocker.acquire())
+        try (Blocker.Callback blocker = _writeBlocker.callback())
         {
             new ReadableByteChannelWritingCB(in, blocker).iterate();
             blocker.block();
@@ -1256,7 +1236,7 @@ public class HttpOutput extends ServletOutputStream implements Runnable
     {
         if (_firstByteNanoTime == -1 || _firstByteNanoTime == Long.MAX_VALUE)
             return;
-        long minDataRate = _connectionMetaData.getHttpConfiguration().getMinResponseDataRate();
+        long minDataRate = _servletChannel.getConnectionMetaData().getHttpConfiguration().getMinResponseDataRate();
         _flushed += bytes;
         long minFlushed = minDataRate * NanoTime.millisSince(_firstByteNanoTime) / TimeUnit.SECONDS.toMillis(1);
         if (LOG.isDebugEnabled())
@@ -1276,7 +1256,7 @@ public class HttpOutput extends ServletOutputStream implements Runnable
             _state = State.OPEN;
             _apiState = ApiState.BLOCKING;
             _softClose = true; // Stay closed until next request
-            HttpConfiguration config = _connectionMetaData.getHttpConfiguration();
+            HttpConfiguration config = _servletChannel.getConnectionMetaData().getHttpConfiguration();
             _bufferSize = config.getOutputBufferSize();
             _commitSize = config.getOutputAggregationSize();
             if (_commitSize > _bufferSize)
@@ -1304,7 +1284,7 @@ public class HttpOutput extends ServletOutputStream implements Runnable
     @Override
     public void setWriteListener(WriteListener writeListener)
     {
-        if (!_servletChannel.getState().isAsync())
+        if (!_servletChannel.getServletRequestState().isAsync())
             throw new IllegalStateException("!ASYNC: " + stateString());
         boolean wake;
         try (AutoLock l = _channelState.lock())
@@ -1313,7 +1293,7 @@ public class HttpOutput extends ServletOutputStream implements Runnable
                 throw new IllegalStateException("!OPEN" + stateString());
             _apiState = ApiState.READY;
             _writeListener = writeListener;
-            wake = _servletChannel.getState().onWritePossible();
+            wake = _servletChannel.getServletRequestState().onWritePossible();
         }
         if (wake)
             _servletChannel.execute(_servletChannel::handle);
@@ -1626,7 +1606,8 @@ public class HttpOutput extends ServletOutputStream implements Runnable
             super(callback, true);
             _in = in;
             // Reading from InputStream requires byte[], don't use direct buffers.
-            _buffer = _bufferPool.acquire(getBufferSize(), false);
+            ByteBufferPool pool = _servletChannel.getRequest().getComponents().getByteBufferPool();
+            _buffer = pool.acquire(getBufferSize(), false);
         }
 
         @Override
@@ -1701,8 +1682,9 @@ public class HttpOutput extends ServletOutputStream implements Runnable
         {
             super(callback, true);
             _in = in;
-            boolean useOutputDirectByteBuffers = _connectionMetaData.getHttpConfiguration().isUseOutputDirectByteBuffers();
-            _buffer = _bufferPool.acquire(getBufferSize(), useOutputDirectByteBuffers);
+            boolean useOutputDirectByteBuffers = _servletChannel.getConnectionMetaData().getHttpConfiguration().isUseOutputDirectByteBuffers();
+            ByteBufferPool pool = _servletChannel.getRequest().getComponents().getByteBufferPool();
+            _buffer = pool.acquire(getBufferSize(), useOutputDirectByteBuffers);
         }
 
         @Override
@@ -1753,16 +1735,6 @@ public class HttpOutput extends ServletOutputStream implements Runnable
         }
     }
 
-    private static class WriteBlocker extends SharedBlockingCallback
-    {
-        private final ServletChannel _channel;
-
-        private WriteBlocker(ServletChannel channel)
-        {
-            _channel = channel;
-        }
-    }
-
     private class WriteCompleteCB implements Callback
     {
         @Override

jetty-ee10/jetty-ee10-servlet/src/main/java/org/eclipse/jetty/ee10/servlet/PushBuilderImpl.java

@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ class PushBuilderImpl implements PushBuilder
         }
 
         if (!pushPath.startsWith("/"))
-            pushPath = URIUtil.addPaths(_request.getContext().getContextPath(), pushPath);
+            pushPath = URIUtil.addPaths(_request.getServletContext().getContextPath(), pushPath);
 
         String pushParam = null;
         if (_sessionId != null)

jetty-ee10/jetty-ee10-servlet/src/main/java/org/eclipse/jetty/ee10/servlet/ServletApiRequest.java

@@ -56,6 +56,7 @@ import jakarta.servlet.http.HttpSession;
 import jakarta.servlet.http.HttpUpgradeHandler;
 import jakarta.servlet.http.Part;
 import jakarta.servlet.http.PushBuilder;
+import org.eclipse.jetty.ee10.servlet.ServletContextHandler.ServletRequestInfo;
 import org.eclipse.jetty.http.BadMessageException;
 import org.eclipse.jetty.http.CookieCache;
 import org.eclipse.jetty.http.CookieCompliance;
@@ -77,9 +78,11 @@ import org.eclipse.jetty.server.ConnectionMetaData;
 import org.eclipse.jetty.server.FormFields;
 import org.eclipse.jetty.server.HttpCookieUtils;
 import org.eclipse.jetty.server.Request;
+import org.eclipse.jetty.server.Response;
 import org.eclipse.jetty.server.Session;
 import org.eclipse.jetty.session.AbstractSessionManager;
 import org.eclipse.jetty.session.ManagedSession;
+import org.eclipse.jetty.util.Callback;
 import org.eclipse.jetty.util.Fields;
 import org.eclipse.jetty.util.HostPort;
 import org.eclipse.jetty.util.IO;
@@ -89,16 +92,15 @@ import org.slf4j.Logger;
 import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
 
 /**
- * The Jetty low level implementation of the ee10 {@link HttpServletRequest} object.
- *
- * <p>
- *     This provides the bridges from Servlet {@link HttpServletRequest} to the Jetty Core {@link Request} concepts (provided by the {@link ServletContextRequest})
- * </p>
+ * The Jetty implementation of the ee10 {@link HttpServletRequest} object.
+ * This provides the bridge from Servlet {@link HttpServletRequest} to the Jetty Core {@link Request}
+ * via the {@link ServletContextRequest}.
  */
 public class ServletApiRequest implements HttpServletRequest
 {
     private static final Logger LOG = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ServletApiRequest.class);
-    private final ServletContextRequest _request;
+    private final ServletContextRequest _servletContextRequest;
+    private final ServletChannel _servletChannel;
     //TODO review which fields should be in ServletContextRequest
     private AsyncContextState _async;
     private String _characterEncoding;
@@ -110,30 +112,18 @@ public class ServletApiRequest implements HttpServletRequest
     private Fields _contentParameters;
     private Fields _parameters;
     private Fields _queryParameters;
-    private String _method;
     private ServletMultiPartFormData.Parts _parts;
     private boolean _asyncSupported = true;
 
     protected ServletApiRequest(ServletContextRequest servletContextRequest)
     {
-        _request = servletContextRequest;
-    }
-
-    public Fields getQueryParams()
-    {
-        extractQueryParameters();
-        return _queryParameters;
-    }
-
-    public Fields getContentParams()
-    {
-        extractContentParameters();
-        return _contentParameters;
+        _servletContextRequest = servletContextRequest;
+        _servletChannel = _servletContextRequest.getServletChannel();
     }
 
     public AuthenticationState getAuthentication()
     {
-        return AuthenticationState.getAuthenticationState(getServletContextRequest());
+        return AuthenticationState.getAuthenticationState(getRequest());
     }
 
     private AuthenticationState getUndeferredAuthentication()
@@ -141,11 +131,11 @@ public class ServletApiRequest implements HttpServletRequest
         AuthenticationState authenticationState = getAuthentication();
         if (authenticationState instanceof AuthenticationState.Deferred deferred)
         {
-            AuthenticationState undeferred = deferred.authenticate(getServletContextRequest());
+            AuthenticationState undeferred = deferred.authenticate(getRequest());
             if (undeferred != null && undeferred != authenticationState)
             {
                 authenticationState = undeferred;
-                AuthenticationState.setAuthenticationState(getServletContextRequest(), authenticationState);
+                AuthenticationState.setAuthenticationState(getRequest(), authenticationState);
             }
         }
         return authenticationState;
@@ -154,45 +144,55 @@ public class ServletApiRequest implements HttpServletRequest
     @Override
     public String getMethod()
     {
-        if (_method == null)
-            return getServletContextRequest().getMethod();
-        else
-            return _method;
+        return getRequest().getMethod();
     }
 
-    //TODO shouldn't really be public?
-    public void setMethod(String method)
+    /**
+     * @return The {@link ServletRequestInfo} view of the {@link ServletContextRequest} as wrapped
+     * by the {@link ServletContextHandler}.
+     * @see #getRequest()
+     */
+    public ServletRequestInfo getServletRequestInfo()
     {
-        _method = method;
+        return _servletContextRequest;
     }
 
-    public ServletContextRequest getServletContextRequest()
+    /**
+     * @return The core {@link Request} associated with the servlet API request. This may differ
+     *         from {@link ServletContextRequest} as wrapped by the {@link ServletContextHandler} as it
+     *         may have been further wrapped before being passed
+     *         to {@link ServletChannel#associate(Request, Response, Callback)}.
+     * @see #getServletRequestInfo()
+     * @see ServletChannel#associate(Request, Response, Callback)
+     */
+    public Request getRequest()
     {
-        return _request;
+        ServletChannel servletChannel = _servletChannel;
+        return servletChannel == null ? _servletContextRequest : servletChannel.getRequest();
     }
 
     public HttpFields getFields()
     {
-        return _request.getHeaders();
+        return getRequest().getHeaders();
     }
 
     @Override
     public String getRequestId()
     {
-        return _request.getConnectionMetaData().getId() + "#" + _request.getId();
+        return getRequest().getConnectionMetaData().getId() + "#" + getRequest().getId();
     }
 
     @Override
     public String getProtocolRequestId()
     {
-        return _request.getId();
+        return getRequest().getId();
     }
 
     @Override
     public ServletConnection getServletConnection()
     {
         // TODO cache the results
-        final ConnectionMetaData connectionMetaData = _request.getConnectionMetaData();
+        final ConnectionMetaData connectionMetaData = getRequest().getConnectionMetaData();
         return new ServletConnection()
         {
             @Override
@@ -236,15 +236,15 @@ public class ServletApiRequest implements HttpServletRequest
     @Override
     public Cookie[] getCookies()
     {
-        List<HttpCookie> httpCookies = Request.getCookies(getServletContextRequest());
+        List<HttpCookie> httpCookies = Request.getCookies(getRequest());
         if (httpCookies.isEmpty())
             return null;
         if (httpCookies instanceof ServletCookieList servletCookieList)
             return servletCookieList.getServletCookies();
 
-        ServletCookieList servletCookieList = new ServletCookieList(httpCookies, getServletContextRequest().getConnectionMetaData().getHttpConfiguration().getRequestCookieCompliance());
-        _request.setAttribute(Request.COOKIE_ATTRIBUTE, servletCookieList);
-        if (_request.getComponents().getCache().getAttribute(Request.CACHE_ATTRIBUTE) instanceof CookieCache cookieCache)
+        ServletCookieList servletCookieList = new ServletCookieList(httpCookies, getRequest().getConnectionMetaData().getHttpConfiguration().getRequestCookieCompliance());
+        getRequest().setAttribute(Request.COOKIE_ATTRIBUTE, servletCookieList);
+        if (getRequest().getComponents().getCache().getAttribute(Request.CACHE_ATTRIBUTE) instanceof CookieCache cookieCache)
             cookieCache.replaceCookieList(servletCookieList);
         return servletCookieList.getServletCookies();
     }
@@ -279,7 +279,7 @@ public class ServletApiRequest implements HttpServletRequest
     @Override
     public Enumeration<String> getHeaderNames()
     {
-        return getFields().getFieldNames();
+        return Collections.enumeration(getFields().getFieldNamesCollection());
     }
 
     @Override
@@ -292,28 +292,28 @@ public class ServletApiRequest implements HttpServletRequest
     @Override
     public String getPathInfo()
     {
-        return _request._matchedPath.getPathInfo();
+        return getServletRequestInfo().getMatchedResource().getMatchedPath().getPathInfo();
     }
 
     @Override
     public String getPathTranslated()
     {
         String pathInfo = getPathInfo();
-        if (pathInfo == null || _request.getContext() == null)
+        if (pathInfo == null || getServletRequestInfo().getServletContext() == null)
             return null;
-        return _request.getContext().getServletContext().getRealPath(pathInfo);
+        return getServletRequestInfo().getServletContext().getServletContext().getRealPath(pathInfo);
     }
 
     @Override
     public String getContextPath()
     {
-        return _request.getContext().getServletContextHandler().getRequestContextPath();
+        return getServletRequestInfo().getServletContext().getServletContextHandler().getRequestContextPath();
     }
 
     @Override
     public String getQueryString()
     {
-        return _request.getHttpURI().getQuery();
+        return getRequest().getHttpURI().getQuery();
     }
 
     @Override
@@ -329,7 +329,7 @@ public class ServletApiRequest implements HttpServletRequest
     public boolean isUserInRole(String role)
     {
         //obtain any substituted role name from the destination servlet
-        String linkedRole = _request._mappedServlet.getServletHolder().getUserRoleLink(role);
+        String linkedRole = getServletRequestInfo().getMatchedResource().getResource().getServletHolder().getUserRoleLink(role);
         AuthenticationState authenticationState = getUndeferredAuthentication();
 
         if (authenticationState instanceof AuthenticationState.Succeeded succeededAuthentication)
@@ -354,33 +354,34 @@ public class ServletApiRequest implements HttpServletRequest
     @Override
     public String getRequestedSessionId()
     {
-        AbstractSessionManager.RequestedSession requestedSession = _request.getRequestedSession();
+        AbstractSessionManager.RequestedSession requestedSession = getServletRequestInfo().getRequestedSession();
         return requestedSession == null ? null : requestedSession.sessionId();
     }
 
     @Override
     public String getRequestURI()
     {
-        HttpURI uri = _request.getHttpURI();
+        HttpURI uri = getRequest().getHttpURI();
         return uri == null ? null : uri.getPath();
     }
 
     @Override
     public StringBuffer getRequestURL()
     {
-        return new StringBuffer(HttpURI.build(_request.getHttpURI()).query(null).asString());
+        // Use the ServletContextRequest here as even if changed in the Request, it must match the servletPath and pathInfo
+        return new StringBuffer(HttpURI.build(getRequest().getHttpURI()).query(null).asString());
     }
 
     @Override
     public String getServletPath()
     {
-        return _request._matchedPath.getPathMatch();
+        return getServletRequestInfo().getMatchedResource().getMatchedPath().getPathMatch();
     }
 
     @Override
     public HttpSession getSession(boolean create)
     {
-        Session session = _request.getSession(create);
+        Session session = getRequest().getSession(create);
         if (session == null)
             return null;
         if (session.isNew() && getAuthentication() instanceof AuthenticationState.Succeeded)
@@ -397,11 +398,11 @@ public class ServletApiRequest implements HttpServletRequest
     @Override
     public String changeSessionId()
     {
-        Session session = _request.getSession(false);
+        Session session = getRequest().getSession(false);
         if (session == null)
             throw new IllegalStateException("No session");
 
-        session.renewId(_request, _request.getResponse());
+        session.renewId(getRequest(), _servletChannel.getResponse());
 
         if (getRemoteUser() != null)
             session.setAttribute(ManagedSession.SESSION_CREATED_SECURE, Boolean.TRUE);
@@ -412,21 +413,21 @@ public class ServletApiRequest implements HttpServletRequest
     @Override
     public boolean isRequestedSessionIdValid()
     {
-        AbstractSessionManager.RequestedSession requestedSession = _request.getRequestedSession();
+        AbstractSessionManager.RequestedSession requestedSession = getServletRequestInfo().getRequestedSession();
         return requestedSession != null && requestedSession.sessionId() != null && !requestedSession.sessionIdFromCookie();
     }
 
     @Override
     public boolean isRequestedSessionIdFromCookie()
     {
-        AbstractSessionManager.RequestedSession requestedSession = _request.getRequestedSession();
+        AbstractSessionManager.RequestedSession requestedSession = getServletRequestInfo().getRequestedSession();
         return requestedSession != null && requestedSession.sessionId() != null && requestedSession.sessionIdFromCookie();
     }
 
     @Override
     public boolean isRequestedSessionIdFromURL()
     {
-        AbstractSessionManager.RequestedSession requestedSession = _request.getRequestedSession();
+        AbstractSessionManager.RequestedSession requestedSession = getServletRequestInfo().getRequestedSession();
         return requestedSession != null && requestedSession.sessionId() != null && !requestedSession.sessionIdFromCookie();
     }
 
@@ -462,8 +463,9 @@ public class ServletApiRequest implements HttpServletRequest
     {
         try
         {
+            ServletRequestInfo servletRequestInfo = getServletRequestInfo();
             AuthenticationState.Succeeded succeededAuthentication = AuthenticationState.login(
-                username, password, getServletContextRequest(), getServletContextRequest().getResponse());
+                username, password, getRequest(), servletRequestInfo.getServletChannel().getServletContextResponse());
 
             if (succeededAuthentication == null)
                 throw new QuietException.Exception("Authentication failed for username '" + username + "'");
@@ -477,7 +479,8 @@ public class ServletApiRequest implements HttpServletRequest
     @Override
     public void logout() throws ServletException
     {
-        if (!AuthenticationState.logout(getServletContextRequest(), getServletContextRequest().getResponse()))
+        ServletRequestInfo servletRequestInfo = getServletRequestInfo();
+        if (!AuthenticationState.logout(getRequest(), servletRequestInfo.getServletChannel().getServletContextResponse()))
             throw new ServletException("logout failed");
     }
 
@@ -494,7 +497,7 @@ public class ServletApiRequest implements HttpServletRequest
             if (config == null)
                 throw new IllegalStateException("No multipart config for servlet");
 
-            ServletContextHandler contextHandler = _request.getContext().getServletContextHandler();
+            ServletContextHandler contextHandler = getServletRequestInfo().getServletContext().getServletContextHandler();
             int maxFormContentSize = contextHandler.getMaxFormContentSize();
             int maxFormKeys = contextHandler.getMaxFormKeys();
 
@@ -574,10 +577,10 @@ public class ServletApiRequest implements HttpServletRequest
     @Override
     public PushBuilder newPushBuilder()
     {
-        if (!_request.getConnectionMetaData().isPushSupported())
+        if (!getRequest().getConnectionMetaData().isPushSupported())
             return null;
 
-        HttpFields.Mutable pushHeaders = HttpFields.build(_request.getHeaders(), EnumSet.of(
+        HttpFields.Mutable pushHeaders = HttpFields.build(getRequest().getHeaders(), EnumSet.of(
             HttpHeader.IF_MATCH,
             HttpHeader.IF_RANGE,
             HttpHeader.IF_UNMODIFIED_SINCE,
@@ -594,7 +597,7 @@ public class ServletApiRequest implements HttpServletRequest
         pushHeaders.put(HttpHeader.REFERER, referrer);
 
         // Any Set-Cookie in the response should be present in the push.
-        HttpFields.Mutable responseHeaders = _request.getResponse().getHeaders();
+        HttpFields.Mutable responseHeaders = _servletChannel.getResponse().getHeaders();
         List<String> setCookies = new ArrayList<>(responseHeaders.getValuesList(HttpHeader.SET_COOKIE));
         setCookies.addAll(responseHeaders.getValuesList(HttpHeader.SET_COOKIE2));
         String cookies = pushHeaders.get(HttpHeader.COOKIE);
@@ -642,7 +645,7 @@ public class ServletApiRequest implements HttpServletRequest
             sessionId = getRequestedSessionId();
         }
 
-        return new PushBuilderImpl(_request, pushHeaders, sessionId);
+        return new PushBuilderImpl(ServletContextRequest.getServletContextRequest(this), pushHeaders, sessionId);
     }
 
     @Override
@@ -659,17 +662,17 @@ public class ServletApiRequest implements HttpServletRequest
                 case AsyncContext.ASYNC_PATH_INFO -> getPathInfo();
                 case AsyncContext.ASYNC_QUERY_STRING -> getQueryString();
                 case AsyncContext.ASYNC_MAPPING -> getHttpServletMapping();
-                default -> _request.getAttribute(name);
+                default -> getRequest().getAttribute(name);
             };
         }
 
-        return _request.getAttribute(name);
+        return getRequest().getAttribute(name);
     }
 
     @Override
     public Enumeration<String> getAttributeNames()
     {
-        Set<String> set = _request.getAttributeNameSet();
+        Set<String> set = getRequest().getAttributeNameSet();
         if (_async != null)
         {
             set = new HashSet<>(set);
@@ -689,8 +692,8 @@ public class ServletApiRequest implements HttpServletRequest
     {
         if (_characterEncoding == null)
         {
-            if (_request.getContext() != null)
-                _characterEncoding = _request.getContext().getServletContext().getRequestCharacterEncoding();
+            if (getRequest().getContext() != null)
+                _characterEncoding = getServletRequestInfo().getServletContext().getServletContext().getRequestCharacterEncoding();
 
             if (_characterEncoding == null)
             {
@@ -765,10 +768,10 @@ public class ServletApiRequest implements HttpServletRequest
             throw new IllegalStateException("READER");
         _inputState = ServletContextRequest.INPUT_STREAM;
 
-        if (_request.getServletChannel().isExpecting100Continue())
-            _request.getServletChannel().continue100(_request.getHttpInput().available());
+        if (getServletRequestInfo().getServletChannel().isExpecting100Continue())
+            getServletRequestInfo().getServletChannel().continue100(getServletRequestInfo().getHttpInput().available());
 
-        return _request.getHttpInput();
+        return getServletRequestInfo().getHttpInput();
     }
 
     @Override
@@ -798,20 +801,6 @@ public class ServletApiRequest implements HttpServletRequest
         return Collections.unmodifiableMap(getParameters().toStringArrayMap());
     }
 
-    public Fields getContentParameters()
-    {
-        getParameters(); // ensure extracted
-        return _contentParameters;
-    }
-
-    public void setContentParameters(Fields params)
-    {
-        if (params == null || params.getSize() == 0)
-            _contentParameters = ServletContextRequest.NO_PARAMS;
-        else
-            _contentParameters = params;
-    }
-
     private Fields getParameters()
     {
         extractContentParameters();
@@ -855,13 +844,14 @@ public class ServletApiRequest implements HttpServletRequest
                     {
                         String baseType = HttpField.valueParameters(getContentType(), null);
                         if (MimeTypes.Type.FORM_ENCODED.is(baseType) &&
-                            _request.getConnectionMetaData().getHttpConfiguration().isFormEncodedMethod(getMethod()))
+                            getRequest().getConnectionMetaData().getHttpConfiguration().isFormEncodedMethod(getMethod()))
                         {
                             try
                             {
-                                int maxKeys = _request.getServletRequestState().getContextHandler().getMaxFormKeys();
-                                int maxContentSize = _request.getServletRequestState().getContextHandler().getMaxFormContentSize();
-                                _contentParameters = FormFields.from(getServletContextRequest(), maxKeys, maxContentSize).get();
+                                ServletContextHandler contextHandler = getServletRequestInfo().getServletContextHandler();
+                                int maxKeys = contextHandler.getMaxFormKeys();
+                                int maxContentSize = contextHandler.getMaxFormContentSize();
+                                _contentParameters = FormFields.from(getRequest(), maxKeys, maxContentSize).get();
                             }
                             catch (IllegalStateException | IllegalArgumentException | ExecutionException |
                                    InterruptedException e)
@@ -889,7 +879,7 @@ public class ServletApiRequest implements HttpServletRequest
                         {
                             try
                             {
-                                _contentParameters = FormFields.get(getServletContextRequest()).get();
+                                _contentParameters = FormFields.get(getRequest()).get();
                             }
                             catch (IllegalStateException | IllegalArgumentException | ExecutionException |
                                    InterruptedException e)
@@ -918,14 +908,14 @@ public class ServletApiRequest implements HttpServletRequest
         // and may have already been extracted by mergeQueryParameters().
         if (_queryParameters == null)
         {
-            HttpURI httpURI = _request.getHttpURI();
+            HttpURI httpURI = getRequest().getHttpURI();
             if (httpURI == null || StringUtil.isEmpty(httpURI.getQuery()))
                 _queryParameters = ServletContextRequest.NO_PARAMS;
             else
             {
                 try
                 {
-                    _queryParameters = Request.extractQueryParameters(_request, _request.getQueryEncoding());
+                    _queryParameters = Request.extractQueryParameters(getRequest(), getServletRequestInfo().getQueryEncoding());
                 }
                 catch (IllegalStateException | IllegalArgumentException e)
                 {
@@ -939,19 +929,19 @@ public class ServletApiRequest implements HttpServletRequest
     @Override
     public String getProtocol()
     {
-        return _request.getConnectionMetaData().getProtocol();
+        return getRequest().getConnectionMetaData().getProtocol();
     }
 
     @Override
     public String getScheme()
     {
-        return _request.getHttpURI().getScheme();
+        return getRequest().getHttpURI().getScheme();
     }
 
     @Override
     public String getServerName()
     {
-        HttpURI uri = _request.getHttpURI();
+        HttpURI uri = getRequest().getHttpURI();
         if ((uri != null) && StringUtil.isNotBlank(uri.getAuthority()))
             return formatAddrOrHost(uri.getHost());
         else
@@ -960,13 +950,13 @@ public class ServletApiRequest implements HttpServletRequest
 
     private String formatAddrOrHost(String name)
     {
-        ServletChannel servletChannel = _request.getServletChannel();
+        ServletChannel servletChannel = _servletChannel;
         return servletChannel == null ? HostPort.normalizeHost(name) : servletChannel.formatAddrOrHost(name);
     }
 
     private String findServerName()
     {
-        ServletChannel servletChannel = _request.getServletChannel();
+        ServletChannel servletChannel = _servletChannel;
         if (servletChannel != null)
         {
             HostPort serverAuthority = servletChannel.getServerAuthority();
@@ -985,9 +975,9 @@ public class ServletApiRequest implements HttpServletRequest
     @Override
     public int getServerPort()
     {
-        int port = -1;
+        int port;
 
-        HttpURI uri = _request.getHttpURI();
+        HttpURI uri = getRequest().getHttpURI();
         if ((uri != null) && StringUtil.isNotBlank(uri.getAuthority()))
             port = uri.getPort();
         else
@@ -1003,7 +993,7 @@ public class ServletApiRequest implements HttpServletRequest
 
     private int findServerPort()
     {
-        ServletChannel servletChannel = _request.getServletChannel();
+        ServletChannel servletChannel = getServletRequestInfo().getServletChannel();
         if (servletChannel != null)
         {
             HostPort serverAuthority = servletChannel.getServerAuthority();
@@ -1043,9 +1033,9 @@ public class ServletApiRequest implements HttpServletRequest
                 }
             };
         }
-        else if (_request.getServletChannel().isExpecting100Continue())
+        else if (getServletRequestInfo().getServletChannel().isExpecting100Continue())
         {
-            _request.getServletChannel().continue100(_request.getHttpInput().available());
+            getServletRequestInfo().getServletChannel().continue100(getServletRequestInfo().getHttpInput().available());
         }
         _inputState = ServletContextRequest.INPUT_READER;
         return _reader;
@@ -1054,28 +1044,28 @@ public class ServletApiRequest implements HttpServletRequest
     @Override
     public String getRemoteAddr()
     {
-        return Request.getRemoteAddr(_request);
+        return Request.getRemoteAddr(getRequest());
     }
 
     @Override
     public String getRemoteHost()
     {
         // TODO: review.
-        return Request.getRemoteAddr(_request);
+        return Request.getRemoteAddr(getRequest());
     }
 
     @Override
     public void setAttribute(String name, Object attribute)
     {
-        Object oldValue = _request.setAttribute(name, attribute);
+        Object oldValue = getRequest().setAttribute(name, attribute);
 
         if ("org.eclipse.jetty.server.Request.queryEncoding".equals(name))
-            _request.setQueryEncoding(attribute == null ? null : attribute.toString());
+            getServletRequestInfo().setQueryEncoding(attribute == null ? null : attribute.toString());
 
-        if (!_request.getRequestAttributeListeners().isEmpty())
+        if (!getServletRequestInfo().getRequestAttributeListeners().isEmpty())
         {
-            final ServletRequestAttributeEvent event = new ServletRequestAttributeEvent(_request.getContext().getServletContext(), this, name, oldValue == null ? attribute : oldValue);
-            for (ServletRequestAttributeListener l : _request.getRequestAttributeListeners())
+            final ServletRequestAttributeEvent event = new ServletRequestAttributeEvent(getServletRequestInfo().getServletContext().getServletContext(), this, name, oldValue == null ? attribute : oldValue);
+            for (ServletRequestAttributeListener l : getServletRequestInfo().getRequestAttributeListeners())
             {
                 if (oldValue == null)
                     l.attributeAdded(event);
@@ -1090,12 +1080,12 @@ public class ServletApiRequest implements HttpServletRequest
     @Override
     public void removeAttribute(String name)
     {
-        Object oldValue = _request.removeAttribute(name);
+        Object oldValue = getRequest().removeAttribute(name);
 
-        if (oldValue != null && !_request.getRequestAttributeListeners().isEmpty())
+        if (oldValue != null && !getServletRequestInfo().getRequestAttributeListeners().isEmpty())
         {
-            final ServletRequestAttributeEvent event = new ServletRequestAttributeEvent(_request.getContext().getServletContext(), this, name, oldValue);
-            for (ServletRequestAttributeListener listener : _request.getRequestAttributeListeners())
+            final ServletRequestAttributeEvent event = new ServletRequestAttributeEvent(getServletRequestInfo().getServletContext().getServletContext(), this, name, oldValue);
+            for (ServletRequestAttributeListener listener : getServletRequestInfo().getRequestAttributeListeners())
             {
                 listener.attributeRemoved(event);
             }
@@ -1105,32 +1095,32 @@ public class ServletApiRequest implements HttpServletRequest
     @Override
     public Locale getLocale()
     {
-        return Request.getLocales(_request).get(0);
+        return Request.getLocales(getRequest()).get(0);
     }
 
     @Override
     public Enumeration<Locale> getLocales()
     {
-        return Collections.enumeration(Request.getLocales(_request));
+        return Collections.enumeration(Request.getLocales(getRequest()));
     }
 
     @Override
     public boolean isSecure()
     {
-        return _request.getConnectionMetaData().isSecure();
+        return getRequest().getConnectionMetaData().isSecure();
     }
 
     @Override
     public RequestDispatcher getRequestDispatcher(String path)
     {
-        ServletContextHandler.ServletScopedContext context = _request.getContext();
+        ServletContextHandler.ServletScopedContext context = getServletRequestInfo().getServletContext();
         if (path == null || context == null)
             return null;
 
         // handle relative path
         if (!path.startsWith("/"))
         {
-            String relTo = _request.getDecodedPathInContext();
+            String relTo = getServletRequestInfo().getDecodedPathInContext();
             int slash = relTo.lastIndexOf("/");
             if (slash > 1)
                 relTo = relTo.substring(0, slash + 1);
@@ -1145,13 +1135,13 @@ public class ServletApiRequest implements HttpServletRequest
     @Override
     public int getRemotePort()
     {
-        return Request.getRemotePort(_request);
+        return Request.getRemotePort(getRequest());
     }
 
     @Override
     public String getLocalName()
     {
-        ServletChannel servletChannel = _request.getServletChannel();
+        ServletChannel servletChannel = getServletRequestInfo().getServletChannel();
         if (servletChannel != null)
         {
             String localName = servletChannel.getLocalName();
@@ -1164,19 +1154,19 @@ public class ServletApiRequest implements HttpServletRequest
     @Override
     public String getLocalAddr()
     {
-        return Request.getLocalAddr(_request);
+        return Request.getLocalAddr(getRequest());
     }
 
     @Override
     public int getLocalPort()
     {
-        return Request.getLocalPort(_request);
+        return Request.getLocalPort(getRequest());
     }
 
     @Override
     public ServletContext getServletContext()
     {
-        return _request.getServletChannel().getServletContext();
+        return getServletRequestInfo().getServletChannel().getServletContextApi();
     }
 
     @Override
@@ -1184,10 +1174,11 @@ public class ServletApiRequest implements HttpServletRequest
     {
         if (!isAsyncSupported())
             throw new IllegalStateException("Async Not Supported");
-        ServletRequestState state = _request.getState();
+        ServletRequestState state = getServletRequestInfo().getState();
         if (_async == null)
             _async = new AsyncContextState(state);
-        AsyncContextEvent event = new AsyncContextEvent(_request.getContext(), _async, state, this, _request.getResponse().getHttpServletResponse());
+        ServletRequestInfo servletRequestInfo = getServletRequestInfo();
+        AsyncContextEvent event = new AsyncContextEvent(getServletRequestInfo().getServletContext(), _async, state, this, servletRequestInfo.getServletChannel().getServletContextResponse().getServletApiResponse());
         state.startAsync(event);
         return _async;
     }
@@ -1197,10 +1188,10 @@ public class ServletApiRequest implements HttpServletRequest
     {
         if (!isAsyncSupported())
             throw new IllegalStateException("Async Not Supported");
-        ServletRequestState state = _request.getState();
+        ServletRequestState state = getServletRequestInfo().getState();
         if (_async == null)
             _async = new AsyncContextState(state);
-        AsyncContextEvent event = new AsyncContextEvent(_request.getContext(), _async, state, servletRequest, servletResponse);
+        AsyncContextEvent event = new AsyncContextEvent(getServletRequestInfo().getServletContext(), _async, state, servletRequest, servletResponse);
         state.startAsync(event);
         return _async;
     }
@@ -1208,13 +1199,13 @@ public class ServletApiRequest implements HttpServletRequest
     @Override
     public HttpServletMapping getHttpServletMapping()
     {
-        return _request._mappedServlet.getServletPathMapping(_request.getDecodedPathInContext());
+        return getServletRequestInfo().getMatchedResource().getResource().getServletPathMapping(getServletRequestInfo().getDecodedPathInContext());
     }
 
     @Override
     public boolean isAsyncStarted()
     {
-        return _request.getState().isAsyncStarted();
+        return getServletRequestInfo().getState().isAsyncStarted();
     }
 
     @Override
@@ -1231,7 +1222,7 @@ public class ServletApiRequest implements HttpServletRequest
     @Override
     public AsyncContext getAsyncContext()
     {
-        ServletRequestState state = _request.getServletChannel().getState();
+        ServletRequestState state = getServletRequestInfo().getServletChannel().getServletRequestState();
         if (_async == null || !state.isAsyncStarted())
             throw new IllegalStateException(state.getStatusString());
 
@@ -1247,7 +1238,7 @@ public class ServletApiRequest implements HttpServletRequest
     @Override
     public Map<String, String> getTrailerFields()
     {
-        HttpFields trailers = _request.getTrailers();
+        HttpFields trailers = getRequest().getTrailers();
         if (trailers == null)
             return Map.of();
         Map<String, String> trailersMap = new HashMap<>();

jetty-ee10/jetty-ee10-servlet/src/main/java/org/eclipse/jetty/ee10/servlet/ServletApiResponse.java

@@ -15,7 +15,6 @@ package org.eclipse.jetty.ee10.servlet;
 
 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.io.PrintWriter;
-import java.nio.channels.IllegalSelectorException;
 import java.util.Collection;
 import java.util.Collections;
 import java.util.EnumSet;
@@ -27,30 +26,29 @@ import java.util.function.Supplier;
 import jakarta.servlet.ServletOutputStream;
 import jakarta.servlet.http.Cookie;
 import jakarta.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
+import org.eclipse.jetty.ee10.servlet.ServletContextHandler.ServletRequestInfo;
+import org.eclipse.jetty.ee10.servlet.ServletContextHandler.ServletResponseInfo;
 import org.eclipse.jetty.ee10.servlet.writer.EncodingHttpWriter;
 import org.eclipse.jetty.ee10.servlet.writer.Iso88591HttpWriter;
 import org.eclipse.jetty.ee10.servlet.writer.ResponseWriter;
 import org.eclipse.jetty.ee10.servlet.writer.Utf8HttpWriter;
 import org.eclipse.jetty.http.HttpCookie;
 import org.eclipse.jetty.http.HttpFields;
-import org.eclipse.jetty.http.HttpGenerator;
 import org.eclipse.jetty.http.HttpHeader;
 import org.eclipse.jetty.http.HttpStatus;
 import org.eclipse.jetty.http.HttpVersion;
-import org.eclipse.jetty.http.MimeTypes;
-import org.eclipse.jetty.io.RuntimeIOException;
+import org.eclipse.jetty.server.Request;
 import org.eclipse.jetty.server.Response;
 import org.eclipse.jetty.session.ManagedSession;
 import org.eclipse.jetty.session.SessionManager;
 import org.eclipse.jetty.util.Blocker;
+import org.eclipse.jetty.util.Callback;
 import org.eclipse.jetty.util.StringUtil;
 
 /**
- * The Jetty low level implementation of the ee10 {@link HttpServletResponse} object.
- *
- * <p>
- *     This provides the bridges from Servlet {@link HttpServletResponse} to the Jetty Core {@link Response} concepts (provided by the {@link ServletContextResponse})
- * </p>
+ * The Jetty implementation of the ee10 {@link HttpServletResponse} object.
+ * This provides the bridge from the Servlet {@link HttpServletResponse} to the Jetty Core {@link Response}
+ * via the {@link ServletContextResponse}.
  */
 public class ServletApiResponse implements HttpServletResponse
 {
@@ -62,16 +60,45 @@ public class ServletApiResponse implements HttpServletResponse
         ServletContextResponse.EncodingFrom.SET_LOCALE
     );
 
-    private final ServletContextResponse _response;
+    private final ServletChannel _servletChannel;
+    private final ServletContextHandler.ServletRequestInfo _servletRequestInfo;
+    private final ServletResponseInfo _servletResponseInfo;
 
-    protected ServletApiResponse(ServletContextResponse response)
+    protected ServletApiResponse(ServletContextResponse servletContextResponse)
     {
-        _response = response;
+        _servletChannel = servletContextResponse.getServletContextRequest().getServletChannel();
+        _servletRequestInfo = servletContextResponse.getServletContextRequest();
+        _servletResponseInfo = servletContextResponse;
     }
 
-    public ServletContextResponse getResponse()
+    public ServletChannel getServletChannel()
     {
-        return _response;
+        return _servletChannel;
+    }
+
+    public ServletRequestInfo getServletRequestInfo()
+    {
+        return _servletRequestInfo;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @return The {@link ServletResponseInfo} for the request as provided by
+     * {@link ServletContextResponse} when wrapped by the {@link ServletContextHandler}.
+     */
+    public ServletResponseInfo getServletResponseInfo()
+    {
+        return _servletResponseInfo;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @return The core {@link Response} associated with the API response.
+     *         This may differ from the {@link ServletContextResponse} as wrapped by the
+     *         {@link ServletContextHandler} as it may have subsequently been wrapped before
+     *         being passed to {@link ServletChannel#associate(Request, Response, Callback)}.
+     */
+    public Response getResponse()
+    {
+        return getServletChannel().getResponse();
     }
 
     @Override
@@ -85,22 +112,23 @@ public class ServletApiResponse implements HttpServletResponse
 
     public void addCookie(HttpCookie cookie)
     {
-        Response.addCookie(_response, cookie);
+        Response.addCookie(getResponse(), cookie);
     }
 
     @Override
     public boolean containsHeader(String name)
     {
-        return _response.getHeaders().contains(name);
+        return getResponse().getHeaders().contains(name);
     }
 
     @Override
     public String encodeURL(String url)
     {
-        SessionManager sessionManager = _response.getServletContextRequest().getServletChannel().getContextHandler().getSessionHandler();
+        SessionManager sessionManager = getServletChannel().getServletContextHandler().getSessionHandler();
         if (sessionManager == null)
             return url;
-        return sessionManager.encodeURI(_response.getServletContextRequest(), url, getResponse().getServletContextRequest().getServletApiRequest().isRequestedSessionIdFromCookie());
+        return sessionManager.encodeURI(getServletChannel().getRequest(), url,
+            getServletChannel().getServletContextRequest().getServletApiRequest().isRequestedSessionIdFromCookie());
     }
 
     @Override
@@ -114,14 +142,14 @@ public class ServletApiResponse implements HttpServletResponse
     {
         switch (sc)
         {
-            case -1 -> _response.getServletContextRequest().getServletChannel().abort(new IOException(msg));
+            case -1 -> getServletChannel().abort(new IOException(msg));
             case HttpStatus.PROCESSING_102, HttpStatus.EARLY_HINT_103 ->
             {
                 if (!isCommitted())
                 {
                     try (Blocker.Callback blocker = Blocker.callback())
                     {
-                        CompletableFuture<Void> completable = _response.writeInterim(sc, _response.getHeaders().asImmutable());
+                        CompletableFuture<Void> completable = getServletChannel().getServletContextResponse().writeInterim(sc, getResponse().getHeaders().asImmutable());
                         blocker.completeWith(completable);
                         blocker.block();
                     }
@@ -131,7 +159,7 @@ public class ServletApiResponse implements HttpServletResponse
             {
                 if (isCommitted())
                     throw new IllegalStateException("Committed");
-                _response.getState().sendError(sc, msg);
+                getServletRequestInfo().getServletRequestState().sendError(sc, msg);
             }
         }
     }
@@ -160,7 +188,7 @@ public class ServletApiResponse implements HttpServletResponse
         resetBuffer();
         try (Blocker.Callback callback = Blocker.callback())
         {
-            Response.sendRedirect(_response.getServletContextRequest(), _response, callback, code, location, false);
+            Response.sendRedirect(getServletRequestInfo().getRequest(), getResponse(), callback, code, location, false);
             callback.block();
         }
     }
@@ -168,25 +196,25 @@ public class ServletApiResponse implements HttpServletResponse
     @Override
     public void setDateHeader(String name, long date)
     {
-        _response.getHeaders().putDate(name, date);
+        getResponse().getHeaders().putDate(name, date);
     }
 
     @Override
     public void addDateHeader(String name, long date)
     {
-        _response.getHeaders().addDateField(name, date);
+        getResponse().getHeaders().addDateField(name, date);
     }
 
     @Override
     public void setHeader(String name, String value)
     {
-        _response.getHeaders().put(name, value);
+        getResponse().getHeaders().put(name, value);
     }
 
     @Override
     public void addHeader(String name, String value)
     {
-        _response.getHeaders().add(name, value);
+        getResponse().getHeaders().add(name, value);
     }
 
     @Override
@@ -194,7 +222,7 @@ public class ServletApiResponse implements HttpServletResponse
     {
         // TODO do we need int versions?
         if (!isCommitted())
-            _response.getHeaders().put(name, value);
+            getResponse().getHeaders().put(name, value);
     }
 
     @Override
@@ -202,136 +230,100 @@ public class ServletApiResponse implements HttpServletResponse
     {
         // TODO do we need a native version?
         if (!isCommitted())
-            _response.getHeaders().add(name, Integer.toString(value));
+            getResponse().getHeaders().add(name, Integer.toString(value));
     }
 
     @Override
     public void setStatus(int sc)
     {
-        _response.setStatus(sc);
+        getResponse().setStatus(sc);
     }
 
     @Override
     public int getStatus()
     {
-        return _response.getStatus();
+        int status = getResponse().getStatus();
+        return status == 0 ? 200 : status;
     }
 
     @Override
     public String getHeader(String name)
     {
-        return _response.getHeaders().get(name);
+        return getResponse().getHeaders().get(name);
     }
 
     @Override
     public Collection<String> getHeaders(String name)
     {
-        return _response.getHeaders().getValuesList(name);
+        return getResponse().getHeaders().getValuesList(name);
     }
 
     @Override
     public Collection<String> getHeaderNames()
     {
-        return _response.getHeaders().getFieldNamesCollection();
+        return getResponse().getHeaders().getFieldNamesCollection();
     }
 
     @Override
     public String getCharacterEncoding()
     {
-        return _response.getCharacterEncoding(false);
+        return getServletResponseInfo().getCharacterEncoding(false);
     }
 
     @Override
     public String getContentType()
     {
-        return _response.getContentType();
+        return getServletResponseInfo().getContentType();
     }
 
     @Override
     public ServletOutputStream getOutputStream() throws IOException
     {
-        if (_response.getOutputType() == ServletContextResponse.OutputType.WRITER)
+        if (getServletResponseInfo().getOutputType() == ServletContextResponse.OutputType.WRITER)
             throw new IllegalStateException("WRITER");
-        _response.setOutputType(ServletContextResponse.OutputType.STREAM);
-        return _response.getHttpOutput();
+        getServletResponseInfo().setOutputType(ServletContextResponse.OutputType.STREAM);
+        return getServletChannel().getHttpOutput();
     }
 
     @Override
     public PrintWriter getWriter() throws IOException
     {
-        if (_response.getOutputType() == ServletContextResponse.OutputType.STREAM)
+        if (getServletResponseInfo().getOutputType() == ServletContextResponse.OutputType.STREAM)
             throw new IllegalStateException("STREAM");
 
-        if (_response.getOutputType() == ServletContextResponse.OutputType.NONE)
+        ResponseWriter writer = getServletResponseInfo().getWriter();
+        if (getServletResponseInfo().getOutputType() == ServletContextResponse.OutputType.NONE)
         {
-            String encoding = _response.getCharacterEncoding(true);
+            String encoding = getServletResponseInfo().getCharacterEncoding(true);
             Locale locale = getLocale();
-            if (_response.getWriter() != null && _response.getWriter().isFor(locale, encoding))
-                _response.getWriter().reopen();
+            if (writer != null && writer.isFor(locale, encoding))
+                writer.reopen();
             else
             {
                 if (StringUtil.__ISO_8859_1.equalsIgnoreCase(encoding))
-                    _response.setWriter(new ResponseWriter(new Iso88591HttpWriter(_response.getHttpOutput()), locale, encoding));
+                    getServletResponseInfo().setWriter(writer = new ResponseWriter(new Iso88591HttpWriter(getServletChannel().getHttpOutput()), locale, encoding));
                 else if (StringUtil.__UTF8.equalsIgnoreCase(encoding))
-                    _response.setWriter(new ResponseWriter(new Utf8HttpWriter(_response.getHttpOutput()), locale, encoding));
+                    getServletResponseInfo().setWriter(writer = new ResponseWriter(new Utf8HttpWriter(getServletChannel().getHttpOutput()), locale, encoding));
                 else
-                    _response.setWriter(new ResponseWriter(new EncodingHttpWriter(_response.getHttpOutput(), encoding), locale, encoding));
+                    getServletResponseInfo().setWriter(writer = new ResponseWriter(new EncodingHttpWriter(getServletChannel().getHttpOutput(), encoding), locale, encoding));
             }
 
             // Set the output type at the end, because setCharacterEncoding() checks for it.
-            _response.setOutputType(ServletContextResponse.OutputType.WRITER);
+            getServletResponseInfo().setOutputType(ServletContextResponse.OutputType.WRITER);
         }
-        return _response.getWriter();
+        return writer;
     }
 
     @Override
     public void setCharacterEncoding(String encoding)
     {
-        _response.setCharacterEncoding(encoding, ServletContextResponse.EncodingFrom.SET_CHARACTER_ENCODING);
+        getServletResponseInfo().setCharacterEncoding(encoding, ServletContextResponse.EncodingFrom.SET_CHARACTER_ENCODING);
     }
 
     @Override
     public void setContentLength(int len)
     {
-        // Protect from setting after committed as default handling
-        // of a servlet HEAD request ALWAYS sets _content length, even
-        // if the getHandling committed the response!
-        if (isCommitted())
-            return;
-
-        if (len > 0)
-        {
-            long written = _response.getHttpOutput().getWritten();
-            if (written > len)
-                throw new IllegalArgumentException("setContentLength(" + len + ") when already written " + written);
-
-            _response.setContentLength(len);
-            _response.getHeaders().put(HttpHeader.CONTENT_LENGTH, len);
-            if (_response.isAllContentWritten(written))
-            {
-                try
-                {
-                    _response.closeOutput();
-                }
-                catch (IOException e)
-                {
-                    throw new RuntimeIOException(e);
-                }
-            }
-        }
-        else if (len == 0)
-        {
-            long written = _response.getHttpOutput().getWritten();
-            if (written > 0)
-                throw new IllegalArgumentException("setContentLength(0) when already written " + written);
-            _response.setContentLength(len);
-            _response.getHeaders().put(HttpFields.CONTENT_LENGTH_0);
-        }
-        else
-        {
-            _response.setContentLength(len);
-            _response.getHeaders().remove(HttpHeader.CONTENT_LENGTH);
-        }
+        setContentLengthLong(len);
     }
 
     @Override
@@ -342,8 +334,13 @@ public class ServletApiResponse implements HttpServletResponse
         // if the getHandling committed the response!
         if (isCommitted())
             return;
-        _response.setContentLength(len);
-        _response.getHeaders().put(HttpHeader.CONTENT_LENGTH, len);
+
+        if (len > 0)
+            getResponse().getHeaders().put(HttpHeader.CONTENT_LENGTH, len);
+        else if (len == 0)
+            getResponse().getHeaders().put(HttpFields.CONTENT_LENGTH_0);
+        else
+            getResponse().getHeaders().remove(HttpHeader.CONTENT_LENGTH);
     }
 
     @Override
@@ -354,70 +351,20 @@ public class ServletApiResponse implements HttpServletResponse
 
         if (contentType == null)
         {
-            if (_response.isWriting() && _response.getCharacterEncoding() != null)
-                throw new IllegalSelectorException();
+            if (getServletResponseInfo().isWriting() && getServletResponseInfo().getCharacterEncoding() != null)
+                throw new IllegalStateException();
 
-            if (_response.getLocale() == null)
-                _response.setCharacterEncoding(null);
-            _response.setMimeType(null);
-            _response.setContentType(null);
-            _response.getHeaders().remove(HttpHeader.CONTENT_TYPE);
+            getResponse().getHeaders().remove(HttpHeader.CONTENT_TYPE);
         }
         else
         {
-            _response.setContentType(contentType);
-            _response.setMimeType(MimeTypes.CACHE.get(contentType));
-
-            String charset = MimeTypes.getCharsetFromContentType(contentType);
-            if (charset == null && _response.getMimeType() != null && _response.getMimeType().isCharsetAssumed())
-                charset = _response.getMimeType().getCharsetString();
-
-            if (charset == null)
-            {
-                switch (_response.getEncodingFrom())
-                {
-                    case NOT_SET:
-                        break;
-                    case DEFAULT:
-                    case INFERRED:
-                    case SET_CONTENT_TYPE:
-                    case SET_LOCALE:
-                    case SET_CHARACTER_ENCODING:
-                    {
-                        _response.setContentType(contentType + ";charset=" + _response.getCharacterEncoding());
-                        _response.setMimeType(MimeTypes.CACHE.get(_response.getContentType()));
-                        break;
-                    }
-                    default:
-                        throw new IllegalStateException(_response.getEncodingFrom().toString());
-                }
-            }
-            else if (_response.isWriting() && !charset.equalsIgnoreCase(_response.getCharacterEncoding()))
-            {
-                // too late to change the character encoding;
-                _response.setContentType(MimeTypes.getContentTypeWithoutCharset(_response.getContentType()));
-                if (_response.getCharacterEncoding() != null && (_response.getMimeType() == null || !_response.getMimeType().isCharsetAssumed()))
-                    _response.setContentType(_response.getContentType() + ";charset=" + _response.getCharacterEncoding());
-                _response.setMimeType(MimeTypes.CACHE.get(_response.getContentType()));
-            }
-            else
-            {
-                _response.setRawCharacterEncoding(charset, ServletContextResponse.EncodingFrom.SET_CONTENT_TYPE);
-            }
-
-            if (HttpGenerator.__STRICT || _response.getMimeType() == null)
-                _response.getHeaders().put(HttpHeader.CONTENT_TYPE, _response.getContentType());
-            else
-            {
-                _response.setContentType(_response.getMimeType().asString());
-                _response.getHeaders().put(_response.getMimeType().getContentTypeField());
-            }
+            getResponse().getHeaders().put(HttpHeader.CONTENT_TYPE, contentType);
         }
     }
 
     public long getContentCount()
     {
-        return _response.getHttpOutput().getWritten();
+        return getServletChannel().getHttpOutput().getWritten();
     }
 
     @Override
@@ -429,20 +376,20 @@ public class ServletApiResponse implements HttpServletResponse
             throw new IllegalStateException("cannot set buffer size after response has " + getContentCount() + " bytes already written");
         if (size < MIN_BUFFER_SIZE)
             size = MIN_BUFFER_SIZE;
-        _response.getHttpOutput().setBufferSize(size);
+        getServletChannel().getHttpOutput().setBufferSize(size);
     }
 
     @Override
     public int getBufferSize()
     {
-        return _response.getHttpOutput().getBufferSize();
+        return getServletChannel().getHttpOutput().getBufferSize();
     }
 
     @Override
     public void flushBuffer() throws IOException
     {
-        if (!_response.getHttpOutput().isClosed())
-            _response.getHttpOutput().flush();
+        if (!getServletChannel().getHttpOutput().isClosed())
+            getServletChannel().getHttpOutput().flush();
     }
 
     @Override
@@ -450,17 +397,17 @@ public class ServletApiResponse implements HttpServletResponse
     {
         if (isCommitted())
             throw new IllegalStateException("Committed");
-        _response.getHttpOutput().resetBuffer();
-        _response.getHttpOutput().reopen();
+        getServletChannel().getHttpOutput().resetBuffer();
+        getServletChannel().getHttpOutput().reopen();
     }
 
     @Override
     public boolean isCommitted()
     {
         // If we are in sendError state, we pretend to be committed
-        if (_response.getServletContextRequest().getServletChannel().isSendError())
+        if (getServletChannel().isSendError())
             return true;
-        return _response.getServletContextRequest().getServletChannel().isCommitted();
+        return getServletChannel().isCommitted();
     }
 
     @Override
@@ -469,14 +416,13 @@ public class ServletApiResponse implements HttpServletResponse
         if (isCommitted())
             throw new IllegalStateException("Committed");
 
-        _response.reset();
+        getResponse().reset();
 
-
-        ServletApiRequest servletApiRequest = _response.getServletContextRequest().getServletApiRequest();
-        ManagedSession session = servletApiRequest.getServletContextRequest().getManagedSession();
+        ServletApiRequest servletApiRequest = getServletChannel().getServletContextRequest().getServletApiRequest();
+        ManagedSession session = servletApiRequest.getServletRequestInfo().getManagedSession();
         if (session != null && session.isNew())
         {
-            SessionManager sessionManager = servletApiRequest.getServletContextRequest().getSessionManager();
+            SessionManager sessionManager = servletApiRequest.getServletRequestInfo().getSessionManager();
             if (sessionManager != null)
             {
                 HttpCookie cookie = sessionManager.getSessionCookie(session, servletApiRequest.getServletConnection().isSecure());
@@ -494,41 +440,41 @@ public class ServletApiResponse implements HttpServletResponse
 
         if (locale == null)
         {
-            _response.setLocale(null);
-            _response.getHeaders().remove(HttpHeader.CONTENT_LANGUAGE);
-            if (_response.getEncodingFrom() == ServletContextResponse.EncodingFrom.SET_LOCALE)
-                _response.setCharacterEncoding(null, ServletContextResponse.EncodingFrom.NOT_SET);
+            getServletResponseInfo().setLocale(null);
+            getResponse().getHeaders().remove(HttpHeader.CONTENT_LANGUAGE);
+            if (getServletResponseInfo().getEncodingFrom() == ServletContextResponse.EncodingFrom.SET_LOCALE)
+                getServletResponseInfo().setCharacterEncoding(null, ServletContextResponse.EncodingFrom.NOT_SET);
         }
         else
         {
-            _response.setLocale(locale);
-            _response.getHeaders().put(HttpHeader.CONTENT_LANGUAGE, StringUtil.replace(locale.toString(), '_', '-'));
+            getServletResponseInfo().setLocale(locale);
+            getResponse().getHeaders().put(HttpHeader.CONTENT_LANGUAGE, StringUtil.replace(locale.toString(), '_', '-'));
 
-            if (_response.getOutputType() != ServletContextResponse.OutputType.NONE)
+            if (getServletResponseInfo().getOutputType() != ServletContextResponse.OutputType.NONE)
                 return;
 
-            ServletContextHandler.ServletScopedContext context = _response.getServletContextRequest().getServletChannel().getContext();
+            ServletContextHandler.ServletScopedContext context = getServletChannel().getContext();
             if (context == null)
                 return;
 
             String charset = context.getServletContextHandler().getLocaleEncoding(locale);
-            if (!StringUtil.isEmpty(charset) && LOCALE_OVERRIDE.contains(_response.getEncodingFrom()))
-                _response.setCharacterEncoding(charset, ServletContextResponse.EncodingFrom.SET_LOCALE);
+            if (!StringUtil.isEmpty(charset) && LOCALE_OVERRIDE.contains(getServletResponseInfo().getEncodingFrom()))
+                getServletResponseInfo().setCharacterEncoding(charset, ServletContextResponse.EncodingFrom.SET_LOCALE);
         }
     }
 
     @Override
     public Locale getLocale()
     {
-        if (_response.getLocale() == null)
+        if (getServletResponseInfo().getLocale() == null)
             return Locale.getDefault();
-        return _response.getLocale();
+        return getServletResponseInfo().getLocale();
     }
 
     @Override
     public Supplier<Map<String, String>> getTrailerFields()
     {
-        return _response.getTrailers();
+        return getServletResponseInfo().getTrailers();
     }
 
     @Override
@@ -536,13 +482,12 @@ public class ServletApiResponse implements HttpServletResponse
     {
         if (isCommitted())
             throw new IllegalStateException("Committed");
-        HttpVersion version = HttpVersion.fromString(_response.getServletContextRequest().getConnectionMetaData().getProtocol());
+        HttpVersion version = HttpVersion.fromString(getServletRequestInfo().getRequest().getConnectionMetaData().getProtocol());
         if (version == null || version.compareTo(HttpVersion.HTTP_1_1) < 0)
             throw new IllegalStateException("Trailers not supported in " + version);
 
-        _response.setTrailers(trailers);
-
-        _response.setTrailersSupplier(() ->
+        getServletResponseInfo().setTrailers(trailers);
+        getResponse().setTrailersSupplier(() ->
         {
             Map<String, String> map = trailers.get();
             if (map == null)
@@ -556,6 +501,12 @@ public class ServletApiResponse implements HttpServletResponse
         });
     }
 
+    @Override
+    public String toString()
+    {
+        return "%s@%x{%s,%s}".formatted(this.getClass().getSimpleName(), hashCode(), getResponse(), getServletResponseInfo());
+    }
+
     static class HttpCookieFacade implements HttpCookie
     {
         private final Cookie _cookie;
@@ -640,7 +591,7 @@ public class ServletApiResponse implements HttpServletResponse
         @Override
         public boolean equals(Object obj)
         {
-            return HttpCookie.equals(this, obj);
+            return obj instanceof HttpCookie && HttpCookie.equals(this, obj);
         }
 
         @Override

jetty-ee10/jetty-ee10-servlet/src/main/java/org/eclipse/jetty/ee10/servlet/ServletChannel.java

@@ -16,16 +16,8 @@ package org.eclipse.jetty.ee10.servlet;
 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
 import java.net.SocketAddress;
-import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
-import java.util.ArrayList;
-import java.util.Collection;
-import java.util.EventListener;
-import java.util.List;
-import java.util.concurrent.Executor;
 import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;
 import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicLong;
-import java.util.function.BiConsumer;
-import java.util.function.Consumer;
 
 import jakarta.servlet.RequestDispatcher;
 import org.eclipse.jetty.ee10.servlet.ServletRequestState.Action;
@@ -38,13 +30,15 @@ import org.eclipse.jetty.http.HttpURI;
 import org.eclipse.jetty.io.Connection;
 import org.eclipse.jetty.io.EndPoint;
 import org.eclipse.jetty.io.QuietException;
-import org.eclipse.jetty.server.Connector;
+import org.eclipse.jetty.server.ConnectionMetaData;
 import org.eclipse.jetty.server.CustomRequestLog;
 import org.eclipse.jetty.server.HttpConfiguration;
 import org.eclipse.jetty.server.Request;
+import org.eclipse.jetty.server.Response;
 import org.eclipse.jetty.server.ResponseUtils;
 import org.eclipse.jetty.server.Server;
 import org.eclipse.jetty.server.handler.ContextHandler;
+import org.eclipse.jetty.server.handler.ContextRequest;
 import org.eclipse.jetty.util.Blocker;
 import org.eclipse.jetty.util.Callback;
 import org.eclipse.jetty.util.ExceptionUtil;
@@ -63,6 +57,13 @@ import static org.eclipse.jetty.util.thread.Invocable.InvocationType.NON_BLOCKIN
  * output according to the servlet specification.  The combined state so obtained
  * is reflected in the behaviour of the contained {@link HttpInput} implementation of
  * {@link jakarta.servlet.ServletInputStream}.
+ * <p>
+ * This class is reusable over multiple requests for the same {@link ServletContextHandler}
+ * and is {@link #recycle() recycled} after each use before being
+ * {@link #associate(ServletContextRequest) associated} with a new {@link ServletContextRequest}
+ * and then {@link #associate(Request, Response, Callback) associated} with possibly wrapped
+ * request, response and callback.
+ * </p>
  *
  * @see ServletRequestState
  * @see HttpInput
@@ -74,37 +75,35 @@ public class ServletChannel
     private final ServletRequestState _state;
     private final ServletContextHandler.ServletScopedContext _context;
     private final ServletContextHandler.ServletContextApi _servletContextApi;
+    private final ConnectionMetaData _connectionMetaData;
     private final AtomicLong _requests = new AtomicLong();
-    private final Connector _connector;
-    private final Executor _executor;
-    private final HttpConfiguration _configuration;
-    private final EndPoint _endPoint;
     private final HttpInput _httpInput;
-    private final Listener _combinedListener;
-    private volatile ServletContextRequest _servletContextRequest;
-    private volatile boolean _expects100Continue;
-    private volatile Callback _callback;
-    // Bytes written after interception (e.g. after compression).
-    private volatile long _written;
+    private final HttpOutput _httpOutput;
+    private ServletContextRequest _servletContextRequest;
+    private Request _request;
+    private Response _response;
+    private Callback _callback;
+    private boolean _expects100Continue;
+    private long _written;
 
     public ServletChannel(ServletContextHandler servletContextHandler, Request request)
     {
-        _state = new ServletRequestState(this);
-        _context = servletContextHandler.getContext();
-        _servletContextApi = _context.getServletContext();
-        _connector = request.getConnectionMetaData().getConnector();
-        _executor = request.getContext();
-        _configuration = request.getConnectionMetaData().getHttpConfiguration();
-        _endPoint = request.getConnectionMetaData().getConnection().getEndPoint();
-        _httpInput = new HttpInput(this);
-        _combinedListener = new Listeners(_connector, servletContextHandler);
+        this(servletContextHandler, request.getConnectionMetaData());
     }
 
-    public void setCallback(Callback callback)
+    public ServletChannel(ServletContextHandler servletContextHandler, ConnectionMetaData connectionMetaData)
     {
-        if (_callback != null)
-            throw new IllegalStateException();
-        _callback = callback;
+        _context = servletContextHandler.getContext();
+        _servletContextApi = _context.getServletContext();
+        _connectionMetaData = connectionMetaData;
+        _state = new ServletRequestState(this);
+        _httpInput = new HttpInput(this);
+        _httpOutput = new HttpOutput(this);
+    }
+
+    public ConnectionMetaData getConnectionMetaData()
+    {
+        return _connectionMetaData;
     }
 
     public Callback getCallback()
@@ -114,14 +113,18 @@ public class ServletChannel
 
     /**
      * Associate this channel with a specific request.
-     * @param servletContextRequest The request to associate
+     * This is called by the ServletContextHandler when a core {@link Request} is accepted and associated with
+     * a servlet mapping.
+     * @param servletContextRequest The servlet context request to associate
      * @see #recycle()
      */
     public void associate(ServletContextRequest servletContextRequest)
     {
         _state.recycle();
         _httpInput.reopen();
-        _servletContextRequest = servletContextRequest;
+        _httpOutput.recycle();
+        _request = _servletContextRequest = servletContextRequest;
+        _response = _servletContextRequest.getServletContextResponse();
         _expects100Continue = servletContextRequest.getHeaders().contains(HttpHeader.EXPECT, HttpHeaderValue.CONTINUE.asString());
 
         if (LOG.isDebugEnabled())
@@ -131,24 +134,49 @@ public class ServletChannel
                 _state);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Associate this channel with possibly wrapped values for
+     * {@link #getRequest()}, {@link #getResponse()} and {@link #getCallback()}.
+     * This is called by the {@link ServletHandler} immediately before calling {@link #handle()} on the
+     * initial dispatch.  This allows for handlers between the {@link ServletContextHandler} and the
+     * {@link ServletHandler} to wrap the instances.
+     * @param request The request, which may have been wrapped
+     *                after #{@link ServletContextHandler#wrapRequest(Request, Response)}
+     * @param response The response, which may have been wrapped
+     *                 after #{@link ServletContextHandler#wrapResponse(ContextRequest, Response)}
+     * @param callback The context, which may have been wrapped
+     *                 after {@link ServletContextHandler#handle(Request, Response, Callback)}
+     */
+    public void associate(Request request, Response response, Callback callback)
+    {
+        if (_callback != null)
+            throw new IllegalStateException();
+
+        if (request != _request && Request.as(request, ServletContextRequest.class) != _servletContextRequest)
+            throw new IllegalStateException();
+        _request = request;
+        _response = response;
+        _callback = callback;
+    }
+
     public ServletContextHandler.ServletScopedContext getContext()
     {
         return _context;
     }
 
-    public ServletContextHandler getContextHandler()
+    public ServletContextHandler getServletContextHandler()
     {
         return _context.getContextHandler();
     }
 
-    public ServletContextHandler.ServletContextApi getServletContext()
+    public ServletContextHandler.ServletContextApi getServletContextApi()
     {
         return _servletContextApi;
     }
 
     public HttpOutput getHttpOutput()
     {
-        return _servletContextRequest.getHttpOutput();
+        return _httpOutput;
     }
 
     public HttpInput getHttpInput()
@@ -175,7 +203,7 @@ public class ServletChannel
         return HostPort.normalizeHost(addr);
     }
 
-    public ServletRequestState getState()
+    public ServletRequestState getServletRequestState()
     {
         return _state;
     }
@@ -194,7 +222,7 @@ public class ServletChannel
      */
     public long getIdleTimeout()
     {
-        return _endPoint.getIdleTimeout();
+        return _connectionMetaData.getConnection().getEndPoint().getIdleTimeout();
     }
 
     /**
@@ -206,38 +234,70 @@ public class ServletChannel
      */
     public void setIdleTimeout(long timeoutMs)
     {
-        _endPoint.setIdleTimeout(timeoutMs);
+        _connectionMetaData.getConnection().getEndPoint().setIdleTimeout(timeoutMs);
     }
 
     public HttpConfiguration getHttpConfiguration()
     {
-        return _configuration;
+        return _connectionMetaData.getHttpConfiguration();
     }
 
     public Server getServer()
     {
-        return _connector.getServer();
+        return _context.getContextHandler().getServer();
     }
 
+    /**
+     * @return The {@link ServletContextRequest} as wrapped by the {@link ServletContextHandler}.
+     * @see #getRequest()
+     */
     public ServletContextRequest getServletContextRequest()
     {
         return _servletContextRequest;
     }
 
-    public ServletContextResponse getResponse()
+    /**
+     * @return The core {@link Request} associated with the request. This may differ from {@link #getServletContextRequest()}
+     *         if the request was wrapped by another handler after the {@link ServletContextHandler} and passed
+     *         to {@link ServletChannel#associate(Request, Response, Callback)}.
+     * @see #getServletContextRequest()
+     * @see #associate(Request, Response, Callback)
+     */
+    public Request getRequest()
+    {
+        return _request;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @return The ServetContextResponse as wrapped by the {@link ServletContextHandler}.
+     * @see #getResponse()
+     */
+    public ServletContextResponse getServletContextResponse()
     {
         ServletContextRequest request = _servletContextRequest;
-        return request == null ? null : request.getResponse();
+        return request == null ? null : request.getServletContextResponse();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @return The core {@link Response} associated with the API response.
+     *         This may differ from {@link #getServletContextResponse()} if the response was wrapped by another handler
+     *         after the {@link ServletContextHandler} and passed to {@link ServletChannel#associate(Request, Response, Callback)}.
+     * @see #getServletContextResponse()
+     * @see #associate(Request, Response, Callback)
+     */
+    public Response getResponse()
+    {
+        return _response;
     }
 
     public Connection getConnection()
     {
-        return _endPoint.getConnection();
+        return _connectionMetaData.getConnection();
     }
 
     public EndPoint getEndPoint()
     {
-        return _endPoint;
+        return getConnection().getEndPoint();
     }
 
     /**
@@ -315,7 +375,7 @@ public class ServletChannel
                 return ((InetSocketAddress)localAddress);
         }
 
-        SocketAddress local = _endPoint.getLocalSocketAddress();
+        SocketAddress local = getEndPoint().getLocalSocketAddress();
         if (local instanceof InetSocketAddress)
             return (InetSocketAddress)local;
         return null;
@@ -323,7 +383,7 @@ public class ServletChannel
 
     public InetSocketAddress getRemoteAddress()
     {
-        SocketAddress remote = _endPoint.getRemoteSocketAddress();
+        SocketAddress remote = getEndPoint().getRemoteSocketAddress();
         if (remote instanceof InetSocketAddress)
             return (InetSocketAddress)remote;
         return null;
@@ -360,7 +420,7 @@ public class ServletChannel
                     throw new IOException("Committed before 100 Continue");
                 try
                 {
-                    getResponse().writeInterim(HttpStatus.CONTINUE_100, HttpFields.EMPTY).get();
+                    getServletContextResponse().writeInterim(HttpStatus.CONTINUE_100, HttpFields.EMPTY).get();
                 }
                 catch (Throwable x)
                 {
@@ -382,6 +442,7 @@ public class ServletChannel
     }
 
     /**
+     * Handle the servlet request. This is called on the initial dispatch and then again on any asynchronous events.
      * @return True if the channel is ready to continue handling (ie it is not suspended)
      */
     public boolean handle()
@@ -422,7 +483,7 @@ public class ServletChannel
                                 _context.getServletContextHandler().requestInitialized(_servletContextRequest, _servletContextRequest.getServletApiRequest());
 
                                 ServletHandler servletHandler = _context.getServletContextHandler().getServletHandler();
-                                ServletHandler.MappedServlet mappedServlet = _servletContextRequest._mappedServlet;
+                                ServletHandler.MappedServlet mappedServlet = _servletContextRequest.getMatchedResource().getResource();
 
                                 mappedServlet.handle(servletHandler, Request.getPathInContext(_servletContextRequest), _servletContextRequest.getServletApiRequest(), _servletContextRequest.getHttpServletResponse());
                             }
@@ -474,7 +535,7 @@ public class ServletChannel
                                 // We first worked with the core pathInContext above, but now need to convert to servlet style
                                 String decodedPathInContext = URIUtil.decodePath(pathInContext);
 
-                                Dispatcher dispatcher = new Dispatcher(getContextHandler(), uri, decodedPathInContext);
+                                Dispatcher dispatcher = new Dispatcher(getServletContextHandler(), uri, decodedPathInContext);
                                 dispatcher.async(asyncContextEvent.getSuppliedRequest(), asyncContextEvent.getSuppliedResponse());
                             }
                             finally
@@ -496,14 +557,14 @@ public class ServletChannel
                         try
                         {
                             // Get ready to send an error response
-                            getResponse().resetContent();
+                            getServletContextResponse().resetContent();
 
                             // the following is needed as you cannot trust the response code and reason
                             // as those could have been modified after calling sendError
                             Integer code = (Integer)_servletContextRequest.getAttribute(RequestDispatcher.ERROR_STATUS_CODE);
                             if (code == null)
                                 code = HttpStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR_500;
-                            getResponse().setStatus(code);
+                            getServletContextResponse().setStatus(code);
 
                             // The handling of the original dispatch failed, and we are now going to either generate
                             // and error response ourselves or dispatch for an error page.  If there is content left over
@@ -511,13 +572,13 @@ public class ServletChannel
                             // Connection:close.  This can't be deferred to COMPLETE as the response will be committed
                             // by then.
                             if (!_httpInput.consumeAvailable())
-                                ResponseUtils.ensureNotPersistent(_servletContextRequest, _servletContextRequest.getResponse());
+                                ResponseUtils.ensureNotPersistent(_servletContextRequest, _servletContextRequest.getServletContextResponse());
 
                             ContextHandler.ScopedContext context = (ContextHandler.ScopedContext)_servletContextRequest.getAttribute(ErrorHandler.ERROR_CONTEXT);
                             Request.Handler errorHandler = ErrorHandler.getErrorHandler(getServer(), context == null ? null : context.getContextHandler());
 
                             // If we can't have a body or have no ErrorHandler, then create a minimal error response.
-                            if (HttpStatus.hasNoBody(getResponse().getStatus()) || errorHandler == null)
+                            if (HttpStatus.hasNoBody(getServletContextResponse().getStatus()) || errorHandler == null)
                             {
                                 sendResponseAndComplete();
                             }
@@ -530,7 +591,7 @@ public class ServletChannel
                                 {
                                     // We do not notify ServletRequestListener on this dispatch because it might not
                                     // be dispatched to an error page, so we delegate this responsibility to the ErrorHandler.
-                                    dispatch(() -> errorHandler.handle(_servletContextRequest, getResponse(), blocker));
+                                    dispatch(() -> errorHandler.handle(_servletContextRequest, getServletContextResponse(), blocker));
                                     blocker.block();
                                 }
                             }
@@ -551,7 +612,7 @@ public class ServletChannel
                             {
                                 try
                                 {
-                                    getResponse().resetContent();
+                                    getServletContextResponse().resetContent();
                                     sendResponseAndComplete();
                                 }
                                 catch (Throwable t)
@@ -589,7 +650,7 @@ public class ServletChannel
 
                     case COMPLETE:
                     {
-                        if (!getResponse().isCommitted())
+                        if (!getServletContextResponse().isCommitted())
                         {
                             /*
                             TODO: isHandled does not exist and HttpOutput might not be explicitly closed.
@@ -602,15 +663,15 @@ public class ServletChannel
                              */
 
                             // Indicate Connection:close if we can't consume all.
-                            if (getResponse().getStatus() >= 200)
-                                ResponseUtils.ensureConsumeAvailableOrNotPersistent(_servletContextRequest, _servletContextRequest.getResponse());
+                            if (getServletContextResponse().getStatus() >= 200)
+                                ResponseUtils.ensureConsumeAvailableOrNotPersistent(_servletContextRequest, _servletContextRequest.getServletContextResponse());
                         }
 
 
                         // RFC 7230, section 3.3.
                         if (!_servletContextRequest.isHead() &&
-                            getResponse().getStatus() != HttpStatus.NOT_MODIFIED_304 &&
-                            !getResponse().isContentComplete(_servletContextRequest.getHttpOutput().getWritten()))
+                            getServletContextResponse().getStatus() != HttpStatus.NOT_MODIFIED_304 &&
+                            getServletContextResponse().isContentIncomplete(_servletContextRequest.getHttpOutput().getWritten()))
                         {
                             if (sendErrorOrAbort("Insufficient content written"))
                                 break;
@@ -622,7 +683,7 @@ public class ServletChannel
                             break;
 
                         // Set a close callback on the HttpOutput to make it an async callback
-                        getResponse().completeOutput(Callback.from(NON_BLOCKING, () -> _state.completed(null), _state::completed));
+                        getServletContextResponse().completeOutput(Callback.from(NON_BLOCKING, () -> _state.completed(null), _state::completed));
 
                         break;
                     }
@@ -663,7 +724,7 @@ public class ServletChannel
                 return false;
             }
 
-            getResponse().getServletApiResponse().sendError(HttpStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR_500, message);
+            getServletContextResponse().getServletApiResponse().sendError(HttpStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR_500, message);
             return true;
         }
         catch (Throwable x)
@@ -676,22 +737,9 @@ public class ServletChannel
 
     private void dispatch(Dispatchable dispatchable) throws Exception
     {
-        try
-        {
-            _servletContextRequest.getResponse().getHttpOutput().reopen();
-            getHttpOutput().reopen();
-            _combinedListener.onBeforeDispatch(_servletContextRequest);
-            dispatchable.dispatch();
-        }
-        catch (Throwable x)
-        {
-            _combinedListener.onDispatchFailure(_servletContextRequest, x);
-            throw x;
-        }
-        finally
-        {
-            _combinedListener.onAfterDispatch(_servletContextRequest);
-        }
+        _servletContextRequest.getServletContextResponse().getHttpOutput().reopen();
+        getHttpOutput().reopen();
+        dispatchable.dispatch();
     }
 
     /**
@@ -771,7 +819,7 @@ public class ServletChannel
         try
         {
             _state.completing();
-            getResponse().write(true, getResponse().getHttpOutput().getByteBuffer(), Callback.from(() -> _state.completed(null), _state::completed));
+            getServletContextResponse().write(true, getServletContextResponse().getHttpOutput().getByteBuffer(), Callback.from(() -> _state.completed(null), _state::completed));
         }
         catch (Throwable x)
         {
@@ -824,7 +872,6 @@ public class ServletChannel
     void onTrailers(HttpFields trailers)
     {
         _servletContextRequest.setTrailers(trailers);
-        _combinedListener.onRequestTrailers(_servletContextRequest);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -851,10 +898,7 @@ public class ServletChannel
         // Recycle always done here even if an abort is called.
         recycle();
         if (_state.completeResponse())
-        {
-            _combinedListener.onComplete(servletContextRequest);
             callback.succeeded();
-        }
     }
 
     public boolean isCommitted()
@@ -880,7 +924,7 @@ public class ServletChannel
 
     protected void execute(Runnable task)
     {
-        _executor.execute(task);
+        _context.execute(task);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -897,9 +941,7 @@ public class ServletChannel
         {
             if (LOG.isDebugEnabled())
                 LOG.debug("abort {}", this, failure);
-            Callback callback = _callback;
-            _combinedListener.onResponseFailure(_servletContextRequest, failure);
-            callback.failed(failure);
+            _callback.failed(failure);
         }
     }
 
@@ -907,320 +949,4 @@ public class ServletChannel
     {
         void dispatch() throws Exception;
     }
-
-    /**
-     * <p>Listener for Channel events.</p>
-     * <p>HttpChannel will emit events for the various phases it goes through while
-     * processing an HTTP request and response.</p>
-     * <p>Implementations of this interface may listen to those events to track
-     * timing and/or other values such as request URI, etc.</p>
-     * <p>The events parameters, especially the {@link Request} object, may be
-     * in a transient state depending on the event, and not all properties/features
-     * of the parameters may be available inside a listener method.</p>
-     * <p>It is recommended that the event parameters are <em>not</em> acted upon
-     * in the listener methods, or undefined behavior may result. For example, it
-     * would be a bad idea to try to read some content from the
-     * {@link jakarta.servlet.ServletInputStream} in listener methods. On the other
-     * hand, it is legit to store request attributes in one listener method that
-     * may be possibly retrieved in another listener method in a later event.</p>
-     * <p>Listener methods are invoked synchronously from the thread that is
-     * performing the request processing, and they should not call blocking code
-     * (otherwise the request processing will be blocked as well).</p>
-     * <p>Listener instances that are set as a bean on the {@link Connector} are
-     * also added.  If additional listeners are added
-     * using the deprecated {@code HttpChannel#addListener(Listener)}</p> method,
-     * then an instance of {@code TransientListeners} must be added to the connector
-     * in order for them to be invoked.
-     */
-    // TODO: looks like a lot of these methods are never called.
-    public interface Listener extends EventListener
-    {
-        /**
-         * Invoked just after the HTTP request line and headers have been parsed.
-         *
-         * @param request the request object
-         */
-        default void onRequestBegin(Request request)
-        {
-        }
-
-        /**
-         * Invoked just before calling the application.
-         *
-         * @param request the request object
-         */
-        default void onBeforeDispatch(Request request)
-        {
-        }
-
-        /**
-         * Invoked when the application threw an exception.
-         *
-         * @param request the request object
-         * @param failure the exception thrown by the application
-         */
-        default void onDispatchFailure(Request request, Throwable failure)
-        {
-        }
-
-        /**
-         * Invoked just after the application returns from the first invocation.
-         *
-         * @param request the request object
-         */
-        default void onAfterDispatch(Request request)
-        {
-        }
-
-        /**
-         * Invoked every time a request content chunk has been parsed, just before
-         * making it available to the application.
-         *
-         * @param request the request object
-         * @param content a {@link ByteBuffer#slice() slice} of the request content chunk
-         */
-        default void onRequestContent(Request request, ByteBuffer content)
-        {
-        }
-
-        /**
-         * Invoked when the end of the request content is detected.
-         *
-         * @param request the request object
-         */
-        default void onRequestContentEnd(Request request)
-        {
-        }
-
-        /**
-         * Invoked when the request trailers have been parsed.
-         *
-         * @param request the request object
-         */
-        default void onRequestTrailers(Request request)
-        {
-        }
-
-        /**
-         * Invoked when the request has been fully parsed.
-         *
-         * @param request the request object
-         */
-        default void onRequestEnd(Request request)
-        {
-        }
-
-        /**
-         * Invoked when the request processing failed.
-         *
-         * @param request the request object
-         * @param failure the request failure
-         */
-        default void onRequestFailure(Request request, Throwable failure)
-        {
-        }
-
-        /**
-         * Invoked just before the response line is written to the network.
-         *
-         * @param request the request object
-         */
-        default void onResponseBegin(Request request)
-        {
-        }
-
-        /**
-         * Invoked just after the response is committed (that is, the response
-         * line, headers and possibly some content have been written to the
-         * network).
-         *
-         * @param request the request object
-         */
-        default void onResponseCommit(Request request)
-        {
-        }
-
-        /**
-         * Invoked after a response content chunk has been written to the network.
-         *
-         * @param request the request object
-         * @param content a {@link ByteBuffer#slice() slice} of the response content chunk
-         */
-        default void onResponseContent(Request request, ByteBuffer content)
-        {
-        }
-
-        /**
-         * Invoked when the response has been fully written.
-         *
-         * @param request the request object
-         */
-        default void onResponseEnd(Request request)
-        {
-        }
-
-        /**
-         * Invoked when the response processing failed.
-         *
-         * @param request the request object
-         * @param failure the response failure
-         */
-        default void onResponseFailure(Request request, Throwable failure)
-        {
-        }
-
-        /**
-         * Invoked when the request <em>and</em> response processing are complete.
-         *
-         * @param request the request object
-         */
-        default void onComplete(Request request)
-        {
-        }
-    }
-
-    private static class Listeners implements Listener
-    {
-        private final List<Listener> _listeners;
-
-        private Listeners(Connector connector, ServletContextHandler servletContextHandler)
-        {
-            Collection<Listener> connectorListeners = connector.getBeans(Listener.class);
-            List<Listener> handlerListeners = servletContextHandler.getEventListeners().stream()
-                .filter(l -> l instanceof Listener)
-                .map(Listener.class::cast)
-                .toList();
-            _listeners = new ArrayList<>(connectorListeners);
-            _listeners.addAll(handlerListeners);
-        }
-
-        @Override
-        public void onRequestBegin(Request request)
-        {
-            _listeners.forEach(l -> notify(l::onRequestBegin, request));
-        }
-
-        @Override
-        public void onBeforeDispatch(Request request)
-        {
-            _listeners.forEach(l -> notify(l::onBeforeDispatch, request));
-        }
-
-        @Override
-        public void onDispatchFailure(Request request, Throwable failure)
-        {
-            _listeners.forEach(l -> notify(l::onDispatchFailure, request, failure));
-        }
-
-        @Override
-        public void onAfterDispatch(Request request)
-        {
-            _listeners.forEach(l -> notify(l::onAfterDispatch, request));
-        }
-
-        @Override
-        public void onRequestContent(Request request, ByteBuffer content)
-        {
-            _listeners.forEach(l -> notify(l::onRequestContent, request, content));
-        }
-
-        @Override
-        public void onRequestContentEnd(Request request)
-        {
-            _listeners.forEach(l -> notify(l::onRequestContentEnd, request));
-        }
-
-        @Override
-        public void onRequestTrailers(Request request)
-        {
-            _listeners.forEach(l -> notify(l::onRequestTrailers, request));
-        }
-
-        @Override
-        public void onRequestEnd(Request request)
-        {
-            _listeners.forEach(l -> notify(l::onRequestEnd, request));
-        }
-
-        @Override
-        public void onRequestFailure(Request request, Throwable failure)
-        {
-            _listeners.forEach(l -> notify(l::onRequestFailure, request, failure));
-        }
-
-        @Override
-        public void onResponseBegin(Request request)
-        {
-            _listeners.forEach(l -> notify(l::onResponseBegin, request));
-        }
-
-        @Override
-        public void onResponseCommit(Request request)
-        {
-            _listeners.forEach(l -> notify(l::onResponseCommit, request));
-        }
-
-        @Override
-        public void onResponseContent(Request request, ByteBuffer content)
-        {
-            _listeners.forEach(l -> notify(l::onResponseContent, request, content));
-        }
-
-        @Override
-        public void onResponseEnd(Request request)
-        {
-            _listeners.forEach(l -> notify(l::onResponseEnd, request));
-        }
-
-        @Override
-        public void onResponseFailure(Request request, Throwable failure)
-        {
-            _listeners.forEach(l -> notify(l::onResponseFailure, request, failure));
-        }
-
-        @Override
-        public void onComplete(Request request)
-        {
-            _listeners.forEach(l -> notify(l::onComplete, request));
-        }
-
-        private void notify(Consumer<Request> consumer, Request request)
-        {
-            try
-            {
-                consumer.accept(request);
-            }
-            catch (Throwable x)
-            {
-                if (LOG.isDebugEnabled())
-                    LOG.debug("failure while notifying %s event for %s".formatted(ServletChannel.Listener.class.getSimpleName(), request));
-            }
-        }
-
-        private void notify(BiConsumer<Request, Throwable> consumer, Request request, Throwable failure)
-        {
-            try
-            {
-                consumer.accept(request, failure);
-            }
-            catch (Throwable x)
-            {
-                if (LOG.isDebugEnabled())
-                    LOG.debug("failure while notifying %s event for %s".formatted(ServletChannel.Listener.class.getSimpleName(), request));
-            }
-        }
-
-        private void notify(BiConsumer<Request, ByteBuffer> consumer, Request request, ByteBuffer byteBuffer)
-        {
-            try
-            {
-                consumer.accept(request, byteBuffer.slice());
-            }
-            catch (Throwable x)
-            {
-                if (LOG.isDebugEnabled())
-                    LOG.debug("failure while notifying %s event for %s".formatted(ServletChannel.Listener.class.getSimpleName(), request));
-            }
-        }
-    }
 }

jetty-ee10/jetty-ee10-servlet/src/main/java/org/eclipse/jetty/ee10/servlet/ServletContextHandler.java

@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ import java.io.InputStream;
 import java.net.MalformedURLException;
 import java.net.URI;
 import java.net.URL;
+import java.nio.charset.Charset;
 import java.nio.file.Path;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.Arrays;
@@ -35,6 +36,7 @@ import java.util.Objects;
 import java.util.Set;
 import java.util.concurrent.CopyOnWriteArrayList;
 import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+import java.util.function.Supplier;
 
 import jakarta.servlet.DispatcherType;
 import jakarta.servlet.Filter;
@@ -42,7 +44,6 @@ import jakarta.servlet.FilterRegistration;
 import jakarta.servlet.RequestDispatcher;
 import jakarta.servlet.Servlet;
 import jakarta.servlet.ServletContainerInitializer;
-import jakarta.servlet.ServletContext;
 import jakarta.servlet.ServletContextAttributeEvent;
 import jakarta.servlet.ServletContextAttributeListener;
 import jakarta.servlet.ServletContextEvent;
@@ -66,9 +67,12 @@ import jakarta.servlet.http.HttpSessionAttributeListener;
 import jakarta.servlet.http.HttpSessionBindingListener;
 import jakarta.servlet.http.HttpSessionIdListener;
 import jakarta.servlet.http.HttpSessionListener;
+import org.eclipse.jetty.ee10.servlet.ServletContextResponse.EncodingFrom;
+import org.eclipse.jetty.ee10.servlet.ServletContextResponse.OutputType;
 import org.eclipse.jetty.ee10.servlet.security.ConstraintAware;
 import org.eclipse.jetty.ee10.servlet.security.ConstraintMapping;
 import org.eclipse.jetty.ee10.servlet.security.ConstraintSecurityHandler;
+import org.eclipse.jetty.ee10.servlet.writer.ResponseWriter;
 import org.eclipse.jetty.http.HttpURI;
 import org.eclipse.jetty.http.pathmap.MatchedResource;
 import org.eclipse.jetty.security.SecurityHandler;
@@ -80,6 +84,9 @@ import org.eclipse.jetty.server.handler.ContextHandler;
 import org.eclipse.jetty.server.handler.ContextHandlerCollection;
 import org.eclipse.jetty.server.handler.ContextRequest;
 import org.eclipse.jetty.server.handler.ContextResponse;
+import org.eclipse.jetty.session.AbstractSessionManager;
+import org.eclipse.jetty.session.ManagedSession;
+import org.eclipse.jetty.session.SessionManager;
 import org.eclipse.jetty.util.Attributes;
 import org.eclipse.jetty.util.Callback;
 import org.eclipse.jetty.util.DecoratedObjectFactory;
@@ -116,7 +123,7 @@ import static jakarta.servlet.ServletContext.TEMPDIR;
  * </pre>
  * <p>
  * This class should have been called ServletContext, but this would have
- * cause confusion with {@link ServletContext}.
+ * cause confusion with {@link jakarta.servlet.ServletContext}.
  */
 @ManagedObject("Servlet Context Handler")
 public class ServletContextHandler extends ContextHandler
@@ -153,26 +160,30 @@ public class ServletContextHandler extends ContextHandler
         DESTROYED
     }
 
-    public static ServletContextHandler getServletContextHandler(ServletContext servletContext, String purpose)
+    public static ServletContextHandler getServletContextHandler(jakarta.servlet.ServletContext servletContext, String purpose)
     {
         if (servletContext instanceof ServletContextApi servletContextApi)
             return servletContextApi.getContext().getServletContextHandler();
+        ServletContextHandler sch = getCurrentServletContextHandler();
+        if (sch != null)
+            return sch;
         throw new IllegalStateException("No Jetty ServletContextHandler, " + purpose + " unavailable");
     }
 
-    public static ServletContextHandler getServletContextHandler(ServletContext servletContext)
+    public static ServletContextHandler getServletContextHandler(jakarta.servlet.ServletContext servletContext)
     {
         if (servletContext instanceof ServletContextApi)
             return ((ServletContextApi)servletContext).getContext().getServletContextHandler();
-        return null;
+
+        return getCurrentServletContextHandler();
     }
 
-    public static ServletContext getCurrentServletContext()
+    public static jakarta.servlet.ServletContext getCurrentServletContext()
     {
         return getServletContext(ContextHandler.getCurrentContext());
     }
 
-    public static ServletContext getServletContext(Context context)
+    public static jakarta.servlet.ServletContext getServletContext(Context context)
     {
         if (context instanceof ServletScopedContext)
             return ((ServletScopedContext)context).getServletContext();
@@ -199,7 +210,6 @@ public class ServletContextHandler extends ContextHandler
     private Map<String, String> _localeEncodingMap;
     private String[] _welcomeFiles;
     private Logger _logger;
-    protected boolean _allowNullPathInfo;
     private int _maxFormKeys = Integer.getInteger(MAX_FORM_KEYS_KEY, DEFAULT_MAX_FORM_KEYS);
     private int _maxFormContentSize = Integer.getInteger(MAX_FORM_CONTENT_SIZE_KEY, DEFAULT_MAX_FORM_CONTENT_SIZE);
     private boolean _usingSecurityManager = getSecurityManager() != null;
@@ -230,46 +240,40 @@ public class ServletContextHandler extends ContextHandler
 
     public ServletContextHandler(String contextPath)
     {
-        this(null, contextPath);
+        this(contextPath, null, null, null, null);
     }
 
     public ServletContextHandler(int options)
     {
-        this(null, null, options);
+        this(null, options);
     }
 
-    public ServletContextHandler(Container parent, String contextPath)
+    public ServletContextHandler(String contextPath, int options)
     {
-        this(parent, contextPath, null, null, null, null);
+        this(contextPath, null, null, null, null, options);
     }
 
-    public ServletContextHandler(Container parent, String contextPath, int options)
+    public ServletContextHandler(String contextPath, boolean sessions, boolean security)
     {
-        this(parent, contextPath, null, null, null, null, options);
+        this(contextPath, (sessions ? SESSIONS : 0) | (security ? SECURITY : 0));
     }
 
-    public ServletContextHandler(Container parent, String contextPath, boolean sessions, boolean security)
+    public ServletContextHandler(SessionHandler sessionHandler, SecurityHandler securityHandler, ServletHandler servletHandler, ErrorHandler errorHandler)
     {
-        this(parent, contextPath, (sessions ? SESSIONS : 0) | (security ? SECURITY : 0));
+        this(null, sessionHandler, securityHandler, servletHandler, errorHandler);
     }
 
-    public ServletContextHandler(Container parent, SessionHandler sessionHandler, SecurityHandler securityHandler, ServletHandler servletHandler, ErrorHandler errorHandler)
+    public ServletContextHandler(String contextPath, SessionHandler sessionHandler, SecurityHandler securityHandler, ServletHandler servletHandler, ErrorHandler errorHandler)
     {
-        this(parent, null, sessionHandler, securityHandler, servletHandler, errorHandler);
+        this(contextPath, sessionHandler, securityHandler, servletHandler, errorHandler, 0);
     }
 
-    public ServletContextHandler(Container parent, String contextPath, SessionHandler sessionHandler, SecurityHandler securityHandler, ServletHandler servletHandler, ErrorHandler errorHandler)
-    {
-        this(parent, contextPath, sessionHandler, securityHandler, servletHandler, errorHandler, 0);
-    }
-
-    public ServletContextHandler(Container parent, String contextPath, SessionHandler sessionHandler, SecurityHandler securityHandler, ServletHandler servletHandler, ErrorHandler errorHandler, int options)
+    public ServletContextHandler(String contextPath, SessionHandler sessionHandler, SecurityHandler securityHandler, ServletHandler servletHandler, ErrorHandler errorHandler, int options)
     {
         _servletContext = newServletContextApi();
 
         if (contextPath != null)
             setContextPath(contextPath);
-        Container.setAsParent(parent, this);
 
         _options = options;
         _sessionHandler = sessionHandler;
@@ -335,7 +339,7 @@ public class ServletContextHandler extends ContextHandler
 
     /**
      * Get the context path in a form suitable to be returned from {@link HttpServletRequest#getContextPath()}
-     * or {@link ServletContext#getContextPath()}.
+     * or {@link jakarta.servlet.ServletContext#getContextPath()}.
      *
      * @return Returns the encoded contextPath, or empty string for root context
      */
@@ -840,7 +844,7 @@ public class ServletContextHandler extends ContextHandler
         void exitScope(ServletScopedContext context, ServletContextRequest request);
     }
 
-    public ServletContext getServletContext()
+    public jakarta.servlet.ServletContext getServletContext()
     {
         return getContext().getServletContext();
     }
@@ -1135,8 +1139,13 @@ public class ServletContextHandler extends ContextHandler
 
         // Get a servlet request, possibly from a cached version in the channel attributes.
         Attributes cache = request.getComponents().getCache();
-        ServletChannel servletChannel = (ServletChannel)cache.getAttribute(ServletChannel.class.getName());
-        if (servletChannel == null || servletChannel.getContext() != getContext())
+        Object cachedChannel = cache.getAttribute(ServletChannel.class.getName());
+        ServletChannel servletChannel;
+        if (cachedChannel instanceof ServletChannel sc && sc.getContext() == getContext())
+        {
+            servletChannel = sc;
+        }
+        else
         {
             servletChannel = new ServletChannel(this, request);
             cache.setAttribute(ServletChannel.class.getName(), servletChannel);
@@ -1151,16 +1160,15 @@ public class ServletContextHandler extends ContextHandler
     protected ContextResponse wrapResponse(ContextRequest request, Response response)
     {
         if (request instanceof ServletContextRequest servletContextRequest)
-            return servletContextRequest.getResponse();
+            return servletContextRequest.getServletContextResponse();
         throw new IllegalArgumentException();
     }
 
     @Override
     protected boolean handleByContextHandler(String pathInContext, ContextRequest request, Response response, Callback callback)
     {
-        ServletContextRequest scopedRequest = Request.as(request, ServletContextRequest.class);
-        DispatcherType dispatch = scopedRequest.getServletApiRequest().getDispatcherType();
-        if (dispatch == DispatcherType.REQUEST && isProtectedTarget(scopedRequest.getDecodedPathInContext()))
+        boolean initialDispatch = request instanceof ServletContextRequest;
+        if (initialDispatch && isProtectedTarget(pathInContext))
         {
             Response.writeError(request, response, callback, HttpServletResponse.SC_NOT_FOUND, null);
             return true;
@@ -2029,7 +2037,7 @@ public class ServletContextHandler extends ContextHandler
         }
     }
 
-    public class ServletContextApi implements ServletContext
+    public class ServletContextApi implements jakarta.servlet.ServletContext
     {
         public static final int SERVLET_MAJOR_VERSION = 6;
         public static final int SERVLET_MINOR_VERSION = 0;
@@ -2691,7 +2699,7 @@ public class ServletContextHandler extends ContextHandler
         }
 
         @Override
-        public ServletContext getContext(String uripath)
+        public jakarta.servlet.ServletContext getContext(String uripath)
         {
             //TODO jetty-12 does not currently support cross context dispatch
             return null;
@@ -3029,4 +3037,81 @@ public class ServletContextHandler extends ContextHandler
             super.doStop();
         }
     }
+
+    /**
+     * The interface used by {@link ServletApiRequest} to access the {@link ServletContextRequest} without
+     * access to the unwrapped {@link Request} methods.
+     */
+    public interface ServletRequestInfo
+    {
+        String getDecodedPathInContext();
+
+        ManagedSession getManagedSession();
+
+        Charset getQueryEncoding();
+
+        default Request getRequest()
+        {
+            return getServletChannel().getRequest();
+        }
+
+        List<ServletRequestAttributeListener> getRequestAttributeListeners();
+
+        ServletScopedContext getServletContext();
+
+        HttpInput getHttpInput();
+        
+        MatchedResource<ServletHandler.MappedServlet> getMatchedResource();
+
+        AbstractSessionManager.RequestedSession getRequestedSession();
+
+        ServletChannel getServletChannel();
+
+        ServletContextHandler getServletContextHandler();
+
+        ServletRequestState getServletRequestState();
+
+        SessionManager getSessionManager();
+
+        ServletRequestState getState();
+
+        void setQueryEncoding(String s);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * The interface used by {@link ServletApiResponse} to access the {@link ServletContextResponse} without
+     * access to the unwrapped {@link Response} methods.
+     */
+    public interface ServletResponseInfo
+    {
+        String getCharacterEncoding(boolean setContentType);
+
+        String getCharacterEncoding();
+
+        String getContentType();
+
+        EncodingFrom getEncodingFrom();
+
+        Locale getLocale();
+
+        OutputType getOutputType();
+
+        Response getResponse();
+
+        Supplier<Map<String, String>> getTrailers();
+
+        ResponseWriter getWriter();
+
+        boolean isWriting();
+
+        void setCharacterEncoding(String encoding, EncodingFrom encodingFrom);
+
+        void setLocale(Locale locale);
+
+        void setOutputType(OutputType outputType);
+
+        void setTrailers(Supplier<Map<String, String>> trailers);
+
+        void setWriter(ResponseWriter responseWriter);
+    }
 }

jetty-ee10/jetty-ee10-servlet/src/main/java/org/eclipse/jetty/ee10/servlet/ServletContextRequest.java

@@ -31,9 +31,7 @@ import org.eclipse.jetty.http.HttpCookie;
 import org.eclipse.jetty.http.HttpFields;
 import org.eclipse.jetty.http.HttpMethod;
 import org.eclipse.jetty.http.UriCompliance;
-import org.eclipse.jetty.http.pathmap.MatchedPath;
 import org.eclipse.jetty.http.pathmap.MatchedResource;
-import org.eclipse.jetty.http.pathmap.PathSpec;
 import org.eclipse.jetty.server.Request;
 import org.eclipse.jetty.server.Response;
 import org.eclipse.jetty.server.SecureRequestCustomizer;
@@ -45,7 +43,16 @@ import org.eclipse.jetty.session.ManagedSession;
 import org.eclipse.jetty.session.SessionManager;
 import org.eclipse.jetty.util.Fields;
 
-public class ServletContextRequest extends ContextRequest
+/**
+ * A core request wrapper that carries the servlet related request state,
+ * which may be used directly by the associated {@link ServletApiRequest}.
+ * Non-servlet related state, is used indirectly via {@link ServletChannel#getRequest()}
+ * which may be a wrapper of this request.
+ * <p>
+ * This class is single use only.
+ * </p>
+ */
+public class ServletContextRequest extends ContextRequest implements ServletContextHandler.ServletRequestInfo
 {
     public static final String MULTIPART_CONFIG_ELEMENT = "org.eclipse.jetty.multipartConfig";
     static final int INPUT_NONE = 0;
@@ -57,20 +64,21 @@ public class ServletContextRequest extends ContextRequest
 
     public static ServletContextRequest getServletContextRequest(ServletRequest request)
     {
-        if (request instanceof ServletApiRequest)
-            return ((ServletApiRequest)request).getServletContextRequest();
+        if (request instanceof ServletApiRequest servletApiRequest &&
+            servletApiRequest.getServletRequestInfo() instanceof ServletContextRequest servletContextRequest)
+            return servletContextRequest;
 
-        Object channel = request.getAttribute(ServletChannel.class.getName());
-        if (channel instanceof ServletChannel)
-            return ((ServletChannel)channel).getServletContextRequest();
+        if (request.getAttribute(ServletChannel.class.getName()) instanceof ServletChannel servletChannel)
+            return servletChannel.getServletContextRequest();
 
-        while (request instanceof ServletRequestWrapper)
+        while (request instanceof ServletRequestWrapper wrapper)
         {
-            request = ((ServletRequestWrapper)request).getRequest();
-        }
+            request = wrapper.getRequest();
 
-        if (request instanceof ServletApiRequest)
-            return ((ServletApiRequest)request).getServletContextRequest();
+            if (request instanceof ServletApiRequest servletApiRequest &&
+                servletApiRequest.getServletRequestInfo() instanceof  ServletContextRequest servletContextRequest)
+                return servletContextRequest;
+        }
 
         throw new IllegalStateException("could not find %s for %s".formatted(ServletContextRequest.class.getSimpleName(), request));
     }
@@ -78,13 +86,11 @@ public class ServletContextRequest extends ContextRequest
     private final List<ServletRequestAttributeListener> _requestAttributeListeners = new ArrayList<>();
     private final ServletApiRequest _servletApiRequest;
     private final ServletContextResponse _response;
-    final ServletHandler.MappedServlet _mappedServlet;
+    private final MatchedResource<ServletHandler.MappedServlet> _matchedResource;
     private final HttpInput _httpInput;
     private final String _decodedPathInContext;
     private final ServletChannel _servletChannel;
-    private final PathSpec _pathSpec;
     private final SessionManager _sessionManager;
-    final MatchedPath _matchedPath;
     private Charset _queryEncoding;
     private HttpFields _trailers;
     private ManagedSession _managedSession;
@@ -102,11 +108,9 @@ public class ServletContextRequest extends ContextRequest
         super(servletContextApi.getContext(), request);
         _servletChannel = servletChannel;
         _servletApiRequest = newServletApiRequest();
-        _mappedServlet = matchedResource.getResource();
+        _matchedResource = matchedResource;
         _httpInput = _servletChannel.getHttpInput();
         _decodedPathInContext = decodedPathInContext;
-        _pathSpec = matchedResource.getPathSpec();
-        _matchedPath = matchedResource.getMatchedPath();
         _response =  newServletContextResponse(response);
         _sessionManager = sessionManager;
         addIdleTimeoutListener(this::onIdleTimeout);
@@ -114,7 +118,7 @@ public class ServletContextRequest extends ContextRequest
 
     protected ServletApiRequest newServletApiRequest()
     {
-        if (getHttpURI().hasViolations() && !getServletChannel().getContextHandler().getServletHandler().isDecodeAmbiguousURIs())
+        if (getHttpURI().hasViolations() && !getServletChannel().getServletContextHandler().getServletHandler().isDecodeAmbiguousURIs())
         {
             // TODO we should check if current compliance mode allows all the violations?
 
@@ -135,22 +139,25 @@ public class ServletContextRequest extends ContextRequest
 
     private boolean onIdleTimeout(TimeoutException timeout)
     {
-        return _servletChannel.getState().onIdleTimeout(timeout);
+        return _servletChannel.getServletRequestState().onIdleTimeout(timeout);
     }
 
+    @Override
+    public ServletContextHandler getServletContextHandler()
+    {
+        return _servletChannel.getServletContextHandler();
+    }
+
+    @Override
     public String getDecodedPathInContext()
     {
         return _decodedPathInContext;
     }
 
-    public PathSpec getPathSpec()
+    @Override
+    public MatchedResource<ServletHandler.MappedServlet> getMatchedResource()
     {
-        return _pathSpec;
-    }
-
-    public MatchedPath getMatchedPath()
-    {
-        return _matchedPath;
+        return _matchedResource;
     }
 
     @Override
@@ -164,22 +171,24 @@ public class ServletContextRequest extends ContextRequest
         _trailers = trailers;
     }
 
+    @Override
     public ServletRequestState getState()
     {
-        return _servletChannel.getState();
+        return _servletChannel.getServletRequestState();
     }
 
-    public ServletContextResponse getResponse()
+    public ServletContextResponse getServletContextResponse()
     {
         return _response;
     }
 
     @Override
-    public ServletContextHandler.ServletScopedContext getContext()
+    public ServletContextHandler.ServletScopedContext getServletContext()
     {
         return (ServletContextHandler.ServletScopedContext)super.getContext();
     }
 
+    @Override
     public HttpInput getHttpInput()
     {
         return _httpInput;
@@ -204,16 +213,18 @@ public class ServletContextRequest extends ContextRequest
     /**
      * Set the character encoding used for the query string. This call will effect the return of getQueryString and getParamaters. It must be called before any
      * getParameter methods.
-     *
+     * <p>
      * The request attribute "org.eclipse.jetty.server.Request.queryEncoding" may be set as an alternate method of calling setQueryEncoding.
      *
      * @param queryEncoding the URI query character encoding
      */
+    @Override
     public void setQueryEncoding(String queryEncoding)
     {
         _queryEncoding = Charset.forName(queryEncoding);
     }
 
+    @Override
     public Charset getQueryEncoding()
     {
         return _queryEncoding;
@@ -248,8 +259,9 @@ public class ServletContextRequest extends ContextRequest
     }
 
     /**
-     * @return The current {@link ContextHandler.ScopedContext context} used for this error handling for this request.  If the request is asynchronous,
-     * then it is the context that called async. Otherwise it is the last non-null context passed to #setContext
+     * @return The current {@link ContextHandler.ScopedContext context} used for this error handling for this request.
+     * If the request is asynchronous, then it is the context that called async. Otherwise, it is the last non-null
+     * context passed to #setContext
      */
     public ServletContextHandler.ServletScopedContext getErrorContext()
     {
@@ -257,12 +269,14 @@ public class ServletContextRequest extends ContextRequest
         return _servletChannel.getContext();
     }
 
-    ServletRequestState getServletRequestState()
+    @Override
+    public ServletRequestState getServletRequestState()
     {
-        return _servletChannel.getState();
+        return _servletChannel.getServletRequestState();
     }
 
-    ServletChannel getServletChannel()
+    @Override
+    public ServletChannel getServletChannel()
     {
         return _servletChannel;
     }
@@ -274,19 +288,15 @@ public class ServletContextRequest extends ContextRequest
 
     public HttpServletResponse getHttpServletResponse()
     {
-        return _response.getHttpServletResponse();
-    }
-
-    public ServletHandler.MappedServlet getMappedServlet()
-    {
-        return _mappedServlet;
+        return _response.getServletApiResponse();
     }
 
     public String getServletName()
     {
-        return _mappedServlet.getServletHolder().getName();
+        return getMatchedResource().getResource().getServletHolder().getName();
     }
 
+    @Override
     public List<ServletRequestAttributeListener> getRequestAttributeListeners()
     {
         return _requestAttributeListeners;
@@ -318,6 +328,7 @@ public class ServletContextRequest extends ContextRequest
         return isNoParams;
     }
 
+    @Override
     public ManagedSession getManagedSession()
     {
         return _managedSession;
@@ -328,6 +339,7 @@ public class ServletContextRequest extends ContextRequest
         _managedSession = managedSession;
     }
 
+    @Override
     public SessionManager getSessionManager()
     {
         return _sessionManager;
@@ -341,6 +353,7 @@ public class ServletContextRequest extends ContextRequest
         _managedSession = requestedSession.session();
     }
 
+    @Override
     public AbstractSessionManager.RequestedSession getRequestedSession()
     {
         return _requestedSession;

jetty-ee10/jetty-ee10-servlet/src/main/java/org/eclipse/jetty/ee10/servlet/ServletContextResponse.java

@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@ import jakarta.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
 import jakarta.servlet.http.HttpSession;
 import org.eclipse.jetty.ee10.servlet.writer.ResponseWriter;
 import org.eclipse.jetty.http.HttpCookie;
+import org.eclipse.jetty.http.HttpField;
 import org.eclipse.jetty.http.HttpFields;
 import org.eclipse.jetty.http.HttpGenerator;
 import org.eclipse.jetty.http.HttpHeader;
@@ -39,16 +40,22 @@ import org.eclipse.jetty.session.ManagedSession;
 import org.eclipse.jetty.util.Callback;
 import org.eclipse.jetty.util.StringUtil;
 
-public class ServletContextResponse extends ContextResponse
+/**
+ * A core response wrapper that carries the servlet related response state,
+ * which may be used directly by the associated {@link ServletApiResponse}.
+ * Non servlet related state, is used indirectly via {@link ServletChannel#getResponse()}
+ * which may be a wrapper of this response.
+ */
+public class ServletContextResponse extends ContextResponse implements ServletContextHandler.ServletResponseInfo
 {
     protected enum OutputType
     {
         NONE, STREAM, WRITER
     }
 
-    private final HttpOutput _httpOutput;
     private final ServletChannel _servletChannel;
-    private final ServletApiResponse _httpServletResponse;
+    private final ServletApiResponse _servletApiResponse;
+    private final HttpFields.Mutable.Wrapper _headers;
     private String _characterEncoding;
     private String _contentType;
     private MimeTypes.Type _mimeType;
@@ -61,49 +68,59 @@ public class ServletContextResponse extends ContextResponse
 
     public static ServletContextResponse getServletContextResponse(ServletResponse response)
     {
-        if (response instanceof ServletApiResponse)
-            return ((ServletApiResponse)response).getResponse();
+        if (response instanceof ServletApiResponse servletApiResponse)
+            return servletApiResponse.getServletRequestInfo().getServletChannel().getServletContextResponse();
 
         while (response instanceof ServletResponseWrapper)
         {
             response = ((ServletResponseWrapper)response).getResponse();
+            if (response instanceof ServletApiResponse servletApiResponse)
+                return servletApiResponse.getServletRequestInfo().getServletChannel().getServletContextResponse();
         }
 
-        if (response instanceof ServletApiResponse)
-            return ((ServletApiResponse)response).getResponse();
-
         throw new IllegalStateException("could not find %s for %s".formatted(ServletContextResponse.class.getSimpleName(), response));
     }
 
     public ServletContextResponse(ServletChannel servletChannel, ServletContextRequest request, Response response)
     {
         super(servletChannel.getContext(), request, response);
-        _httpOutput = new HttpOutput(response, servletChannel);
         _servletChannel = servletChannel;
-        _httpServletResponse = newServletApiResponse();
+        _servletApiResponse = newServletApiResponse();
+        _headers = new HttpFieldsWrapper(response.getHeaders());
     }
 
-    protected ResponseWriter getWriter()
+    @Override
+    public Response getResponse()
+    {
+        return _servletChannel.getResponse();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public ResponseWriter getWriter()
     {
         return _writer;
     }
 
-    protected void setWriter(ResponseWriter writer)
+    @Override
+    public void setWriter(ResponseWriter writer)
     {
         _writer = writer;
     }
 
-    protected Locale getLocale()
+    @Override
+    public Locale getLocale()
     {
         return _locale;
     }
 
-    protected void setLocale(Locale locale)
+    @Override
+    public void setLocale(Locale locale)
     {
         _locale = locale;
     }
 
-    protected EncodingFrom getEncodingFrom()
+    @Override
+    public EncodingFrom getEncodingFrom()
     {
         return _encodingFrom;
     }
@@ -113,47 +130,38 @@ public class ServletContextResponse extends ContextResponse
         return _mimeType;
     }
 
-    protected void setMimeType(MimeTypes.Type mimeType)
-    {
-        this._mimeType = mimeType;
-    }
-
-    protected Supplier<Map<String, String>> getTrailers()
+    @Override
+    public Supplier<Map<String, String>> getTrailers()
     {
         return _trailers;
     }
 
+    @Override
     public void setTrailers(Supplier<Map<String, String>> trailers)
     {
         this._trailers = trailers;
     }
 
-    protected void setContentType(String contentType)
-    {
-        this._contentType = contentType;
-    }
-
-    protected String getCharacterEncoding()
+    @Override
+    public String getCharacterEncoding()
     {
         return _characterEncoding;
     }
 
-    protected void setCharacterEncoding(String value)
-    {
-        _characterEncoding = value;
-    }
-
-    protected void setOutputType(OutputType outputType)
+    @Override
+    public void setOutputType(OutputType outputType)
     {
         _outputType = outputType;
     }
 
-    protected String getContentType()
+    @Override
+    public String getContentType()
     {
         return _contentType;
     }
 
-    protected OutputType getOutputType()
+    @Override
+    public OutputType getOutputType()
     {
         return _outputType;
     }
@@ -170,27 +178,22 @@ public class ServletContextResponse extends ContextResponse
 
     public HttpOutput getHttpOutput()
     {
-        return _httpOutput;
+        return _servletChannel.getHttpOutput();
     }
 
-    public ServletRequestState getState()
+    public ServletRequestState getServletRequestState()
     {
-        return _servletChannel.getState();
+        return _servletChannel.getServletRequestState();
     }
 
-    public HttpServletResponse getHttpServletResponse()
-    {
-        return _httpServletResponse;
-    }
-    
     public ServletApiResponse getServletApiResponse()
     {
-        return _httpServletResponse;
+        return _servletApiResponse;
     }
 
     public void resetForForward()
     {
-        _httpServletResponse.resetBuffer();
+        _servletApiResponse.resetBuffer();
         _outputType = OutputType.NONE;
     }
 
@@ -198,7 +201,7 @@ public class ServletContextResponse extends ContextResponse
     {
         if (_outputType == OutputType.WRITER)
             _writer.reopen();
-        _httpOutput.reopen();
+        getHttpOutput().reopen();
     }
 
     public void completeOutput(Callback callback)
@@ -206,7 +209,7 @@ public class ServletContextResponse extends ContextResponse
         if (_outputType == OutputType.WRITER)
             _writer.complete(callback);
         else
-            _httpOutput.complete(callback);
+            getHttpOutput().complete(callback);
     }
 
     public boolean isAllContentWritten(long written)
@@ -214,9 +217,9 @@ public class ServletContextResponse extends ContextResponse
         return (_contentLength >= 0 && written >= _contentLength);
     }
 
-    public boolean isContentComplete(long written)
+    public boolean isContentIncomplete(long written)
     {
-        return (_contentLength < 0 || written >= _contentLength);
+        return (_contentLength >= 0 && written < _contentLength);
     }
 
     public void setContentLength(int len)
@@ -224,6 +227,12 @@ public class ServletContextResponse extends ContextResponse
         setContentLength((long)len);
     }
 
+    @Override
+    public HttpFields.Mutable getHeaders()
+    {
+        return _headers;
+    }
+
     public void setContentLength(long len)
     {
         // Protect from setting after committed as default handling
@@ -234,7 +243,7 @@ public class ServletContextResponse extends ContextResponse
 
         if (len > 0)
         {
-            long written = _httpOutput.getWritten();
+            long written = getHttpOutput().getWritten();
             if (written > len)
                 throw new IllegalArgumentException("setContentLength(" + len + ") when already written " + written);
 
@@ -254,7 +263,7 @@ public class ServletContextResponse extends ContextResponse
         }
         else if (len == 0)
         {
-            long written = _httpOutput.getWritten();
+            long written = getHttpOutput().getWritten();
             if (written > 0)
                 throw new IllegalArgumentException("setContentLength(0) when already written " + written);
             _contentLength = len;
@@ -277,7 +286,7 @@ public class ServletContextResponse extends ContextResponse
         if (_outputType == OutputType.WRITER)
             _writer.close();
         else
-            _httpOutput.close();
+            getHttpOutput().close();
     }
 
     @Override
@@ -285,7 +294,7 @@ public class ServletContextResponse extends ContextResponse
     {
         super.reset();
 
-        _httpServletResponse.resetBuffer();
+        _servletApiResponse.resetBuffer();
         _outputType = OutputType.NONE;
         _contentLength = -1;
         _contentType = null;
@@ -324,7 +333,7 @@ public class ServletContextResponse extends ContextResponse
         HttpSession session = getServletContextRequest().getServletApiRequest().getSession(false);
         if (session != null && session.isNew())
         {
-            SessionHandler sh = _servletChannel.getContextHandler().getSessionHandler();
+            SessionHandler sh = _servletChannel.getServletContextHandler().getSessionHandler();
             if (sh != null)
             {
                 ManagedSession managedSession = SessionHandler.ServletSessionApi.getSession(session);
@@ -346,7 +355,7 @@ public class ServletContextResponse extends ContextResponse
     {
         if (isCommitted())
             throw new IllegalStateException("Committed");
-        _httpOutput.resetBuffer();
+        getHttpOutput().resetBuffer();
         _outputType = OutputType.NONE;
         _contentLength = -1;
         _contentType = null;
@@ -372,6 +381,7 @@ public class ServletContextResponse extends ContextResponse
         return _characterEncoding;
     }
 
+    @Override
     public String getCharacterEncoding(boolean setContentType)
     {
         // First try explicit char encoding.
@@ -400,7 +410,7 @@ public class ServletContextResponse extends ContextResponse
         }
 
         // Try any default char encoding for the context.
-        ServletContext context = _servletChannel.getServletContextRequest().getContext().getServletContext();
+        ServletContext context = _servletChannel.getServletContextRequest().getServletContext().getServletContext();
         if (context != null)
         {
             encoding = context.getResponseCharacterEncoding();
@@ -419,26 +429,14 @@ public class ServletContextResponse extends ContextResponse
         return encoding;
     }
 
-    /**
-     * Set the Character Encoding and EncodingFrom in the raw, with no manipulation
-     * of the ContentType value, MimeType value, or headers.
-     *
-     * @param encoding the character encoding
-     * @param from where encoding came from
-     */
-    protected void setRawCharacterEncoding(String encoding, EncodingFrom from)
-    {
-        _characterEncoding = encoding;
-        _encodingFrom = from;
-    }
-
     /**
      * Update the Content-Type, MimeType, and headers from the provided Character Encoding and
      * EncodingFrom.
      * @param encoding the character encoding
      * @param from where encoding came from
      */
-    protected void setCharacterEncoding(String encoding, EncodingFrom from)
+    @Override
+    public void setCharacterEncoding(String encoding, EncodingFrom from)
     {
         if (isWriting() || isCommitted())
             return;
@@ -483,6 +481,7 @@ public class ServletContextResponse extends ContextResponse
         }
     }
 
+    @Override
     public boolean isWriting()
     {
         return _outputType == OutputType.WRITER;
@@ -530,4 +529,148 @@ public class ServletContextResponse extends ContextResponse
          */
         SET_CHARACTER_ENCODING
     }
+
+    /**
+     * Wrapper of the response HttpFields to allow specific values to be intercepted.
+     */
+    private class HttpFieldsWrapper extends HttpFields.Mutable.Wrapper
+    {
+        public HttpFieldsWrapper(Mutable fields)
+        {
+            super(fields);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public HttpField onAddField(HttpField field)
+        {
+            if (field.getHeader() != null)
+            {
+                switch (field.getHeader())
+                {
+                    case CONTENT_LENGTH ->
+                    {
+                        if (!isCommitted())
+                        {
+                            return setContentLength(field);
+                        }
+                    }
+                    case CONTENT_TYPE ->
+                    {
+                        if (!isCommitted())
+                        {
+                            return setContentType(field);
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+
+            return super.onAddField(field);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public boolean onRemoveField(HttpField field)
+        {
+            if (field.getHeader() != null)
+            {
+                switch (field.getHeader())
+                {
+                    case CONTENT_LENGTH ->
+                    {
+                        if (!isCommitted())
+                            _contentLength = -1;
+                    }
+                    case CONTENT_TYPE ->
+                    {
+                        if (!isCommitted())
+                        {
+                            if (_locale == null)
+                                _characterEncoding = null;
+                            _contentType = null;
+                            _mimeType = null;
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        private HttpField setContentLength(HttpField field)
+        {
+            long len = field.getLongValue();
+            long written = _servletChannel.getHttpOutput().getWritten();
+
+            if (len > 0 && written > len)
+                throw new IllegalArgumentException("setContentLength(" + len + ") when already written " + written);
+            if (len == 0 && written > 0)
+                throw new IllegalArgumentException("setContentLength(0) when already written " + written);
+
+            _contentLength = len;
+
+            if (len > 0 && isAllContentWritten(written))
+            {
+                try
+                {
+                    closeOutput();
+                }
+                catch (IOException e)
+                {
+                    throw new RuntimeIOException(e);
+                }
+            }
+
+            return field;
+        }
+
+        private HttpField setContentType(HttpField field)
+        {
+            _contentType = field.getValue();
+            _mimeType = MimeTypes.CACHE.get(_contentType);
+
+            String charset = MimeTypes.getCharsetFromContentType(_contentType);
+            if (charset == null && _mimeType != null && _mimeType.isCharsetAssumed())
+                charset = _mimeType.getCharsetString();
+
+            if (charset == null)
+            {
+                switch (_encodingFrom)
+                {
+                    case NOT_SET:
+                        break;
+                    case DEFAULT:
+                    case INFERRED:
+                    case SET_CONTENT_TYPE:
+                    case SET_LOCALE:
+                    case SET_CHARACTER_ENCODING:
+                    {
+                        _contentType = _contentType + ";charset=" + _characterEncoding;
+                        _mimeType = MimeTypes.CACHE.get(_contentType);
+                        field = new HttpField(HttpHeader.CONTENT_TYPE, _contentType);
+                        break;
+                    }
+                    default:
+                        throw new IllegalStateException(_encodingFrom.toString());
+                }
+            }
+            else if (isWriting() && !charset.equalsIgnoreCase(_characterEncoding))
+            {
+                // too late to change the character encoding;
+                _contentType = MimeTypes.getContentTypeWithoutCharset(_contentType);
+                if (_characterEncoding != null && (_mimeType == null || !_mimeType.isCharsetAssumed()))
+                    _contentType = _contentType + ";charset=" + _characterEncoding;
+                _mimeType = MimeTypes.CACHE.get(_contentType);
+                field = new HttpField(HttpHeader.CONTENT_TYPE, _contentType);
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                _characterEncoding = charset;
+                _encodingFrom = ServletContextResponse.EncodingFrom.SET_CONTENT_TYPE;
+            }
+
+            if (HttpGenerator.__STRICT || _mimeType == null)
+                return field;
+
+            _contentType = _mimeType.asString();
+            return _mimeType.getContentTypeField();
+        }
+    }
 }

jetty-ee10/jetty-ee10-servlet/src/main/java/org/eclipse/jetty/ee10/servlet/ServletHandler.java

@@ -452,10 +452,15 @@ public class ServletHandler extends Handler.Wrapper
     @Override
     public boolean handle(Request request, Response response, Callback callback) throws Exception
     {
-        // We will always have a ServletScopedRequest and MappedServlet otherwise we will not reach ServletHandler.
-        ServletContextRequest servletContextRequest = Request.as(request, ServletContextRequest.class);
-        servletContextRequest.getServletChannel().setCallback(callback);
-        servletContextRequest.getServletChannel().handle();
+        // We will always have a ServletContextRequest as we must be within a ServletContextHandler
+        ServletChannel servletChannel = Request.get(request, ServletContextRequest.class, ServletContextRequest::getServletChannel);
+
+        if (LOG.isDebugEnabled())
+            LOG.debug("handle {} {} {} {}", this, request, response, callback);
+
+        // But request, response and/or callback may have been wrapped after the ServletContextHandler, so update the channel.
+        servletChannel.associate(request, response, callback);
+        servletChannel.handle();
         return true;
     }
 

jetty-ee10/jetty-ee10-servlet/src/main/java/org/eclipse/jetty/ee10/servlet/ServletMultiPartFormData.java

@@ -116,10 +116,10 @@ public class ServletMultiPartFormData
         formData.setMaxMemoryFileSize(config.getFileSizeThreshold());
         formData.setMaxFileSize(config.getMaxFileSize());
         formData.setMaxLength(config.getMaxRequestSize());
-        ConnectionMetaData connectionMetaData = request.getServletContextRequest().getConnectionMetaData();
+        ConnectionMetaData connectionMetaData = request.getRequest().getConnectionMetaData();
         formData.setPartHeadersMaxLength(connectionMetaData.getHttpConfiguration().getRequestHeaderSize());
 
-        ByteBufferPool byteBufferPool = request.getServletContextRequest().getComponents().getByteBufferPool();
+        ByteBufferPool byteBufferPool = request.getRequest().getComponents().getByteBufferPool();
         Connection connection = connectionMetaData.getConnection();
         int bufferSize = connection instanceof AbstractConnection c ? c.getInputBufferSize() : 2048;
         InputStream input = request.getInputStream();