SQL: implement COT, RANDOM, SIGN math functions (elastic/x-pack-elasticsearch#4394)

Add a number of missing math functions

Original commit: elastic/x-pack-elasticsearch@a26d9d2454

plugin/sql/src/main/java/org/elasticsearch/xpack/sql/expression/function/FunctionRegistry.java

@@ -40,6 +40,7 @@ import org.elasticsearch.xpack.sql.expression.function.scalar.math.Cbrt;
 import org.elasticsearch.xpack.sql.expression.function.scalar.math.Ceil;
 import org.elasticsearch.xpack.sql.expression.function.scalar.math.Cos;
 import org.elasticsearch.xpack.sql.expression.function.scalar.math.Cosh;
+import org.elasticsearch.xpack.sql.expression.function.scalar.math.Cot;
 import org.elasticsearch.xpack.sql.expression.function.scalar.math.Degrees;
 import org.elasticsearch.xpack.sql.expression.function.scalar.math.E;
 import org.elasticsearch.xpack.sql.expression.function.scalar.math.Exp;
@@ -50,7 +51,9 @@ import org.elasticsearch.xpack.sql.expression.function.scalar.math.Log10;
 import org.elasticsearch.xpack.sql.expression.function.scalar.math.Pi;
 import org.elasticsearch.xpack.sql.expression.function.scalar.math.Power;
 import org.elasticsearch.xpack.sql.expression.function.scalar.math.Radians;
+import org.elasticsearch.xpack.sql.expression.function.scalar.math.Random;
 import org.elasticsearch.xpack.sql.expression.function.scalar.math.Round;
+import org.elasticsearch.xpack.sql.expression.function.scalar.math.Sign;
 import org.elasticsearch.xpack.sql.expression.function.scalar.math.Sin;
 import org.elasticsearch.xpack.sql.expression.function.scalar.math.Sinh;
 import org.elasticsearch.xpack.sql.expression.function.scalar.math.Sqrt;
@@ -109,9 +112,10 @@ public class FunctionRegistry {
             def(ATan.class, ATan::new),
             def(ATan2.class, ATan2::new),
             def(Cbrt.class, Cbrt::new),
-            def(Ceil.class, Ceil::new),
+            def(Ceil.class, Ceil::new, "CEILING"),
             def(Cos.class, Cos::new),
             def(Cosh.class, Cosh::new),
+            def(Cot.class, Cot::new),
             def(Degrees.class, Degrees::new),
             def(E.class, E::new),
             def(Exp.class, Exp::new),
@@ -124,7 +128,9 @@ public class FunctionRegistry {
             def(Pi.class, Pi::new),
             def(Power.class, Power::new),
             def(Radians.class, Radians::new),
+            def(Random.class, Random::new, "RAND"),
             def(Round.class, Round::new),
+            def(Sign.class, Sign::new, "SIGNUM"),
             def(Sin.class, Sin::new),
             def(Sinh.class, Sinh::new),
             def(Sqrt.class, Sqrt::new),

plugin/sql/src/main/java/org/elasticsearch/xpack/sql/expression/function/scalar/math/Cot.java

@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright Elasticsearch B.V. and/or licensed to Elasticsearch B.V. under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements. Licensed under the Elastic License;
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the Elastic License.
+ */
+package org.elasticsearch.xpack.sql.expression.function.scalar.math;
+
+import org.elasticsearch.xpack.sql.expression.Expression;
+import org.elasticsearch.xpack.sql.expression.function.scalar.math.MathProcessor.MathOperation;
+import org.elasticsearch.xpack.sql.tree.Location;
+import org.elasticsearch.xpack.sql.tree.NodeInfo;
+
+import java.util.Locale;
+
+import static java.lang.String.format;
+
+/**
+ * <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trigonometric_functions#Cosecant,_secant,_and_cotangent">Cotangent</a>
+ * function.
+ */
+public class Cot extends MathFunction {
+    public Cot(Location location, Expression field) {
+        super(location, field);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected NodeInfo<Cot> info() {
+        return NodeInfo.create(this, Cot::new, field());
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected Cot replaceChild(Expression newChild) {
+        return new Cot(location(), newChild);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected String formatScript(String template) {
+        return super.formatScript(format(Locale.ROOT, "1.0 / Math.tan(%s)", template));
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected MathOperation operation() {
+        return MathOperation.COT;
+    }
+}

plugin/sql/src/main/java/org/elasticsearch/xpack/sql/expression/function/scalar/math/MathProcessor.java

@@ -5,12 +5,14 @@
  */
 package org.elasticsearch.xpack.sql.expression.function.scalar.math;
 
+import org.elasticsearch.common.Randomness;
 import org.elasticsearch.common.io.stream.StreamInput;
 import org.elasticsearch.common.io.stream.StreamOutput;
 import org.elasticsearch.xpack.sql.SqlIllegalArgumentException;
 import org.elasticsearch.xpack.sql.expression.function.scalar.processor.runtime.Processor;
 
 import java.io.IOException;
+import java.util.Random;
 import java.util.function.DoubleFunction;
 import java.util.function.Function;
 import java.util.function.Supplier;
@@ -26,6 +28,7 @@ public class MathProcessor implements Processor {
                 return Math.abs(((Double) l).doubleValue());
             }
             long lo = ((Number) l).longValue();
+            //handles the corner-case of Long.MIN_VALUE
             return lo >= 0 ? lo : lo == Long.MIN_VALUE ? Long.MAX_VALUE : -lo;
         }),
 
@@ -36,6 +39,7 @@ public class MathProcessor implements Processor {
         CEIL(Math::ceil),
         COS(Math::cos),
         COSH(Math::cosh),
+        COT((Object l) -> 1.0d / Math.tan(((Number) l).doubleValue())),
         DEGREES(Math::toDegrees),
         E(() -> Math.E),
         EXP(Math::exp),
@@ -45,7 +49,11 @@ public class MathProcessor implements Processor {
         LOG10(Math::log10),
         PI(() -> Math.PI),
         RADIANS(Math::toRadians),
+        RANDOM((Object l) -> l != null ?
+                new Random(((Number) l).longValue()).nextDouble() :
+                Randomness.get().nextDouble(), true),
         ROUND((DoubleFunction<Object>) Math::round),
+        SIGN((DoubleFunction<Object>) Math::signum),
         SIN(Math::sin),
         SINH(Math::sinh),
         SQRT(Math::sqrt),
@@ -54,7 +62,20 @@ public class MathProcessor implements Processor {
         private final Function<Object, Object> apply;
 
         MathOperation(Function<Object, Object> apply) {
-            this.apply = l -> l == null ? null : apply.apply(l);
+            this(apply, false);
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Wrapper for nulls around the given function.
+         * If true, nulls are passed through, otherwise the function is short-circuited
+         * and null returned.
+         */
+        MathOperation(Function<Object, Object> apply, boolean nullAware) {
+            if (nullAware) {
+                this.apply = apply;
+            } else {
+                this.apply = l -> l == null ? null : apply.apply(l);
+            }
         }
 
         MathOperation(DoubleFunction<Object> apply) {

plugin/sql/src/main/java/org/elasticsearch/xpack/sql/expression/function/scalar/math/Random.java

@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright Elasticsearch B.V. and/or licensed to Elasticsearch B.V. under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements. Licensed under the Elastic License;
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the Elastic License.
+ */
+package org.elasticsearch.xpack.sql.expression.function.scalar.math;
+
+import org.elasticsearch.xpack.sql.expression.Expression;
+import org.elasticsearch.xpack.sql.expression.function.scalar.math.MathProcessor.MathOperation;
+import org.elasticsearch.xpack.sql.tree.Location;
+import org.elasticsearch.xpack.sql.tree.NodeInfo;
+
+import java.util.Locale;
+
+import static java.lang.String.format;
+
+/**
+ * Returns a random double (using the given seed).
+ */
+public class Random extends MathFunction {
+
+    public Random(Location location, Expression field) {
+        super(location, field);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected NodeInfo<Random> info() {
+        return NodeInfo.create(this, Random::new, field());
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected Random replaceChild(Expression newChild) {
+        return new Random(location(), newChild);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected String formatScript(String template) {
+        //TODO: Painless script uses Random since Randomness is not whitelisted
+        return super.formatScript(
+                format(Locale.ROOT, "%s != null ? new Random((long) %s).nextDouble() : Math.random()", template, template));
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected MathOperation operation() {
+        return MathOperation.RANDOM;
+    }
+}

plugin/sql/src/main/java/org/elasticsearch/xpack/sql/expression/function/scalar/math/Sign.java

@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright Elasticsearch B.V. and/or licensed to Elasticsearch B.V. under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements. Licensed under the Elastic License;
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the Elastic License.
+ */
+package org.elasticsearch.xpack.sql.expression.function.scalar.math;
+
+import org.elasticsearch.xpack.sql.expression.Expression;
+import org.elasticsearch.xpack.sql.expression.function.scalar.math.MathProcessor.MathOperation;
+import org.elasticsearch.xpack.sql.tree.Location;
+import org.elasticsearch.xpack.sql.tree.NodeInfo;
+import org.elasticsearch.xpack.sql.type.DataType;
+
+/**
+ * Returns the sign of the given expression:
+ * <ul>
+ * <li>-1 if it is negative</li>
+ * <li> 0 if it is zero</li>
+ * <li>+1 if it is positive</li>
+ * </ul>
+ */
+public class Sign extends MathFunction {
+    public Sign(Location location, Expression field) {
+        super(location, field);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected NodeInfo<Sign> info() {
+        return NodeInfo.create(this, Sign::new, field());
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected Sign replaceChild(Expression newChild) {
+        return new Sign(location(), newChild);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected String mathFunction() {
+        return "signum";
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected MathOperation operation() {
+        return MathOperation.SIGN;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public DataType dataType() {
+        return DataType.INTEGER;
+    }
+}

plugin/sql/src/test/java/org/elasticsearch/xpack/sql/analysis/analyzer/VerifierErrorMessagesTests.java

@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ public class VerifierErrorMessagesTests extends ESTestCase {
     }
 
     public void testMisspelledFunction() {
-        assertEquals("1:8: Unknown function [COONT], did you mean [COUNT]?", verify("SELECT COONT(bool) FROM test"));
+        assertEquals("1:8: Unknown function [COONT], did you mean any of [COUNT, COT]?", verify("SELECT COONT(bool) FROM test"));
     }
 
     public void testMissingColumnInGroupBy() {

plugin/sql/src/test/java/org/elasticsearch/xpack/sql/expression/function/scalar/math/MathFunctionProcessorTests.java

@@ -49,4 +49,10 @@ public class MathFunctionProcessorTests extends AbstractWireSerializingTestCase<
         assertEquals("A number is required; received [string]", siae.getMessage());
 
     }
+
+    public void testRandom() {
+        MathProcessor proc = new MathProcessor(MathOperation.RANDOM);
+        assertNotNull(proc.process(null));
+        assertNotNull(proc.process(randomLong()));
+    }
 }

qa/sql/src/main/resources/command.csv-spec

@@ -45,8 +45,10 @@ ATAN            |SCALAR
 ATAN2           |SCALAR
 CBRT            |SCALAR
 CEIL            |SCALAR
+CEILING         |SCALAR
 COS             |SCALAR
 COSH            |SCALAR
+COT             |SCALAR
 DEGREES         |SCALAR
 E               |SCALAR
 EXP             |SCALAR
@@ -58,7 +60,11 @@ MOD             |SCALAR
 PI              |SCALAR
 POWER           |SCALAR
 RADIANS         |SCALAR
+RANDOM          |SCALAR
+RAND            |SCALAR
 ROUND           |SCALAR
+SIGN            |SCALAR
+SIGNUM          |SCALAR
 SIN             |SCALAR
 SINH            |SCALAR
 SQRT            |SCALAR

qa/sql/src/main/resources/math.sql-spec

@@ -31,6 +31,10 @@ mathCosh
 // tag::cosh
 SELECT COSH(emp_no) m, first_name FROM "test_emp" WHERE emp_no < 10010 ORDER BY emp_no;
 // end::cosh
+mathCot
+// tag::cot
+SELECT COT(emp_no) m, first_name FROM "test_emp" WHERE emp_no < 10010 ORDER BY emp_no;
+// end::cot
 mathDegrees
 // tag::degrees
 SELECT DEGREES(emp_no) m, first_name FROM "test_emp" WHERE emp_no < 10010 ORDER BY emp_no;
@@ -59,6 +63,10 @@ SELECT RADIANS(emp_no) m, first_name FROM "test_emp" WHERE emp_no < 10010 ORDER
 // end::radians
 mathRound
 SELECT CAST(ROUND(emp_no) AS INT) m, first_name FROM "test_emp" WHERE emp_no < 10010 ORDER BY emp_no;
+mathSign
+// tag::sign
+SELECT SIGN(emp_no) m, first_name FROM "test_emp" WHERE emp_no < 10010 ORDER BY emp_no;
+// end::sign
 mathSin
 // tag::sin
 SELECT SIN(emp_no) m, first_name FROM "test_emp" WHERE emp_no < 10010 ORDER BY emp_no;