[[similarity]]
=== `similarity`

Elasticsearch allows you to configure a scoring algorithm or _similarity_ per
field. The `similarity` setting provides a simple way of choosing a similarity
algorithm other than the default `BM25`, such as `TF/IDF`.

Similarities are mostly useful for <<text,`text`>> fields, but can also apply
to other field types.

Custom similarities can be configured by tuning the parameters of the built-in
similarities. For more details about this expert options, see the
<<index-modules-similarity,similarity module>>.

The only similarities which can be used out of the box, without any further
configuration are:

`BM25`::
The https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Okapi_BM25[Okapi BM25 algorithm]. The
algorithm used by default in {es} and Lucene.

`classic`::
deprecated:[7.0.0]
The https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tf%E2%80%93idf[TF/IDF algorithm], the former
default in {es} and Lucene.

`boolean`::
        A simple boolean similarity, which is used when full-text ranking is not needed
        and the score should only be based on whether the query terms match or not.
        Boolean similarity gives terms a score equal to their query boost.


The `similarity` can be set on the field level when a field is first created,
as follows:

[source,console]
--------------------------------------------------
PUT my_index
{
  "mappings": {
    "properties": {
      "default_field": { <1>
        "type": "text"
      },
      "boolean_sim_field": {
        "type": "text",
        "similarity": "boolean" <2>
      }
    }
  }
}
--------------------------------------------------

<1> The `default_field` uses the `BM25` similarity.
<2> The `boolean_sim_field` uses the `boolean` similarity.