Currently meta plugins will ask for confirmation of security policy
exceptions for each bundled plugin. This commit collects the necessary
permissions of each bundled plugin, and asks for confirmation of all of
them at the same time.
This pull request replaces the jvm-example plugin (from the jvm/site plugins era) by two new plugins: a custom-settings that shows how to register and use custom settings (including secured settings) in a plugin, and rest-handler plugin that shows how to register a rest handler.
The two plugins now reside in the plugins/examples project. They can serve as sample plugins for users, a special attention has been put on documentation. The packaging tests have been adapted to use the custom-settings plugin.
Our rest client throws exceptions in funny ways that might cause
`suppressed` exceptions to be eaten. This works around that in the
reindex-from-old tests so we don't stomp on a real failure. It is fairly
diryt so we should work on fixing the high level rest client.
Relates to #25453
The current install_plugin() does not play well with meta plugins because
it always checks for the plugin's descriptor file.
This commit changes the install_plugin() so that it only runs the install plugin
command and lets the caller verify that the required files are correctly installed.
It also adds a install_meta_plugin() function to install meta plugins.
Currenty the rest response of the ranking evaluation API wraps all inside an
enclosing `rank_eval` object. This is redundant since it is clear from the API
call and it doesn't provide any other useful information. This change removes
this.
This commit lessens the burden on configuring settings.gradle when new
projects are added. In particular, this makes it trivial to move a
plugin to a module (or vice versa).
This commit modifies the build to require JDK 9 for
compilation. Henceforth, we will compile with a JDK 9 compiler targeting
JDK 8 as the class file format. Optionally, RUNTIME_JAVA_HOME can be set
as the runtime JDK used for running tests. To enable this change, we
separate the meaning of the compiler Java home versus the runtime Java
home. If the runtime Java home is not set (via RUNTIME_JAVA_HOME) then
we fallback to using JAVA_HOME as the runtime Java home. This enables:
- developers only have to set one Java home (JAVA_HOME)
- developers can set an optional Java home (RUNTIME_JAVA_HOME) to test
on the minimum supported runtime
- we can test compiling with JDK 9 running on JDK 8 and compiling with
JDK 9 running on JDK 9 in CI
Currently if the Lucene version is `X.Y.Z-snapshot-{gitrev}`, then we will
expect the docs to have `X.Y.Z-snapshot` as a Lucene version. I would like
to change it to `X.Y.Z` so that this doesn't need changing when we move from a
snapshot to a final release.
This is related to #27933. It introduces a jar named elasticsearch-core
in the lib directory. This commit moves the JarHell class from server to
elasticsearch-core. Additionally, PathUtils and some of Loggers are
moved as JarHell depends on them.
The configuration of the upgraded cluster task was missing a dependency
on the stopping of the second old node in the cluster. In some cases
(e.g., --parallel) Gradle would then try to run the configuration of a
node in the upgraded cluster before it had even configured the old nodes
in the cluster.
Relates #28036
This commit adds the ability to package multiple plugins in a single zip.
The zip file for a meta plugin must contains the following structure:
|____elasticsearch/
| |____ <plugin1> <-- The plugin files for plugin1 (the content of the elastisearch directory)
| |____ <plugin2> <-- The plugin files for plugin2
| |____ meta-plugin-descriptor.properties <-- example contents below
The meta plugin properties descriptor is mandatory and must contain the following properties:
description: simple summary of the meta plugin.
name: the meta plugin name
The installation process installs each plugin in a sub-folder inside the meta plugin directory.
The example above would create the following structure in the plugins directory:
|_____ plugins
| |____ <name_of_the_meta_plugin>
| | |____ meta-plugin-descriptor.properties
| | |____ <plugin1>
| | |____ <plugin2>
If the sub plugins contain a config or a bin directory, they are copied in a sub folder inside the meta plugin config/bin directory.
|_____ config
| |____ <name_of_the_meta_plugin>
| | |____ <plugin1>
| | |____ <plugin2>
|_____ bin
| |____ <name_of_the_meta_plugin>
| | |____ <plugin1>
| | |____ <plugin2>
The sub-plugins are loaded at startup like normal plugins with the same restrictions; they have a separate class loader and a sub-plugin
cannot have the same name than another plugin (or a sub-plugin inside another meta plugin).
It is also not possible to remove a sub-plugin inside a meta plugin, only full removal of the meta plugin is allowed.
Closes#27316
We have a packaging test that tries to install all plugins, and then
asserts that all expected plugins are installed. The expected plugins
are dervied from the list of plugins in the plugins sub-project. The
plugin transport-nio was recently added here, but explicit commands to
install and remove this plugin were never added. This commit addresses
this.
The full-cluster-restart tests are run with two nodes. This can lead to situations where the shrink tests fail because
the replicas are not allocated yet and the shrink operation needs the source shards to be available on the same node.
This is related to #27260. This commit moves the NioTransport from
:test:framework to a new nio-transport plugin. Additionally, supporting
tcp decoding classes are moved to this plugin. Generic byte reading and
writing contexts are moved to the nio library.
Additionally, this commit adds a basic MockNioTransport to
:test:framework that is a TcpTransport implementation for testing that
is driven by nio.
Lucene does not allow adding Lucene 6 files to a Lucene 7 index. This commit ensures that we carry over the Lucene version to the newly created Lucene index.
Closes#28061
This commit adds the infrastructure to plugin building and loading to
allow one plugin to extend another. That is, one plugin may extend
another by the "parent" plugin allowing itself to be extended through
java SPI. When all plugins extending a plugin are finished loading, the
"parent" plugin has a callback (through the ExtensiblePlugin interface)
allowing it to reload SPI.
This commit also adds an example plugin which uses as-yet implemented
extensibility (adding to the painless whitelist).
Previously we disabled these tests on JDK 9 and JDK 10 because Wildfly
10 did not support JDK 9 and JDK 10. With the release of Wildfly 11
supporting JDK 9 and JDK 10 and now that we depend on Wildfly 11 in
these tests, we can enable these tests on JDK 9 and JDK 10.
Relates #28042
This commit fixes a flubbed assertion in the Wildfly build file; the
intention was to assert that we have only set the value of the
management port once except the assertion that the management port was
equal to zero when finding a matching log line was left off.
The Wildfly tests previously needed hardcoded ports which would
sometimes already be in use leading to Wildfly test failures because the
server could not bind during startup. We had to wait until some upstream
changes (wildfly/wildfly#9943) and (wildfly/wildfly-core#2390) were
released before we could use ephemeral ports in these tests. These
changes are released now so this commit changes the Wildfly tests to use
ephemeral ports when starting Wildfly.
Relates #28040
* Adds task dependenciesInfo to BuildPlugin to generate a CSV file with dependencies information (name,version,url,license)
* Adds `ConcatFilesTask.groovy` to concatenates multiple files into one
* Adds task `:distribution:generateDependenciesReport` to concatenate `dependencies.csv` files into a single file (`es-dependencies.csv` by default)
# Examples:
$ gradle dependenciesInfo :distribution:generateDependenciesReport
## Use `csv` system property to customize the output file path
$ gradle dependenciesInfo :distribution:generateDependenciesReport -Dcsv=/tmp/elasticsearch-dependencies.csv
## When branch is not master, use `build.branch` system property to generate correct licenses URLs
$ gradle dependenciesInfo :distribution:generateDependenciesReport -Dbuild.branch=6.x -Dcsv=/tmp/elasticsearch-dependencies.csv
We disable these tests because the JVM flags we use will not start with
JDK 10. Since we do not support running these old versions on newer JDKs
anyway, this commit disables testing of these when running on JDK 10.
This commit moves GlobalCheckpointTracker from the engine to IndexShard, where it better fits logically: Tracking the global checkpoint based on the local checkpoints of all shards in the replication group is not a property of the engine, but rather a property fulfilled by the current primary shard. The LocalCheckpointTracker on the other hand is driven by the contents of the local translog. By moving GlobalCheckpointTracker to IndexShard, it makes little sense to keep the SequenceNumbersService class around - it would only wrap the LocalCheckpointTracker. This commit therefore removes the class and replaces occurrences of SequenceNumbersService in the engine directly by LocalCheckpointTracker.
This reverts commit e04e5ab037 as we no longer need the increased
logging for the mixed cluster tests. This will reduce the size of logs for some build failures.
If you assert that a pattern of files exists but it matches more then
one file the "assert this file exists" code failed with a misleading
error message. This tests if the patter resolved to multiple files and
prints a better error message if it did.
For too long we have been groping around in the dark when faced with GC
issues because we rarely have GC logs at our disposal. This commit
enables GC logging by default out of the box.
Relates #27610
Any CLI commands that depend on core Elasticsearch might touch classes
(directly or indirectly) that depends on logging. If they do this and
logging is not configured, Log4j will dump status error messages to the
console. As such, we need to ensure that any such CLI command configures
logging (with a trivial configuration that dumps log messages to the
console). Previously we did this in the base CLI command but with the
refactoring of this class out of core Elasticsearch, we no longer
configure logging there (since we did not want this class to depend on
settings and logging). However, this meant for some CLI commands (like
the plugin CLI) we were no longer configuring logging. This commit adds
base classes between the low-level command and multi-command classes
that ensure that logging is configured. Any CLI command that depends on
core Elasticsearch should use this infrastructure to ensure logging is
configured. There is one exception to this: Elasticsearch itself because
it takes reponsibility into its own hands for configuring logging from
Elasticsearch settings and log4j2.properties. We preserve this special
status.
Relates #27523
Today we require users to prepare their indices for split operations.
Yet, we can do this automatically when an index is created which would
make the split feature a much more appealing option since it doesn't have
any 3rd party prerequisites anymore.
This change automatically sets the number of routinng shards such that
an index is guaranteed to be able to split once into twice as many shards.
The number of routing shards is scaled towards the default shard limit per index
such that indices with a smaller amount of shards can be split more often than
larger ones. For instance an index with 1 or 2 shards can be split 10x
(until it approaches 1024 shards) while an index created with 128 shards can only
be split 3x by a factor of 2. Please note this is just a default value and users
can still prepare their indices with `index.number_of_routing_shards` for custom
splitting.
NOTE: this change has an impact on the document distribution since we are changing
the hash space. Documents are still uniformly distributed across all shards but since
we are artificually changing the number of buckets in the consistent hashign space
document might be hashed into different shards compared to previous versions.
This is a 7.0 only change.
Today Cross Cluster Search requires at least one node in each remote cluster to be up once the cross cluster search is run. Otherwise the whole search request fails despite some of the data (either local and/or remote) is available. This happens when performing the _search/shards calls to find out which remote shards the query has to be executed on. This scenario is different from shard failures that may happen later on when the query is actually executed, in case e.g. remote shards are missing, which is not going to fail the whole request but rather yield partial results, and the _shards section in the response will indicate that.
This commit introduces a boolean setting per cluster called search.remote.$cluster_alias.skip_if_disconnected, set to false by default, which allows to skip certain clusters if they are down when trying to reach them through a cross cluster search requests. By default all clusters are mandatory.
Scroll requests support such setting too when they are first initiated (first search request with scroll parameter), but subsequent scroll rounds (_search/scroll endpoint) will fail if some of the remote clusters went down meanwhile.
The search API response contains now a new _clusters section, similar to the _shards section, that gets returned whenever one or more clusters were disconnected and got skipped:
"_clusters" : {
"total" : 3,
"successful" : 2,
"skipped" : 1
}
Such section won't be part of the response if no clusters have been skipped.
The per cluster skip_unavailable setting value has also been added to the output of the remote/info API.
Projects the depend on the CLI currently depend on core. This should not
always be the case. The EnvironmentAwareCommand will remain in :core,
but the rest of the CLI components have been moved into their own
subproject of :core, :core:cli.
Currently, we are using a plain TransportRequestHandler to post snapshot
status messages to the master. However, it doesn't have a robust retry
mechanism as TransportMasterNodeAction. This change migrates from
TransportRequestHandler to TransportMasterNodeAction for the new
versions and keeps the current implementation for the old versions.
Closes#27151
When the vagrant box is very very slow, the elasticsearch service can
take more than 60 sec to start. This commit changes the timeout to 120.
closes#27372
* REST: Rename ingest.processor.grok to ingest.processor_grok
* REST: Rename remote.info to cluster.remote_info
* REST: Fixed bad YAML comments
* REST: Force dummy scripts to be strings, not numbers
* REST: Fix bad YAML in search/110_field_collapsing.yml
* REST: Adjust percentile tests to work with Perl number handling
extract all clauses from a conjunction query.
When clauses from a conjunction are extracted the number of clauses is
also stored in an internal doc values field (minimum_should_match field).
This field is used by the CoveringQuery and allows the percolator to
reduce the number of false positives when selecting candidate matches and
in certain cases be absolutely sure that a conjunction candidate match
will match and then skip MemoryIndex validation. This can greatly improve
performance.
Before this change only a single clause was extracted from a conjunction
query. The percolator tried to extract the clauses that was rarest in order
(based on term length) to attempt less candidate queries to be selected
in the first place. However this still method there is still a very high
chance that candidate query matches are false positives.
This change also removes the influencing query extraction added via #26081
as this is no longer needed because now all conjunction clauses are extracted.
https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/6.x/percolator.html#_influencing_query_extractionCloses#26307
If an out of memory error is thrown while merging, today we quietly
rewrap it into a merge exception and the out of memory error is
lost. Instead, we need to rethrow out of memory errors, and in fact any
fatal error here, and let those go uncaught so that the node is torn
down. This commit causes this to be the case.
Relates #27265
The warnings headers have a fairly limited set of valid characters
(cf. quoted-text in RFC 7230). While we have assertions that we adhere
to this set of valid characters ensuring that our warning messages do
not violate the specificaion, we were neglecting the possibility that
arbitrary user input would trickle into these warning headers. Thus,
missing here was tests for these situations and encoding of characters
that appear outside the set of valid characters. This commit addresses
this by encoding any characters in a deprecation message that are not
from the set of valid characters.
Relates #27269
Only tests should use the single argument Environment constructor. To
enforce this the single arg Environment constructor has been replaced with
a test framework factory method.
Production code (beyond initial Bootstrap) should always use the same
Environment object that Node.getEnvironment() returns. This Environment
is also available via dependency injection.
Prior to this change if the `bwcTest` task is run then it would create
task for each version, but each task in reality would use wireCompatVersions - 1
ES version. So we were not actually testing against 5.6.x versions in the
6.x and 6.0 branches.
This commit adjusts the assertions for the sequence number BWC tests to
account for the fact that sometimes these tests are run in
mixed-clusters with 5.6 nodes (that do not understand sequence numbers),
and sometimes these tests are run in mixed-cluster with 6.0+ nodes (that
all understood sequence numbers).
Relates #27251
Windows handles trying to read a file that does not exist because a
component of the path is not a directory differently than other OS
handle this situation. This commit adjusts these assertions for Windows.
Finder creates these files if you browse a directory there. These files
are really annoying, but it's an incredible pain for users that these
files are created unbeknownst to them, and then they get in the way of
Elasticsearch starting. This commit adds leniency on macOS only to skip
these files.
Relates #27108
Today all these API calls have a sideeffect of making documents visible
to search requests. While this is sometimes desired it's an unnecessary sideeffect
and now that we have an internal (engine-private) index reader (#26972) we artificially
add a refresh call for bwc. This change removes this sideeffect in 7.0.
The rolling-upgrade test was only writing the "minimum_master_nodes" setting to the configuration file of the old nodes, but not the upgraded ones.
Also changes the value of "minimum_master_nodes" from "number_of_nodes" to "(number_of_nodes / 2) + 1".
Today we return a `String[]` that requires copying values for every
access. Yet, we already store the setting as a list so we can also directly
return the unmodifiable list directly. This makes list / array access in settings
a much cheaper operation especially if lists are large.
The shard preference _primary, _replica and its variants were useful
for the asynchronous replication. However, with the current impl, they
are no longer useful and should be removed.
Closes#26335
The single shard optimization that we have in our search api changes the type of response returned by the query transport action name based on the shard search request. if the request goes to one shard, we will do query and fetch at the same time, hence the response will be different. The proxying layer used in cross cluster search was not aware of this distinction, which causes serialization issues every time a cross cluster search request goes to a single shard and goes through a gateway node which has to forward the shard request to a data node. The coordinating node would then expect a QueryFetchSearchResult while the gateway would return a QuerySearchResult.
Closes#26833
Since `#getAsMap` exposes internal representation we are trying to remove it
step by step. This commit is cleaning up some xcontent writing as well as
usage in tests
The ensure green approach to avoid allocation delays caused problems with other indices created by other tests which didn't use ensure green in the various cluster stages. This aligns testHistoryUUIDIsGenerated to use the same approach used by the other test.
This commit increases the amount of time to wait for green to accound for unassigned shards that
have been delayed. The default delay is 60s, so we need to wait longer than that. Previously, the
wait would timeout at 30s due to the rest client and the default for the cluster health api.
Closes#26742
The test starts with two old nodes and creates indices (without waiting for green, which is fixed here too). Then it restarts one of the nodes and waits for it to join the cluster. This wait condition only uses wait for yellow as our generic infra doesn't how many nodes are there in total. Once the restarted node is part of the cluster (mixed mode) the second old node is restarted. If indices are not fully allocated when that happens, the shards will go into delayed unassigned mode. If the recovery of the replica never completed we may end up with corrupted / no secondary copy on the node. This will cause the shards to be delayed for 1m before being reassigned and the test will time out.
It is the exciting return of the global checkpoint background
sync. Long, long ago, in snapshot version far, far away we had and only
had a global checkpoint background sync. This sync would fire
periodically and send the global checkpoint from the primary shard to
the replicas so that they could update their local knowledge of the
global checkpoint. Later in time, as we sped ahead towards finalizing
the initial version of sequence IDs, we realized that we need the global
checkpoint updates to be inline. This means that on a replication
operation, the primary shard would piggy back the global checkpoint with
the replication operation to the replicas. The replicas would update
their local knowledge of the global checkpoint and reply with their
local checkpoint. However, this could allow the global checkpoint on the
primary to advance again and the replicas would fall behind in their
local knowledge of the global checkpoint. If another replication
operation never fired, then the replicas would be permanently behind. To
account for this, we added one more sync that would fire when the
primary shard fell idle. However, this has problems:
- the shard idle timer defaults to five minutes, a long time to wait
for the replicas to learn of the new global checkpoint
- if a replica missed the sync, there was no follow-up sync to catch
them up
- there is an inherent race condition where the primary shard could
fall idle mid-operation (after having sent the replication request to
the replicas); in this case, there would never be a background sync
after the operation completes
- tying the global checkpoint sync to the idle timer was never natural
To fix this, we add two additional changes for the global checkpoint to
be synced to the replicas. The first is that we add a post-operation
sync that only fires if there are no operations in flight and there is a
lagging replica. This gives us a chance to sync the global checkpoint to
the replicas immediately after an operation so that they are always kept
up to date. The second is that we add back a global checkpoint
background sync that fires on a timer. This timer fires every thirty
seconds, and is not configurable (for simplicity). This background sync
is smarter than what we had previously in the sense that it only sends a
sync if the global checkpoint on at least one replica is lagging that of
the primary. When the timer fires, we can compare the global checkpoint
on the primary to its knowledge of the global checkpoint on the replicas
and only send a sync if there is a shard behind.
Relates #26591
The `fielddata` field and the use of the `_name` field in the short syntax of the range
query have been deprecated in 5.0 and can be removed.
The same goes for the deprecated `score_mode` field in HasParentQueryBuilder,
the deprecated `like_text`, `ids` and `docs` parameter in the `more_like_this` query,
the deprecated query name in the short version of the `regexp` query, and several
deprecated alternative field names in other query builders.
Restoring a shard from snapshot throws the primary back in time violating assumptions and bringing the validity of global checkpoints in question. To avoid problems, we should make sure that a shard that was restored will never be the source of an ops based recovery to a shard that existed before the restore. To this end we have introduced the notion of `histroy_uuid` in #26577 and required that both source and target will have the same history to allow ops based recoveries. This PR make sure that a shard gets a new uuid after restore.
As suggested by @ywelsch , I derived the creation of a `history_uuid` from the `RecoverySource` of the shard. Store recovery will only generate a uuid if it doesn't already exist (we can make this stricter when we don't need to deal with 5.x indices). Peer recovery follows the same logic (note that this is different than the approach in #26557, I went this way as it means that shards always have a history uuid after being recovered on a 6.x node and will also mean that a rolling restart is enough for old indices to step over to the new seq no model). Local shards and snapshot force the generation of a new translog uuid.
Relates #10708Closes#26544
The new ops based recovery, introduce as part of #10708, is based on the assumption that all operations below the global checkpoint known to the replica do not need to be synced with the primary. This is based on the guarantee that all ops below it are available on primary and they are equal. Under normal operations this guarantee holds. Sadly, it can be violated when a primary is restored from an old snapshot. At the point the restore primary can miss operations below the replica's global checkpoint, or even worse may have total different operations at the same spot. This PR introduces the notion of a history uuid to be able to capture the difference with the restored primary (in a follow up PR).
The History UUID is generated by a primary when it is first created and is synced to the replicas which are recovered via a file based recovery. The PR adds a requirement to ops based recovery to make sure that the history uuid of the source and the target are equal. Under normal operations, all shard copies will stay with that history uuid for the rest of the index lifetime and thus this is a noop. However, it gives us a place to guarantee we fall back to file base syncing in special events like a restore from snapshot (to be done as a follow up) and when someone calls the truncate translog command which can go wrong when combined with primary recovery (this is done in this PR).
We considered in the past to use the translog uuid for this function (i.e., sync it across copies) and thus avoid adding an extra identifier. This idea was rejected as it removes the ability to verify that a specific translog really belongs to a specific lucene index. We also feel that having a history uuid will serve us well in the future.
Removing several occurrences of this typo in the docs and javadocs, seems to be
a common mistake. Corrections turn up once in a while in PRs, better to correct
some of this in one sweep.
This commit refactors the bootstrap checks into a single result object
that encapsulates whether or not the check passed, and a failure message
if the check failed. This simpifies the checks, and enables the messages
to more easily be based on the state used to discern whether or not the
check passed.
Relates #26637
This exposes the node settings and the persistent part of the cluster state to the
bootstrap checks to allow plugins to enforce certain preconditions based on the
recovered state.
There is a bug in Log4j on JDK 9 for walking the stack to find where a
log line is coming from. This bug is impacting some of our testing, so
this commit marks these tests as skippable only on JDK 9 until the bug
is fixed upstream.
Relates #26467
The current script service has a script compilation limit for a one
minute window. This is set to a small default value of 15. Instead of
increasing that default value, this commit introduces a new setting
that allows to configure a rate per time unit, so that the script service can deal with bursts better.
The new setting is named `script.max_compilations_rate`,
requires a nonnegative number and a positive time value.
The default is `75/5m`, which is equivalent to the existing 15 per minute.
This commit adds writing build metadata to the `check` command for each
bwc project. This ensures the files will be written if doing a general
`gradle check`, which is what CI intake jobs do. In later jobs like
bwcTest, the extra bwc-release-snapshot info is needed.
Note this commit also has a little cleanup of the output for the bwc
checkout, as it was plastering a git warning, instead of the real info
we care about (the refspec and commit that were used).
When creating the keystore explicitly (from executing
elasticsearch-keystore create) or implicitly (for plugins that require
the keystore to be created on install) on an Elasticsearch package
installation, we are running as the root user. This leaves
/etc/elasticsearch/elasticsearch.keystore having the wrong ownership
(root:root) so that the elasticsearch user can not read the keystore on
startup. This commit adds setgid to /etc/elasticsearch on package
installation so that when executing this directory (as we would when
creating the keystore), we will end up with the correct ownership
(root:elasticsearch). Additionally, we set the permissions on the
keystore to be 660 so that the elasticsearch user via its group can read
this file on startup.
Relates #26412
At current, we do not feel there is enough of a reason to shade the low
level rest client. It caused problems with commons logging and IDE's
during the brief time it was used. We did not know exactly how many
users will need this, and decided that leaving shading out until we
gather more information is best. Users can still shade the jar
themselves. For information and feeback, see issue #26366.
Closes#26328
This reverts commit 3a20922046.
This reverts commit 2c271f0f22.
This reverts commit 9d10dbea39.
This reverts commit e816ef89a2.
Ryan Ernst
Tanguy Leroux
Nik Everett
Christoph Büscher
Jason Tedor
Adrien Grand
Tim Brooks
Igor Motov
Jim Ferenczi
Yannick Welsch
Maxime Gréau
Alexander Reelsen
Martijn van Groningen
jaymode
Boaz Leskes
Christoph Büscher
Lee Hinman
Christoph Büscher
David Turner
Simon Willnauer
javanna
Christoph Büscher
Luca Cavanna
Michael Basnight
Nhat Nguyen
Clinton Gormley
David Roberts
Anton Pozhidaev
kel
Nhat
Jay Modi