OpenSearch/docs/reference/query-dsl/range-query.asciidoc

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[[query-dsl-range-query]]
=== Range query
++++
<titleabbrev>Range</titleabbrev>
++++
Returns documents that contain terms within a provided range.
[[range-query-ex-request]]
==== Example request
The following search returns documents where the `age` field contains a term
between `10` and `20`.
[source,console]
----
GET _search
{
"query": {
"range" : {
"age" : {
"gte" : 10,
"lte" : 20,
"boost" : 2.0
}
}
}
}
----
[[range-query-top-level-params]]
==== Top-level parameters for `range`
`<field>`::
+
--
(Required, object) Field you wish to search.
--
[[range-query-field-params]]
==== Parameters for `<field>`
`gt`::
(Optional) Greater than.
`gte`::
(Optional) Greater than or equal to.
`lt`::
(Optional) Less than.
`lte`::
(Optional) Less than or equal to.
`format`::
+
--
(Optional, string) Date format used to convert `date` values in the query.
By default, {es} uses the <<mapping-date-format,date `format`>> provided in the
`<field>`'s mapping. This value overrides that mapping format.
For valid syntax, see <<mapping-date-format,`format`>>.
[WARNING]
====
If a `format` and `date` value are incomplete, {es} replaces any missing year,
month, or date component with the start of
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unix_time[Unix time], which is January 1st, 1970.
For example, if the `format` value is `dd`, {es} converts a `gte` value of `10`
to `1970-01-10T00:00:00.000Z`.
====
--
[[querying-range-fields]]
`relation`::
+
--
(Optional, string) Indicates how the range query matches values for `range`
fields. Valid values are:
`INTERSECTS` (Default)::
Matches documents with a range field value that intersects the query's range.
`CONTAINS`::
Matches documents with a range field value that entirely contains the query's range.
`WITHIN`::
Matches documents with a range field value entirely within the query's range.
--
`time_zone`::
+
--
(Optional, string)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_UTC_time_offsets[Coordinated Universal
Time (UTC) offset] or
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_tz_database_time_zones[IANA time zone]
used to convert `date` values in the query to UTC.
Valid values are ISO 8601 UTC offsets, such as `+01:00` or -`08:00`, and IANA
time zone IDs, such as `America/Los_Angeles`.
For an example query using the `time_zone` parameter, see
<<range-query-time-zone,Time zone in `range` queries>>.
[NOTE]
====
The `time_zone` parameter does **not** affect the <<date-math,date math>> value
of `now`. `now` is always the current system time in UTC.
However, the `time_zone` parameter does convert dates calculated using `now` and
<<date-math,date math rounding>>. For example, the `time_zone` parameter will
convert a value of `now/d`.
====
--
`boost`::
+
--
(Optional, float) Floating point number used to decrease or increase the
<<relevance-scores,relevance scores>> of a query. Defaults to `1.0`.
You can use the `boost` parameter to adjust relevance scores for searches
containing two or more queries.
Boost values are relative to the default value of `1.0`. A boost value between
`0` and `1.0` decreases the relevance score. A value greater than `1.0`
increases the relevance score.
--
[[range-query-notes]]
==== Notes
[[ranges-on-dates]]
===== Using the `range` query with `date` fields
When the `<field>` parameter is a <<date,`date`>> field datatype, you can use
<<date-math,date math>> with the following parameters:
* `gt`
* `gte`
* `lt`
* `lte`
For example, the following search returns documents where the `timestamp` field
contains a date between today and yesterday.
[source,console]
----
GET _search
{
"query": {
"range" : {
"timestamp" : {
"gte" : "now-1d/d",
"lt" : "now/d"
}
}
}
}
----
[[range-query-date-math-rounding]]
====== Date math and rounding
{es} rounds <<date-math,date math>> values in parameters as follows:
`gt`::
+
--
Rounds up to the lastest millisecond.
For example, `2014-11-18||/M` rounds up to `2014-11-30T23:59:59.999`, excluding
the entire month.
--
`gte`::
+
--
Rounds down to the first millisecond.
For example, `2014-11-18||/M` rounds down to `2014-11-01`, including
the entire month.
--
`lt`::
+
--
Rounds down to the first millisecond.
For example, `2014-11-18||/M` rounds down to `2014-11-01`, excluding
the entire month.
--
`lte`::
+
--
Rounds up to the lastest millisecond.
For example, `2014-11-18||/M` rounds up to `2014-11-30T23:59:59.999`, including
the entire month.
--
[[range-query-time-zone]]
===== Example query using `time_zone` parameter
You can use the `time_zone` parameter to convert `date` values to UTC using a
UTC offset. For example:
[source,console]
----
GET _search
{
"query": {
"range": {
"timestamp": {
"time_zone": "+01:00", <1>
"gte": "2020-01-01T00:00:00", <2>
"lte": "now" <3>
}
}
}
}
----
// TEST[continued]
<1> Indicates that `date` values use a UTC offset of `+01:00`.
<2> With a UTC offset of `+01:00`, {es} converts this date to
`2019-12-31T23:00:00 UTC`.
<3> The `time_zone` parameter does not affect the `now` value.