342 lines
9.9 KiB
Plaintext
342 lines
9.9 KiB
Plaintext
[[indices-put-template]]
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=== Put index template API
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++++
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<titleabbrev>Put index template</titleabbrev>
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++++
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Creates or updates an index template.
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Index templates define <<index-modules-settings,settings>>, <<mapping,mappings>>,
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and <<indices-aliases,aliases>> that can be applied automatically to new indices.
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[source,console]
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--------------------------------------------------
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PUT /_index_template/template_1
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{
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"index_patterns" : ["te*"],
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"priority" : 1,
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"template": {
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"settings" : {
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"number_of_shards" : 2
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}
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}
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}
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--------------------------------------------------
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// TESTSETUP
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//////////////////////////
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[source,console]
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--------------------------------------------------
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DELETE _index_template/template_*
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--------------------------------------------------
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// TEARDOWN
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//////////////////////////
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[[put-index-template-api-request]]
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==== {api-request-title}
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`PUT /_index_template/<index-template>`
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[[put-index-template-api-desc]]
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==== {api-description-title}
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{es} applies templates to new indices based on an
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wildcard pattern that matches the index name.
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Index templates are applied during data stream or index creation.
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For data streams, these settings and mappings are applied when the stream's backing indices are created.
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Settings and mappings specified in a <<indices-create-index, create index>>
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request override any settings or mappings specified in an index template.
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Changes to index templates do not affect
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existing indices, including the existing backing indices of a data stream.
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===== Comments in index templates
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You can use C-style /* */ block comments in index templates. You can include comments anywhere in
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the request body, except before the opening curly bracket.
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[[put-index-template-api-path-params]]
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==== {api-path-parms-title}
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`<index-template>`::
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(Required, string)
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Name of the index template to create.
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[[put-index-template-api-query-params]]
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==== {api-query-parms-title}
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`create`::
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(Optional, boolean)
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If `true`, this request cannot replace or update existing index templates. Defaults to `false`.
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include::{docdir}/rest-api/common-parms.asciidoc[tag=master-timeout]
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[role="child_attributes"]
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[[put-index-template-api-request-body]]
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==== {api-request-body-title}
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`index_patterns`::
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(Required, array of strings)
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Array of wildcard (`*`) expressions
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used to match the names of data streams and indices during creation.
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[xpack]#`data_stream`#::
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(Optional, object)
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Indicates whether the template is used to create data streams and their backing
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indices. If so, use an empty object as the argument: +
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`data_stream: { }`.
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+
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Data streams require a matching index template with a `data_stream` object.
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See <<create-a-data-stream-template>>.
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`template`::
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(Optional, object)
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Template to be applied. It may optionally include an `aliases`, `mappings`, or
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`settings` configuration.
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+
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.Properties of `template`
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[%collapsible%open]
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====
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include::{docdir}/rest-api/common-parms.asciidoc[tag=aliases]
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+
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NOTE: You cannot add data streams to an index alias.
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include::{docdir}/rest-api/common-parms.asciidoc[tag=mappings]
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include::{docdir}/rest-api/common-parms.asciidoc[tag=settings]
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====
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`composed_of`::
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(Optional, array of strings)
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An ordered list of component template names. Component templates are merged in the order
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specified, meaning that the last component template specified has the highest precedence. See
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<<multiple-component-templates,Composing multiple component templates>> for an example.
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`priority`::
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(Optional, integer)
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Priority to determine index template precedence when a new data stream or index is created. The index template with
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the highest priority is chosen. If no priority is specified the template is treated as though it is
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of priority 0 (lowest priority).
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This number is not automatically generated by {es}.
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`version`::
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(Optional, integer)
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Version number used to manage index templates externally.
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This number is not automatically generated by {es}.
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`_meta`::
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(Optional, object)
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Optional user metadata about the index template. May have any contents.
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This map is not automatically generated by {es}.
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[[put-index-template-api-example]]
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==== {api-examples-title}
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===== Index template with index aliases
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You can include <<indices-aliases,index aliases>> in an index template.
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[source,console]
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--------------------------------------------------
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PUT _index_template/template_1
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{
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"index_patterns" : ["te*"],
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"template": {
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"settings" : {
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"number_of_shards" : 1
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},
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"aliases" : {
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"alias1" : {},
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"alias2" : {
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"filter" : {
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"term" : {"user.id" : "kimchy" }
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},
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"routing" : "kimchy"
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},
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"{index}-alias" : {} <1>
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}
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}
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}
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--------------------------------------------------
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<1> the `{index}` placeholder in the alias name will be replaced with the
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actual index name that the template gets applied to, during index creation.
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[[multiple-templates]]
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===== Multiple matching templates
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If multiple index templates match the name of a new index or data stream,
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the template with the highest priority is used. For example:
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[source,console]
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--------------------------------------------------
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PUT /_index_template/template_1
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{
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"index_patterns" : ["t*"],
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"priority" : 0,
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"template": {
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"settings" : {
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"number_of_shards" : 1,
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"number_of_replicas": 0
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},
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"mappings" : {
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"_source" : { "enabled" : false }
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}
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}
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}
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PUT /_index_template/template_2
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{
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"index_patterns" : ["te*"],
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"priority" : 1,
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"template": {
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"settings" : {
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"number_of_shards" : 2
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},
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"mappings" : {
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"_source" : { "enabled" : true }
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}
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}
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}
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--------------------------------------------------
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For indices that start with `te*`, `_source` will enabled, and the index will have two primary
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shards and one replica, because only `template_2` will be applied.
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NOTE: Multiple templates with overlapping index patterns at the same priority are not allowed, and
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an error will be thrown when attempting to create a template matching an existing index template at
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identical priorities.
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[[versioning-templates]]
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===== Template versioning
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You can use the `version` parameter to add a version number to an index template.
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External systems can use these version numbers to simplify template management.
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The `version` parameter is optional and not automatically generated or used by {es}.
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To unset a `version`, replace the template without specifying one.
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[source,console]
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--------------------------------------------------
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PUT /_index_template/template_1
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{
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"index_patterns" : ["foo", "bar"],
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"priority" : 0,
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"template": {
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"settings" : {
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"number_of_shards" : 1
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}
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},
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"version": 123
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}
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--------------------------------------------------
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To check the `version`, you can use the <<indices-get-template, get index template>> API.
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[[template-metadata]]
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===== Template metadata
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You can use the `_meta` parameter to add arbitrary metadata to an index template.
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This user-defined object is stored in the cluster state,
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so keeping it short is preferrable.
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The `_meta` parameter is optional and not automatically generated or used by {es}.
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To unset `_meta`, replace the template without specifying one.
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[source,console]
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--------------------------------------------------
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PUT /_index_template/template_1
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{
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"index_patterns": ["foo", "bar"],
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"template": {
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"settings" : {
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"number_of_shards" : 3
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}
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},
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"_meta": {
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"description": "set number of shards to three",
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"serialization": {
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"class": "MyIndexTemplate",
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"id": 17
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}
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}
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}
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--------------------------------------------------
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To check the `_meta`, you can use the <<indices-get-template, get index template>> API.
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[[data-stream-definition]]
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===== Data stream definition
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To use an index template for a data stream, the template must include an empty `data_stream` object.
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Data stream templates are only used for a stream's backing indices,
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they are not applied to regular indices.
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See <<create-a-data-stream-template>>.
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[source,console]
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--------------------------------------------------
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PUT /_index_template/template_1
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{
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"index_patterns": ["logs-*"],
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"data_stream": { }
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}
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--------------------------------------------------
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[[multiple-component-templates]]
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===== Composing aliases, mappings, and settings
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When multiple component templates are specified in the `composed_of` field for an index template,
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they are merged in the order specified, meaning that later component templates override earlier
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component templates. Any mappings, settings, or aliases from the parent index template are merged
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in next. Finally, any configuration on the index request itself is merged.
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In this example, the order of the two component templates changes the number of shards for an
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index:
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[source,console]
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--------------------------------------------------
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PUT /_component_template/template_with_2_shards
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{
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"template": {
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"settings": {
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"index.number_of_shards": 2
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}
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}
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}
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PUT /_component_template/template_with_3_shards
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{
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"template": {
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"settings": {
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"index.number_of_shards": 3
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}
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}
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}
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PUT /_index_template/template_1
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{
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"index_patterns": ["t*"],
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"composed_of": ["template_with_2_shards", "template_with_3_shards"]
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}
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--------------------------------------------------
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In this case, an index matching `t*` will have three primary shards. If the order of composed
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templates were reversed, the index would have two primary shards.
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Mapping definitions are merged recursively, which means that later mapping components can
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introduce new field mappings and update the mapping configuration. If a field mapping is
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already contained in an earlier component, its definition will be completely overwritten
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by the later one.
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This recursive merging strategy applies not only to field mappings, but also root options like
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`dynamic_templates` and `meta`. If an earlier component contains a `dynamic_templates` block,
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then by default new `dynamic_templates` entries are appended onto the end. If an entry already
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exists with the same key, then it is overwritten by the new definition.
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