diff --git a/hibernate-core/src/test/java/org/hibernate/orm/test/query/QueryToManyWithNestedToOneTest.java b/hibernate-core/src/test/java/org/hibernate/orm/test/query/QueryToManyWithNestedToOneTest.java
new file mode 100644
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+++ b/hibernate-core/src/test/java/org/hibernate/orm/test/query/QueryToManyWithNestedToOneTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,157 @@
+/*
+ * Hibernate, Relational Persistence for Idiomatic Java
+ *
+ * License: GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL), version 2.1 or later
+ * See the lgpl.txt file in the root directory or http://www.gnu.org/licenses/lgpl-2.1.html
+ */
+package org.hibernate.orm.test.query;
+
+import java.util.HashSet;
+import java.util.Set;
+
+import org.hibernate.testing.orm.junit.DomainModel;
+import org.hibernate.testing.orm.junit.Jira;
+import org.hibernate.testing.orm.junit.SessionFactory;
+import org.hibernate.testing.orm.junit.SessionFactoryScope;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.AfterAll;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeAll;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+
+import jakarta.persistence.CascadeType;
+import jakarta.persistence.Entity;
+import jakarta.persistence.GeneratedValue;
+import jakarta.persistence.Id;
+import jakarta.persistence.ManyToOne;
+import jakarta.persistence.OneToMany;
+import jakarta.persistence.criteria.CriteriaBuilder;
+import jakarta.persistence.criteria.CriteriaQuery;
+import jakarta.persistence.criteria.Join;
+import jakarta.persistence.criteria.Root;
+import jakarta.persistence.criteria.SetJoin;
+
+import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;
+
+/**
+ * @author Marco Belladelli
+ */
+@DomainModel( annotatedClasses = {
+		QueryToManyWithNestedToOneTest.ParentEntity.class,
+		QueryToManyWithNestedToOneTest.ValueEntity.class,
+		QueryToManyWithNestedToOneTest.KeyEntity.class,
+} )
+@SessionFactory
+@Jira( "https://hibernate.atlassian.net/browse/HHH-17857" )
+public class QueryToManyWithNestedToOneTest {
+	@Test
+	public void testCriteriaQuery(SessionFactoryScope scope) {
+		scope.inTransaction( session -> {
+			final CriteriaBuilder cb = session.getCriteriaBuilder();
+			final CriteriaQuery<ParentEntity> cq = cb.createQuery( ParentEntity.class );
+			final Root<ParentEntity> root = cq.from( ParentEntity.class );
+			final SetJoin<ParentEntity, ValueEntity> valuesJoin = root.joinSet( "values" );
+			final Join<ValueEntity, KeyEntity> key = valuesJoin.join( "key" );
+			final ParentEntity result = session.createQuery(
+					cq.where( key.get( "keyValue" ).in( "key_1", "key_2" ) )
+			).getSingleResult();
+			assertThat( result.getValues() ).hasSize( 2 )
+					.extracting( ValueEntity::getKey )
+					.extracting( KeyEntity::getKeyValue )
+					.containsOnly( "key_1", "key_2" );
+		} );
+	}
+
+	@Test
+	public void testHQLQuery(SessionFactoryScope scope) {
+		scope.inTransaction( session -> {
+			final ParentEntity result = session.createQuery(
+					"from ParentEntity p join p.values values join values.key key where key.keyValue in ('key_3')",
+					ParentEntity.class
+			).getSingleResult();
+			assertThat( result.getValues() ).hasSize( 1 )
+					.extracting( ValueEntity::getKey )
+					.extracting( KeyEntity::getKeyValue )
+					.containsOnly( "key_3" );
+		} );
+	}
+
+	@BeforeAll
+	public void setUp(SessionFactoryScope scope) {
+		scope.inTransaction( session -> {
+			final ParentEntity parent1 = new ParentEntity();
+			final ValueEntity value1 = new ValueEntity( parent1, new KeyEntity( "key_1" ) );
+			session.persist( value1 );
+			final ValueEntity value2 = new ValueEntity( parent1, new KeyEntity( "key_2" ) );
+			session.persist( value2 );
+			final ValueEntity value3 = new ValueEntity( new ParentEntity(), new KeyEntity( "key_3" ) );
+			session.persist( value3 );
+		} );
+	}
+
+	@AfterAll
+	public void tearDown(SessionFactoryScope scope) {
+		scope.inTransaction( session -> {
+			session.createMutationQuery( "delete from ValueEntity" ).executeUpdate();
+			session.createMutationQuery( "delete from ParentEntity" ).executeUpdate();
+			session.createMutationQuery( "delete from KeyEntity" ).executeUpdate();
+		} );
+	}
+
+	@Entity( name = "ParentEntity" )
+	static class ParentEntity {
+		@Id
+		@GeneratedValue
+		private Long id;
+
+		@OneToMany( mappedBy = "parent" )
+		private Set<ValueEntity> values = new HashSet<>();
+
+		public Set<ValueEntity> getValues() {
+			return values;
+		}
+	}
+
+	@Entity( name = "ValueEntity" )
+	static class ValueEntity {
+		@Id
+		@GeneratedValue
+		private Long id;
+
+		@ManyToOne( cascade = CascadeType.ALL )
+		private ParentEntity parent;
+
+		@ManyToOne( cascade = CascadeType.ALL )
+		private KeyEntity key;
+
+		public ValueEntity() {
+		}
+
+		public ValueEntity(ParentEntity parent, KeyEntity key) {
+			this.parent = parent;
+			this.key = key;
+		}
+
+		public KeyEntity getKey() {
+			return key;
+		}
+	}
+
+	@Entity( name = "KeyEntity" )
+	static class KeyEntity {
+		@Id
+		@GeneratedValue
+		private Long id;
+
+		private String keyValue;
+
+		public KeyEntity() {
+		}
+
+		public KeyEntity(String keyValue) {
+			this.keyValue = keyValue;
+		}
+
+		public String getKeyValue() {
+			return keyValue;
+		}
+	}
+}