[[repository-s3]] === S3 Repository Plugin The S3 repository plugin adds support for using S3 as a repository for {ref}/modules-snapshots.html[Snapshot/Restore]. [[repository-s3-install]] [float] ==== Installation This plugin can be installed using the plugin manager: [source,sh] ---------------------------------------------------------------- sudo bin/elasticsearch-plugin install repository-s3 ---------------------------------------------------------------- // NOTCONSOLE The plugin must be installed on every node in the cluster, and each node must be restarted after installation. [[repository-s3-remove]] [float] ==== Removal The plugin can be removed with the following command: [source,sh] ---------------------------------------------------------------- sudo bin/elasticsearch-plugin remove repository-s3 ---------------------------------------------------------------- // NOTCONSOLE The node must be stopped before removing the plugin. [[repository-s3-usage]] ==== Getting started with AWS The plugin will default to using http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/iam-roles-for-amazon-ec2.html[IAM Role] credentials for authentication. These can be overridden by, in increasing order of precedence, system properties `aws.accessKeyId` and `aws.secretKey`, environment variables `AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID` and `AWS_SECRET_KEY`, or the elasticsearch config using `cloud.aws.access_key` and `cloud.aws.secret_key` or if you wish to set credentials specifically for s3 `cloud.aws.s3.access_key` and `cloud.aws.s3.secret_key`: [source,yaml] ---- cloud: aws: access_key: AKVAIQBF2RECL7FJWGJQ secret_key: vExyMThREXeRMm/b/LRzEB8jWwvzQeXgjqMX+6br ---- [[repository-s3-usage-security]] ===== Transport security By default this plugin uses HTTPS for all API calls to AWS endpoints. If you wish to configure HTTP you can set `cloud.aws.protocol` in the elasticsearch config. You can optionally override this setting per individual service via: `cloud.aws.ec2.protocol` or `cloud.aws.s3.protocol`. [source,yaml] ---- cloud: aws: protocol: https s3: protocol: http ec2: protocol: https ---- In addition, a proxy can be configured with the `proxy.host`, `proxy.port`, `proxy.username` and `proxy.password` settings (note that protocol can be `http` or `https`): [source,yaml] ---- cloud: aws: protocol: https proxy: host: proxy1.company.com port: 8083 username: myself password: theBestPasswordEver! ---- You can also set different proxies for `ec2` and `s3`: [source,yaml] ---- cloud: aws: s3: proxy: host: proxy1.company.com port: 8083 username: myself1 password: theBestPasswordEver1! ec2: proxy: host: proxy2.company.com port: 8083 username: myself2 password: theBestPasswordEver2! ---- [[repository-s3-usage-region]] ===== Region The `cloud.aws.region` can be set to a region and will automatically use the relevant settings for both `ec2` and `s3`. You can specifically set it for s3 only using `cloud.aws.s3.region`. The available values are: * `us-east` (`us-east-1`) for US East (N. Virginia) * `us-west` (`us-west-1`) for US West (N. California) * `us-west-2` for US West (Oregon) * `ap-south-1` for Asia Pacific (Mumbai) * `ap-southeast` (`ap-southeast-1`) for Asia Pacific (Singapore) * `ap-southeast-2` for Asia Pacific (Sydney) * `ap-northeast` (`ap-northeast-1`) for Asia Pacific (Tokyo) * `ap-northeast-2` (`ap-northeast-2`) for Asia Pacific (Seoul) * `eu-west` (`eu-west-1`) for EU (Ireland) * `eu-central` (`eu-central-1`) for EU (Frankfurt) * `sa-east` (`sa-east-1`) for South America (São Paulo) * `cn-north` (`cn-north-1`) for China (Beijing) [[repository-s3-usage-signer]] ===== S3 Signer API If you are using a S3 compatible service, they might be using an older API to sign the requests. You can set your compatible signer API using `cloud.aws.signer` (or `cloud.aws.s3.signer`) with the right signer to use. If you are using a compatible S3 service which do not support Version 4 signing process, you may need to use `S3SignerType`, which is Signature Version 2. [[repository-s3-repository]] ==== S3 Repository The S3 repository is using S3 to store snapshots. The S3 repository can be created using the following command: [source,js] ---- PUT _snapshot/my_s3_repository { "type": "s3", "settings": { "bucket": "my_bucket_name", "region": "us-west" } } ---- // CONSOLE // TEST[skip:we don't have s3 set up while testing this] The following settings are supported: `bucket`:: The name of the bucket to be used for snapshots. (Mandatory) `region`:: The region where bucket is located. Defaults to US Standard `endpoint`:: The endpoint to the S3 API. Defaults to AWS's default S3 endpoint. Note that setting a region overrides the endpoint setting. `protocol`:: The protocol to use (`http` or `https`). Defaults to value of `cloud.aws.protocol` or `cloud.aws.s3.protocol`. `base_path`:: Specifies the path within bucket to repository data. Defaults to value of `repositories.s3.base_path` or to root directory if not set. `access_key`:: The access key to use for authentication. Defaults to value of `cloud.aws.access_key`. `secret_key`:: The secret key to use for authentication. Defaults to value of `cloud.aws.secret_key`. `chunk_size`:: Big files can be broken down into chunks during snapshotting if needed. The chunk size can be specified in bytes or by using size value notation, i.e. `1gb`, `10mb`, `5kb`. Defaults to `1gb`. `compress`:: When set to `true` metadata files are stored in compressed format. This setting doesn't affect index files that are already compressed by default. Defaults to `false`. `server_side_encryption`:: When set to `true` files are encrypted on server side using AES256 algorithm. Defaults to `false`. `buffer_size`:: Minimum threshold below which the chunk is uploaded using a single request. Beyond this threshold, the S3 repository will use the http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonS3/latest/dev/uploadobjusingmpu.html[AWS Multipart Upload API] to split the chunk into several parts, each of `buffer_size` length, and to upload each part in its own request. Note that setting a buffer size lower than `5mb` is not allowed since it will prevents the use of the Multipart API and may result in upload errors. Defaults to `100mb`. `max_retries`:: Number of retries in case of S3 errors. Defaults to `3`. `use_throttle_retries`:: Set to `true` if you want to throttle retries. Defaults to AWS SDK default value (`false`). `read_only`:: Makes repository read-only. Defaults to `false`. `canned_acl`:: The S3 repository supports all http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonS3/latest/dev/acl-overview.html#canned-acl[S3 canned ACLs] : `private`, `public-read`, `public-read-write`, `authenticated-read`, `log-delivery-write`, `bucket-owner-read`, `bucket-owner-full-control`. Defaults to `private`. You could specify a canned ACL using the `canned_acl` setting. When the S3 repository creates buckets and objects, it adds the canned ACL into the buckets and objects. `storage_class`:: Sets the S3 storage class type for the backup files. Values may be `standard`, `reduced_redundancy`, `standard_ia`. Defaults to `standard`. Due to the extra complexity with the Glacier class lifecycle, it is not currently supported by the plugin. For more information about the different classes, see http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonS3/latest/dev/storage-class-intro.html[AWS Storage Classes Guide] `path_style_access`:: Activate path style access for [virtual hosting of buckets](http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonS3/latest/dev/VirtualHosting.html). The default behaviour is to detect which access style to use based on the configured endpoint (an IP will result in path-style access) and the bucket being accessed (some buckets are not valid DNS names). Note that you can define S3 repository settings for all S3 repositories in `elasticsearch.yml` configuration file. They are all prefixed with `repositories.s3.`. For example, you can define compression for all S3 repositories by setting `repositories.s3.compress: true` in `elasticsearch.yml`. The S3 repositories use the same credentials as the rest of the AWS services provided by this plugin (`discovery`). See <> for details. Multiple S3 repositories can be created. If the buckets require different credentials, then define them as part of the repository settings. [[repository-s3-permissions]] ===== Recommended S3 Permissions In order to restrict the Elasticsearch snapshot process to the minimum required resources, we recommend using Amazon IAM in conjunction with pre-existing S3 buckets. Here is an example policy which will allow the snapshot access to an S3 bucket named "snaps.example.com". This may be configured through the AWS IAM console, by creating a Custom Policy, and using a Policy Document similar to this (changing snaps.example.com to your bucket name). [source,js] ---- { "Statement": [ { "Action": [ "s3:ListBucket", "s3:GetBucketLocation", "s3:ListBucketMultipartUploads", "s3:ListBucketVersions" ], "Effect": "Allow", "Resource": [ "arn:aws:s3:::snaps.example.com" ] }, { "Action": [ "s3:GetObject", "s3:PutObject", "s3:DeleteObject", "s3:AbortMultipartUpload", "s3:ListMultipartUploadParts" ], "Effect": "Allow", "Resource": [ "arn:aws:s3:::snaps.example.com/*" ] } ], "Version": "2012-10-17" } ---- You may further restrict the permissions by specifying a prefix within the bucket, in this example, named "foo". [source,js] ---- { "Statement": [ { "Action": [ "s3:ListBucket", "s3:GetBucketLocation", "s3:ListBucketMultipartUploads", "s3:ListBucketVersions" ], "Condition": { "StringLike": { "s3:prefix": [ "foo/*" ] } }, "Effect": "Allow", "Resource": [ "arn:aws:s3:::snaps.example.com" ] }, { "Action": [ "s3:GetObject", "s3:PutObject", "s3:DeleteObject", "s3:AbortMultipartUpload", "s3:ListMultipartUploadParts" ], "Effect": "Allow", "Resource": [ "arn:aws:s3:::snaps.example.com/foo/*" ] } ], "Version": "2012-10-17" } ---- The bucket needs to exist to register a repository for snapshots. If you did not create the bucket then the repository registration will fail. If you want elasticsearch to create the bucket instead, you can add the permission to create a specific bucket like this: [source,js] ---- { "Action": [ "s3:CreateBucket" ], "Effect": "Allow", "Resource": [ "arn:aws:s3:::snaps.example.com" ] } ---- [[repository-s3-endpoint]] ===== Using other S3 endpoint If you are using any S3 api compatible service, you can set a global endpoint by setting `cloud.aws.s3.endpoint` to your URL provider. Note that this setting will be used for all S3 repositories. Different `endpoint`, `region` and `protocol` settings can be set on a per-repository basis See <> for details. [[repository-s3-aws-vpc]] [float] ==== AWS VPC Bandwidth Settings AWS instances resolve S3 endpoints to a public IP. If the elasticsearch instances reside in a private subnet in an AWS VPC then all traffic to S3 will go through that VPC's NAT instance. If your VPC's NAT instance is a smaller instance size (e.g. a t1.micro) or is handling a high volume of network traffic your bandwidth to S3 may be limited by that NAT instance's networking bandwidth limitations. Instances residing in a public subnet in an AWS VPC will connect to S3 via the VPC's internet gateway and not be bandwidth limited by the VPC's NAT instance. [[repository-s3-testing]] ==== Testing AWS Integrations tests in this plugin require working AWS configuration and therefore disabled by default. Three buckets and two iam users have to be created. The first iam user needs access to two buckets in different regions and the final bucket is exclusive for the other iam user. To enable tests prepare a config file elasticsearch.yml with the following content: [source,yaml] ---- cloud: aws: access_key: AKVAIQBF2RECL7FJWGJQ secret_key: vExyMThREXeRMm/b/LRzEB8jWwvzQeXgjqMX+6br repositories: s3: bucket: "bucket_name" region: "us-west-2" private-bucket: bucket: access_key: secret_key: remote-bucket: bucket: region: external-bucket: bucket: access_key: secret_key: endpoint: protocol: ---- Replace all occurrences of `access_key`, `secret_key`, `endpoint`, `protocol`, `bucket` and `region` with your settings. Please, note that the test will delete all snapshot/restore related files in the specified buckets. To run test: [source,sh] ---- mvn -Dtests.aws=true -Dtests.config=/path/to/config/file/elasticsearch.yml clean test ----