diff --git a/plugin/src/main/java/org/elasticsearch/xpack/ml/action/PutJobAction.java b/plugin/src/main/java/org/elasticsearch/xpack/ml/action/PutJobAction.java
index d1e29dea7ce..06e657c2a91 100644
--- a/plugin/src/main/java/org/elasticsearch/xpack/ml/action/PutJobAction.java
+++ b/plugin/src/main/java/org/elasticsearch/xpack/ml/action/PutJobAction.java
@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@ import org.elasticsearch.transport.TransportService;
 import org.elasticsearch.xpack.XPackPlugin;
 import org.elasticsearch.xpack.ml.job.JobManager;
 import org.elasticsearch.xpack.ml.job.config.Job;
+import org.elasticsearch.xpack.ml.job.messages.Messages;
 
 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.util.Date;
@@ -66,6 +67,9 @@ public class PutJobAction extends Action<PutJobAction.Request, PutJobAction.Resp
             Job.Builder job = Job.PARSER.apply(parser, null);
             if (job.getId() == null) {
                 job.setId(jobId);
+            } else if (!Strings.isNullOrEmpty(jobId) && !jobId.equals(job.getId())) {
+                // If we have both URI and body job ID, they must be identical
+                throw new IllegalArgumentException(Messages.getMessage(Messages.INCONSISTENT_ID, Job.ID.getPreferredName(), job.getId(), jobId));
             }
             if (job.getCreateTime() == null) {
                 job.setCreateTime(new Date());