OpenSearch/docs/en/sql/functions/index.asciidoc

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[[sql-functions]]
== Functions and Operators
=== Comparison Operators
Elasticsearch SQL supports the following comparison operators:
* Equality (`=`)
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* Inequality (`<>` or `!=`)
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* Comparison (`<`, `<=`, `>`, `>=`)
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* `BETWEEN`
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* `IS NULL`/`IS NOT NULL`
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include-tagged::{sql-specs}/filter.sql-spec[whereIsNotNullAndIsNull]
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=== Logical Operators
Elasticsearch SQL supports the following logical operators:
* `AND`
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* `OR`
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* `NOT`
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=== Math Operators
Elasticsearch SQL supports the following math operators:
* Add (`+`)
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* Subtract (infix `-`)
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* Negate (unary `-`)
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* Multiply (`*`)
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* Divide (`/`)
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include-tagged::{sql-specs}/arithmetic.sql-spec[divide]
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* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modulo_operation[Modulo] (`%`)
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=== Math Functions
==== Basic
* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Absolute_value[Absolute value] (`ABS`)
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* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rounding#Round_half_up[Round] (`ROUND`)
// TODO make the example in the tests presentable
NOTE: This rounds "half up" meaning that `ROUND(-1.5)` results in `-1`.
* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Floor_and_ceiling_functions[Ceiling] (`CEIL`)
// TODO make the example in the tests presentable
* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Floor_and_ceiling_functions[Floor] (`FLOOR`)
// TODO make the example in the tests presentable
* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_logarithm[Natural logarithm] (`LOG`)
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include-tagged::{sql-specs}/math.sql-spec[log]
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* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logarithm[Logarithm] base 10 (`LOG10`)
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include-tagged::{sql-specs}/math.sql-spec[log10]
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* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Square_root[Square root] (`SQRT`)
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include-tagged::{sql-specs}/math.sql-spec[sqrt]
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* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cube_root[Cube root] (`CBRT`)
// TODO make the example in the tests presentable
* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exponential_function[e^x^] (`EXP`)
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* https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/Math.html#expm1-double-[e^x^ - 1] (`EXPM1`)
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==== Trigonometric
* Convert from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radian[radians]
to https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Degree_(angle)[degrees] (`DEGREES`)
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include-tagged::{sql-specs}/math.sql-spec[degrees]
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* Convert from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Degree_(angle)[degrees]
to https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radian[radians] (`RADIANS`)
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include-tagged::{sql-specs}/math.sql-spec[degrees]
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* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trigonometric_functions#sine[Sine] (`SIN`)
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include-tagged::{sql-specs}/math.sql-spec[sin]
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* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trigonometric_functions#cosine[Cosine] (`COS`)
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include-tagged::{sql-specs}/math.sql-spec[cos]
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* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trigonometric_functions#tangent[Tangent] (`TAN`)
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* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inverse_trigonometric_functions[Arc sine] (`ASIN`)
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* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inverse_trigonometric_functions[Arc cosine] (`ACOS`)
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* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inverse_trigonometric_functions[Arc tangent] (`ATAN`)
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* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperbolic_function[Hyperbolic sine] (`SINH`)
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* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperbolic_function[Hyperbolic cosine] (`COSH`)
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include-tagged::{sql-specs}/math.sql-spec[cosh]
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[[sql-functions-datetime]]
=== Date and Time Functions
* Extract the year from a date (`YEAR`)
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* Extract the month of the year from a date (`MONTH_OF_YEAR` or `MONTH`)
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* Extract the week of the year from a date (`WEEK_OF_YEAR` or `WEEK`)
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* Extract the day of the year from a date (`DAY_OF_YEAR` or `DOY`)
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* Extract the day of the month from a date (`DAY_OF_MONTH`, `DOM`, or `DAY`)
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* Extract the day of the week from a date (`DAY_OF_WEEK` or `DOW`).
Monday is `1`, Tuesday is `2`, etc.
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* Extract the hour of the day from a date (`HOUR_OF_DAY` or `HOUR`).
Monday is `1`, Tuesday is `2`, etc.
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* Extract the minute of the day from a date (`MINUTE_OF_DAY`).
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* Extract the minute of the hour from a date (`MINUTE_OF_HOUR`, `MINUTE`).
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* Extract the second of the minute from a date (`SECOND_OF_MINUTE`, `SECOND`).
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include-tagged::{sql-specs}/datetime.csv-spec[secondOfMinute]
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[[sql-functions-aggregate]]
=== Aggregate Functions
==== Basic
* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arithmetic_mean[Average] (`AVG`)
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* Count the number of matching fields (`COUNT`)
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include-tagged::{sql-specs}/agg.sql-spec[countStar]
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* Count the number of distinct values in matching documents (`COUNT(DISTINCT`)
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* Find the maximum value in matching documents (`MAX`)
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* Find the minimum value in matching documents (`MIN`)
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include-tagged::{sql-specs}/agg.sql-spec[min]
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* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kahan_summation_algorithm[Sum]
all values of matching documents (`SUM`).
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include-tagged::{sql-specs}/agg.csv-spec[sum]
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