* Add support for setting and keystore settings
* system properties and env var config
* use testclusters for repository-s3
* Some cleanup of the build.gradle file for plugin-s3
* add runner {} to rest integ test task
Blob store compression was not enabled for some of the files in
snapshots due to constructor accessing sub-class fields. Fixed to
instead accept compress field as constructor param. Also fixed chunk
size validation to work.
Deprecated repositories.fs.compress setting as well to be able to unify
in a future commit.
We have had various reports of problems caused by the maxRetryTimeout
setting in the low-level REST client. Such setting was initially added
in the attempts to not have requests go through retries if the request
already took longer than the provided timeout.
The implementation was problematic though as such timeout would also
expire in the first request attempt (see #31834), would leave the
request executing after expiration causing memory leaks (see #33342),
and would not take into account the http client internal queuing (see #25951).
Given all these issues, it seems that this custom timeout mechanism
gives little benefits while causing a lot of harm. We should rather rely
on connect and socket timeout exposed by the underlying http client
and accept that a request can overall take longer than the configured
timeout, which is the case even with a single retry anyways.
This commit removes the `maxRetryTimeout` setting and all of its usages.
Stop passing `Settings` to `AbstractComponent`'s ctor. This allows us to
stop passing around `Settings` in a *ton* of places. While this change
touches many files, it touches them all in fairly small, mechanical
ways, doing a few things per file:
1. Drop the `super(settings);` line on everything that extends
`AbstractComponent`.
2. Drop the `settings` argument to the ctor if it is no longer used.
3. If the file doesn't use `logger` then drop `extends
AbstractComponent` from it.
4. Clean up all compilation failure caused by the `settings` removal
and drop any now unused `settings` isntances and method arguments.
I've intentionally *not* removed the `settings` argument from a few
files:
1. TransportAction
2. AbstractLifecycleComponent
3. BaseRestHandler
These files don't *need* `settings` either, but this change is large
enough as is.
Relates to #34488
The contains syntax was added in #30874 but the skips were not properly
put in place.
The java runner has the feature so the tests will run as part of the
build, but language clients will be able to support it at their own
pace.
* Detect and prevent configuration that triggers a Gradle bug
As we found in #31862, this can lead to a lot of wasted time as it's not
immediatly obvius what's going on.
Givent how many projects we have it's getting increasingly easier to run
into gradle/gradle#847.
Adds a new parameter to the BlobContainer#write*Blob methods to specify whether the existing file
should be overridden or not. For some metadata files in the repository, we actually want to replace
the current file. This is currently implemented through an explicit blob delete and then a fresh write.
In case of using a cloud provider (S3, GCS, Azure), this results in 2 API requests instead of just 1.
This change will therefore allow us to achieve the same functionality using less API requests.
This commit removes some tests in the repository-s3 plugin that
have not been executed for 2+ years but have been maintained
for nothing. Most of the tests in AbstractAwsTestCase were
obsolete or superseded by fixture based integration tests.
This pull request merges the AzureStorageService interface and
the AzureStorageServiceImpl classes into one single
AzureStorageService class. It also removes some tests in the
repository-azure plugin that have not been executed for 2+ years.
The current AzureStorageServiceImpl always checks if the Azure container
exists before reading or writing an object to the Azure container. This commit
removes this behavior, reducing the number of overhall requests executed
for all snapshots operations.
* remove left-over comment
* make sure of the property for plugins
* skip installing modules if these exist in the distribution
* Log the distrbution being ran
* Don't allow running with integ-tests-zip passed externally
* top level x-pack/qa can't run with oss distro
* Add support for matching objects in lists
Makes it possible to have a key that points to a list and assert that a
certain object is present in the list. All keys have to be present and
values have to match. The objects in the source list may have additional
fields.
example:
```
match: { 'nodes.$master.plugins': { name: ingest-attachment } }
```
* Update plugin and module tests to work with other distributions
Some of the tests expected that the integration tests will always be ran
with the `integ-test-zip` distribution so that there will be no other
plugins loaded.
With this change, we check for the presence of the plugin without
assuming exclusivity.
* Allow modules to run on other distros as well
To match the behavior of tets.distributions
* Add and use a new `contains` assertion
Replaces the previus changes that caused `match` to do a partial match.
* Implement PR review comments
Adds the ability to reread and decrypt the local node keystore.
Commonly, the contents of the keystore, backing the `SecureSettings`,
are not retrievable except during node initialization. This changes that
by adding a new API which broadcasts a password to every node. The
password is used to decrypt the local keystore and use it to populate
a `Settings` object that is passes to all the plugins implementing the
`ReloadablePlugin` interface. The plugin is then responsible to do
whatever "reload" means in his case. When the `reload`handler returns,
the keystore is closed and its contents are no longer retrievable.
Password is never stored persistently on any node.
Plugins that have been moded in this commit are: `repository-azure`,
`repository-s3`, `repository-gcs` and `discovery-ec2`.
Many fixtures have similar code for writing the pid & ports files or
for handling HTTP requests. This commit adds an AbstractHttpFixture
class in the test framework that can be extended for specific testing purposes.
There's no need for an extra blobExists() call when writing a blob to the Azure service. Azure
provides an option (with stronger consistency guarantees) on the upload method that guarantees
that the blob that's uploaded does not already exist. This saves one network roundtrip.
Relates to #19749
This commit removes some log traces in AzureStorageServiceImpl and also
fixes the AzureStorageServiceTests so that is uses the real
implementation to create Azure clients.
Similarly to what has been done in for the repository-s3 plugin, this
pull request moves the fixture test into a dedicated
repository-azure/qa/microsoft-azure-storage project.
It also exposes some environment variables which allows to execute the
integration tests against the real Azure Storage service. When the
environment variables are not defined, the integration tests are
executed using the fixture added in #29347.
Closes#29349
* Move Streams.copy into elasticsearch-core and make a multi-release jar
This moves the method `Streams.copy(InputStream in, OutputStream out)` into the
`elasticsearch-core` project (inside the `o.e.core.internal.io` package). It
also makes this class into a multi-release class where the Java 9 equivalent
uses `InputStream#transferTo`.
This is a followup from
https://github.com/elastic/elasticsearch/pull/29300#discussion_r178147495
This commit adds a new fixture that emulates an
Azure Storage service in order to improve the
existing integration tests. This is very similar
to what has been made for Google Cloud Storage
in #28788 and for Amazon S3 in #29296, and it
would have helped a lot to catch bugs like #22534.
Today when you input a byte size setting that is out of bounds for the
setting, you get an error message that indicates the maximum value of
the setting. The problem is that because we use ByteSize#toString, we
end up with a representation of the value that does not really tell you
what the bound is. For example, if the bound is 2^31 - 1 bytes, the
output would be 1.9gb which does not really tell you want the limit as
there are many byte size values that we format to the same 1.9gb with
ByteSize#toString. We have a method ByteSize#getStringRep that uses the
input units to the value as the output units for the string
representation, so we end up with no loss if we use this to report the
bound. This commit does this.
As we have factored Elasticsearch into smaller libraries, we have ended
up in a situation that some of the dependencies of Elasticsearch are not
available to code that depends on these smaller libraries but not server
Elasticsearch. This is a good thing, this was one of the goals of
separating Elasticsearch into smaller libraries, to shed some of the
dependencies from other components of the system. However, this now
means that simple utility methods from Lucene that we rely on are no
longer available everywhere. This commit copies IOUtils (with some small
formatting changes for our codebase) into the fold so that other
components of the system can rely on these methods where they no longer
depend on Lucene.
This is related to #28662. It wraps the azure repository inputstream in
an inputstream that ensures `read` calls have socket permissions. This
is because the azure inputstream internally makes service calls.
We use affix settings to group settings / values under a certain namespace.
In some cases like login information for instance a setting is only valid if
one or more other settings are present. For instance `x.test.user` is only valid
if there is an `x.test.passwd` present and vice versa. This change allows to specify
such a dependency to prevent settings updates that leave settings in an inconsistent
state.
Only tests should use the single argument Environment constructor. To
enforce this the single arg Environment constructor has been replaced with
a test framework factory method.
Production code (beyond initial Bootstrap) should always use the same
Environment object that Node.getEnvironment() returns. This Environment
is also available via dependency injection.
Today we return a `String[]` that requires copying values for every
access. Yet, we already store the setting as a list so we can also directly
return the unmodifiable list directly. This makes list / array access in settings
a much cheaper operation especially if lists are large.
While working on #26751, I found that we are passing the container name on every single method although we don't need it as it is stored within the blobstore object already.
This commit simplifies a bit that part of the code.
It also removes `repositoryName` from AzureBlobStore which was not used anymore.
Also we move some properties in AzureBlobContainer to `private` members.
Even though you annotate the Test class with `@ThirdParty` the static
code is initialized.
In that case it fails with:
```
==> Test Info: seed=529C3C6977F695FC; jvms=3; suites=6
Suite: org.elasticsearch.repositories.azure.AzureSnapshotRestoreTests
ERROR 0.00s J2 | AzureSnapshotRestoreTests (suite) <<< FAILURES!
> Throwable #1: java.lang.IllegalStateException: to run integration tests, you need to set -Dtests.thirdparty=true and -Dtests.azure.account=azure-account -Dtests.azure.key=azure-key
> at org.elasticsearch.cloud.azure.AzureTestUtils.generateMockSecureSettings(AzureTestUtils.java:37)
> at org.elasticsearch.repositories.azure.AzureSnapshotRestoreTests.generateMockSettings(AzureSnapshotRestoreTests.java:81)
> at org.elasticsearch.repositories.azure.AzureSnapshotRestoreTests.<clinit>(AzureSnapshotRestoreTests.java:84)
> at java.lang.Class.forName0(Native Method)
> at java.lang.Class.forName(Class.java:348)
Completed [1/6] on J2 in 2.21s, 0 tests, 1 error <<< FAILURES!
```
Closes#26812.
(cherry picked from commit eb6d714 for master branch)
* Use Azure upload method instead of our own implementation
We are not following the Azure documentation about uploading blobs to Azure storage. https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/storage/blobs/storage-java-how-to-use-blob-storage#upload-a-blob-into-a-container
Instead we are using our own implementation which might cause some troubles and rarely some blobs can be not immediately commited just after we close the stream. Using the standard implementation provided by Azure team should allow us to benefit from all the magic Azure SDK team already wrote.
And well... Let's just read the doc!
* Adapt integration tests to secure settings
That was a missing part in #23405.
* Simplify all the integration tests and *extends ESBlobStoreRepositoryIntegTestCase tests
* removes IT `testForbiddenContainerName()` as it is useless. The plugin does not create anymore the container but expects that the user has created it before registering the repository
* merges 2 IT classes so all IT tests are ran from one single class
* We don't remove/create anymore the container between each single test but only for the test suite
While working on #26751 and doing some manual integration testing I found that this #22858 removed an important line of our code:
`AzureRepository` overrides default `initializeSnapshot` method which creates metadata files and do other stuff.
But with PR #22858, I wrote:
```java
@Override
public void initializeSnapshot(SnapshotId snapshotId, List<IndexId> indices, MetaData clusterMetadata) {
if (blobStore.doesContainerExist(blobStore.container()) == false) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("The bucket [" + blobStore.container() + "] does not exist. Please create it before " +
" creating an azure snapshot repository backed by it.");
}
}
```
instead of
```java
@Override
public void initializeSnapshot(SnapshotId snapshotId, List<IndexId> indices, MetaData clusterMetadata) {
if (blobStore.doesContainerExist(blobStore.container()) == false) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("The bucket [" + blobStore.container() + "] does not exist. Please create it before " +
" creating an azure snapshot repository backed by it.");
}
super.initializeSnapshot(snapshotId, indices, clusterMetadata);
}
```
As we never call `super.initializeSnapshot(...)` files are not created and we can't restore what we saved.
Closes#26777.
You can define a proxy using the following settings:
```yml
azure.client.default.proxy.host: proxy.host
azure.client.default.proxy.port: 8888
azure.client.default.proxy.type: http
```
Supported values for `proxy.type` are `direct`, `http` or `socks`. Defaults to `direct` (no proxy).
Closes#23506
BTW I changed a test `testGetSelectedClientBackoffPolicyNbRetries` as it was using an old setting name `cloud.azure.storage.azure.max_retries` instead of `azure.client.azure1.max_retries`.
Follow up for #23405.
We remove azure deprecated settings in 7.0:
* The legacy azure settings which where starting with `cloud.azure.storage.` prefix have been removed.
This includes `account`, `key`, `default` and `timeout`.
You need to use settings which are starting with `azure.client.` prefix instead.
* Global timeout setting `cloud.azure.storage.timeout` has been removed.
You must set it per azure client instead. Like `azure.client.default.timeout: 10s` for example.
We should have the same behavior for Azure repositories as we have for S3 (see #22762).
Instead of:
```yml
cloud:
azure:
storage:
my_account1:
account: your_azure_storage_account1
key: your_azure_storage_key1
default: true
my_account2:
account: your_azure_storage_account2
key: your_azure_storage_key2
```
Support something like:
```
azure.client:
default:
account: your_azure_storage_account1
key: your_azure_storage_key1
my_account2:
account: your_azure_storage_account2
key: your_azure_storage_key2
```
Then instead of:
```
PUT _snapshot/my_backup3
{
"type": "azure",
"settings": {
"account": "my_account2"
}
}
```
Use:
```
PUT _snapshot/my_backup3
{
"type": "azure",
"settings": {
"config": "my_account2"
}
}
```
If someone uses:
```
PUT _snapshot/my_backup3
{
"type": "azure"
}
```
It will use the `default` azure repository settings.
And mark as deprecated old settings.
Closes#22763.
This is related to #25931. In CloudBlobContainer#exists it is possible
that a socket connection will be opened. This commit ensures that those
calls have the proper socket privileges.
This commit renames all rest test files to use the .yml extension
instead of .yaml. This way the extension used within all of
elasticsearch for yaml is consistent.
This change simplifies how the rest test runner finds test files and
removes all leniency. Previously multiple prefixes and suffixes would
be tried, and tests could exist inside or outside of the classpath,
although outside of the classpath never quite worked. Now only classpath
tests are supported, and only one resource prefix is supported,
`/rest-api-spec/tests`.
closes#20240
With this commit, Azure repositories are now using an Exponential Backoff policy before failing the backup.
It uses Azure SDK default values for this policy:
* `30s` delta backoff base with
* `3s` min
* `90s` max
* `3` retries max
Users can define the number of retries they wish by setting `cloud.azure.storage.xxx.max_retries` where `xxx` is the azure named account.
Closes#22728.
Previously, the Azure blob store would depend on a 404 StorageException
coming back from Azure if trying to open an input stream to a
non-existent blob. This works for Azure repositories which access a
primary location path. For those configured to access a secondary
location path, the Azure SDK keeps trying for a long while before
returning a 404 StorageException, causing potential delays in the
snapshot APIs. This commit makes an initial check if the blob exists in
Azure and returns immediately with a NoSuchFileException, instead of
trying to open the input stream to the blob.
Closes#23480
This commit adds a convenience method for simultaneously asserting
settings deprecations and other warnings and fixes some tests where
setting deprecations and general warnings were present.
Gradle's finalizedBy on tasks only ensures one task runs after another,
but not immediately after. This is problematic for our integration tests
since it allows multiple project's integ test clusters to be
simultaneously. While this has not been a problem thus far (gradle 2.13
happened to keep the finalizedBy tasks close enough that no clusters
were running in parallel), with gradle 3.3 the task graph generation has
changed, and numerous clusters may be running simultaneously, causing
memory pressure, and thus generally slower tests, or even failure if the
system has a limited amount of memory (eg in a vagrant host).
This commit reworks how integ tests are configured. It adds an
`integTestCluster` extension to gradle which is equivalent to the current
`integTest.cluster` and moves the rest test runner task to
`integTestRunner`. The `integTest` task is then just a dummy task,
which depends on the cluster runner task, as well as the cluster stop
task. This means running `integTest` in one project will both run the
rest tests, and shut down the cluster, before running `integTest` in
another project.
Today we have multiple ways to define settings when a user needs to create a repository:
* in `elasticsearch.yml` file using `repositories.azure` prefix
* when creating the repository itself with `PUT _snaphot/repo`
The plan is to:
* Deprecate `repositories.azure` settings in 5.x (done with #22856)
* Remove in 6.x (this PR)
Related to #22800
We have a bunch of interfaces that have only a single implementation
for 6 years now. These interfaces are pretty useless from a SW development
perspective and only add unnecessary abstractions. They also require
lots of casting in many places where we expect that there is only one
concrete implementation. This change removes the interfaces, makes
all of the classes final and removes the duplicate `foo` `getFoo` accessors
in favor of `getFoo` from these classes.
This is related to #22116. Core no longer needs `SocketPermission`
`connect`.
This permission is relegated to these modules/plugins:
- transport-netty4 module
- reindex module
- repository-url module
- discovery-azure-classic plugin
- discovery-ec2 plugin
- discovery-gce plugin
- repository-azure plugin
- repository-gcs plugin
- repository-hdfs plugin
- repository-s3 plugin
And for tests:
- mocksocket jar
- rest client
- httpcore-nio jar
- httpasyncclient jar
This commit upgrades the checkstyle configuration from version 5.9 to
version 7.5, the latest version as of today. The main enhancement
obtained via this upgrade is better detection of redundant modifiers.
Relates #22960
This change adds a strict mode for xcontent parsing on the rest layer. The strict mode will be off by default for 5.x and in a separate commit will be enabled by default for 6.0. The strict mode, which can be enabled by setting `http.content_type.required: true` in 5.x, will require that all incoming rest requests have a valid and supported content type header before the request is dispatched. In the non-strict mode, the Content-Type header will be inspected and if it is not present or not valid, we will continue with auto detection of content like we have done previously.
The content type header is parsed to the matching XContentType value with the only exception being for plain text requests. This value is then passed on with the content bytes so that we can reduce the number of places where we need to auto-detect the content type.
As part of this, many transport requests and builders were updated to provide methods that
accepted the XContentType along with the bytes and the methods that would rely on auto-detection have been deprecated.
In the non-strict mode, deprecation warnings are issued whenever a request with body doesn't provide the Content-Type header.
See #19388
Follow up of #22857 where we deprecate automatic creation of azure containers.
BTW I found that the `AzureSnapshotRestoreServiceIntegTests` does not bring any value because it runs basically a Snapshot/Restore operation on local files which we already test in core.
So instead of trying to fix it to make it pass with this PR, I simply removed it.
This commit adds a SpecialPermission constant and uses that constant
opposed to introducing new instances everywhere.
Additionally, this commit introduces a single static method to check that
the current code has permission. This avoids all the duplicated access
blocks that exist currently.
This is related to #22116. Certain plugins (discovery-azure-classic,
discovery-ec2, discovery-gce, repository-azure, repository-gcs, and
repository-s3) open socket connections. As SocketPermissions are
transitioned out of core, these plugins will require connect
permission. This pull request wraps operations that require these
permissions in doPrivileged blocks.
Before, the default chunk size for Azure repositories was
-1 bytes, which meant that if the chunk_size was not set on
the Azure repository, nor as a node setting, then no data
files would get written as part of the snapshot (because
the BlobStoreRepository's PartSliceStream does not know
how to process negative chunk sizes).
This commit fixes the default chunk size for Azure repositories
to be the same as the maximum chunk size. This commit also
adds tests for both the Azure and Google Cloud repositories to
ensure only valid chunk sizes can be set.
Closes#22513
Affix settings are useful to namespace a certain setting. Yet, affix settings
must be specialized for their concrete type which causes lot of code duplication.
This commit allows to reuse an existing setting with and affix setting as soon as
a concrete key is available.
* Remove a checked exception, replacing it with `ParsingException`.
* Remove all Parser classes for the yaml sections, replacing them with static methods.
* Remove `ClientYamlTestFragmentParser`. Isn't used any more.
* Remove `ClientYamlTestSuiteParseContext`, replacing it with some static utility methods.
I did not rewrite the parsers using `ObjectParser` because I don't think it is worth it right now.
While I was fixing a documentation issue (#22007), I looked at the code and discovered that we actually never read what the user entered as a `readonly` parameter when he creates an azure repository.
So if someone sends:
```
PUT _snapshot/my_backup4
{
"type": "azure",
"settings": {
"account": "my_account2",
"location_mode": "primary_only",
"readonly": true
}
}
```
The repository is not actually defined as `readonly`.
It's caused by the fact we are always overwriting `readonly`setting based on `location_mode`.
If a user sets it to `primary_only`, `readonly` is forced to `false`.
If a user sets it to `primary_then_secondary`, `readonly` is forced to `false`.
If a user sets it to `secondary_only`, `readonly` is forced to `false`.
Note that with this change, a user can force a `secondary_only` repository to `readonly: false` which will lead him to an error later on when we check the repository as per definition in Azure, a secondary repository is not writable.
Another option could have been to detect this mismatch and throw an exception in that case. Note sure it is worth writing more code though.
Closes#22053.
Group, List and Affix settings generate a bogus diff that turns the actual
diff into a string containing a json structure for instance:
```
"action" : {
"search" : {
"remote" : {
"" : "{\"my_remote_cluster\":\"[::1]:60378\"}"
}
}
}
```
which make reading the setting impossible. This happens for instance
if a group or affix setting is rendered via `_cluster/settings?include_defaults=true`
This change fixes the issue as well as several minor issues with affix settings that
where not accepted as valid setting today.
At one point in the past when moving out the rest tests from core to
their own subproject, we had multiple test classes which evenly split up
the tests to run. However, we simplified this and went back to a single
test runner to have better reproduceability in tests. This change
removes the remnants of that multiplexing support.
`LocalDiscovery` is a discovery implementation that uses static in memory maps to keep track of current live nodes. This is used extensively in our tests in order to speed up cluster formation (i.e., shortcut the 3 second ping period used by `ZenDiscovery` by default). This is sad as that mean that most of the test run using a different discovery semantics than what is used in production. Instead of replacing the entire discovery logic, we can use a similar approach to only shortcut the pinging components.
We were swallowing the original exception when creating a client with bad credentials.
So even in `TRACE` log level, nothing useful were coming out of it.
With this commit, it now prints:
```
[2016-09-27 15:54:13,118][ERROR][cloud.azure.storage ] [node_s0] can not create azure storage client: Storage Key is not a valid base64 encoded string.
```
Closes#20633.
Backport of #20669 for master branch (6.0)
conform with the requirements of the writeBlob method by
throwing a FileAlreadyExistsException if attempting to write
to a blob that already exists. This change means implementations
of BlobContainer should never overwrite blobs - to overwrite a
blob, it must first be deleted and then can be written again.
Closes#15579
This makes it obvious that these tests are for running the client yaml
suites. Now that there are other ways of running tests using the REST
client against a running cluster we can't go on calling the shared
client yaml tests "REST tests". They are rest tests, but they aren't
**the** rest tests.
This adds a header that looks like `Location: /test/test/1` to the
response for the index/create/update API. The requirement for the header
comes from https://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.htmlhttps://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7231#section-7.1.2 claims that relative
URIs are OK. So we use an absolute path which should resolve to the
appropriate location.
Closes#19079
This makes large changes to our rest test infrastructure, allowing us
to write junit tests that test a running cluster via the rest client.
It does this by splitting ESRestTestCase into two classes:
* ESRestTestCase is the superclass of all tests that use the rest client
to interact with a running cluster.
* ESClientYamlSuiteTestCase is the superclass of all tests that use the
rest client to run the yaml tests. These tests are shared across all
official clients, thus the `ClientYamlSuite` part of the name.
In #15950#15080#16084 we added the support of TimeOut for Requests with a default client`setTimeoutIntervalInMs`.
So we can remove this useless todo which was added for only one method.
Closes#18617.
Azure and Google cloud blob containers, as the APIs for both return
a 404 in the case of a missing object, which we already handle through
a NoSuchFileFoundException.
Added BlobContainer tests for HDFS storage
and caught a bug at the same time in which
deleteBlob was not raising an IOException
when the blobName did not exist.
Added BlobContainer tests for Azure storage
and caught a bug at the same time in which
deleteBlob was not raising an IOException
when the blobName did not exist.
Repository plugins currently use a lot of custom classes like
RepositoryName and RepositorySettings in order to use guice to construct
repository implementations. But repositories now only really need their
settings to be constructed. Anything else they need (eg a cloud client)
can be constructed within the plugin, instead of via guice.
This change makes repository plugins use the new pull model. It removes
guice from the construction of Repository objects (no more child
injectors) and also from all repository plugins.
The api for snapshot/restore was split up between two interfaces,
Repository and IndexShardRepository. There was also complex
initialization and injection between the two. However, there is always a
one to one relationship between the two.
This change moves the IndexShardRepository api into Repository, as well
as updates the API so as not to require any services to be injected for
sublcasses.