HHH-18604 Add json_array_insert

documentation/src/main/asciidoc/userguide/chapters/query/hql/QueryLanguage.adoc

@@ -1643,6 +1643,7 @@ it is necessary to enable the `hibernate.query.hql.json_functions_enabled` confi
 | `json_remove()` | Removes a value by JSON path within a JSON document
 | `json_mergepatch()` | Merges JSON documents by performing an https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7396[RFC 7396] compliant merge
 | `json_array_append()` | Appends to a JSON array of a JSON document by JSON path
+| `json_array_insert()` | Inserts a value by JSON path to a JSON array within a JSON document
 |===
 
 
@@ -2134,6 +2135,29 @@ include::{json-example-dir-hql}/JsonArrayAppendTest.java[tags=hql-json-array-app
 
 WARNING: SAP HANA, DB2, H2 and HSQLDB do not support this function.
 
+[[hql-json-array-insert-function]]
+===== `json_array_insert()`
+
+Inserts a value by JSON path to a JSON array within a JSON document.
+The function takes 3 arguments, the json document, the json path and the value to append.
+
+Although the exact behavior is database dependent, usually an error will be triggered if
+the JSON path does not end with an array index access i.e. `$.a[0]`.
+The zero based array index represents the position at which an element should be inserted in an array.
+
+If the JSON path without the index does not resolve to a JSON array within the JSON document,
+the document is not changed.
+
+[[hql-json-array-insert-example]]
+====
+[source, java, indent=0]
+----
+include::{json-example-dir-hql}/JsonArrayInsertTest.java[tags=hql-json-array-insert-example]
+----
+====
+
+WARNING: SAP HANA, DB2, H2 and HSQLDB do not support this function.
+
 [[hql-user-defined-functions]]
 ==== Native and user-defined functions
 

hibernate-community-dialects/src/main/java/org/hibernate/community/dialect/CockroachLegacyDialect.java

@@ -514,6 +514,7 @@ public class CockroachLegacyDialect extends Dialect {
 		functionFactory.jsonInsert_postgresql();
 		functionFactory.jsonMergepatch_postgresql();
 		functionFactory.jsonArrayAppend_postgresql();
+		functionFactory.jsonArrayInsert_postgresql();
 
 		// Postgres uses # instead of ^ for XOR
 		functionContributions.getFunctionRegistry().patternDescriptorBuilder( "bitxor", "(?1#?2)" )

hibernate-community-dialects/src/main/java/org/hibernate/community/dialect/MySQLLegacyDialect.java

@@ -666,6 +666,7 @@ public class MySQLLegacyDialect extends Dialect {
 			functionFactory.jsonInsert_mysql();
 			functionFactory.jsonMergepatch_mysql();
 			functionFactory.jsonArrayAppend_mysql();
+			functionFactory.jsonArrayInsert_mysql();
 		}
 	}
 

hibernate-community-dialects/src/main/java/org/hibernate/community/dialect/OracleLegacyDialect.java

@@ -323,6 +323,7 @@ public class OracleLegacyDialect extends Dialect {
 			functionFactory.jsonInsert_oracle();
 			functionFactory.jsonMergepatch_oracle();
 			functionFactory.jsonArrayAppend_oracle();
+			functionFactory.jsonArrayInsert_oracle();
 		}
 	}
 

hibernate-community-dialects/src/main/java/org/hibernate/community/dialect/PostgreSQLLegacyDialect.java

@@ -664,6 +664,7 @@ public class PostgreSQLLegacyDialect extends Dialect {
 		functionFactory.jsonInsert_postgresql();
 		functionFactory.jsonMergepatch_postgresql();
 		functionFactory.jsonArrayAppend_postgresql();
+		functionFactory.jsonArrayInsert_postgresql();
 
 		if ( getVersion().isSameOrAfter( 9, 4 ) ) {
 			functionFactory.makeDateTimeTimestamp();

hibernate-community-dialects/src/main/java/org/hibernate/community/dialect/SQLServerLegacyDialect.java

@@ -411,6 +411,7 @@ public class SQLServerLegacyDialect extends AbstractTransactSQLDialect {
 			functionFactory.jsonReplace_sqlserver();
 			functionFactory.jsonInsert_sqlserver();
 			functionFactory.jsonArrayAppend_sqlserver();
+			functionFactory.jsonArrayInsert_sqlserver();
 		}
 		if ( getVersion().isSameOrAfter( 14 ) ) {
 			functionFactory.listagg_stringAggWithinGroup( "varchar(max)" );

hibernate-core/src/main/java/org/hibernate/dialect/CockroachDialect.java

@@ -481,6 +481,7 @@ public class CockroachDialect extends Dialect {
 		functionFactory.jsonInsert_postgresql();
 		functionFactory.jsonMergepatch_postgresql();
 		functionFactory.jsonArrayAppend_postgresql();
+		functionFactory.jsonArrayInsert_postgresql();
 
 		// Postgres uses # instead of ^ for XOR
 		functionContributions.getFunctionRegistry().patternDescriptorBuilder( "bitxor", "(?1#?2)" )

hibernate-core/src/main/java/org/hibernate/dialect/MySQLDialect.java

@@ -651,6 +651,7 @@ public class MySQLDialect extends Dialect {
 		functionFactory.jsonInsert_mysql();
 		functionFactory.jsonMergepatch_mysql();
 		functionFactory.jsonArrayAppend_mysql();
+		functionFactory.jsonArrayInsert_mysql();
 	}
 
 	@Override

hibernate-core/src/main/java/org/hibernate/dialect/OracleDialect.java

@@ -414,6 +414,7 @@ public class OracleDialect extends Dialect {
 		functionFactory.jsonInsert_oracle();
 		functionFactory.jsonMergepatch_oracle();
 		functionFactory.jsonArrayAppend_oracle();
+		functionFactory.jsonArrayInsert_oracle();
 	}
 
 	@Override

hibernate-core/src/main/java/org/hibernate/dialect/PostgreSQLDialect.java

@@ -625,6 +625,7 @@ public class PostgreSQLDialect extends Dialect {
 		functionFactory.jsonInsert_postgresql();
 		functionFactory.jsonMergepatch_postgresql();
 		functionFactory.jsonArrayAppend_postgresql();
+		functionFactory.jsonArrayInsert_postgresql();
 
 		functionFactory.makeDateTimeTimestamp();
 		// Note that PostgreSQL doesn't support the OVER clause for ordered set-aggregate functions

hibernate-core/src/main/java/org/hibernate/dialect/SQLServerDialect.java

@@ -429,6 +429,7 @@ public class SQLServerDialect extends AbstractTransactSQLDialect {
 			functionFactory.jsonReplace_sqlserver();
 			functionFactory.jsonInsert_sqlserver();
 			functionFactory.jsonArrayAppend_sqlserver();
+			functionFactory.jsonArrayInsert_sqlserver();
 		}
 		if ( getVersion().isSameOrAfter( 14 ) ) {
 			functionFactory.listagg_stringAggWithinGroup( "varchar(max)" );

hibernate-core/src/main/java/org/hibernate/dialect/function/CommonFunctionFactory.java

@@ -118,6 +118,7 @@ import org.hibernate.dialect.function.json.MySQLJsonValueFunction;
 import org.hibernate.dialect.function.json.OracleJsonArrayAggFunction;
 import org.hibernate.dialect.function.json.OracleJsonArrayAppendFunction;
 import org.hibernate.dialect.function.json.OracleJsonArrayFunction;
+import org.hibernate.dialect.function.json.OracleJsonArrayInsertFunction;
 import org.hibernate.dialect.function.json.OracleJsonInsertFunction;
 import org.hibernate.dialect.function.json.OracleJsonMergepatchFunction;
 import org.hibernate.dialect.function.json.OracleJsonObjectAggFunction;
@@ -128,6 +129,7 @@ import org.hibernate.dialect.function.json.OracleJsonSetFunction;
 import org.hibernate.dialect.function.json.PostgreSQLJsonArrayAggFunction;
 import org.hibernate.dialect.function.json.PostgreSQLJsonArrayAppendFunction;
 import org.hibernate.dialect.function.json.PostgreSQLJsonArrayFunction;
+import org.hibernate.dialect.function.json.PostgreSQLJsonArrayInsertFunction;
 import org.hibernate.dialect.function.json.PostgreSQLJsonExistsFunction;
 import org.hibernate.dialect.function.json.PostgreSQLJsonInsertFunction;
 import org.hibernate.dialect.function.json.PostgreSQLJsonMergepatchFunction;
@@ -141,6 +143,7 @@ import org.hibernate.dialect.function.json.PostgreSQLJsonValueFunction;
 import org.hibernate.dialect.function.json.SQLServerJsonArrayAggFunction;
 import org.hibernate.dialect.function.json.SQLServerJsonArrayAppendFunction;
 import org.hibernate.dialect.function.json.SQLServerJsonArrayFunction;
+import org.hibernate.dialect.function.json.SQLServerJsonArrayInsertFunction;
 import org.hibernate.dialect.function.json.SQLServerJsonExistsFunction;
 import org.hibernate.dialect.function.json.SQLServerJsonInsertFunction;
 import org.hibernate.dialect.function.json.SQLServerJsonObjectAggFunction;
@@ -4056,4 +4059,42 @@ public class CommonFunctionFactory {
 	public void jsonArrayAppend_sqlserver() {
 		functionRegistry.register( "json_array_append", new SQLServerJsonArrayAppendFunction( typeConfiguration ) );
 	}
+
+	/**
+	 * PostgreSQL json_array_insert() function
+	 */
+	public void jsonArrayInsert_postgresql() {
+		functionRegistry.register( "json_array_insert", new PostgreSQLJsonArrayInsertFunction( typeConfiguration ) );
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * MySQL json_array_insert() function
+	 */
+	public void jsonArrayInsert_mysql() {
+		functionRegistry.namedDescriptorBuilder( "json_array_insert" )
+				.setArgumentsValidator( new ArgumentTypesValidator(
+						StandardArgumentsValidators.exactly( 3 ),
+						FunctionParameterType.IMPLICIT_JSON,
+						FunctionParameterType.STRING,
+						FunctionParameterType.ANY
+				) )
+				.setReturnTypeResolver( StandardFunctionReturnTypeResolvers.invariant(
+						typeConfiguration.getBasicTypeRegistry().resolve( String.class, SqlTypes.JSON )
+				) )
+				.register();
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Oracle json_array_insert() function
+	 */
+	public void jsonArrayInsert_oracle() {
+		functionRegistry.register( "json_array_insert", new OracleJsonArrayInsertFunction( typeConfiguration ) );
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * SQL server json_array_insert() function
+	 */
+	public void jsonArrayInsert_sqlserver() {
+		functionRegistry.register( "json_array_insert", new SQLServerJsonArrayInsertFunction( typeConfiguration ) );
+	}
 }

hibernate-core/src/main/java/org/hibernate/dialect/function/json/AbstractJsonArrayInsertFunction.java

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+/*
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1-or-later
+ * Copyright Red Hat Inc. and Hibernate Authors
+ */
+package org.hibernate.dialect.function.json;
+
+import org.hibernate.query.sqm.function.AbstractSqmSelfRenderingFunctionDescriptor;
+import org.hibernate.query.sqm.function.FunctionKind;
+import org.hibernate.query.sqm.produce.function.ArgumentTypesValidator;
+import org.hibernate.query.sqm.produce.function.FunctionParameterType;
+import org.hibernate.query.sqm.produce.function.StandardArgumentsValidators;
+import org.hibernate.query.sqm.produce.function.StandardFunctionReturnTypeResolvers;
+import org.hibernate.type.SqlTypes;
+import org.hibernate.type.spi.TypeConfiguration;
+
+/**
+ * Standard json_array_insert function.
+ */
+public abstract class AbstractJsonArrayInsertFunction extends AbstractSqmSelfRenderingFunctionDescriptor {
+
+	public AbstractJsonArrayInsertFunction(TypeConfiguration typeConfiguration) {
+		super(
+				"json_array_insert",
+				FunctionKind.NORMAL,
+				new ArgumentTypesValidator(
+						StandardArgumentsValidators.exactly( 3 ),
+						FunctionParameterType.IMPLICIT_JSON,
+						FunctionParameterType.STRING,
+						FunctionParameterType.ANY
+				),
+				StandardFunctionReturnTypeResolvers.invariant(
+						typeConfiguration.getBasicTypeRegistry().resolve( String.class, SqlTypes.JSON )
+				),
+				null
+		);
+	}
+
+}

hibernate-core/src/main/java/org/hibernate/dialect/function/json/OracleJsonArrayInsertFunction.java

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+/*
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1-or-later
+ * Copyright Red Hat Inc. and Hibernate Authors
+ */
+package org.hibernate.dialect.function.json;
+
+import java.util.List;
+
+import org.hibernate.query.ReturnableType;
+import org.hibernate.sql.ast.SqlAstTranslator;
+import org.hibernate.sql.ast.spi.SqlAppender;
+import org.hibernate.sql.ast.tree.SqlAstNode;
+import org.hibernate.sql.ast.tree.expression.Expression;
+import org.hibernate.type.spi.TypeConfiguration;
+
+/**
+ * Oracle json_array_insert function.
+ */
+public class OracleJsonArrayInsertFunction extends AbstractJsonArrayInsertFunction {
+
+	public OracleJsonArrayInsertFunction(TypeConfiguration typeConfiguration) {
+		super( typeConfiguration );
+	}
+
+	@Override
+	public void render(
+			SqlAppender sqlAppender,
+			List<? extends SqlAstNode> arguments,
+			ReturnableType<?> returnType,
+			SqlAstTranslator<?> translator) {
+		final Expression json = (Expression) arguments.get( 0 );
+		final String jsonPath = translator.getLiteralValue( (Expression) arguments.get( 1 ) );
+		final SqlAstNode value = arguments.get( 2 );
+		sqlAppender.appendSql( "json_transform(" );
+		json.accept( translator );
+		sqlAppender.appendSql( ",insert " );
+		sqlAppender.appendSingleQuoteEscapedString( jsonPath );
+		sqlAppender.appendSql( '=' );
+		value.accept( translator );
+		sqlAppender.appendSql( " ignore on existing)" );
+
+	}
+}

hibernate-core/src/main/java/org/hibernate/dialect/function/json/PostgreSQLJsonArrayInsertFunction.java

@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+/*
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1-or-later
+ * Copyright Red Hat Inc. and Hibernate Authors
+ */
+package org.hibernate.dialect.function.json;
+
+import java.util.List;
+
+import org.hibernate.QueryException;
+import org.hibernate.metamodel.mapping.JdbcMappingContainer;
+import org.hibernate.query.ReturnableType;
+import org.hibernate.sql.ast.SqlAstTranslator;
+import org.hibernate.sql.ast.spi.SqlAppender;
+import org.hibernate.sql.ast.tree.SqlAstNode;
+import org.hibernate.sql.ast.tree.expression.Expression;
+import org.hibernate.sql.ast.tree.expression.Literal;
+import org.hibernate.type.spi.TypeConfiguration;
+
+/**
+ * PostgreSQL json_array_insert function.
+ */
+public class PostgreSQLJsonArrayInsertFunction extends AbstractJsonArrayInsertFunction {
+
+	public PostgreSQLJsonArrayInsertFunction(TypeConfiguration typeConfiguration) {
+		super( typeConfiguration );
+	}
+
+	@Override
+	public void render(
+			SqlAppender sqlAppender,
+			List<? extends SqlAstNode> arguments,
+			ReturnableType<?> returnType,
+			SqlAstTranslator<?> translator) {
+		final Expression json = (Expression) arguments.get( 0 );
+		final Expression jsonPath = (Expression) arguments.get( 1 );
+		final SqlAstNode value = arguments.get( 2 );
+		sqlAppender.appendSql( "jsonb_insert(" );
+		final boolean needsCast = !isJsonType( json );
+		if ( needsCast ) {
+			sqlAppender.appendSql( "cast(" );
+		}
+		json.accept( translator );
+		if ( needsCast ) {
+			sqlAppender.appendSql( " as jsonb)" );
+		}
+		sqlAppender.appendSql( ',' );
+		List<JsonPathHelper.JsonPathElement> jsonPathElements =
+				JsonPathHelper.parseJsonPathElements( translator.getLiteralValue( jsonPath ) );
+		sqlAppender.appendSql( "array" );
+		char separator = '[';
+		for ( JsonPathHelper.JsonPathElement pathElement : jsonPathElements ) {
+			sqlAppender.appendSql( separator );
+			if ( pathElement instanceof JsonPathHelper.JsonAttribute attribute ) {
+				sqlAppender.appendSingleQuoteEscapedString( attribute.attribute() );
+			}
+			else if ( pathElement instanceof JsonPathHelper.JsonParameterIndexAccess ) {
+				final String parameterName = ( (JsonPathHelper.JsonParameterIndexAccess) pathElement ).parameterName();
+				throw new QueryException( "JSON path [" + jsonPath + "] uses parameter [" + parameterName + "] that is not passed" );
+			}
+			else {
+				sqlAppender.appendSql( '\'' );
+				sqlAppender.appendSql( ( (JsonPathHelper.JsonIndexAccess) pathElement ).index() );
+				sqlAppender.appendSql( '\'' );
+			}
+			separator = ',';
+		}
+		sqlAppender.appendSql( "]::text[]," );
+		if ( value instanceof Literal && ( (Literal) value ).getLiteralValue() == null ) {
+			sqlAppender.appendSql( "null::jsonb" );
+		}
+		else {
+			sqlAppender.appendSql( "to_jsonb(" );
+			value.accept( translator );
+			if ( value instanceof Literal literal && literal.getJdbcMapping().getJdbcType().isString() ) {
+				// PostgreSQL until version 16 is not smart enough to infer the type of a string literal
+				sqlAppender.appendSql( "::text" );
+			}
+			sqlAppender.appendSql( ')' );
+		}
+		sqlAppender.appendSql( ')' );
+	}
+
+	private static boolean isJsonType(Expression expression) {
+		final JdbcMappingContainer expressionType = expression.getExpressionType();
+		return expressionType != null && expressionType.getSingleJdbcMapping().getJdbcType().isJson();
+	}
+}

hibernate-core/src/main/java/org/hibernate/dialect/function/json/PostgreSQLJsonInsertFunction.java

@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ public class PostgreSQLJsonInsertFunction extends AbstractJsonInsertFunction {
 		final Expression json = (Expression) arguments.get( 0 );
 		final Expression jsonPath = (Expression) arguments.get( 1 );
 		final SqlAstNode value = arguments.get( 2 );
-		sqlAppender.appendSql( "(select case when t.d#>>t.p is not null then t.d else jsonb_insert(t.d,t.p," );
+		sqlAppender.appendSql( "(select case when (t.d)#>>t.p is not null then t.d else jsonb_insert(t.d,t.p," );
 		if ( value instanceof Literal && ( (Literal) value ).getLiteralValue() == null ) {
 			sqlAppender.appendSql( "null::jsonb" );
 		}

hibernate-core/src/main/java/org/hibernate/dialect/function/json/SQLServerJsonArrayInsertFunction.java

@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+/*
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1-or-later
+ * Copyright Red Hat Inc. and Hibernate Authors
+ */
+package org.hibernate.dialect.function.json;
+
+import java.util.List;
+
+import org.hibernate.QueryException;
+import org.hibernate.query.ReturnableType;
+import org.hibernate.sql.ast.SqlAstTranslator;
+import org.hibernate.sql.ast.spi.SqlAppender;
+import org.hibernate.sql.ast.tree.SqlAstNode;
+import org.hibernate.sql.ast.tree.expression.Expression;
+import org.hibernate.type.spi.TypeConfiguration;
+
+/**
+ * SQL Server json_array_insert function.
+ */
+public class SQLServerJsonArrayInsertFunction extends AbstractJsonArrayInsertFunction {
+
+	public SQLServerJsonArrayInsertFunction(TypeConfiguration typeConfiguration) {
+		super( typeConfiguration );
+	}
+
+	@Override
+	public void render(
+			SqlAppender sqlAppender,
+			List<? extends SqlAstNode> arguments,
+			ReturnableType<?> returnType,
+			SqlAstTranslator<?> translator) {
+		final String jsonPath = translator.<String>getLiteralValue( (Expression) arguments.get( 1 ) ).trim();
+		final int bracketEndIndex = jsonPath.lastIndexOf( ']' );
+		final int bracketStartIndex = jsonPath.lastIndexOf( '[' );
+		if ( jsonPath.isEmpty()
+				|| bracketEndIndex != jsonPath.length() - 1
+				|| bracketStartIndex == -1 ) {
+			throw new QueryException( "JSON path does not end with an array index: " + jsonPath );
+		}
+		final int index;
+		try {
+			index = Integer.parseInt( jsonPath.substring( bracketStartIndex + 1, bracketEndIndex ) );
+		}
+		catch ( NumberFormatException e ) {
+			throw new QueryException( "JSON path does not point to a valid array index: " + jsonPath );
+		}
+		final Expression json = (Expression) arguments.get( 0 );
+		final SqlAstNode value = arguments.get( 2 );
+		// Only replace data if this is an array
+		sqlAppender.appendSql( "(select case when left(json_query(x.d,x.p),1)='[' then " );
+		// Replace the array
+		sqlAppender.appendSql( "json_modify(x.d,x.p,json_query((" );
+		// Aggregate a new JSON array based on element rows
+		sqlAppender.appendSql( "select '['+string_agg(t.v,',') within group (order by t.k)+']' from (" );
+
+		sqlAppender.appendSql( "select x.i k,x.v v union all " );
+		sqlAppender.appendSql( "select case when cast(t.[key] as int)>=x.i then cast(t.[key] as int)+1 " );
+		sqlAppender.appendSql( "else cast(t.[key] as int) end," );
+		// type 0 is a null literal
+		sqlAppender.appendSql( "case t.type when 0 then 'null' when 1 then ");
+		// type 1 is a string literal. to quote it, we use for json path and trim the string down to just the value
+		sqlAppender.appendSql(
+				"(select substring(a.v,6,len(a.v)-6) from (select t.value a for json path,without_array_wrapper) a(v))" );
+		sqlAppender.appendSql( " else t.value end from openjson(x.d,x.p) t) t))) " );
+		sqlAppender.appendSql( " else x.d end " );
+		// Push args into a values clause since we are going to refer to them multiple times
+		sqlAppender.appendSql( "from (values(" );
+		json.accept( translator );
+		sqlAppender.append( ',' );
+		sqlAppender.appendSingleQuoteEscapedString( jsonPath.substring( 0, bracketStartIndex ) );
+		sqlAppender.append( ',' );
+		sqlAppender.appendSql( index );
+		sqlAppender.append( ',' );
+		value.accept( translator );
+		sqlAppender.append( ")) x(d,p,i,v))" );
+	}
+
+	protected void renderArgument(
+			SqlAppender sqlAppender,
+			SqlAstNode arg,
+			SqlAstTranslator<?> translator) {
+		sqlAppender.appendSql( "substring(json_array(" );
+		arg.accept( translator );
+		sqlAppender.appendSql( " null on null),2,len(json_array(" );
+		arg.accept( translator );
+		sqlAppender.appendSql( " null on null))-2)" );
+	}
+}

hibernate-core/src/test/java/org/hibernate/orm/test/function/json/JsonArrayInsertTest.java

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+/*
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1-or-later
+ * Copyright Red Hat Inc. and Hibernate Authors
+ */
+package org.hibernate.orm.test.function.json;
+
+import org.hibernate.cfg.QuerySettings;
+
+import org.hibernate.testing.orm.domain.StandardDomainModel;
+import org.hibernate.testing.orm.junit.DialectFeatureChecks;
+import org.hibernate.testing.orm.junit.DomainModel;
+import org.hibernate.testing.orm.junit.RequiresDialectFeature;
+import org.hibernate.testing.orm.junit.ServiceRegistry;
+import org.hibernate.testing.orm.junit.SessionFactory;
+import org.hibernate.testing.orm.junit.SessionFactoryScope;
+import org.hibernate.testing.orm.junit.Setting;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+
+/**
+ * @author Christian Beikov
+ */
+@DomainModel(standardModels = StandardDomainModel.GAMBIT)
+@SessionFactory
+@ServiceRegistry(settings = @Setting(name = QuerySettings.JSON_FUNCTIONS_ENABLED, value = "true"))
+@RequiresDialectFeature( feature = DialectFeatureChecks.SupportsJsonInsert.class)
+public class JsonArrayInsertTest {
+
+	@Test
+	public void testSimple(SessionFactoryScope scope) {
+		scope.inSession( em -> {
+			//tag::hql-json-array-insert-example[]
+			em.createQuery( "select json_array_insert('{\"a\":[1]}', '$.a[0]', 2)" ).getResultList();
+			//end::hql-json-array-insert-example[]
+		} );
+	}
+
+}

hibernate-core/src/test/java/org/hibernate/orm/test/query/hql/JsonFunctionTests.java

@@ -704,6 +704,70 @@ public class JsonFunctionTests {
 		);
 	}
 
+	@Test
+	@RequiresDialectFeature(feature = DialectFeatureChecks.SupportsJsonArrayInsert.class)
+	public void testJsonArrayInsert(SessionFactoryScope scope) {
+		scope.inTransaction(
+				session -> {
+					String json = session.createQuery(
+							"select json_array_insert('{\"b\":[2]}', '$.b[0]', 1)",
+							String.class
+					).getSingleResult();
+					Map<String, Object> object = parseObject( json );
+					assertEquals( 1, object.size() );
+					assertEquals( Arrays.asList( 1, 2 ), object.get( "b" ) );
+				}
+		);
+	}
+
+	@Test
+	@RequiresDialectFeature(feature = DialectFeatureChecks.SupportsJsonArrayInsert.class)
+	public void testJsonArrayInsertNonExisting(SessionFactoryScope scope) {
+		scope.inTransaction(
+				session -> {
+					String json = session.createQuery(
+							"select json_array_insert('{\"b\":[2]}', '$.c[0]', 1)",
+							String.class
+					).getSingleResult();
+					Map<String, Object> object = parseObject( json );
+					assertEquals( 1, object.size() );
+					assertEquals( List.of( 2 ), object.get( "b" ) );
+				}
+		);
+	}
+
+	@Test
+	@RequiresDialectFeature(feature = DialectFeatureChecks.SupportsJsonArrayInsert.class)
+	public void testJsonArrayInsertNonArray(SessionFactoryScope scope) {
+		scope.inTransaction(
+				session -> {
+					String json = session.createQuery(
+							"select json_array_insert('{\"b\":2}', '$.b[0]', 1)",
+							String.class
+					).getSingleResult();
+					Map<String, Object> object = parseObject( json );
+					assertEquals( 1, object.size() );
+					assertEquals( 2, object.get( "b" ) );
+				}
+		);
+	}
+
+	@Test
+	@RequiresDialectFeature(feature = DialectFeatureChecks.SupportsJsonArrayInsert.class)
+	public void testJsonArrayInsertToNull(SessionFactoryScope scope) {
+		scope.inTransaction(
+				session -> {
+					String json = session.createQuery(
+							"select json_array_insert('{\"b\":null}', '$.b[0]', 1)",
+							String.class
+					).getSingleResult();
+					Map<String, Object> object = parseObject( json );
+					assertEquals( 1, object.size() );
+					assertNull( object.get( "b" ) );
+				}
+		);
+	}
+
 	private static final ObjectMapper MAPPER = new ObjectMapper();
 
 	private static Map<String, Object> parseObject(String json) {

hibernate-testing/src/main/java/org/hibernate/testing/orm/junit/DialectFeatureChecks.java

@@ -829,6 +829,12 @@ abstract public class DialectFeatureChecks {
 		}
 	}
 
+	public static class SupportsJsonArrayInsert implements DialectFeatureCheck {
+		public boolean apply(Dialect dialect) {
+			return definesFunction( dialect, "json_array_insert" );
+		}
+	}
+
 	public static class IsJtds implements DialectFeatureCheck {
 		public boolean apply(Dialect dialect) {
 			return dialect instanceof SybaseDialect && ( (SybaseDialect) dialect ).getDriverKind() == SybaseDriverKind.JTDS;