118 lines
4.7 KiB
Plaintext
118 lines
4.7 KiB
Plaintext
[[xpack-security]]
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= Securing Elasticsearch and Kibana
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:imagesdir: images/security
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[partintro]
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--
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{security} enables you to easily secure a cluster. With Security,
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you can password-protect your data as well as implement more advanced security
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measures such as encrypting communications, role-based access control,
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IP filtering, and auditing. This guide describes how to configure the security
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features you need, and interact with your secured cluster.
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Security protects Elasticsearch clusters by:
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* <<preventing-unauthorized-access, Preventing unauthorized access>>
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with password protection, role-based access control, and IP filtering.
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* <<preserving-data-integrity, Preserving the integrity of your data>>
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with message authentication and SSL/TLS encryption.
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* <<maintaining-audit-trail, Maintaining an audit trail>>
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so you know who's doing what to your cluster and the data it stores.
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[float]
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[[preventing-unauthorized-access]]
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=== Preventing Unauthorized Access
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To prevent unauthorized access to your Elasticsearch cluster, you must have a
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way to _authenticate_ users. This simply means that you need a way to validate
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that a user is who they claim to be. For example, you have to make sure only
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the person named _Kelsey Andorra_ can sign in as the user `kandorra`. X-Pack
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Security provides a standalone authentication mechanism that enables you to
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quickly password-protect your cluster. If you're already using <<ldap-realm, LDAP>>,
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<<active-directory-realm, Active Directory>>, or <<pki-realm, PKI>> to manage
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users in your organization, {security} is able to integrate with those
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systems to perform user authentication.
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In many cases, simply authenticating users isn't enough. You also need a way to
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control what data users have access to and what tasks they can perform. {security}
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enables you to _authorize_ users by assigning access _privileges_ to _roles_,
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and assigning those roles to users. For example, this
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<<authorization,role-based access control>> mechanism (a.k.a RBAC) enables
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you to specify that the user `kandorra` can only perform read operations on the
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`events` index and can't do anything at all with other indices.
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{security} also supports <<ip-filtering, IP-based authorization>>. You can
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whitelist and blacklist specific IP addresses or subnets to control network-level
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access to a server.
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[float]
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[[preserving-data-integrity]]
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=== Preserving Data Integrity
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A critical part of security is keeping confidential data confidential.
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Elasticsearch has built-in protections against accidental data loss and
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corruption. However, there's nothing to stop deliberate tampering or data
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interception. {security} preserves the integrity of your data by
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<<ssl-tls, encrypting communications>> to and from nodes and
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<<enable-message-authentication, authenticating messages>> to verify that they
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have not been tampered with or corrupted in transit during node-to-node
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communication. For even greater protection, you can increase the
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<<ciphers, encryption strength>> and
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<<separating-node-client-traffic, separate client traffic from node-to-node communications>>.
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[float]
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[[maintaining-audit-trail]]
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=== Maintaining an Audit Trail
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Keeping a system secure takes vigilance. By using {security} to maintain
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an audit trail, you can easily see who is accessing your cluster and what they're
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doing. By analyzing access patterns and failed attempts to access your cluster,
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you can gain insights into attempted attacks and data breaches. Keeping an
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auditable log of the activity in your cluster can also help diagnose operational
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issues.
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[float]
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=== Where to Go Next
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* <<security-getting-started, Getting Started>>
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steps through how to install and start using Security for basic authentication.
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* <<how-security-works, How Security Works>>
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provides more information about how Security supports user authentication,
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authorization, and encryption.
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* <<tribe-clients-integrations>>
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shows you how to interact with an Elasticsearch cluster protected by
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X-Pack Security.
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* <<security-reference, Reference>>
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provides detailed information about the access privileges you can grant to
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users, the settings you can configure for Security in `elasticsearch.yml`,
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and the files where Security configuration information is stored.
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[float]
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=== Have Comments, Questions, or Feedback?
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Head over to our {security-forum}[Security Discussion Forum]
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to share your experience, questions, and suggestions.
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--
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include::getting-started.asciidoc[]
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include::how-security-works.asciidoc[]
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include::authentication.asciidoc[]
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include::authorization.asciidoc[]
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include::auditing.asciidoc[]
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include::securing-communications.asciidoc[]
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include::using-ip-filtering.asciidoc[]
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include::tribe-clients-integrations.asciidoc[]
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include::reference.asciidoc[] |