2014-01-24 06:27:00 -05:00
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[[query-dsl-template-query]]
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=== Template Query
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coming[1.1.0]
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A query that accepts a query template and a map of key/value pairs to fill in
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template parameters.
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[source,js]
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------------------------------------------
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2014-03-17 06:30:47 -04:00
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GET /_search
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2014-01-24 06:27:00 -05:00
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{
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"query": {
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"template": {
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"query": {"match_{{template}}": {}},
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"params" : {
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"template" : "all"
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}
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}
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}
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}
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------------------------------------------
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2014-03-17 06:30:47 -04:00
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Alternatively passing the template as an escaped string works as well:
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[source,js]
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------------------------------------------
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GET /_search
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2014-01-24 06:27:00 -05:00
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{
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"query": {
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"template": {
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"query": "{\"match_{{template}}\": {}}\"", <1>
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"params" : {
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"template" : "all"
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}
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}
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}
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}
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------------------------------------------
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2014-03-17 06:30:47 -04:00
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<1> New line characters (`\n`) should be escaped as `\\n` or removed,
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and quotes (`"`) should be escaped as `\\"`.
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You can register a template by storing it in the `config/scripts` directory.
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In order to execute the stored template, reference it by name in the `query`
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parameter:
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[source,js]
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------------------------------------------
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2014-03-17 06:30:47 -04:00
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GET /_search
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2014-01-24 06:27:00 -05:00
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{
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"query": {
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"template": {
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"query": "storedTemplate", <1>
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"params" : {
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"template" : "all"
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}
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}
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}
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}
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------------------------------------------
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<1> Name of the the query template in `config/scripts/`.
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Templating is based on Mustache. For simple token substitution all you provide
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is a query containing some variable that you want to substitute and the actual
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values:
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[source,js]
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------------------------------------------
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2014-03-17 06:30:47 -04:00
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GET /_search
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2014-01-24 06:27:00 -05:00
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{
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"query": {
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"template": {
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"query": {"match_{{template}}": {}},
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"params" : {
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"template" : "all"
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}
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}
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}
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}
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------------------------------------------
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which is then turned into:
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[source,js]
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------------------------------------------
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{
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"query": {
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"match_all": {}
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}
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}
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------------------------------------------
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There is also a dedicated `template` endpoint, which allows you to specify the template query directly.
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You can use the `/_search/template` endpoint for that.
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[source,js]
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------------------------------------------
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GET /_search/template
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{
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"template" : {
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"query": { "match" : { "{{my_field}}" : "{{my_value}}" } },
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"size" : {{my_size}}
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},
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"params" : {
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"my_field" : "foo",
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"my_value" : "bar",
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"my_size" : 5
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}
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}
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------------------------------------------
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For more information on how Mustache templating and what kind of templating you
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can do with it check out the http://mustache.github.io/mustache.5.html[online
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documentation of the mustache project].
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[float]
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==== More template examples
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[float]
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===== Filling in a query string with a single value
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[source,js]
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------------------------------------------
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GET /_search/template
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{
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"template": {
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"query": {
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"match": {
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"title": "{{query_string}}"
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}
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}
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},
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"params": {
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"query_string": "search for these words"
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}
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}
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------------------------------------------
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[float]
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===== Passing an array of strings
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[source,js]
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------------------------------------------
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GET /_search/template
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{
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"template": {
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"query": {
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"terms": {
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"status": [
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"{{#status}}",
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"{{.}}",
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"{{/status}}"
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]
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}
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}
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},
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"params": {
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"status": [ "pending", "published" ]
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}
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}
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------------------------------------------
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which is rendered as:
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[source,js]
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------------------------------------------
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{
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"query": {
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"terms": {
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"status": [ "pending", "published" ]
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}
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}
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------------------------------------------
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[float]
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===== Default values
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A default value is written as `{{var}}{{^var}}default{{/var}}` for instance:
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[source,js]
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------------------------------------------
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{
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"template": {
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"query": {
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"range": {
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"line_no": {
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"gte": "{{start}}",
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"lte": "{{end}}{{^end}}20{{/end}}"
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}
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}
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}
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},
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"params": { ... }
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}
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------------------------------------------
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When `params` is `{ "start": 10, "end": 15 }` this query would be rendered as:
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[source,js]
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------------------------------------------
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{
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"range": {
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"line_no": {
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"gte": "10",
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"lte": "15"
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}
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}
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}
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------------------------------------------
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But when `params` is `{ "start": 10 }` this query would use the default value
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for `end`:
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[source,js]
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------------------------------------------
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{
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"range": {
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"line_no": {
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"gte": "10",
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"lte": "20"
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}
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}
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}
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------------------------------------------
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[float]
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===== Conditional clauses
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Conditional clauses cannot be expressed using the JSON form of the template.
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Instead, the template *must* be passed as a string. For instance, let's say
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we wanted to run a `match` query on the `line` field, and optionally wanted
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to filter by line numbers, where `start` and `end` are optional.
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The `params` would look like:
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[source,js]
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------------------------------------------
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{
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"params": {
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"text": "words to search for",
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"line_no": { <1>
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"start": 10, <1>
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"end": 20 <1>
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}
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}
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}
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------------------------------------------
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<1> All three of these elements are optional.
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We could write the query as:
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[source,js]
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------------------------------------------
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{
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"filtered": {
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"query": {
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"match": {
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"line": "{{text}}" <1>
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}
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},
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"filter": {
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{{#line_no}} <2>
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"range": {
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"line_no": {
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{{#start}} <3>
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"gte": "{{start}}" <4>
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{{#end}},{{/end}} <5>
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{{/start}} <3>
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{{#end}} <6>
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"lte": "{{end}}" <7>
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{{/end}} </6>
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}
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}
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{{/line_no}} <2>
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}
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}
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}
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------------------------------------------
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<1> Fill in the value of param `text`
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<2> Include the `range` filter only if `line_no` is specified
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<3> Include the `gte` clause only if `line_no.start` is specified
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<4> Fill in the value of param `line_no.start`
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<5> Add a comma after the `gte` clause only if `line_no.start`
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AND `line_no.end` are specified
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<6> Include the `lte` clause only if `line_no.end` is specified
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<7> Fill in the value of param `line_no.end`
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As written above, this template is not valid JSON because it includes the
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_section_ markers like `{{#line_no}}`. For this reason, the template
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can only be written as a string.
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