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https://github.com/hibernate/hibernate-orm
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c23b920ff8
git-svn-id: https://svn.jboss.org/repos/hibernate/core/branches/Branch_3_2@11779 1b8cb986-b30d-0410-93ca-fae66ebed9b2
653 lines
20 KiB
XML
653 lines
20 KiB
XML
<chapter id="example-mappings">
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<title>예제: 여러 가지 매핑들</title>
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<para>
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이 장은 몇몇 보다 복잡한 연관 매핑들을 보여준다.
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</para>
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<sect1 id="example-mappings-emp">
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<title>Employer/Employee</title>
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<para>
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<literal>Employer</literal>와 <literal>Employee</literal> 사이의 관계에 대한 다음 모형은 그 연관를 표현하는 데
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실제 엔티티 클래스(<literal>Employment</literal>)를 사용한다. 동일한 두 부분들에 대해 하나 이상의 채용 주기가 존재할 수 있기
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때문에 이것이 행해진다. 컴포넌트들이 화폐 값들과 종업원 이름들을 모형화 시키는데 사용된다.
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</para>
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<mediaobject>
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<imageobject role="fo">
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<imagedata fileref="images/EmployerEmployee.gif" format="GIF" align="center"/>
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</imageobject>
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<imageobject role="html">
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<imagedata fileref="../shared/images/EmployerEmployee.gif" format="GIF" align="center"/>
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</imageobject>
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</mediaobject>
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<para>
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다음은 가능한 매핑 문서이다:
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</para>
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<programlisting><![CDATA[<hibernate-mapping>
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<class name="Employer" table="employers">
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<id name="id">
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<generator class="sequence">
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<param name="sequence">employer_id_seq</param>
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</generator>
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</id>
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<property name="name"/>
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</class>
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<class name="Employment" table="employment_periods">
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<id name="id">
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<generator class="sequence">
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<param name="sequence">employment_id_seq</param>
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</generator>
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</id>
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<property name="startDate" column="start_date"/>
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<property name="endDate" column="end_date"/>
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<component name="hourlyRate" class="MonetaryAmount">
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<property name="amount">
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<column name="hourly_rate" sql-type="NUMERIC(12, 2)"/>
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</property>
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<property name="currency" length="12"/>
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</component>
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<many-to-one name="employer" column="employer_id" not-null="true"/>
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<many-to-one name="employee" column="employee_id" not-null="true"/>
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</class>
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<class name="Employee" table="employees">
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<id name="id">
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<generator class="sequence">
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<param name="sequence">employee_id_seq</param>
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</generator>
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</id>
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<property name="taxfileNumber"/>
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<component name="name" class="Name">
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<property name="firstName"/>
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<property name="initial"/>
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<property name="lastName"/>
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</component>
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</class>
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</hibernate-mapping>]]></programlisting>
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<para>
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그리고 다음은 <literal>SchemaExport</literal>에 의해 생성된 테이블 스키마이다.
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</para>
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<programlisting><![CDATA[create table employers (
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id BIGINT not null,
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name VARCHAR(255),
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primary key (id)
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)
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create table employment_periods (
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id BIGINT not null,
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hourly_rate NUMERIC(12, 2),
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currency VARCHAR(12),
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employee_id BIGINT not null,
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employer_id BIGINT not null,
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end_date TIMESTAMP,
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start_date TIMESTAMP,
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primary key (id)
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)
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create table employees (
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id BIGINT not null,
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firstName VARCHAR(255),
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initial CHAR(1),
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lastName VARCHAR(255),
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taxfileNumber VARCHAR(255),
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primary key (id)
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)
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alter table employment_periods
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add constraint employment_periodsFK0 foreign key (employer_id) references employers
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alter table employment_periods
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add constraint employment_periodsFK1 foreign key (employee_id) references employees
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create sequence employee_id_seq
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create sequence employment_id_seq
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create sequence employer_id_seq]]></programlisting>
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</sect1>
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<sect1 id="example-mappings-authorwork">
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<title>Author/Work</title>
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<para>
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<literal>Work</literal>, <literal>Author</literal> 그리고 <literal>Person</literal> 사이의 관계들에 대한
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다음 모형을 검토하자. 우리는 <literal>Work</literal>과 <literal>Author</literal> 사이의 관계를 many-to-many
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연관으로 표현한다. 우리는 <literal>Author</literal>와 <literal>Person</literal> 사이의 관계를 one-to-one
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연관으로 표현하고자 선택한다. 또 다른 가능성은 <literal>Author</literal>가 <literal>Person</literal>을 확장하도록
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하는 것일 것이다.
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</para>
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<mediaobject>
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<imageobject role="fo">
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<imagedata fileref="images/AuthorWork.gif" format="GIF" align="center"/>
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</imageobject>
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<imageobject role="html">
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<imagedata fileref="../shared/images/AuthorWork.gif" format="GIF" align="center"/>
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</imageobject>
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</mediaobject>
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<para>
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다음 매핑 문서는 이들 관계들을 정확하게 표현한다:
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</para>
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<programlisting><![CDATA[<hibernate-mapping>
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<class name="Work" table="works" discriminator-value="W">
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<id name="id" column="id">
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<generator class="native"/>
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</id>
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<discriminator column="type" type="character"/>
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<property name="title"/>
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<set name="authors" table="author_work">
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<key column name="work_id"/>
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<many-to-many class="Author" column name="author_id"/>
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</set>
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<subclass name="Book" discriminator-value="B">
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<property name="text"/>
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</subclass>
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<subclass name="Song" discriminator-value="S">
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<property name="tempo"/>
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<property name="genre"/>
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</subclass>
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</class>
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<class name="Author" table="authors">
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<id name="id" column="id">
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<!-- The Author must have the same identifier as the Person -->
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<generator class="assigned"/>
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</id>
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<property name="alias"/>
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<one-to-one name="person" constrained="true"/>
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<set name="works" table="author_work" inverse="true">
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<key column="author_id"/>
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<many-to-many class="Work" column="work_id"/>
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</set>
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</class>
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<class name="Person" table="persons">
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<id name="id" column="id">
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<generator class="native"/>
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</id>
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<property name="name"/>
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</class>
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</hibernate-mapping>]]></programlisting>
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<para>
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이 매핑에는 네 개의 테이블들이 존재한다. <literal>works</literal>, <literal>authors</literal>와
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<literal>persons</literal>은 각각 작업 데이터, 저자 데이터, 개인 데이터를 보관한다. <literal>author_work</literal>는
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저자들을 작업들에 연결시키는 연관 테이블이다. 다음은 <literal>SchemaExport</literal>에 의해 생성된 테이블
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스키마이다.
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</para>
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<programlisting><![CDATA[create table works (
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id BIGINT not null generated by default as identity,
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tempo FLOAT,
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genre VARCHAR(255),
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text INTEGER,
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title VARCHAR(255),
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type CHAR(1) not null,
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primary key (id)
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)
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create table author_work (
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author_id BIGINT not null,
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work_id BIGINT not null,
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primary key (work_id, author_id)
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)
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create table authors (
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id BIGINT not null generated by default as identity,
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alias VARCHAR(255),
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primary key (id)
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)
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create table persons (
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id BIGINT not null generated by default as identity,
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name VARCHAR(255),
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primary key (id)
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)
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alter table authors
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add constraint authorsFK0 foreign key (id) references persons
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alter table author_work
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add constraint author_workFK0 foreign key (author_id) references authors
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alter table author_work
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add constraint author_workFK1 foreign key (work_id) references works]]></programlisting>
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</sect1>
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<sect1 id="example-mappings-customerorderproduct">
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<title>Customer/Order/Product</title>
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<para>
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이제 <literal>Customer</literal>, <literal>Order</literal>와 <literal>LineItem</literal>
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그리고 <literal>Product</literal> 사이의 관계들에 관한 모형을 검토하자. <literal>Customer</literal>와
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<literal>Order</literal> 사이의 one-to-many 연관이 존재하지만, 우리는 어떻게
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<literal>Order</literal> / <literal>LineItem</literal> / <literal>Product</literal>를
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표현할 것인가? 나는 <literal>Order</literal>와 <literal>Product</literal> 사이의 many-to-many
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연관를 나타내는 하나의 연관 클래스로서 <literal>LineItem</literal>을 매핑하기로 선택했다. Hibernate에서
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이것은 composite 요소로 명명된다.
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</para>
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<mediaobject>
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<imageobject role="fo">
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<imagedata fileref="images/CustomerOrderProduct.gif" format="GIF" align="center"/>
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</imageobject>
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<imageobject role="html">
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<imagedata fileref="../shared/images/CustomerOrderProduct.gif" format="GIF" align="center"/>
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</imageobject>
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</mediaobject>
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<para>
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매핑 문서:
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</para>
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<programlisting><![CDATA[<hibernate-mapping>
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<class name="Customer" table="customers">
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<id name="id">
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<generator class="native"/>
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</id>
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<property name="name"/>
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<set name="orders" inverse="true">
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<key column="customer_id"/>
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<one-to-many class="Order"/>
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</set>
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</class>
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<class name="Order" table="orders">
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<id name="id">
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<generator class="native"/>
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</id>
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<property name="date"/>
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<many-to-one name="customer" column="customer_id"/>
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<list name="lineItems" table="line_items">
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<key column="order_id"/>
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<list-index column="line_number"/>
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<composite-element class="LineItem">
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<property name="quantity"/>
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<many-to-one name="product" column="product_id"/>
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</composite-element>
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</list>
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</class>
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<class name="Product" table="products">
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<id name="id">
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<generator class="native"/>
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</id>
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<property name="serialNumber"/>
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</class>
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</hibernate-mapping>]]></programlisting>
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<para>
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<literal>customers</literal>, <literal>orders</literal>, <literal>line_items</literal> 그리고
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<literal>products</literal>는 각각 고객 데이터, 주문 데이터, 주문 라인 아이템 데이터, 그리고 제품 데이터를
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보관한다. <literal>line_items</literal>는 또한 주문들을 제품들과 연결시키는 연관 테이블로서 동작한다.
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</para>
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<programlisting><![CDATA[create table customers (
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id BIGINT not null generated by default as identity,
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name VARCHAR(255),
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primary key (id)
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)
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create table orders (
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id BIGINT not null generated by default as identity,
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customer_id BIGINT,
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date TIMESTAMP,
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primary key (id)
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)
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create table line_items (
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line_number INTEGER not null,
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order_id BIGINT not null,
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product_id BIGINT,
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quantity INTEGER,
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primary key (order_id, line_number)
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)
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create table products (
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id BIGINT not null generated by default as identity,
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serialNumber VARCHAR(255),
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primary key (id)
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)
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alter table orders
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add constraint ordersFK0 foreign key (customer_id) references customers
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alter table line_items
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add constraint line_itemsFK0 foreign key (product_id) references products
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alter table line_items
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add constraint line_itemsFK1 foreign key (order_id) references orders]]></programlisting>
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</sect1>
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<sect1 id="misc">
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<title>기타 예제 매핑들</title>
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<para>
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이들 예제들은 모두 Hiberante test suite로부터 취했다. 당신은 거기서 많은
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다른 유용한 예제 매핑들을 발견할 것이다. Hibernate 배포본의 <literal>test</literal>
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폴더를 살펴보라.
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</para>
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<para>TODO: 이 내용을 둘러싼 말들을 집어넣을 것.</para>
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<sect2 id="example-mappings-typed-onetone">
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<title>"형식화된(Typed)" one-to-one 연관</title>
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<programlisting><![CDATA[<class name="Person">
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<id name="name"/>
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<one-to-one name="address"
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cascade="all">
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<formula>name</formula>
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<formula>'HOME'</formula>
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</one-to-one>
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<one-to-one name="mailingAddress"
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cascade="all">
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<formula>name</formula>
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<formula>'MAILING'</formula>
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</one-to-one>
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</class>
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<class name="Address" batch-size="2"
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check="addressType in ('MAILING', 'HOME', 'BUSINESS')">
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<composite-id>
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<key-many-to-one name="person"
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column="personName"/>
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<key-property name="type"
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column="addressType"/>
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</composite-id>
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<property name="street" type="text"/>
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<property name="state"/>
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<property name="zip"/>
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</class>]]></programlisting>
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</sect2>
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<sect2 id="example-mappings-composite-key">
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<title>Composite 키 예제</title>
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<programlisting><![CDATA[<class name="Customer">
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<id name="customerId"
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length="10">
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<generator class="assigned"/>
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</id>
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<property name="name" not-null="true" length="100"/>
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<property name="address" not-null="true" length="200"/>
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<list name="orders"
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inverse="true"
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cascade="save-update">
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<key column="customerId"/>
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<index column="orderNumber"/>
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<one-to-many class="Order"/>
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</list>
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</class>
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<class name="Order" table="CustomerOrder" lazy="true">
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<synchronize table="LineItem"/>
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<synchronize table="Product"/>
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<composite-id name="id"
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class="Order$Id">
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<key-property name="customerId" length="10"/>
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<key-property name="orderNumber"/>
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</composite-id>
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<property name="orderDate"
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type="calendar_date"
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not-null="true"/>
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<property name="total">
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<formula>
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( select sum(li.quantity*p.price)
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from LineItem li, Product p
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where li.productId = p.productId
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and li.customerId = customerId
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and li.orderNumber = orderNumber )
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</formula>
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</property>
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<many-to-one name="customer"
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column="customerId"
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insert="false"
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update="false"
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not-null="true"/>
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<bag name="lineItems"
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fetch="join"
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inverse="true"
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cascade="save-update">
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<key>
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<column name="customerId"/>
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<column name="orderNumber"/>
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</key>
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<one-to-many class="LineItem"/>
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</bag>
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</class>
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<class name="LineItem">
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<composite-id name="id"
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class="LineItem$Id">
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<key-property name="customerId" length="10"/>
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<key-property name="orderNumber"/>
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<key-property name="productId" length="10"/>
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</composite-id>
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<property name="quantity"/>
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<many-to-one name="order"
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insert="false"
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update="false"
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not-null="true">
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<column name="customerId"/>
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<column name="orderNumber"/>
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</many-to-one>
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<many-to-one name="product"
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insert="false"
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update="false"
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not-null="true"
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column="productId"/>
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</class>
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<class name="Product">
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<synchronize table="LineItem"/>
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<id name="productId"
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length="10">
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<generator class="assigned"/>
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</id>
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<property name="description"
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not-null="true"
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length="200"/>
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<property name="price" length="3"/>
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<property name="numberAvailable"/>
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<property name="numberOrdered">
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<formula>
|
|
( select sum(li.quantity)
|
|
from LineItem li
|
|
where li.productId = productId )
|
|
</formula>
|
|
</property>
|
|
|
|
</class>]]></programlisting>
|
|
</sect2>
|
|
|
|
<sect2 id="example-mappings-composite-key-manytomany">
|
|
<title>공유된 합성 키 속성을 가진 Many-to-many</title>
|
|
<programlisting><![CDATA[<class name="User" table="`User`">
|
|
<composite-id>
|
|
<key-property name="name"/>
|
|
<key-property name="org"/>
|
|
</composite-id>
|
|
<set name="groups" table="UserGroup">
|
|
<key>
|
|
<column name="userName"/>
|
|
<column name="org"/>
|
|
</key>
|
|
<many-to-many class="Group">
|
|
<column name="groupName"/>
|
|
<formula>org</formula>
|
|
</many-to-many>
|
|
</set>
|
|
</class>
|
|
|
|
<class name="Group" table="`Group`">
|
|
<composite-id>
|
|
<key-property name="name"/>
|
|
<key-property name="org"/>
|
|
</composite-id>
|
|
<property name="description"/>
|
|
<set name="users" table="UserGroup" inverse="true">
|
|
<key>
|
|
<column name="groupName"/>
|
|
<column name="org"/>
|
|
</key>
|
|
<many-to-many class="User">
|
|
<column name="userName"/>
|
|
<formula>org</formula>
|
|
</many-to-many>
|
|
</set>
|
|
</class>
|
|
]]></programlisting>
|
|
</sect2>
|
|
|
|
<sect2 id="example-mappings-content-discrimination">
|
|
<title>내용 기반 판별</title>
|
|
<programlisting><![CDATA[<class name="Person"
|
|
discriminator-value="P">
|
|
|
|
<id name="id"
|
|
column="person_id"
|
|
unsaved-value="0">
|
|
<generator class="native"/>
|
|
</id>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<discriminator
|
|
type="character">
|
|
<formula>
|
|
case
|
|
when title is not null then 'E'
|
|
when salesperson is not null then 'C'
|
|
else 'P'
|
|
end
|
|
</formula>
|
|
</discriminator>
|
|
|
|
<property name="name"
|
|
not-null="true"
|
|
length="80"/>
|
|
|
|
<property name="sex"
|
|
not-null="true"
|
|
update="false"/>
|
|
|
|
<component name="address">
|
|
<property name="address"/>
|
|
<property name="zip"/>
|
|
<property name="country"/>
|
|
</component>
|
|
|
|
<subclass name="Employee"
|
|
discriminator-value="E">
|
|
<property name="title"
|
|
length="20"/>
|
|
<property name="salary"/>
|
|
<many-to-one name="manager"/>
|
|
</subclass>
|
|
|
|
<subclass name="Customer"
|
|
discriminator-value="C">
|
|
<property name="comments"/>
|
|
<many-to-one name="salesperson"/>
|
|
</subclass>
|
|
|
|
</class>]]></programlisting>
|
|
</sect2>
|
|
|
|
<sect2 id="example-mappings-association-alternatekeys" revision="2">
|
|
<title>대체 키들에 대한 연관들</title>
|
|
<programlisting><![CDATA[<class name="Person">
|
|
|
|
<id name="id">
|
|
<generator class="hilo"/>
|
|
</id>
|
|
|
|
<property name="name" length="100"/>
|
|
|
|
<one-to-one name="address"
|
|
property-ref="person"
|
|
cascade="all"
|
|
fetch="join"/>
|
|
|
|
<set name="accounts"
|
|
inverse="true">
|
|
<key column="userId"
|
|
property-ref="userId"/>
|
|
<one-to-many class="Account"/>
|
|
</set>
|
|
|
|
<property name="userId" length="8"/>
|
|
|
|
</class>
|
|
|
|
<class name="Address">
|
|
|
|
<id name="id">
|
|
<generator class="hilo"/>
|
|
</id>
|
|
|
|
<property name="address" length="300"/>
|
|
<property name="zip" length="5"/>
|
|
<property name="country" length="25"/>
|
|
<many-to-one name="person" unique="true" not-null="true"/>
|
|
|
|
</class>
|
|
|
|
<class name="Account">
|
|
<id name="accountId" length="32">
|
|
<generator class="uuid"/>
|
|
</id>
|
|
|
|
<many-to-one name="user"
|
|
column="userId"
|
|
property-ref="userId"/>
|
|
|
|
<property name="type" not-null="true"/>
|
|
|
|
</class>]]></programlisting>
|
|
</sect2>
|
|
|
|
</sect1>
|
|
|
|
</chapter>
|
|
|