OpenSearch/docs/reference/search/run-a-search.asciidoc

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[[run-a-search]]
== Run a search
You can use the <<search-search,search API>> to search data stored in
{es} data streams or indices.
The API can run two types of searches, depending on how you provide
<<search-query,queries>>:
<<run-uri-search,URI searches>>::
Queries are provided through a query parameter. URI searches tend to be
simpler and best suited for testing.
<<run-request-body-search,Request body searches>>::
Queries are provided through the JSON body of the API request. These queries
are written in <<query-dsl,Query DSL>>. We recommend using request body
searches in most production use cases.
[WARNING]
====
If you specify a query in both the URI and request body, the search API request
runs only the URI query.
====
[discrete]
[[run-uri-search]]
=== Run a URI search
You can use the search API's <<search-api-query-params-q,`q` query string
parameter>> to run a search in the request's URI. The `q` parameter only accepts
queries written in Lucene's <<query-string-syntax,query string syntax>>.
To get started, ingest or add some data to an {es} data stream or index.
The following <<docs-bulk,bulk API>> request adds some example server access log
data to the `my-index-000001` index.
[source,console]
----
PUT /my-index-000001/_bulk?refresh
{ "index":{ } }
{ "@timestamp": "2099-11-15T14:12:12", "http": { "request": { "method": "get" }, "response": { "bytes": 1070000, "status_code": 200 }, "version": "1.1" }, "message": "GET /search HTTP/1.1 200 1070000", "source": { "ip": "127.0.0.1" }, "user": { "id": "kimchy" } }
{ "index":{ } }
{ "@timestamp": "2099-11-15T14:12:12", "http": { "request": { "method": "get" }, "response": { "bytes": 1070000, "status_code": 200 }, "version": "1.1" }, "message": "GET /search HTTP/1.1 200 1070000", "source": { "ip": "10.42.42.42" }, "user": { "id": "elkbee" } }
{ "index":{ } }
{ "@timestamp": "2099-11-15T14:12:12", "http": { "request": { "method": "get" }, "response": { "bytes": 1070000, "status_code": 200 }, "version": "1.1" }, "message": "GET /search HTTP/1.1 200 1070000", "source": { "ip": "10.42.42.42" }, "user": { "id": "elkbee" } }
----
// TESTSETUP
You can now use the search API to run a URI search on this index.
The following URI search matches documents with a `user.id` value of `kimchy`.
Note the query is specified using the `q` query string parameter.
[source,console]
----
GET /my-index-000001/_search?q=user.id:kimchy
----
The API returns the following response. Note the `hits.hits` property contains
the document that matched the query.
[source,console-result]
----
{
"took": 5,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 1,
"successful": 1,
"skipped": 0,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": {
"value": 1,
"relation": "eq"
},
"max_score": 0.9808291,
"hits": [
{
"_index": "my-index-000001",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "kxWFcnMByiguvud1Z8vC",
"_score": 0.9808291,
"_source": {
"@timestamp": "2099-11-15T14:12:12",
"http": {
"request": {
"method": "get"
},
"response": {
"bytes": 1070000,
"status_code": 200
},
"version": "1.1"
},
"message": "GET /search HTTP/1.1 200 1070000",
"source": {
"ip": "127.0.0.1"
},
"user": {
"id": "kimchy"
}
}
}
]
}
}
----
// TESTRESPONSE[s/"took": 5/"took": "$body.took"/]
// TESTRESPONSE[s/"_id": "kxWFcnMByiguvud1Z8vC"/"_id": "$body.hits.hits.0._id"/]
[discrete]
[[run-request-body-search]]
=== Run a request body search
You can use the search API's <<request-body-search-query,`query` request
body parameter>> to provide a query as a JSON object, written in
<<query-dsl,Query DSL>>.
The following request body search uses the <<query-dsl-match-query,`match`>>
query to match documents with a `user.id` value of `kimchy`. Note the
`match` query is specified as a JSON object in the `query` parameter.
[source,console]
----
GET /my-index-000001/_search
{
"query": {
"match": {
"user.id": "kimchy"
}
}
}
----
The API returns the following response.
The `hits.hits` property contains matching documents. By default, the response
sorts these matching documents by `_score`, a <<relevance-scores,relevance
score>> that measures how well each document matches the query.
[source,console-result]
----
{
"took": 5,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 1,
"successful": 1,
"skipped": 0,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": {
"value": 1,
"relation": "eq"
},
"max_score": 0.9808291,
"hits": [
{
"_index": "my-index-000001",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "kxWFcnMByiguvud1Z8vC",
"_score": 0.9808291,
"_source": {
"@timestamp": "2099-11-15T14:12:12",
"http": {
"request": {
"method": "get"
},
"response": {
"bytes": 1070000,
"status_code": 200
},
"version": "1.1"
},
"message": "GET /search HTTP/1.1 200 1070000",
"source": {
"ip": "127.0.0.1"
},
"user": {
"id": "kimchy"
}
}
}
]
}
}
----
// TESTRESPONSE[s/"took": 5/"took": "$body.took"/]
// TESTRESPONSE[s/"_id": "kxWFcnMByiguvud1Z8vC"/"_id": "$body.hits.hits.0._id"/]
[discrete]
[[search-multiple-indices]]
=== Search multiple data streams and indices
To search multiple data streams and indices, add them as comma-separated values
in the search API request path.
The following request searches the `my-index-000001` and `my-index-000002`
indices.
[source,console]
----
GET /my-index-000001,my-index-000002/_search
{
"query": {
"match": {
"user.id": "kimchy"
}
}
}
----
// TEST[s/^/PUT my-index-000002\n/]
You can also search multiple data streams and indices using a wildcard (`*`)
pattern.
The following request targets the wildcard pattern `user_logs*`. The request
searches any data streams or indices in the cluster that start with `user_logs`.
[source,console]
----
GET /user_logs*/_search
{
"query": {
"match": {
"user.id": "kimchy"
}
}
}
----
To search all data streams and indices in a cluster, omit the target from the
request path. Alternatively, you can use `_all` or `*`.
The following requests are equivalent and search all data streams and indices in the cluster.
[source,console]
----
GET /_search
{
"query": {
"match": {
"user.id": "kimchy"
}
}
}
GET /_all/_search
{
"query": {
"match": {
"user.id": "kimchy"
}
}
}
GET /*/_search
{
"query": {
"match": {
"user.id": "kimchy"
}
}
}
----
include::request/from-size.asciidoc[]
include::search-fields.asciidoc[]
include::request/highlighting.asciidoc[]