OpenSearch/docs/reference/search/explain.asciidoc

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[[search-explain]]
=== Explain API
The explain api computes a score explanation for a query and a specific
document. This can give useful feedback whether a document matches or
didn't match a specific query.
Note that a single index must be provided to the `index` parameter.
[float]
==== Usage
Full query example:
[source,console]
--------------------------------------------------
GET /twitter/_explain/0
{
"query" : {
"match" : { "message" : "elasticsearch" }
}
}
--------------------------------------------------
// TEST[setup:twitter]
This will yield the following result:
[source,console-result]
--------------------------------------------------
{
"_index":"twitter",
"_type":"_doc",
"_id":"0",
"matched":true,
"explanation":{
"value":1.6943597,
"description":"weight(message:elasticsearch in 0) [PerFieldSimilarity], result of:",
"details":[
{
"value":1.6943597,
"description":"score(freq=1.0), product of:",
"details":[
{
"value":2.2,
"description":"boost",
"details":[]
},
{
"value":1.3862944,
"description":"idf, computed as log(1 + (N - n + 0.5) / (n + 0.5)) from:",
"details":[
{
"value":1,
"description":"n, number of documents containing term",
"details":[]
},
{
"value":5,
"description":"N, total number of documents with field",
"details":[]
}
]
},
{
"value":0.5555555,
"description":"tf, computed as freq / (freq + k1 * (1 - b + b * dl / avgdl)) from:",
"details":[
{
"value":1.0,
"description":"freq, occurrences of term within document",
"details":[]
},
{
"value":1.2,
"description":"k1, term saturation parameter",
"details":[]
},
{
"value":0.75,
"description":"b, length normalization parameter",
"details":[]
},
{
"value":3.0,
"description":"dl, length of field",
"details":[]
},
{
"value":5.4,
"description":"avgdl, average length of field",
"details":[]
}
]
}
]
}
]
}
}
--------------------------------------------------
There is also a simpler way of specifying the query via the `q`
parameter. The specified `q` parameter value is then parsed as if the
`query_string` query was used. Example usage of the `q` parameter in the
explain api:
[source,console]
--------------------------------------------------
GET /twitter/_explain/0?q=message:search
--------------------------------------------------
// TEST[setup:twitter]
This will yield the same result as the previous request.
[float]
==== All parameters:
[horizontal]
`_source`::
Set to `true` to retrieve the `_source` of the document explained. You can also
retrieve part of the document by using `_source_includes` & `_source_excludes` (see <<get-source-filtering,Get API>> for more details)
`stored_fields`::
Allows to control which stored fields to return as part of the
document explained.
`routing`::
Controls the routing in the case the routing was used
during indexing.
`parent`::
Same effect as setting the routing parameter.
`preference`::
Controls on which shard the explain is executed.
`source`::
Allows the data of the request to be put in the query
string of the url.
`q`::
The query string (maps to the query_string query).
`df`::
The default field to use when no field prefix is defined within
the query.
`analyzer`::
The analyzer name to be used when analyzing the query
string. Defaults to the default search analyzer.
`analyze_wildcard`::
Should wildcard and prefix queries be analyzed or
not. Defaults to false.
`lenient`::
If set to true will cause format based failures (like
providing text to a numeric field) to be ignored. Defaults to false.
`default_operator`::
The default operator to be used, can be AND or
OR. Defaults to OR.