[[query-dsl-geo-distance-query]]
=== Geo Distance Query

Filters documents that include only hits that exists within a specific
distance from a geo point. Assuming the following indexed json:

[source,js]
--------------------------------------------------
{
    "pin" : {
        "location" : {
            "lat" : 40.12,
            "lon" : -71.34
        }
    }
}
--------------------------------------------------

Then the following simple query can be executed with a `geo_distance`
filter:

[source,js]
--------------------------------------------------
{
    "bool" : {
        "must" : {
            "match_all" : {}
        },
        "filter" : {
            "geo_distance" : {
                "distance" : "200km",
                "pin.location" : {
                    "lat" : 40,
                    "lon" : -70
                }
            }
        }
    }
}
--------------------------------------------------

[float]
==== Accepted Formats

In much the same way the `geo_point` type can accept different
representation of the geo point, the filter can accept it as well:

[float]
===== Lat Lon As Properties

[source,js]
--------------------------------------------------
{
    "bool" : {
        "must" : {
            "match_all" : {}
        },
        "filter" : {
            "geo_distance" : {
                "distance" : "12km",
                "pin.location" : {
                    "lat" : 40,
                    "lon" : -70
                }
            }
        }
    }
}
--------------------------------------------------

[float]
===== Lat Lon As Array

Format in `[lon, lat]`, note, the order of lon/lat here in order to
conform with http://geojson.org/[GeoJSON].

[source,js]
--------------------------------------------------
{
    "bool" : {
        "must" : {
            "match_all" : {}
        },
        "filter" : {
            "geo_distance" : {
                "distance" : "12km",
                "pin.location" : [-70, 40]
            }
        }
    }
}
--------------------------------------------------

[float]
===== Lat Lon As String

Format in `lat,lon`.

[source,js]
--------------------------------------------------
{
    "bool" : {
        "must" : {
            "match_all" : {}
        },
        "filter" : {
            "geo_distance" : {
                "distance" : "12km",
                "pin.location" : "40,-70"
            }
        }
    }
}
--------------------------------------------------

[float]
===== Geohash

[source,js]
--------------------------------------------------
{
    "bool" : {
        "must" : {
            "match_all" : {}
        },
        "filter" : {
            "geo_distance" : {
                "distance" : "12km",
                "pin.location" : "drm3btev3e86"
            }
        }
    }
}
--------------------------------------------------

[float]
==== Options

The following are options allowed on the filter:

[horizontal]

`distance`::

    The radius of the circle centred on the specified location. Points which
    fall into this circle are considered to be matches. The `distance` can be
    specified in various units. See <<distance-units>>.

`distance_type`::

    How to compute the distance. Can either be `sloppy_arc` (default), `arc` (slightly more precise but significantly slower) or `plane` (faster, but inaccurate on long distances and close to the poles).

`optimize_bbox`::

    Whether to use the optimization of first running a bounding box check
    before the distance check. Defaults to `memory` which will do in memory
    checks. Can also have values of `indexed` to use indexed value check (make
    sure the `geo_point` type index lat lon in this case), or `none` which
    disables bounding box optimization.

`_name`::

    Optional name field to identify the query

`validation_method`::

    Set to `IGNORE_MALFORMED` to accept geo points with invalid latitude or
    longitude, set to `COERCE` to additionally try and infer correct
    coordinates (default is `STRICT`).

[float]
==== geo_point Type

The filter *requires* the `geo_point` type to be set on the relevant
field.

[float]
==== Multi Location Per Document

The `geo_distance` filter can work with multiple locations / points per
document. Once a single location / point matches the filter, the
document will be included in the filter.

[float]
==== Ignore Unmapped

When set to `true` the `ignore_unmapped` option will ignore an unmapped field
and will not match any documents for this query. This can be useful when
querying multiple indexes which might have different mappings. When set to
`false` (the default value) the query will throw an exception if the field
is not mapped.