245 lines
8.6 KiB
Plaintext
245 lines
8.6 KiB
Plaintext
[[indices-flush]]
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== Flush
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The flush API allows to flush one or more indices through an API. The
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flush process of an index makes sure that any data that is currently only
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persisted in the <<index-modules-translog,transaction log>> is also permanently
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persisted in Lucene. This reduces recovery times as that data doesn't need to be
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reindexed from the transaction logs after the Lucene indexed is opened. By
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default, Elasticsearch uses heuristics in order to automatically
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trigger flushes as required. It is rare for users to need to call the API directly.
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[source,js]
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--------------------------------------------------
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POST twitter/_flush
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--------------------------------------------------
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// CONSOLE
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// TEST[setup:twitter]
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[float]
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[[flush-parameters]]
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=== Request Parameters
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The flush API accepts the following request parameters:
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[horizontal]
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`wait_if_ongoing`:: If set to `true`(the default value) the flush operation will
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block until the flush can be executed if another flush operation is already executing.
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`force`:: Whether a flush should be forced even if it is not necessarily needed i.e.
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if no changes will be committed to the index. This is useful if transaction log IDs
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should be incremented even if no uncommitted changes are present.
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(This setting can be considered as internal)
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[float]
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[[flush-multi-index]]
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=== Multi Index
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The flush API can be applied to more than one index with a single call,
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or even on `_all` the indices.
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[source,js]
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--------------------------------------------------
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POST kimchy,elasticsearch/_flush
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POST _flush
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--------------------------------------------------
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// CONSOLE
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// TEST[s/^/PUT kimchy\nPUT elasticsearch\n/]
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[[synced-flush-api]]
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=== Synced Flush
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Elasticsearch tracks the indexing activity of each shard. Shards that have not
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received any indexing operations for 5 minutes are automatically marked as inactive. This presents
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an opportunity for Elasticsearch to reduce shard resources and also perform
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a special kind of flush, called `synced flush`. A synced flush performs a normal flush, then adds
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a generated unique marker (sync_id) to all shards.
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Since the sync id marker was added when there were no ongoing indexing operations, it can
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be used as a quick way to check if the two shards' lucene indices are identical. This quick sync id
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comparison (if present) is used during recovery or restarts to skip the first and
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most costly phase of the process. In that case, no segment files need to be copied and
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the transaction log replay phase of the recovery can start immediately. Note that since the sync id
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marker was applied together with a flush, it is very likely that the transaction log will be empty,
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speeding up recoveries even more.
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This is particularly useful for use cases having lots of indices which are
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never or very rarely updated, such as time based data. This use case typically generates lots of indices whose
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recovery without the synced flush marker would take a long time.
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To check whether a shard has a marker or not, look for the `commit` section of shard stats returned by
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the <<indices-stats,indices stats>> API:
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[source,sh]
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--------------------------------------------------
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GET twitter/_stats?filter_path=**.commit&level=shards <1>
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--------------------------------------------------
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// CONSOLE
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// TEST[s/^/PUT twitter\nPOST twitter\/_flush\/synced\n/]
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<1> `filter_path` is used to reduce the verbosity of the response, but is entirely optional
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which returns something similar to:
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[source,js]
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--------------------------------------------------
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{
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"indices": {
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"twitter": {
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"shards": {
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"0": [
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{
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"commit" : {
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"id" : "3M3zkw2GHMo2Y4h4/KFKCg==",
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"generation" : 3,
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"user_data" : {
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"translog_uuid" : "hnOG3xFcTDeoI_kvvvOdNA",
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"history_uuid" : "XP7KDJGiS1a2fHYiFL5TXQ",
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"local_checkpoint" : "-1",
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"translog_generation" : "2",
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"max_seq_no" : "-1",
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"sync_id" : "AVvFY-071siAOuFGEO9P", <1>
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"max_unsafe_auto_id_timestamp" : "-1",
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"min_retained_seq_no" : "0"
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},
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"num_docs" : 0
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}
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}
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]
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}
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}
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}
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}
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--------------------------------------------------
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// TESTRESPONSE[s/"id" : "3M3zkw2GHMo2Y4h4\/KFKCg=="/"id": $body.indices.twitter.shards.0.0.commit.id/]
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// TESTRESPONSE[s/"translog_uuid" : "hnOG3xFcTDeoI_kvvvOdNA"/"translog_uuid": $body.indices.twitter.shards.0.0.commit.user_data.translog_uuid/]
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// TESTRESPONSE[s/"history_uuid" : "XP7KDJGiS1a2fHYiFL5TXQ"/"history_uuid": $body.indices.twitter.shards.0.0.commit.user_data.history_uuid/]
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// TESTRESPONSE[s/"sync_id" : "AVvFY-071siAOuFGEO9P"/"sync_id": $body.indices.twitter.shards.0.0.commit.user_data.sync_id/]
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<1> the `sync id` marker
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[float]
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=== Synced Flush API
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The Synced Flush API allows an administrator to initiate a synced flush manually. This can be particularly useful for
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a planned (rolling) cluster restart where you can stop indexing and don't want to wait the default 5 minutes for
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idle indices to be sync-flushed automatically.
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While handy, there are a couple of caveats for this API:
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1. Synced flush is a best effort operation. Any ongoing indexing operations will cause
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the synced flush to fail on that shard. This means that some shards may be synced flushed while others aren't. See below for more.
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2. The `sync_id` marker is removed as soon as the shard is flushed again. That is because a flush replaces the low level
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lucene commit point where the marker is stored. Uncommitted operations in the transaction log do not remove the marker.
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In practice, one should consider any indexing operation on an index as removing the marker as a flush can be triggered by Elasticsearch
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at any time.
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NOTE: It is harmless to request a synced flush while there is ongoing indexing. Shards that are idle will succeed and shards
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that are not will fail. Any shards that succeeded will have faster recovery times.
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[source,sh]
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--------------------------------------------------
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POST twitter/_flush/synced
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--------------------------------------------------
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// CONSOLE
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// TEST[setup:twitter]
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The response contains details about how many shards were successfully sync-flushed and information about any failure.
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Here is what it looks like when all shards of a two shards and one replica index successfully
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sync-flushed:
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[source,js]
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--------------------------------------------------
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{
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"_shards": {
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"total": 2,
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"successful": 2,
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"failed": 0
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},
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"twitter": {
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"total": 2,
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"successful": 2,
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"failed": 0
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}
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}
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--------------------------------------------------
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// TESTRESPONSE[s/"successful": 2/"successful": 1/]
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Here is what it looks like when one shard group failed due to pending operations:
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[source,js]
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--------------------------------------------------
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{
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"_shards": {
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"total": 4,
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"successful": 2,
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"failed": 2
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},
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"twitter": {
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"total": 4,
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"successful": 2,
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"failed": 2,
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"failures": [
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{
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"shard": 1,
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"reason": "[2] ongoing operations on primary"
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}
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]
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}
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}
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--------------------------------------------------
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// NOTCONSOLE
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NOTE: The above error is shown when the synced flush fails due to concurrent indexing operations. The HTTP
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status code in that case will be `409 CONFLICT`.
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Sometimes the failures are specific to a shard copy. The copies that failed will not be eligible for
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fast recovery but those that succeeded still will be. This case is reported as follows:
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[source,js]
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--------------------------------------------------
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{
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"_shards": {
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"total": 4,
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"successful": 1,
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"failed": 1
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},
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"twitter": {
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"total": 4,
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"successful": 3,
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"failed": 1,
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"failures": [
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{
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"shard": 1,
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"reason": "unexpected error",
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"routing": {
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"state": "STARTED",
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"primary": false,
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"node": "SZNr2J_ORxKTLUCydGX4zA",
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"relocating_node": null,
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"shard": 1,
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"index": "twitter"
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}
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}
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]
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}
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}
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--------------------------------------------------
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// NOTCONSOLE
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NOTE: When a shard copy fails to sync-flush, the HTTP status code returned will be `409 CONFLICT`.
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The synced flush API can be applied to more than one index with a single call,
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or even on `_all` the indices.
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[source,js]
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--------------------------------------------------
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POST kimchy,elasticsearch/_flush/synced
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POST _flush/synced
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--------------------------------------------------
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// CONSOLE
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