93 lines
2.7 KiB
Plaintext
93 lines
2.7 KiB
Plaintext
[[dynamic]]
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=== `dynamic`
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By default, fields can be added _dynamically_ to a document, or to
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<<object,inner objects>> within a document, just by indexing a document
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containing the new field. For instance:
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[source,js]
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--------------------------------------------------
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DELETE my_index <1>
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PUT my_index/my_type/1 <2>
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{
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"username": "johnsmith",
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"name": {
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"first": "John",
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"last": "Smith"
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}
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}
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GET my_index/_mapping <3>
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PUT my_index/my_type/2 <4>
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{
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"username": "marywhite",
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"email": "mary@white.com",
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"name": {
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"first": "Mary",
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"middle": "Alice",
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"last": "White"
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}
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}
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GET my_index/_mapping <5>
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--------------------------------------------------
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// AUTOSENSE
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<1> First delete the index, in case it already exists.
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<2> This document introduces the string field `username`, the object field
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`name`, and two string fields under the `name` object which can be
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referred to as `name.first` and `name.last`.
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<3> Check the mapping to verify the above.
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<4> This document adds two string fields: `email` and `name.middle`.
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<5> Check the mapping to verify the changes.
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The details of how new fields are detected and added to the mapping is explained in <<dynamic-mapping>>.
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The `dynamic` setting controls whether new fields can be added dynamically or
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not. It accepts three settings:
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[horizontal]
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`true`:: Newly detected fields are added to the mapping. (default)
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`false`:: Newly detected fields are ignored. New fields must be added explicitly.
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`strict`:: If new fields are detected, an exception is thrown and the document is rejected.
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The `dynamic` setting may be set at the mapping type level, and on each
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<<object,inner object>>. Inner objects inherit the setting from their parent
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object or from the mapping type. For instance:
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[source,js]
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--------------------------------------------------
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PUT my_index
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{
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"mappings": {
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"my_type": {
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"dynamic": false, <1>
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"properties": {
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"user": { <2>
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"properties": {
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"name": {
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"type": "string"
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},
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"social_networks": { <3>
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"dynamic": true,
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"properties": {}
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}
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}
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}
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}
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}
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}
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}
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--------------------------------------------------
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// AUTOSENSE
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<1> Dynamic mapping is disabled at the type level, so no new top-level fields will be added dynamically.
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<2> The `user` object inherits the type-level setting.
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<3> The `user.social_networks` object enables dynamic mapping, so new fields may be added to this inner object.
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TIP: The `dynamic` setting is allowed to have different settings for fields of
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the same name in the same index. Its value can be updated on existing fields
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using the <<indices-put-mapping,PUT mapping API>>.
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