[[search-aggregations-bucket-parent-aggregation]]
=== Parent Aggregation

A special single bucket aggregation that selects parent documents that have the specified type, as defined in a <<parent-join,`join` field>>.

This aggregation has a single option:

* `type` - The child type that should be selected.

For example, let's say we have an index of questions and answers. The answer type has the following `join` field in the mapping:

[source,js]
--------------------------------------------------
PUT parent_example
{
  "mappings": {
    "_doc": {
      "properties": {
        "join": {
          "type": "join",
          "relations": {
            "question": "answer"
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
}
--------------------------------------------------
// CONSOLE

The `question` document contain a tag field and the `answer` documents contain an owner field. With the `parent`
aggregation the owner buckets can be mapped to the tag buckets in a single request even though the two fields exist in
two different kinds of documents.

An example of a question document:

[source,js]
--------------------------------------------------
PUT parent_example/_doc/1
{
  "join": {
    "name": "question"
  },
  "body": "<p>I have Windows 2003 server and i bought a new Windows 2008 server...",
  "title": "Whats the best way to file transfer my site from server to a newer one?",
  "tags": [
    "windows-server-2003",
    "windows-server-2008",
    "file-transfer"
  ]
}
--------------------------------------------------
// CONSOLE
// TEST[continued]

Examples of `answer` documents:

[source,js]
--------------------------------------------------
PUT parent_example/_doc/2?routing=1
{
  "join": {
    "name": "answer",
    "parent": "1"
  },
  "owner": {
    "location": "Norfolk, United Kingdom",
    "display_name": "Sam",
    "id": 48
  },
  "body": "<p>Unfortunately you're pretty much limited to FTP...",
  "creation_date": "2009-05-04T13:45:37.030"
}

PUT parent_example/_doc/3?routing=1&refresh
{
  "join": {
    "name": "answer",
    "parent": "1"
  },
  "owner": {
    "location": "Norfolk, United Kingdom",
    "display_name": "Troll",
    "id": 49
  },
  "body": "<p>Use Linux...",
  "creation_date": "2009-05-05T13:45:37.030"
}
--------------------------------------------------
// CONSOLE
// TEST[continued]

The following request can be built that connects the two together:

[source,js]
--------------------------------------------------
POST parent_example/_search?size=0
{
  "aggs": {
    "top-names": {
      "terms": {
        "field": "owner.display_name.keyword",
        "size": 10
      },
      "aggs": {
        "to-questions": {
          "parent": {
            "type" : "answer" <1>
          },
          "aggs": {
            "top-tags": {
              "terms": {
                "field": "tags.keyword",
                "size": 10
              }
            }
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
}
--------------------------------------------------
// CONSOLE
// TEST[continued]

<1> The `type` points to type / mapping with the name `answer`.

The above example returns the top answer owners and per owner the top question tags.

Possible response:

[source,js]
--------------------------------------------------
{
  "took": 9,
  "timed_out": false,
  "_shards": {
    "total": 1,
    "successful": 1,
    "skipped": 0,
    "failed": 0
  },
  "hits": {
    "total": 3,
    "max_score": null,
    "hits": []
  },
  "aggregations": {
    "top-names": {
      "doc_count_error_upper_bound": 0,
      "sum_other_doc_count": 0,
      "buckets": [
        {
          "key": "Sam",
          "doc_count": 1, <1>
          "to-questions": {
            "doc_count": 1, <2>
            "top-tags": {
              "doc_count_error_upper_bound": 0,
              "sum_other_doc_count": 0,
              "buckets": [
                {
                  "key": "file-transfer",
                  "doc_count": 1
                },
                {
                  "key": "windows-server-2003",
                  "doc_count": 1
                },
                {
                  "key": "windows-server-2008",
                  "doc_count": 1
                }
              ]
            }
          }
        },
        {
          "key": "Troll",
          "doc_count": 1,
          "to-questions": {
            "doc_count": 1,
            "top-tags": {
              "doc_count_error_upper_bound": 0,
              "sum_other_doc_count": 0,
              "buckets": [
                {
                  "key": "file-transfer",
                  "doc_count": 1
                },
                {
                  "key": "windows-server-2003",
                  "doc_count": 1
                },
                {
                  "key": "windows-server-2008",
                  "doc_count": 1
                }
              ]
            }
          }
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}
--------------------------------------------------
// TESTRESPONSE[s/"took": 9/"took": $body.took/]

<1> The number of answer documents with the tag `Sam`, `Troll`, etc.
<2> The number of question documents that are related to answer documents with the tag `Sam`, `Troll`, etc.
