SQL: Implement DATETIME_FORMAT function for date/time formatting (#54832) (#54942)

Implement DATETIME_FORMAT(<date/datetime/time>, ) function
which allows for formatting a timestamp to the specified format. The
patterns allowed as those of java.time.format.DateTimeFormatter.

Related to #53714

(cherry picked from commit 72be0b54a9299e87e785469cdc9aafac2a48c046)

docs/reference/sql/functions/date-time.asciidoc

@@ -404,6 +404,48 @@ include-tagged::{sql-specs}/docs/docs.csv-spec[dateDiffDateTimeMinutes]
 include-tagged::{sql-specs}/docs/docs.csv-spec[dateDiffDateMinutes]
 --------------------------------------------------
 
+[[sql-functions-datetime-datetimeformat]]
+==== `DATETIME_FORMAT`
+
+.Synopsis:
+[source, sql]
+--------------------------------------------------
+DATETIME_FORMAT(
+    date_exp/datetime_exp/time_exp, <1>
+    string_exp) <2>
+--------------------------------------------------
+
+*Input*:
+
+<1> date/datetime/time expression
+<2> format pattern
+
+*Output*: string
+
+*Description*: Returns the date/datetime/time as a string using the format specified in the 2nd argument. The formatting
+pattern used is the one from
+https://docs.oracle.com/en/java/javase/14/docs/api/java.base/java/time/format/DateTimeFormatter.html[`java.time.format.DateTimeFormatter`].
+If any of the two arguments is `null` or the pattern is an empty string `null` is returned.
+
+NOTE::
+If the 1st argument is of type `time`, then pattern specified by the 2nd argument cannot contain date related units
+(e.g. 'dd', 'MM', 'YYYY', etc.). If it contains such units an error is returned.
+
+[source, sql]
+--------------------------------------------------
+include-tagged::{sql-specs}/docs/docs.csv-spec[dateTimeFormatDate]
+--------------------------------------------------
+
+[source, sql]
+--------------------------------------------------
+include-tagged::{sql-specs}/docs/docs.csv-spec[dateTimeFormatDateTime]
+--------------------------------------------------
+
+[source, sql]
+--------------------------------------------------
+include-tagged::{sql-specs}/docs/docs.csv-spec[dateTimeFormatTime]
+--------------------------------------------------
+
 [[sql-functions-datetime-part]]
 ==== `DATE_PART/DATEPART`
 

docs/reference/sql/functions/index.asciidoc

@@ -53,6 +53,7 @@
 ** <<sql-functions-current-timestamp>>
 ** <<sql-functions-datetime-add>>
 ** <<sql-functions-datetime-diff>>
+** <<sql-functions-datetime-datetimeformat>>
 ** <<sql-functions-datetime-part>>
 ** <<sql-functions-datetime-trunc>>
 ** <<sql-functions-datetime-day>>

x-pack/plugin/sql/qa/src/main/resources/command.csv-spec

@@ -44,6 +44,7 @@ CURTIME          |SCALAR
 DATEADD          |SCALAR
 DATEDIFF         |SCALAR
 DATEPART         |SCALAR
+DATETIME_FORMAT  |SCALAR
 DATETRUNC        |SCALAR
 DATE_ADD         |SCALAR
 DATE_DIFF        |SCALAR
@@ -60,8 +61,8 @@ DAY_OF_WEEK      |SCALAR
 DAY_OF_YEAR      |SCALAR
 DOM              |SCALAR
 DOW              |SCALAR         
-DOY              |SCALAR         
+DOY              |SCALAR
-HOUR             |SCALAR         
+HOUR             |SCALAR
 HOUR_OF_DAY      |SCALAR         
 IDOW             |SCALAR
 ISODAYOFWEEK     |SCALAR

x-pack/plugin/sql/qa/src/main/resources/datetime.csv-spec

@@ -476,6 +476,110 @@ null       | 430
 F          | 391
 ;
 
+selectDateTimeFormat
+schema::df_date:s|df_datetime:s|df_time:s
+SELECT DATETIME_FORMAT('2020-04-05T11:22:33.123Z'::date, 'dd/MM/YYYY HH:mm:ss.SSS') AS df_date,
+DATETIME_FORMAT('2020-04-05T11:22:33.123Z'::datetime, 'dd/MM/YYYY HH:mm:ss.SS') AS df_datetime,
+DATETIME_FORMAT('11:22:33.123456789Z'::time, 'HH:mm:ss.SS') AS df_time;
+
+       df_date          |    df_datetime         |   df_time
+------------------------+------------------------+----------------
+05/04/2020 00:00:00.000 | 05/04/2020 11:22:33.12 | 11:22:33.12
+;
+
+selectDateTimeFormatWithField
+schema::birth_date:ts|df_birth_date1:s|df_birth_date2:s
+SELECT birth_date, DATETIME_FORMAT(birth_date, 'MM/dd/YYYY') AS df_birth_date1, DATETIME_FORMAT(birth_date, concat(gender, 'M/dd')) AS df_birth_date2
+FROM test_emp WHERE gender = 'M' AND emp_no BETWEEN 10037 AND 10052 ORDER BY emp_no;
+
+       birth_date        | df_birth_date1 | df_birth_date2
+-------------------------+----------------+----------------
+1963-07-22 00:00:00.000Z | 07/22/1963     | 07/22
+1960-07-20 00:00:00.000Z | 07/20/1960     | 07/20
+1959-10-01 00:00:00.000Z | 10/01/1959     | 10/01
+null                     | null           | null
+null                     | null           | null
+null                     | null           | null
+null                     | null           | null
+null                     | null           | null
+1958-05-21 00:00:00.000Z | 05/21/1958     | 05/21
+1953-07-28 00:00:00.000Z | 07/28/1953     | 07/28
+1961-02-26 00:00:00.000Z | 02/26/1961     | 02/26
+;
+
+dateTimeFormatWhere
+schema::birth_date:ts|df_birth_date:s
+SELECT birth_date, DATETIME_FORMAT(birth_date, 'MM') AS df_birth_date FROM test_emp
+WHERE DATETIME_FORMAT(birth_date, 'MM')::integer > 10 ORDER BY emp_no LIMIT 10;
+
+       birth_date        | df_birth_date
+-------------------------+---------------
+1959-12-03 00:00:00.000Z | 12
+1953-11-07 00:00:00.000Z | 11
+1952-12-24 00:00:00.000Z | 12
+1963-11-26 00:00:00.000Z | 11
+1956-12-13 00:00:00.000Z | 12
+1956-11-14 00:00:00.000Z | 11
+1962-12-29 00:00:00.000Z | 12
+1961-11-02 00:00:00.000Z | 11
+1952-11-13 00:00:00.000Z | 11
+1962-11-26 00:00:00.000Z | 11
+;
+
+dateTimeFormatOrderBy
+schema::birth_date:ts|df_birth_date:s
+SELECT birth_date, DATETIME_FORMAT(birth_date, 'MM/dd/YYYY') AS df_birth_date FROM test_emp ORDER BY 2 DESC NULLS LAST LIMIT 10;
+
+       birth_date        | df_birth_date
+-------------------------+---------------
+1962-12-29 00:00:00.000Z | 12/29/1962
+1959-12-25 00:00:00.000Z | 12/25/1959
+1952-12-24 00:00:00.000Z | 12/24/1952
+1960-12-17 00:00:00.000Z | 12/17/1960
+1956-12-13 00:00:00.000Z | 12/13/1956
+1959-12-03 00:00:00.000Z | 12/03/1959
+1957-12-03 00:00:00.000Z | 12/03/1957
+1963-11-26 00:00:00.000Z | 11/26/1963
+1962-11-26 00:00:00.000Z | 11/26/1962
+1962-11-19 00:00:00.000Z | 11/19/1962
+;
+
+dateTimeFormatGroupBy
+schema::count:l|df_birth_date:s
+SELECT count(*) AS count, DATETIME_FORMAT(birth_date, 'MM') AS df_birth_date FROM test_emp GROUP BY df_birth_date ORDER BY 1 DESC, 2 DESC;
+
+ count | df_birth_date
+-------+---------------
+10     | 09
+10     | 05
+10     | null
+9      | 10
+9      | 07
+8      | 11
+8      | 04
+8      | 02
+7      | 12
+7      | 06
+6      | 08
+6      | 01
+2      | 03
+;
+
+dateTimeFormatHaving
+schema::max:ts|df_birth_date:s
+SELECT MAX(birth_date) AS max, DATETIME_FORMAT(birth_date, 'MM') AS df_birth_date FROM test_emp GROUP BY df_birth_date
+HAVING DATETIME_FORMAT(MAX(birth_date), 'dd')::integer > 20  ORDER BY 1 DESC;
+
+          max            | df_birth_date
+-------------------------+---------------
+1963-11-26 00:00:00.000Z | 11
+1963-07-22 00:00:00.000Z | 07
+1963-03-21 00:00:00.000Z | 03
+1962-12-29 00:00:00.000Z | 12
+1961-05-30 00:00:00.000Z | 05
+1961-02-26 00:00:00.000Z | 02
+;
+
 selectDateTruncWithDateTime
 schema::dt_hour:ts|dt_min:ts|dt_sec:ts|dt_millis:s|dt_micro:s|dt_nano:s
 SELECT DATE_TRUNC('hour', '2019-09-04T11:22:33.123Z'::datetime) as dt_hour, DATE_TRUNC('minute', '2019-09-04T11:22:33.123Z'::datetime) as dt_min,

x-pack/plugin/sql/qa/src/main/resources/docs/docs.csv-spec

@@ -240,6 +240,7 @@ CURTIME          |SCALAR
 DATEADD          |SCALAR
 DATEDIFF         |SCALAR
 DATEPART         |SCALAR
+DATETIME_FORMAT  |SCALAR
 DATETRUNC        |SCALAR
 DATE_ADD         |SCALAR
 DATE_DIFF        |SCALAR
@@ -256,8 +257,8 @@ DAY_OF_WEEK      |SCALAR
 DAY_OF_YEAR      |SCALAR
 DOM              |SCALAR
 DOW              |SCALAR         
-DOY              |SCALAR         
+DOY              |SCALAR
-HOUR             |SCALAR         
+HOUR             |SCALAR
 HOUR_OF_DAY      |SCALAR         
 IDOW             |SCALAR
 ISODAYOFWEEK     |SCALAR
@@ -2547,6 +2548,35 @@ SELECT DATE_DIFF('minutes', '2019-09-04'::date, '2015-08-17T22:33:11.567Z'::date
 // end::dateDiffDateMinutes
 ;
 
+dateTimeFormatDate
+// tag::dateTimeFormatDate
+SELECT DATETIME_FORMAT(CAST('2020-04-05' AS DATE), 'dd/MM/YYYY') AS "date";
+
+      date
+------------------
+05/04/2020
+// end::dateTimeFormatDate
+;
+
+dateTimeFormatDateTime
+// tag::dateTimeFormatDateTime
+SELECT DATETIME_FORMAT(CAST('2020-04-05T11:22:33.987654' AS DATETIME), 'dd/MM/YYYY HH:mm:ss.SS') AS "datetime";
+
+      datetime
+------------------
+05/04/2020 11:22:33.98
+// end::dateTimeFormatDateTime
+;
+
+dateTimeFormatTime
+// tag::dateTimeFormatTime
+SELECT DATETIME_FORMAT(CAST('11:22:33.987' AS TIME), 'HH mm ss.S') AS "time";
+
+      time
+------------------
+11 22 33.9
+// end::dateTimeFormatTime
+;
 
 datePartDateTimeYears
 // tag::datePartDateTimeYears

x-pack/plugin/sql/src/main/java/org/elasticsearch/xpack/sql/expression/function/SqlFunctionRegistry.java

@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ import org.elasticsearch.xpack.sql.expression.function.scalar.datetime.CurrentTi
 import org.elasticsearch.xpack.sql.expression.function.scalar.datetime.DateAdd;
 import org.elasticsearch.xpack.sql.expression.function.scalar.datetime.DateDiff;
 import org.elasticsearch.xpack.sql.expression.function.scalar.datetime.DatePart;
+import org.elasticsearch.xpack.sql.expression.function.scalar.datetime.DateTimeFormat;
 import org.elasticsearch.xpack.sql.expression.function.scalar.datetime.DateTrunc;
 import org.elasticsearch.xpack.sql.expression.function.scalar.datetime.DayName;
 import org.elasticsearch.xpack.sql.expression.function.scalar.datetime.DayOfMonth;
@@ -168,6 +169,7 @@ public class SqlFunctionRegistry extends FunctionRegistry {
                 def(DateAdd.class, DateAdd::new, "DATEADD", "DATE_ADD", "TIMESTAMPADD", "TIMESTAMP_ADD"),
                 def(DateDiff.class, DateDiff::new, "DATEDIFF", "DATE_DIFF", "TIMESTAMPDIFF", "TIMESTAMP_DIFF"),
                 def(DatePart.class, DatePart::new, "DATEPART", "DATE_PART"),
+                def(DateTimeFormat.class, DateTimeFormat::new, "DATETIME_FORMAT"),
                 def(DateTrunc.class, DateTrunc::new, "DATETRUNC", "DATE_TRUNC"),
                 def(HourOfDay.class, HourOfDay::new, "HOUR_OF_DAY", "HOUR"),
                 def(IsoDayOfWeek.class, IsoDayOfWeek::new, "ISO_DAY_OF_WEEK", "ISODAYOFWEEK", "ISODOW", "IDOW"),
@@ -262,4 +264,4 @@ public class SqlFunctionRegistry extends FunctionRegistry {
             }
         };
     }
-}
+}

x-pack/plugin/sql/src/main/java/org/elasticsearch/xpack/sql/expression/function/scalar/Processors.java

@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ import org.elasticsearch.xpack.ql.type.Converter;
 import org.elasticsearch.xpack.sql.expression.function.scalar.datetime.DateAddProcessor;
 import org.elasticsearch.xpack.sql.expression.function.scalar.datetime.DateDiffProcessor;
 import org.elasticsearch.xpack.sql.expression.function.scalar.datetime.DatePartProcessor;
+import org.elasticsearch.xpack.sql.expression.function.scalar.datetime.DateTimeFormatProcessor;
 import org.elasticsearch.xpack.sql.expression.function.scalar.datetime.DateTimeProcessor;
 import org.elasticsearch.xpack.sql.expression.function.scalar.datetime.DateTruncProcessor;
 import org.elasticsearch.xpack.sql.expression.function.scalar.datetime.NamedDateTimeProcessor;
@@ -84,6 +85,7 @@ public final class Processors {
         entries.add(new Entry(Processor.class, DateDiffProcessor.NAME, DateDiffProcessor::new));
         entries.add(new Entry(Processor.class, DatePartProcessor.NAME, DatePartProcessor::new));
         entries.add(new Entry(Processor.class, DateTruncProcessor.NAME, DateTruncProcessor::new));
+        entries.add(new Entry(Processor.class, DateTimeFormatProcessor.NAME, DateTimeFormatProcessor::new));
         // math
         entries.add(new Entry(Processor.class, BinaryMathProcessor.NAME, BinaryMathProcessor::new));
         entries.add(new Entry(Processor.class, BinaryOptionalMathProcessor.NAME, BinaryOptionalMathProcessor::new));
@@ -103,4 +105,4 @@ public final class Processors {
         entries.add(new Entry(Processor.class, StDistanceProcessor.NAME, StDistanceProcessor::new));
         return entries;
     }
-}
+}

x-pack/plugin/sql/src/main/java/org/elasticsearch/xpack/sql/expression/function/scalar/datetime/BinaryDateTimeDatePartFunction.java

@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright Elasticsearch B.V. and/or licensed to Elasticsearch B.V. under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements. Licensed under the Elastic License;
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the Elastic License.
+ */
+package org.elasticsearch.xpack.sql.expression.function.scalar.datetime;
+
+import org.elasticsearch.xpack.ql.expression.Expression;
+import org.elasticsearch.xpack.ql.expression.Expressions;
+import org.elasticsearch.xpack.ql.tree.Source;
+
+import java.time.ZoneId;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Objects;
+
+import static org.elasticsearch.common.logging.LoggerMessageFormat.format;
+import static org.elasticsearch.xpack.ql.expression.TypeResolutions.isString;
+
+/**
+ * Abstract super class for functions like {@link DateTrunc} and {@link DatePart}
+ * which require an argument denoting a unit of date/time.
+ */
+public abstract class BinaryDateTimeDatePartFunction extends BinaryDateTimeFunction {
+
+    public BinaryDateTimeDatePartFunction(Source source, Expression datePart, Expression timestamp, ZoneId zoneId) {
+        super(source, datePart, timestamp, zoneId);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected TypeResolution resolveType() {
+        TypeResolution resolution = isString(left(), sourceText(), Expressions.ParamOrdinal.FIRST);
+        if (resolution.unresolved()) {
+            return resolution;
+        }
+
+        if (left().foldable()) {
+            String datePartValue = (String) left().fold();
+            if (datePartValue != null && resolveDateTimeField(datePartValue) == false) {
+                List<String> similar = findSimilarDateTimeFields(datePartValue);
+                if (similar.isEmpty()) {
+                    return new TypeResolution(
+                        format(
+                            null,
+                            "first argument of [{}] must be one of {} or their aliases; found value [{}]",
+                            sourceText(),
+                            validDateTimeFieldValues(),
+                            Expressions.name(left())
+                        )
+                    );
+                } else {
+                    return new TypeResolution(
+                        format(
+                            null,
+                            "Unknown value [{}] for first argument of [{}]; did you mean {}?",
+                            Expressions.name(left()),
+                            sourceText(),
+                            similar
+                        )
+                    );
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        return TypeResolution.TYPE_RESOLVED;
+    }
+
+    protected abstract boolean resolveDateTimeField(String dateTimeField);
+
+    protected abstract List<String> findSimilarDateTimeFields(String dateTimeField);
+
+    protected abstract List<String> validDateTimeFieldValues();
+
+    @Override
+    public int hashCode() {
+        return Objects.hash(super.hashCode(), zoneId());
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean equals(Object o) {
+        if (this == o) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        if (o == null || getClass() != o.getClass()) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        if (!super.equals(o)) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        BinaryDateTimeDatePartFunction that = (BinaryDateTimeDatePartFunction) o;
+        return zoneId().equals(that.zoneId());
+    }
+}

x-pack/plugin/sql/src/main/java/org/elasticsearch/xpack/sql/expression/function/scalar/datetime/BinaryDateTimeFunction.java

@@ -13,11 +13,8 @@ import org.elasticsearch.xpack.ql.expression.gen.script.ScriptTemplate;
 import org.elasticsearch.xpack.ql.tree.Source;
 
 import java.time.ZoneId;
-import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Objects;
 
-import static org.elasticsearch.common.logging.LoggerMessageFormat.format;
-import static org.elasticsearch.xpack.ql.expression.TypeResolutions.isString;
 import static org.elasticsearch.xpack.ql.expression.gen.script.ParamsBuilder.paramsBuilder;
 
 public abstract class BinaryDateTimeFunction extends BinaryScalarFunction {
@@ -30,43 +27,12 @@ public abstract class BinaryDateTimeFunction extends BinaryScalarFunction {
     }
 
     @Override
-    protected TypeResolution resolveType() {
+    protected abstract TypeResolution resolveType();
-        TypeResolution resolution = isString(left(), sourceText(), Expressions.ParamOrdinal.FIRST);
-        if (resolution.unresolved()) {
-            return resolution;
-        }
-
-        if (left().foldable()) {
-            String datePartValue = (String) left().fold();
-            if (datePartValue != null && resolveDateTimeField(datePartValue) == false) {
-                List<String> similar = findSimilarDateTimeFields(datePartValue);
-                if (similar.isEmpty()) {
-                    return new TypeResolution(format(null, "first argument of [{}] must be one of {} or their aliases; found value [{}]",
-                        sourceText(),
-                        validDateTimeFieldValues(),
-                        Expressions.name(left())));
-                } else {
-                    return new TypeResolution(format(null, "Unknown value [{}] for first argument of [{}]; did you mean {}?",
-                        Expressions.name(left()),
-                        sourceText(),
-                        similar));
-                }
-            }
-        }
-
-        return TypeResolution.TYPE_RESOLVED;
-    }
 
     public ZoneId zoneId() {
         return zoneId;
     }
 
-    protected abstract boolean resolveDateTimeField(String dateTimeField);
-
-    protected abstract List<String> findSimilarDateTimeFields(String dateTimeField);
-
-    protected abstract List<String> validDateTimeFieldValues();
-
     @Override
     protected Pipe makePipe() {
         return createPipe(Expressions.pipe(left()), Expressions.pipe(right()), zoneId);

x-pack/plugin/sql/src/main/java/org/elasticsearch/xpack/sql/expression/function/scalar/datetime/DatePart.java

@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ import java.util.function.ToIntFunction;
 
 import static org.elasticsearch.xpack.sql.expression.SqlTypeResolutions.isDate;
 
-public class DatePart extends BinaryDateTimeFunction {
+public class DatePart extends BinaryDateTimeDatePartFunction {
 
     public enum Part implements DateTimeField {
         YEAR(DateTimeExtractor.YEAR::extract, "years", "yyyy", "yy"),

x-pack/plugin/sql/src/main/java/org/elasticsearch/xpack/sql/expression/function/scalar/datetime/DateTimeFormat.java

@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright Elasticsearch B.V. and/or licensed to Elasticsearch B.V. under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements. Licensed under the Elastic License;
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the Elastic License.
+ */
+package org.elasticsearch.xpack.sql.expression.function.scalar.datetime;
+
+import org.elasticsearch.xpack.ql.expression.Expression;
+import org.elasticsearch.xpack.ql.expression.Expressions;
+import org.elasticsearch.xpack.ql.expression.function.scalar.BinaryScalarFunction;
+import org.elasticsearch.xpack.ql.expression.gen.pipeline.Pipe;
+import org.elasticsearch.xpack.ql.tree.NodeInfo;
+import org.elasticsearch.xpack.ql.tree.Source;
+import org.elasticsearch.xpack.ql.type.DataType;
+import org.elasticsearch.xpack.ql.type.DataTypes;
+
+import java.time.ZoneId;
+
+import static org.elasticsearch.xpack.ql.expression.TypeResolutions.isString;
+import static org.elasticsearch.xpack.sql.expression.SqlTypeResolutions.isDateOrTime;
+
+public class DateTimeFormat extends BinaryDateTimeFunction {
+
+    public DateTimeFormat(Source source, Expression timestamp, Expression pattern, ZoneId zoneId) {
+        super(source, timestamp, pattern, zoneId);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public DataType dataType() {
+        return DataTypes.KEYWORD;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected TypeResolution resolveType() {
+        TypeResolution resolution = isDateOrTime(left(), sourceText(), Expressions.ParamOrdinal.FIRST);
+        if (resolution.unresolved()) {
+            return resolution;
+        }
+        resolution = isString(right(), sourceText(), Expressions.ParamOrdinal.SECOND);
+        if (resolution.unresolved()) {
+            return resolution;
+        }
+        return TypeResolution.TYPE_RESOLVED;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected BinaryScalarFunction replaceChildren(Expression timestamp, Expression pattern) {
+        return new DateTimeFormat(source(), timestamp, pattern, zoneId());
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected NodeInfo<? extends Expression> info() {
+        return NodeInfo.create(this, DateTimeFormat::new, left(), right(), zoneId());
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected String scriptMethodName() {
+        return "dateTimeFormat";
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public Object fold() {
+        return DateTimeFormatProcessor.process(left().fold(), right().fold(), zoneId());
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected Pipe createPipe(Pipe timestamp, Pipe pattern, ZoneId zoneId) {
+        return new DateTimeFormatPipe(source(), this, timestamp, pattern, zoneId);
+    }
+}

x-pack/plugin/sql/src/main/java/org/elasticsearch/xpack/sql/expression/function/scalar/datetime/DateTimeFormatPipe.java

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright Elasticsearch B.V. and/or licensed to Elasticsearch B.V. under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements. Licensed under the Elastic License;
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the Elastic License.
+ */
+package org.elasticsearch.xpack.sql.expression.function.scalar.datetime;
+
+import org.elasticsearch.xpack.ql.expression.Expression;
+import org.elasticsearch.xpack.ql.expression.gen.pipeline.Pipe;
+import org.elasticsearch.xpack.ql.expression.gen.processor.Processor;
+import org.elasticsearch.xpack.ql.tree.NodeInfo;
+import org.elasticsearch.xpack.ql.tree.Source;
+
+import java.time.ZoneId;
+
+public class DateTimeFormatPipe extends BinaryDateTimePipe {
+
+    public DateTimeFormatPipe(Source source, Expression expression, Pipe left, Pipe right, ZoneId zoneId) {
+        super(source, expression, left, right, zoneId);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected NodeInfo<DateTimeFormatPipe> info() {
+        return NodeInfo.create(this, DateTimeFormatPipe::new, expression(), left(), right(), zoneId());
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected DateTimeFormatPipe replaceChildren(Pipe left, Pipe right) {
+        return new DateTimeFormatPipe(source(), expression(), left, right, zoneId());
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected Processor makeProcessor(Processor left, Processor right, ZoneId zoneId) {
+        return new DateTimeFormatProcessor(left, right, zoneId);
+    }
+}

x-pack/plugin/sql/src/main/java/org/elasticsearch/xpack/sql/expression/function/scalar/datetime/DateTimeFormatProcessor.java

@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright Elasticsearch B.V. and/or licensed to Elasticsearch B.V. under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements. Licensed under the Elastic License;
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the Elastic License.
+ */
+package org.elasticsearch.xpack.sql.expression.function.scalar.datetime;
+
+import org.elasticsearch.common.io.stream.StreamInput;
+import org.elasticsearch.xpack.ql.expression.gen.processor.Processor;
+import org.elasticsearch.xpack.sql.SqlIllegalArgumentException;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.time.DateTimeException;
+import java.time.OffsetTime;
+import java.time.ZoneId;
+import java.time.ZonedDateTime;
+import java.time.format.DateTimeFormatter;
+import java.time.temporal.TemporalAccessor;
+import java.util.Locale;
+
+import static org.elasticsearch.xpack.sql.util.DateUtils.asTimeAtZone;
+
+public class DateTimeFormatProcessor extends BinaryDateTimeProcessor {
+
+    public static final String NAME = "dtformat";
+
+    public DateTimeFormatProcessor(Processor source1, Processor source2, ZoneId zoneId) {
+        super(source1, source2, zoneId);
+    }
+
+    public DateTimeFormatProcessor(StreamInput in) throws IOException {
+        super(in);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Used in Painless scripting
+     */
+    public static Object process(Object timestamp, Object pattern, ZoneId zoneId) {
+        if (timestamp == null || pattern == null) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        if (pattern instanceof String == false) {
+            throw new SqlIllegalArgumentException("A string is required; received [{}]", pattern);
+        }
+        if (((String) pattern).isEmpty()) {
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        if (timestamp instanceof ZonedDateTime == false && timestamp instanceof OffsetTime == false) {
+            throw new SqlIllegalArgumentException("A date/datetime/time is required; received [{}]", timestamp);
+        }
+
+        TemporalAccessor ta;
+        if (timestamp instanceof ZonedDateTime) {
+            ta = ((ZonedDateTime) timestamp).withZoneSameInstant(zoneId);
+        } else {
+            ta = asTimeAtZone((OffsetTime) timestamp, zoneId);
+        }
+        try {
+            return DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern((String) pattern, Locale.ROOT).format(ta);
+        } catch (IllegalArgumentException | DateTimeException e) {
+            throw new SqlIllegalArgumentException(
+                "Invalid pattern [{}] is received for formatting date/time [{}]; {}",
+                pattern,
+                timestamp,
+                e.getMessage()
+            );
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public String getWriteableName() {
+        return NAME;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected Object doProcess(Object timestamp, Object pattern) {
+        return process(timestamp, pattern, zoneId());
+    }
+}

x-pack/plugin/sql/src/main/java/org/elasticsearch/xpack/sql/expression/function/scalar/datetime/DateTrunc.java

@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ import static org.elasticsearch.xpack.ql.util.DateUtils.SECONDS_PER_MINUTE;
 import static org.elasticsearch.xpack.sql.expression.SqlTypeResolutions.isDateOrInterval;
 import static org.elasticsearch.xpack.sql.type.SqlDataTypes.isInterval;
 
-public class DateTrunc extends BinaryDateTimeFunction {
+public class DateTrunc extends BinaryDateTimeDatePartFunction {
 
     public enum Part implements DateTimeField {
 

x-pack/plugin/sql/src/main/java/org/elasticsearch/xpack/sql/expression/function/scalar/whitelist/InternalSqlScriptUtils.java

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ import org.elasticsearch.xpack.sql.SqlIllegalArgumentException;
 import org.elasticsearch.xpack.sql.expression.function.scalar.datetime.DateAddProcessor;
 import org.elasticsearch.xpack.sql.expression.function.scalar.datetime.DateDiffProcessor;
 import org.elasticsearch.xpack.sql.expression.function.scalar.datetime.DatePartProcessor;
+import org.elasticsearch.xpack.sql.expression.function.scalar.datetime.DateTimeFormatProcessor;
 import org.elasticsearch.xpack.sql.expression.function.scalar.datetime.DateTimeFunction;
 import org.elasticsearch.xpack.sql.expression.function.scalar.datetime.DateTruncProcessor;
 import org.elasticsearch.xpack.sql.expression.function.scalar.datetime.NamedDateTimeProcessor.NameExtractor;
@@ -284,7 +285,11 @@ public class InternalSqlScriptUtils extends InternalQlScriptUtils {
     }
 
     public static Integer datePart(String dateField, Object dateTime, String tzId) {
-        return (Integer) DatePartProcessor.process(dateField, asDateTime(dateTime) , ZoneId.of(tzId));
+        return (Integer) DatePartProcessor.process(dateField, asDateTime(dateTime), ZoneId.of(tzId));
+    }
+
+    public static String dateTimeFormat(Object dateTime, String pattern, String tzId) {
+        return (String) DateTimeFormatProcessor.process(asDateTime(dateTime), pattern, ZoneId.of(tzId));
     }
 
     public static ZonedDateTime asDateTime(Object dateTime) {

x-pack/plugin/sql/src/main/resources/org/elasticsearch/xpack/sql/plugin/sql_whitelist.txt

@@ -129,6 +129,7 @@ class org.elasticsearch.xpack.sql.expression.function.scalar.whitelist.InternalS
   Integer dateDiff(String, Object, Object, String)
   def dateTrunc(String, Object, String)
   Integer datePart(String, Object, String)
+  String dateTimeFormat(Object, String, String)
   IntervalDayTime intervalDayTime(String, String)
   IntervalYearMonth intervalYearMonth(String, String)
   ZonedDateTime asDateTime(Object)

x-pack/plugin/sql/src/test/java/org/elasticsearch/xpack/sql/analysis/analyzer/VerifierErrorMessagesTests.java

@@ -212,6 +212,15 @@ public class VerifierErrorMessagesTests extends ESTestCase {
         assertEquals("1:8: Invalid datetime field [ABS]. Use any datetime function.", error("SELECT EXTRACT(ABS FROM date) FROM test"));
     }
 
+    public void testDateTruncValidArgs() {
+        accept("SELECT DATE_TRUNC('decade', date) FROM test");
+        accept("SELECT DATE_TRUNC('decades', date) FROM test");
+        accept("SELECT DATETRUNC('day', date) FROM test");
+        accept("SELECT DATETRUNC('days', date) FROM test");
+        accept("SELECT DATE_TRUNC('dd', date) FROM test");
+        accept("SELECT DATE_TRUNC('d', date) FROM test");
+    }
+
     public void testDateTruncInvalidArgs() {
         assertEquals("1:8: first argument of [DATE_TRUNC(int, date)] must be [string], found value [int] type [integer]",
             error("SELECT DATE_TRUNC(int, date) FROM test"));
@@ -285,15 +294,6 @@ public class VerifierErrorMessagesTests extends ESTestCase {
             error("SELECT DATE_DIFF('dz', int, date) FROM test"));
     }
 
-    public void testDateTruncValidArgs() {
-        accept("SELECT DATE_TRUNC('decade', date) FROM test");
-        accept("SELECT DATE_TRUNC('decades', date) FROM test");
-        accept("SELECT DATETRUNC('day', date) FROM test");
-        accept("SELECT DATETRUNC('days', date) FROM test");
-        accept("SELECT DATE_TRUNC('dd', date) FROM test");
-        accept("SELECT DATE_TRUNC('d', date) FROM test");
-    }
-
     public void testDatePartInvalidArgs() {
         assertEquals("1:8: first argument of [DATE_PART(int, date)] must be [string], found value [int] type [integer]",
             error("SELECT DATE_PART(int, date) FROM test"));
@@ -320,6 +320,23 @@ public class VerifierErrorMessagesTests extends ESTestCase {
         accept("SELECT DATE_PART('ms', date) FROM test");
     }
 
+    public void testDateTimeFormatValidArgs() {
+        accept("SELECT DATETIME_FORMAT(date, 'HH:mm:ss.SSS VV') FROM test");
+        accept("SELECT DATETIME_FORMAT(date::date, 'MM/dd/YYYY') FROM test");
+        accept("SELECT DATETIME_FORMAT(date::time, 'HH:mm:ss Z') FROM test");
+    }
+
+    public void testDateTimeFormatInvalidArgs() {
+        assertEquals(
+            "1:8: first argument of [DATETIME_FORMAT(int, keyword)] must be [date, time or datetime], found value [int] type [integer]",
+            error("SELECT DATETIME_FORMAT(int, keyword) FROM test")
+        );
+        assertEquals(
+            "1:8: second argument of [DATETIME_FORMAT(date, int)] must be [string], found value [int] type [integer]",
+            error("SELECT DATETIME_FORMAT(date, int) FROM test")
+        );
+    }
+
     public void testValidDateTimeFunctionsOnTime() {
         accept("SELECT HOUR_OF_DAY(CAST(date AS TIME)) FROM test");
         accept("SELECT MINUTE_OF_HOUR(CAST(date AS TIME)) FROM test");

x-pack/plugin/sql/src/test/java/org/elasticsearch/xpack/sql/expression/function/scalar/datetime/DateTimeFormatPipeTests.java

@@ -0,0 +1,126 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright Elasticsearch B.V. and/or licensed to Elasticsearch B.V. under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements. Licensed under the Elastic License;
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the Elastic License.
+ */
+
+package org.elasticsearch.xpack.sql.expression.function.scalar.datetime;
+
+import org.elasticsearch.test.ESTestCase;
+import org.elasticsearch.xpack.ql.expression.Expression;
+import org.elasticsearch.xpack.ql.expression.function.scalar.FunctionTestUtils;
+import org.elasticsearch.xpack.ql.expression.gen.pipeline.BinaryPipe;
+import org.elasticsearch.xpack.ql.expression.gen.pipeline.Pipe;
+import org.elasticsearch.xpack.ql.tree.AbstractNodeTestCase;
+import org.elasticsearch.xpack.ql.tree.Source;
+import org.elasticsearch.xpack.ql.tree.SourceTests;
+
+import java.time.ZoneId;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.function.Function;
+
+import static org.elasticsearch.xpack.ql.expression.Expressions.pipe;
+import static org.elasticsearch.xpack.ql.expression.function.scalar.FunctionTestUtils.randomDatetimeLiteral;
+import static org.elasticsearch.xpack.ql.expression.function.scalar.FunctionTestUtils.randomStringLiteral;
+import static org.elasticsearch.xpack.ql.tree.SourceTests.randomSource;
+
+public class DateTimeFormatPipeTests extends AbstractNodeTestCase<DateTimeFormatPipe, Pipe> {
+
+    public static DateTimeFormatPipe randomDateTimeFormatPipe() {
+        return (DateTimeFormatPipe) new DateTimeFormat(randomSource(), randomDatetimeLiteral(), randomStringLiteral(), randomZone())
+            .makePipe();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected DateTimeFormatPipe randomInstance() {
+        return randomDateTimeFormatPipe();
+    }
+
+    private Expression randomDateTimeFormatPipeExpression() {
+        return randomDateTimeFormatPipe().expression();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void testTransform() {
+        // test transforming only the properties (source, expression),
+        // skipping the children (the two parameters of the binary function) which are tested separately
+        DateTimeFormatPipe b1 = randomInstance();
+
+        Expression newExpression = randomValueOtherThan(b1.expression(), this::randomDateTimeFormatPipeExpression);
+        DateTimeFormatPipe newB = new DateTimeFormatPipe(b1.source(), newExpression, b1.left(), b1.right(), b1.zoneId());
+        assertEquals(newB, b1.transformPropertiesOnly(v -> Objects.equals(v, b1.expression()) ? newExpression : v, Expression.class));
+
+        DateTimeFormatPipe b2 = randomInstance();
+        Source newLoc = randomValueOtherThan(b2.source(), SourceTests::randomSource);
+        newB = new DateTimeFormatPipe(newLoc, b2.expression(), b2.left(), b2.right(), b2.zoneId());
+        assertEquals(newB, b2.transformPropertiesOnly(v -> Objects.equals(v, b2.source()) ? newLoc : v, Source.class));
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void testReplaceChildren() {
+        DateTimeFormatPipe b = randomInstance();
+        Pipe newLeft = pipe(((Expression) randomValueOtherThan(b.left(), FunctionTestUtils::randomDatetimeLiteral)));
+        Pipe newRight = pipe(((Expression) randomValueOtherThan(b.right(), FunctionTestUtils::randomStringLiteral)));
+        ZoneId newZoneId = randomValueOtherThan(b.zoneId(), ESTestCase::randomZone);
+        DateTimeFormatPipe newB = new DateTimeFormatPipe(b.source(), b.expression(), b.left(), b.right(), newZoneId);
+        BinaryPipe transformed = newB.replaceChildren(newLeft, b.right());
+
+        assertEquals(transformed.left(), newLeft);
+        assertEquals(transformed.source(), b.source());
+        assertEquals(transformed.expression(), b.expression());
+        assertEquals(transformed.right(), b.right());
+
+        transformed = newB.replaceChildren(b.left(), newRight);
+        assertEquals(transformed.left(), b.left());
+        assertEquals(transformed.source(), b.source());
+        assertEquals(transformed.expression(), b.expression());
+        assertEquals(transformed.right(), newRight);
+
+        transformed = newB.replaceChildren(newLeft, newRight);
+        assertEquals(transformed.left(), newLeft);
+        assertEquals(transformed.source(), b.source());
+        assertEquals(transformed.expression(), b.expression());
+        assertEquals(transformed.right(), newRight);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected DateTimeFormatPipe mutate(DateTimeFormatPipe instance) {
+        List<Function<DateTimeFormatPipe, DateTimeFormatPipe>> randoms = new ArrayList<>();
+        randoms.add(
+            f -> new DateTimeFormatPipe(
+                f.source(),
+                f.expression(),
+                pipe(((Expression) randomValueOtherThan(f.left(), FunctionTestUtils::randomDatetimeLiteral))),
+                f.right(),
+                randomValueOtherThan(f.zoneId(), ESTestCase::randomZone)
+            )
+        );
+        randoms.add(
+            f -> new DateTimeFormatPipe(
+                f.source(),
+                f.expression(),
+                f.left(),
+                pipe(((Expression) randomValueOtherThan(f.right(), FunctionTestUtils::randomStringLiteral))),
+                randomValueOtherThan(f.zoneId(), ESTestCase::randomZone)
+            )
+        );
+        randoms.add(
+            f -> new DateTimeFormatPipe(
+                f.source(),
+                f.expression(),
+                pipe(((Expression) randomValueOtherThan(f.left(), FunctionTestUtils::randomDatetimeLiteral))),
+                pipe(((Expression) randomValueOtherThan(f.right(), FunctionTestUtils::randomStringLiteral))),
+                randomValueOtherThan(f.zoneId(), ESTestCase::randomZone)
+            )
+        );
+
+        return randomFrom(randoms).apply(instance);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected DateTimeFormatPipe copy(DateTimeFormatPipe instance) {
+        return new DateTimeFormatPipe(instance.source(), instance.expression(), instance.left(), instance.right(), instance.zoneId());
+    }
+}

x-pack/plugin/sql/src/test/java/org/elasticsearch/xpack/sql/expression/function/scalar/datetime/DateTimeFormatProcessorTests.java

@@ -0,0 +1,145 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright Elasticsearch B.V. and/or licensed to Elasticsearch B.V. under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements. Licensed under the Elastic License;
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the Elastic License.
+ */
+
+package org.elasticsearch.xpack.sql.expression.function.scalar.datetime;
+
+import org.elasticsearch.common.io.stream.Writeable.Reader;
+import org.elasticsearch.test.ESTestCase;
+import org.elasticsearch.xpack.ql.expression.Literal;
+import org.elasticsearch.xpack.ql.expression.gen.processor.ConstantProcessor;
+import org.elasticsearch.xpack.ql.tree.Source;
+import org.elasticsearch.xpack.sql.AbstractSqlWireSerializingTestCase;
+import org.elasticsearch.xpack.sql.SqlIllegalArgumentException;
+
+import java.time.Instant;
+import java.time.OffsetTime;
+import java.time.ZoneId;
+
+import static org.elasticsearch.xpack.ql.expression.Literal.NULL;
+import static org.elasticsearch.xpack.ql.expression.function.scalar.FunctionTestUtils.l;
+import static org.elasticsearch.xpack.ql.expression.function.scalar.FunctionTestUtils.randomDatetimeLiteral;
+import static org.elasticsearch.xpack.ql.expression.function.scalar.FunctionTestUtils.randomStringLiteral;
+import static org.elasticsearch.xpack.sql.expression.function.scalar.datetime.DateTimeTestUtils.dateTime;
+import static org.elasticsearch.xpack.sql.expression.function.scalar.datetime.DateTimeTestUtils.time;
+import static org.elasticsearch.xpack.sql.type.SqlDataTypes.TIME;
+
+public class DateTimeFormatProcessorTests extends AbstractSqlWireSerializingTestCase<DateTimeFormatProcessor> {
+
+    public static DateTimeFormatProcessor randomDateTimeFormatProcessor() {
+        return new DateTimeFormatProcessor(
+            new ConstantProcessor(DateTimeTestUtils.nowWithMillisResolution()),
+            new ConstantProcessor(randomRealisticUnicodeOfLengthBetween(0, 128)),
+            randomZone()
+        );
+    }
+
+    public static Literal randomTimeLiteral() {
+        return l(OffsetTime.ofInstant(Instant.ofEpochMilli(ESTestCase.randomLong()), ESTestCase.randomZone()), TIME);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected DateTimeFormatProcessor createTestInstance() {
+        return randomDateTimeFormatProcessor();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected Reader<DateTimeFormatProcessor> instanceReader() {
+        return DateTimeFormatProcessor::new;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected ZoneId instanceZoneId(DateTimeFormatProcessor instance) {
+        return instance.zoneId();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected DateTimeFormatProcessor mutateInstance(DateTimeFormatProcessor instance) {
+        return new DateTimeFormatProcessor(
+            new ConstantProcessor(DateTimeTestUtils.nowWithMillisResolution()),
+            new ConstantProcessor(ESTestCase.randomRealisticUnicodeOfLength(128)),
+            randomValueOtherThan(instance.zoneId(), ESTestCase::randomZone)
+        );
+    }
+
+    public void testInvalidInputs() {
+        SqlIllegalArgumentException siae = expectThrows(
+            SqlIllegalArgumentException.class,
+            () -> new DateTimeFormat(Source.EMPTY, l("foo"), randomStringLiteral(), randomZone()).makePipe().asProcessor().process(null)
+        );
+        assertEquals("A date/datetime/time is required; received [foo]", siae.getMessage());
+
+        siae = expectThrows(
+            SqlIllegalArgumentException.class,
+            () -> new DateTimeFormat(Source.EMPTY, randomDatetimeLiteral(), l(5), randomZone()).makePipe().asProcessor().process(null)
+        );
+        assertEquals("A string is required; received [5]", siae.getMessage());
+
+        siae = expectThrows(
+            SqlIllegalArgumentException.class,
+            () -> new DateTimeFormat(Source.EMPTY, l(dateTime(2019, 9, 3, 18, 10, 37, 0)), l("invalid"), randomZone()).makePipe()
+                .asProcessor()
+                .process(null)
+        );
+        assertEquals(
+            "Invalid pattern [invalid] is received for formatting date/time [2019-09-03T18:10:37Z]; Unknown pattern letter: i",
+            siae.getMessage()
+        );
+
+        siae = expectThrows(
+            SqlIllegalArgumentException.class,
+            () -> new DateTimeFormat(Source.EMPTY, l(time(18, 10, 37, 123000000)), l("MM/dd"), randomZone()).makePipe()
+                .asProcessor()
+                .process(null)
+        );
+        assertEquals(
+            "Invalid pattern [MM/dd] is received for formatting date/time [18:10:37.123Z]; Unsupported field: MonthOfYear",
+            siae.getMessage()
+        );
+    }
+
+    public void testWithNulls() {
+        assertNull(new DateTimeFormat(Source.EMPTY, randomDatetimeLiteral(), NULL, randomZone()).makePipe().asProcessor().process(null));
+        assertNull(new DateTimeFormat(Source.EMPTY, randomDatetimeLiteral(), l(""), randomZone()).makePipe().asProcessor().process(null));
+        assertNull(new DateTimeFormat(Source.EMPTY, NULL, randomStringLiteral(), randomZone()).makePipe().asProcessor().process(null));
+    }
+
+    public void testFormatting() {
+        ZoneId zoneId = ZoneId.of("Etc/GMT-10");
+        Literal dateTime = l(dateTime(2019, 9, 3, 18, 10, 37, 123456789));
+
+        assertEquals("AD : 3", new DateTimeFormat(Source.EMPTY, dateTime, l("G : Q"), zoneId).makePipe().asProcessor().process(null));
+        assertEquals(
+            "2019-09-04",
+            new DateTimeFormat(Source.EMPTY, dateTime, l("YYYY-MM-dd"), zoneId).makePipe().asProcessor().process(null)
+        );
+        assertEquals(
+            "04:10:37.123456",
+            new DateTimeFormat(Source.EMPTY, dateTime, l("HH:mm:ss.SSSSSS"), zoneId).makePipe().asProcessor().process(null)
+        );
+        assertEquals(
+            "2019-09-04 04:10:37.12345678",
+            new DateTimeFormat(Source.EMPTY, dateTime, l("YYYY-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSSSSSSS"), zoneId).makePipe().asProcessor().process(null)
+        );
+        assertEquals("+1000", new DateTimeFormat(Source.EMPTY, dateTime, l("Z"), zoneId).makePipe().asProcessor().process(null));
+        assertEquals("Etc/GMT-10", new DateTimeFormat(Source.EMPTY, dateTime, l("z"), zoneId).makePipe().asProcessor().process(null));
+        assertEquals("Etc/GMT-10", new DateTimeFormat(Source.EMPTY, dateTime, l("VV"), zoneId).makePipe().asProcessor().process(null));
+
+        zoneId = ZoneId.of("America/Sao_Paulo");
+        assertEquals("-0300", new DateTimeFormat(Source.EMPTY, dateTime, l("Z"), zoneId).makePipe().asProcessor().process(null));
+        assertEquals("BRT", new DateTimeFormat(Source.EMPTY, dateTime, l("z"), zoneId).makePipe().asProcessor().process(null));
+        assertEquals(
+            "America/Sao_Paulo",
+            new DateTimeFormat(Source.EMPTY, dateTime, l("VV"), zoneId).makePipe().asProcessor().process(null)
+        );
+
+        assertEquals(
+            "07:11:22.1234",
+            new DateTimeFormat(Source.EMPTY, l(time(10, 11, 22, 123456789), TIME), l("HH:mm:ss.SSSS"), zoneId).makePipe()
+                .asProcessor()
+                .process(null)
+        );
+    }
+}

x-pack/plugin/sql/src/test/java/org/elasticsearch/xpack/sql/planner/QueryTranslatorTests.java

@@ -445,6 +445,22 @@ public class QueryTranslatorTests extends ESTestCase {
         assertEquals("[{v=month}, {v=date}, {v=Z}, {v=2018-09-04T00:00:00.000Z}]", sc.script().params().toString());
     }
 
+    public void testTranslateDateTimeFormat_WhereClause_Painless() {
+        LogicalPlan p = plan("SELECT int FROM test WHERE DATETIME_FORMAT(date, 'YYYY_MM_dd') = '2018_09_04'");
+        assertTrue(p instanceof Project);
+        assertTrue(p.children().get(0) instanceof Filter);
+        Expression condition = ((Filter) p.children().get(0)).condition();
+        assertFalse(condition.foldable());
+        QueryTranslation translation = QueryTranslator.toQuery(condition, false);
+        assertNull(translation.aggFilter);
+        assertTrue(translation.query instanceof ScriptQuery);
+        ScriptQuery sc = (ScriptQuery) translation.query;
+        assertEquals("InternalQlScriptUtils.nullSafeFilter(InternalQlScriptUtils.eq(InternalSqlScriptUtils.dateTimeFormat(" +
+                        "InternalQlScriptUtils.docValue(doc,params.v0),params.v1,params.v2),params.v3))",
+                sc.script().toString());
+        assertEquals("[{v=date}, {v=YYYY_MM_dd}, {v=Z}, {v=2018_09_04}]", sc.script().params().toString());
+    }
+
     public void testLikeOnInexact() {
         LogicalPlan p = plan("SELECT * FROM test WHERE some.string LIKE '%a%'");
         assertTrue(p instanceof Project);