OpenSearch/docs/reference/indices/shrink-index.asciidoc

217 lines
7.3 KiB
Plaintext
Raw Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

[[indices-shrink-index]]
=== Shrink index API
++++
<titleabbrev>Shrink index</titleabbrev>
++++
Shrinks an existing index into a new index with fewer primary shards.
[source,console]
----
POST /twitter/_shrink/shrunk-twitter-index
----
// TEST[s/^/PUT twitter\n{"settings":{"index.number_of_shards":2,"blocks.write":true}}\n/]
[[shrink-index-api-request]]
==== {api-request-title}
`POST /<index>/_shrink/<target-index>`
`PUT /<index>/_shrink/<target-index>`
[[shrink-index-api-prereqs]]
==== {api-prereq-title}
Before you can shrink an index:
* The index must be read-only.
* A copy of every shard in the index must reside on the same node.
* The <<cluster-health, cluster health>> status must be green.
These three conditions can be achieved with the following request:
[source,console]
--------------------------------------------------
PUT /my_source_index/_settings
{
"settings": {
"index.routing.allocation.require._name": "shrink_node_name", <1>
"index.blocks.write": true <2>
}
}
--------------------------------------------------
// TEST[s/^/PUT my_source_index\n{"settings":{"index.number_of_shards":2}}\n/]
<1> Forces the relocation of a copy of each shard to the node with name
`shrink_node_name`. See <<shard-allocation-filtering>> for more options.
<2> Prevents write operations to this index while still allowing metadata
changes like deleting the index.
It can take a while to relocate the source index. Progress can be tracked
with the <<cat-recovery,`_cat recovery` API>>, or the <<cluster-health,
`cluster health` API>> can be used to wait until all shards have relocated
with the `wait_for_no_relocating_shards` parameter.
[[shrink-index-api-desc]]
==== {api-description-title}
The shrink index API allows you to shrink an existing index into a new index
with fewer primary shards. The requested number of primary shards in the target index
must be a factor of the number of shards in the source index. For example an index with
`8` primary shards can be shrunk into `4`, `2` or `1` primary shards or an index
with `15` primary shards can be shrunk into `5`, `3` or `1`. If the number
of shards in the index is a prime number it can only be shrunk into a single
primary shard. Before shrinking, a (primary or replica) copy of every shard
in the index must be present on the same node.
[[how-shrink-works]]
===== How shrinking works
A shrink operation:
. Creates a new target index with the same definition as the source
index, but with a smaller number of primary shards.
. Hard-links segments from the source index into the target index. (If
the file system doesn't support hard-linking, then all segments are copied
into the new index, which is a much more time consuming process. Also if using
multiple data paths, shards on different data paths require a full copy of
segment files if they are not on the same disk since hardlinks dont work across
disks)
. Recovers the target index as though it were a closed index which
had just been re-opened.
[[_shrinking_an_index]]
===== Shrink an index
To shrink `my_source_index` into a new index called `my_target_index`, issue
the following request:
[source,console]
--------------------------------------------------
POST /my_source_index/_shrink/my_target_index
{
"settings": {
"index.routing.allocation.require._name": null, <1>
"index.blocks.write": null <2>
}
}
--------------------------------------------------
// TEST[continued]
<1> Clear the allocation requirement copied from the source index.
<2> Clear the index write block copied from the source index.
The above request returns immediately once the target index has been added to
the cluster state -- it doesn't wait for the shrink operation to start.
[IMPORTANT]
=====================================
Indices can only be shrunk if they satisfy the following requirements:
* the target index must not exist
* The index must have more primary shards than the target index.
* The number of primary shards in the target index must be a factor of the
number of primary shards in the source index. The source index must have
more primary shards than the target index.
* The index must not contain more than `2,147,483,519` documents in total
across all shards that will be shrunk into a single shard on the target index
as this is the maximum number of docs that can fit into a single shard.
* The node handling the shrink process must have sufficient free disk space to
accommodate a second copy of the existing index.
=====================================
The `_shrink` API is similar to the <<indices-create-index, `create index` API>>
and accepts `settings` and `aliases` parameters for the target index:
[source,console]
--------------------------------------------------
POST /my_source_index/_shrink/my_target_index
{
"settings": {
"index.number_of_replicas": 1,
"index.number_of_shards": 1, <1>
"index.codec": "best_compression" <2>
},
"aliases": {
"my_search_indices": {}
}
}
--------------------------------------------------
// TEST[s/^/PUT my_source_index\n{"settings": {"index.number_of_shards":5,"index.blocks.write": true}}\n/]
<1> The number of shards in the target index. This must be a factor of the
number of shards in the source index.
<2> Best compression will only take affect when new writes are made to the
index, such as when <<indices-forcemerge,force-merging>> the shard to a single
segment.
NOTE: Mappings may not be specified in the `_shrink` request.
[[monitor-shrink]]
===== Monitor the shrink process
The shrink process can be monitored with the <<cat-recovery,`_cat recovery`
API>>, or the <<cluster-health, `cluster health` API>> can be used to wait
until all primary shards have been allocated by setting the `wait_for_status`
parameter to `yellow`.
The `_shrink` API returns as soon as the target index has been added to the
cluster state, before any shards have been allocated. At this point, all
shards are in the state `unassigned`. If, for any reason, the target index
can't be allocated on the shrink node, its primary shard will remain
`unassigned` until it can be allocated on that node.
Once the primary shard is allocated, it moves to state `initializing`, and the
shrink process begins. When the shrink operation completes, the shard will
become `active`. At that point, Elasticsearch will try to allocate any
replicas and may decide to relocate the primary shard to another node.
[[shrink-wait-active-shards]]
===== Wait for active shards
Because the shrink operation creates a new index to shrink the shards to,
the <<create-index-wait-for-active-shards,wait for active shards>> setting
on index creation applies to the shrink index action as well.
[[shrink-index-api-path-params]]
==== {api-path-parms-title}
`<index>`::
(Required, string)
Name of the source index to shrink.
include::{es-repo-dir}/rest-api/common-parms.asciidoc[tag=target-index]
[[shrink-index-api-query-params]]
==== {api-query-parms-title}
include::{es-repo-dir}/rest-api/common-parms.asciidoc[tag=wait_for_active_shards]
include::{es-repo-dir}/rest-api/common-parms.asciidoc[tag=timeoutparms]
[[shrink-index-api-request-body]]
==== {api-request-body-title}
include::{es-repo-dir}/rest-api/common-parms.asciidoc[tag=target-index-aliases]
include::{es-repo-dir}/rest-api/common-parms.asciidoc[tag=target-index-settings]