mirror of
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563 lines
22 KiB
Plaintext
563 lines
22 KiB
Plaintext
[role="xpack"]
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[testenv="basic"]
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[[snapshot-lifecycle-management-api]]
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== Snapshot lifecycle management API
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The Snapshot Lifecycle Management APIs are used to manage policies for the time
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and frequency of automatic snapshots. Snapshot Lifecycle Management is related
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to <<index-lifecycle-management,Index Lifecycle Management>>, however, instead
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of managing a lifecycle of actions that are performed on a single index, SLM
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allows configuring policies spanning multiple indices. Snapshot Lifecycle
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Management can also perform deletion of older snapshots based on a configurable
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retention policy.
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SLM policy management is split into three different CRUD APIs, a way to put or update
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policies, a way to retrieve policies, and a way to delete unwanted policies, as
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well as a separate API for immediately invoking a snapshot based on a policy.
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Since SLM falls under the same category as ILM, it is stopped and started by
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using the <<start-stop-ilm,start and stop>> ILM APIs. It is, however, managed
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by a different enable setting. To disable SLM's functionality, set the cluster
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setting `xpack.slm.enabled` to `false` in elasticsearch.yml.
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[[slm-api-put]]
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=== Put snapshot lifecycle policy API
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++++
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<titleabbrev>Put snapshot lifecycle policy</titleabbrev>
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++++
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Creates or updates a snapshot lifecycle policy.
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[[slm-api-put-request]]
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==== {api-request-title}
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`PUT /_slm/policy/<snapshot-lifecycle-policy-id>`
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[[slm-api-put-prereqs]]
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==== {api-prereq-title}
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If you use {es} {security-features},
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you must have:
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* `manage_slm` <<privileges-list-cluster,cluster privileges>>
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* `manage` <<privileges-list-indices,index privileges>> for any included indices
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{slm-cap} operations are executed
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as the user that last created or updated the policy.
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For more information,
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see <<security-privileges>>.
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[[slm-api-put-desc]]
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==== {api-description-title}
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Use the put snapshot lifecycle policy API
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to create or update a snapshot lifecycle policy.
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If the policy already exists,
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this request increments the policy's version.
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Only the latest version of the policy is stored.
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[[slm-api-put-path-params]]
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==== {api-path-parms-title}
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`<snapshot-lifecycle-policy-id>`::
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(Required, string)
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ID for the snapshot lifecycle policy
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you want to create or update.
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[[slm-api-put-query-params]]
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==== {api-query-parms-title}
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include::{docdir}/rest-api/common-parms.asciidoc[tag=timeoutparms]
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[[slm-api-put-request-body]]
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==== {api-request-body-title}
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`schedule`::
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(Required, <<schedule-cron,Cron scheduler configuration>>)
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Periodic or absolute schedule
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at which the policy creates snapshots
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and deletes expired snapshots.
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+
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Schedule changes to existing policies
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are applied immediately.
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`name`::
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+
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--
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(Required, string)
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Name automatically assigned to each snapshot
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created by the policy.
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This value supports the same <<date-math-index-names,date math>>
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supported in index names.
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To prevent conflicting snapshot names,
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a UUID is automatically appended to each snapshot name.
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--
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`repository`::
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+
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--
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(Required, string)
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Repository used to store snapshots
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created by this policy.
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This repository must exist prior to the policy's creation.
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You can create a repository
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using the <<modules-snapshots,snapshot repository API>>.
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--
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`config`::
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+
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--
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(Required, object)
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Configuration for each snapshot
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created by the policy.
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Parameters include:
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`indices`::
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(Optional, array of strings)
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Array of index names or wildcard pattern of index names
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included in snapshots.
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`ignore_unavailable`::
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(Optional, boolean)
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If `true`,
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missing indices do *not* cause snapshot creation to fail
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and return an error.
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Defaults to `false`.
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`include_global_state`::
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(Optional, boolean)
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If `true`,
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cluster states are included in snapshots.
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Defaults to `false`.
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--
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`retention`::
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+
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--
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(Optional, object)
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Retention rules used to retain
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and delete snapshots
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created by the policy.
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Parameters include:
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`expire_after`::
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(Optional, <<time-units, time units>>)
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Time period after which
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a snapshot is considered expired
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and eligible for deletion.
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`max_count`::
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(Optional, integer)
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Maximum number of snapshots to retain,
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even if the snapshots have not yet expired.
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+
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If the number of snapshots in the repository exceeds this limit,
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the policy retains the most recent snapshots
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and deletes older snapshots.
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`min_count`::
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(Optional, integer)
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Minimum number of snapshots to retain,
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even if the snapshots have expired.
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--
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[[slm-api-put-example]]
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==== {api-examples-title}
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The following request creates a snapshot lifecycle policy
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with an ID of `daily-snapshots`:
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[source,console]
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--------------------------------------------------
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PUT /_slm/policy/daily-snapshots
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{
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"schedule": "0 30 1 * * ?", <1>
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"name": "<daily-snap-{now/d}>", <2>
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"repository": "my_repository", <3>
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"config": { <4>
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"indices": ["data-*", "important"], <5>
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"ignore_unavailable": false,
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"include_global_state": false
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},
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"retention": { <6>
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"expire_after": "30d", <7>
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"min_count": 5, <8>
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"max_count": 50 <9>
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}
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}
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--------------------------------------------------
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// TEST[setup:setup-repository]
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<1> When the snapshot should be taken, in this case, 1:30am daily
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<2> The name each snapshot should be given
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<3> Which repository to take the snapshot in
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<4> Any extra snapshot configuration
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<5> Which indices the snapshot should contain
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<6> Optional retention configuration
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<7> Keep snapshots for 30 days
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<8> Always keep at least 5 successful snapshots, even if they're more than 30 days old
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<9> Keep no more than 50 successful snapshots, even if they're less than 30 days old
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[[slm-api-get]]
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=== Get Snapshot Lifecycle Policy API
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Once a policy is in place, you can retrieve one or more of the policies using
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the get snapshot lifecycle policy API. This also includes information about the
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latest successful and failed invocation that the automatic snapshots have taken.
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==== Path Parameters
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`policy_ids` (optional)::
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(string) Comma-separated ids of policies to retrieve.
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==== Examples
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To retrieve a policy, perform a `GET` with the policy's id
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[source,console]
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--------------------------------------------------
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GET /_slm/policy/daily-snapshots?human
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--------------------------------------------------
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// TEST[continued]
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The output looks similar to the following:
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[source,console-result]
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--------------------------------------------------
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{
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"daily-snapshots" : {
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"version": 1, <1>
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"modified_date": "2019-04-23T01:30:00.000Z", <2>
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"modified_date_millis": 1556048137314,
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"policy" : {
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"schedule": "0 30 1 * * ?",
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"name": "<daily-snap-{now/d}>",
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"repository": "my_repository",
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"config": {
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"indices": ["data-*", "important"],
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"ignore_unavailable": false,
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"include_global_state": false
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},
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"retention": {
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"expire_after": "30d",
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"min_count": 5,
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"max_count": 50
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}
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},
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"stats": {
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"policy": "daily-snapshots",
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"snapshots_taken": 0,
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"snapshots_failed": 0,
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"snapshots_deleted": 0,
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"snapshot_deletion_failures": 0
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},
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"next_execution": "2019-04-24T01:30:00.000Z", <3>
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"next_execution_millis": 1556048160000
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}
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}
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--------------------------------------------------
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// TESTRESPONSE[s/"modified_date": "2019-04-23T01:30:00.000Z"/"modified_date": $body.daily-snapshots.modified_date/ s/"modified_date_millis": 1556048137314/"modified_date_millis": $body.daily-snapshots.modified_date_millis/ s/"next_execution": "2019-04-24T01:30:00.000Z"/"next_execution": $body.daily-snapshots.next_execution/ s/"next_execution_millis": 1556048160000/"next_execution_millis": $body.daily-snapshots.next_execution_millis/]
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<1> The version of the snapshot policy, only the latest verison is stored and incremented when the policy is updated
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<2> The last time this policy was modified
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<3> The next time this policy will be executed
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Or, to retrieve all policies:
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[source,console]
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--------------------------------------------------
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GET /_slm/policy
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--------------------------------------------------
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// TEST[continued]
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[[slm-api-execute]]
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=== Execute Snapshot Lifecycle Policy API
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Sometimes it can be useful to immediately execute a snapshot based on policy,
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perhaps before an upgrade or before performing other maintenance on indices. The
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execute snapshot policy API allows you to perform a snapshot immediately without
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waiting for a policy's scheduled invocation.
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==== Path Parameters
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`policy_id` (required)::
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(string) Id of the policy to execute
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==== Example
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To take an immediate snapshot using a policy, use the following
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[source,console]
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--------------------------------------------------
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POST /_slm/policy/daily-snapshots/_execute
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--------------------------------------------------
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// TEST[skip:we can't easily handle snapshots from docs tests]
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This API will immediately return with the generated snapshot name
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[source,console-result]
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--------------------------------------------------
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{
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"snapshot_name": "daily-snap-2019.04.24-gwrqoo2xtea3q57vvg0uea"
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}
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--------------------------------------------------
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// TESTRESPONSE[skip:we can't handle snapshots from docs tests]
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The snapshot will be taken in the background, you can use the
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<<modules-snapshots,snapshot APIs>> to monitor the status of the snapshot.
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Once a snapshot has been kicked off, you can see the latest successful or failed
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snapshot using the get snapshot lifecycle policy API:
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[source,console]
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--------------------------------------------------
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GET /_slm/policy/daily-snapshots?human
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--------------------------------------------------
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// TEST[skip:we already tested get policy above, the last_failure may not be present though]
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Which, in this case shows an error because the index did not exist:
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[source,console-result]
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--------------------------------------------------
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{
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"daily-snapshots" : {
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"version": 1,
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"modified_date": "2019-04-23T01:30:00.000Z",
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"modified_date_millis": 1556048137314,
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"policy" : {
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"schedule": "0 30 1 * * ?",
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"name": "<daily-snap-{now/d}>",
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"repository": "my_repository",
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"config": {
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"indices": ["data-*", "important"],
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"ignore_unavailable": false,
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"include_global_state": false
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},
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"retention": {
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"expire_after": "30d",
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"min_count": 5,
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"max_count": 50
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}
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},
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"stats": {
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"policy": "daily-snapshots",
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"snapshots_taken": 0,
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"snapshots_failed": 1,
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"snapshots_deleted": 0,
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"snapshot_deletion_failures": 0
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}
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"last_failure": { <1>
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"snapshot_name": "daily-snap-2019.04.02-lohisb5ith2n8hxacaq3mw",
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"time_string": "2019-04-02T01:30:00.000Z",
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"time": 1556042030000,
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"details": "{\"type\":\"index_not_found_exception\",\"reason\":\"no such index [important]\",\"resource.type\":\"index_or_alias\",\"resource.id\":\"important\",\"index_uuid\":\"_na_\",\"index\":\"important\",\"stack_trace\":\"[important] IndexNotFoundException[no such index [important]]\\n\\tat org.elasticsearch.cluster.metadata.IndexNameExpressionResolver$WildcardExpressionResolver.indexNotFoundException(IndexNameExpressionResolver.java:762)\\n\\tat org.elasticsearch.cluster.metadata.IndexNameExpressionResolver$WildcardExpressionResolver.innerResolve(IndexNameExpressionResolver.java:714)\\n\\tat org.elasticsearch.cluster.metadata.IndexNameExpressionResolver$WildcardExpressionResolver.resolve(IndexNameExpressionResolver.java:670)\\n\\tat org.elasticsearch.cluster.metadata.IndexNameExpressionResolver.concreteIndices(IndexNameExpressionResolver.java:163)\\n\\tat org.elasticsearch.cluster.metadata.IndexNameExpressionResolver.concreteIndexNames(IndexNameExpressionResolver.java:142)\\n\\tat org.elasticsearch.cluster.metadata.IndexNameExpressionResolver.concreteIndexNames(IndexNameExpressionResolver.java:102)\\n\\tat org.elasticsearch.snapshots.SnapshotsService$1.execute(SnapshotsService.java:280)\\n\\tat org.elasticsearch.cluster.ClusterStateUpdateTask.execute(ClusterStateUpdateTask.java:47)\\n\\tat org.elasticsearch.cluster.service.MasterService.executeTasks(MasterService.java:687)\\n\\tat org.elasticsearch.cluster.service.MasterService.calculateTaskOutputs(MasterService.java:310)\\n\\tat org.elasticsearch.cluster.service.MasterService.runTasks(MasterService.java:210)\\n\\tat org.elasticsearch.cluster.service.MasterService$Batcher.run(MasterService.java:142)\\n\\tat org.elasticsearch.cluster.service.TaskBatcher.runIfNotProcessed(TaskBatcher.java:150)\\n\\tat org.elasticsearch.cluster.service.TaskBatcher$BatchedTask.run(TaskBatcher.java:188)\\n\\tat org.elasticsearch.common.util.concurrent.ThreadContext$ContextPreservingRunnable.run(ThreadContext.java:688)\\n\\tat org.elasticsearch.common.util.concurrent.PrioritizedEsThreadPoolExecutor$TieBreakingPrioritizedRunnable.runAndClean(PrioritizedEsThreadPoolExecutor.java:252)\\n\\tat org.elasticsearch.common.util.concurrent.PrioritizedEsThreadPoolExecutor$TieBreakingPrioritizedRunnable.run(PrioritizedEsThreadPoolExecutor.java:215)\\n\\tat java.base/java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1128)\\n\\tat java.base/java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:628)\\n\\tat java.base/java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:834)\\n\"}"
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} ,
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"next_execution": "2019-04-24T01:30:00.000Z",
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"next_execution_millis": 1556048160000
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}
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}
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--------------------------------------------------
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// TESTRESPONSE[skip:the presence of last_failure is asynchronous and will be present for users, but is untestable]
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<1> The last unsuccessfully initiated snapshot by this policy, along with the details of its failure
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In this case, it failed due to the "important" index not existing and
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`ignore_unavailable` setting being set to `false`.
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Updating the policy to change the `ignore_unavailable` setting is done using the
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same put snapshot lifecycle policy API:
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[source,console]
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--------------------------------------------------
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PUT /_slm/policy/daily-snapshots
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{
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"schedule": "0 30 1 * * ?",
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"name": "<daily-snap-{now/d}>",
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"repository": "my_repository",
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"config": {
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"indices": ["data-*", "important"],
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"ignore_unavailable": true,
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"include_global_state": false
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},
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"retention": {
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"expire_after": "30d",
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"min_count": 5,
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"max_count": 50
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}
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}
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--------------------------------------------------
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// TEST[continued]
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Another snapshot can immediately be executed to ensure the new policy works:
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[source,console]
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--------------------------------------------------
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POST /_slm/policy/daily-snapshots/_execute
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--------------------------------------------------
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// TEST[skip:we can't handle snapshots in docs tests]
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[source,console-result]
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--------------------------------------------------
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{
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"snapshot_name": "daily-snap-2019.04.24-tmtnyjtrsxkhbrrdcgg18a"
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}
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--------------------------------------------------
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// TESTRESPONSE[skip:we can't handle snapshots in docs tests]
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Now retriving the policy shows that the policy has successfully been executed:
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[source,console]
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--------------------------------------------------
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GET /_slm/policy/daily-snapshots?human
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--------------------------------------------------
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// TEST[skip:we already tested this above and the output may not be available yet]
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Which now includes the successful snapshot information:
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[source,console-result]
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--------------------------------------------------
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{
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"daily-snapshots" : {
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"version": 2, <1>
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"modified_date": "2019-04-23T01:30:00.000Z",
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"modified_date_millis": 1556048137314,
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"policy" : {
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"schedule": "0 30 1 * * ?",
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"name": "<daily-snap-{now/d}>",
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"repository": "my_repository",
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"config": {
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"indices": ["data-*", "important"],
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"ignore_unavailable": true,
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"include_global_state": false
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},
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"retention": {
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"expire_after": "30d",
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"min_count": 5,
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"max_count": 50
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}
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},
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"stats": {
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"policy": "daily-snapshots",
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"snapshots_taken": 1,
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"snapshots_failed": 1,
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"snapshots_deleted": 0,
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"snapshot_deletion_failures": 0
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},
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"last_success": { <2>
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"snapshot_name": "daily-snap-2019.04.24-tmtnyjtrsxkhbrrdcgg18a",
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"time_string": "2019-04-24T16:43:49.316Z",
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"time": 1556124229316
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} ,
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"last_failure": {
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"snapshot_name": "daily-snap-2019.04.02-lohisb5ith2n8hxacaq3mw",
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"time_string": "2019-04-02T01:30:00.000Z",
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"time": 1556042030000,
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"details": "{\"type\":\"index_not_found_exception\",\"reason\":\"no such index [important]\",\"resource.type\":\"index_or_alias\",\"resource.id\":\"important\",\"index_uuid\":\"_na_\",\"index\":\"important\",\"stack_trace\":\"[important] IndexNotFoundException[no such index [important]]\\n\\tat org.elasticsearch.cluster.metadata.IndexNameExpressionResolver$WildcardExpressionResolver.indexNotFoundException(IndexNameExpressionResolver.java:762)\\n\\tat org.elasticsearch.cluster.metadata.IndexNameExpressionResolver$WildcardExpressionResolver.innerResolve(IndexNameExpressionResolver.java:714)\\n\\tat org.elasticsearch.cluster.metadata.IndexNameExpressionResolver$WildcardExpressionResolver.resolve(IndexNameExpressionResolver.java:670)\\n\\tat org.elasticsearch.cluster.metadata.IndexNameExpressionResolver.concreteIndices(IndexNameExpressionResolver.java:163)\\n\\tat org.elasticsearch.cluster.metadata.IndexNameExpressionResolver.concreteIndexNames(IndexNameExpressionResolver.java:142)\\n\\tat org.elasticsearch.cluster.metadata.IndexNameExpressionResolver.concreteIndexNames(IndexNameExpressionResolver.java:102)\\n\\tat org.elasticsearch.snapshots.SnapshotsService$1.execute(SnapshotsService.java:280)\\n\\tat org.elasticsearch.cluster.ClusterStateUpdateTask.execute(ClusterStateUpdateTask.java:47)\\n\\tat org.elasticsearch.cluster.service.MasterService.executeTasks(MasterService.java:687)\\n\\tat org.elasticsearch.cluster.service.MasterService.calculateTaskOutputs(MasterService.java:310)\\n\\tat org.elasticsearch.cluster.service.MasterService.runTasks(MasterService.java:210)\\n\\tat org.elasticsearch.cluster.service.MasterService$Batcher.run(MasterService.java:142)\\n\\tat org.elasticsearch.cluster.service.TaskBatcher.runIfNotProcessed(TaskBatcher.java:150)\\n\\tat org.elasticsearch.cluster.service.TaskBatcher$BatchedTask.run(TaskBatcher.java:188)\\n\\tat org.elasticsearch.common.util.concurrent.ThreadContext$ContextPreservingRunnable.run(ThreadContext.java:688)\\n\\tat org.elasticsearch.common.util.concurrent.PrioritizedEsThreadPoolExecutor$TieBreakingPrioritizedRunnable.runAndClean(PrioritizedEsThreadPoolExecutor.java:252)\\n\\tat org.elasticsearch.common.util.concurrent.PrioritizedEsThreadPoolExecutor$TieBreakingPrioritizedRunnable.run(PrioritizedEsThreadPoolExecutor.java:215)\\n\\tat java.base/java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1128)\\n\\tat java.base/java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:628)\\n\\tat java.base/java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:834)\\n\"}"
|
|
} ,
|
|
"next_execution": "2019-04-24T01:30:00.000Z",
|
|
"next_execution_millis": 1556048160000
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
--------------------------------------------------
|
|
// TESTRESPONSE[skip:the presence of last_failure and last_success is asynchronous and will be present for users, but is untestable]
|
|
|
|
<1> The policy's version has been incremented because it was updated
|
|
<2> The last successfully initiated snapshot information
|
|
|
|
It is a good idea to test policies using the execute API to ensure they work.
|
|
|
|
[[slm-get-stats]]
|
|
=== Get Snapshot Lifecycle Stats API
|
|
|
|
SLM stores statistics on a global and per-policy level about actions taken. These stats can be
|
|
retrieved by using the following API:
|
|
|
|
==== Example
|
|
|
|
[source,console]
|
|
--------------------------------------------------
|
|
GET /_slm/stats
|
|
--------------------------------------------------
|
|
// TEST[continued]
|
|
|
|
Which returns a response similar to:
|
|
|
|
[source,js]
|
|
--------------------------------------------------
|
|
{
|
|
"retention_runs": 13,
|
|
"retention_failed": 0,
|
|
"retention_timed_out": 0,
|
|
"retention_deletion_time": "1.4s",
|
|
"retention_deletion_time_millis": 1404,
|
|
"policy_stats": [ ],
|
|
"total_snapshots_taken": 1,
|
|
"total_snapshots_failed": 1,
|
|
"total_snapshots_deleted": 0,
|
|
"total_snapshot_deletion_failures": 0
|
|
}
|
|
--------------------------------------------------
|
|
// TESTRESPONSE[s/runs": 13/runs": $body.retention_runs/ s/_failed": 0/_failed": $body.retention_failed/ s/_timed_out": 0/_timed_out": $body.retention_timed_out/ s/"1.4s"/$body.retention_deletion_time/ s/1404/$body.retention_deletion_time_millis/ s/total_snapshots_taken": 1/total_snapshots_taken": $body.total_snapshots_taken/ s/total_snapshots_failed": 1/total_snapshots_failed": $body.total_snapshots_failed/ s/"policy_stats": [.*]/"policy_stats": $body.policy_stats/]
|
|
|
|
[[slm-api-delete]]
|
|
=== Delete Snapshot Lifecycle Policy API
|
|
|
|
A policy can be deleted by issuing a delete request with the policy id. Note
|
|
that this prevents any future snapshots from being taken, but does not cancel
|
|
any currently ongoing snapshots or remove any previously taken snapshots.
|
|
|
|
==== Path Parameters
|
|
|
|
`policy_id` (optional)::
|
|
(string) Id of the policy to remove.
|
|
|
|
==== Example
|
|
|
|
[source,console]
|
|
--------------------------------------------------
|
|
DELETE /_slm/policy/daily-snapshots
|
|
--------------------------------------------------
|
|
// TEST[continued]
|
|
|
|
[[slm-api-execute-retention]]
|
|
=== Execute Snapshot Lifecycle Retention API
|
|
|
|
While Snapshot Lifecycle Management retention is usually invoked through the global cluster settings
|
|
for its schedule, it can sometimes be useful to invoke a retention run to expunge expired snapshots
|
|
immediately. This API allows you to run a one-off retention run.
|
|
|
|
==== Example
|
|
|
|
To immediately start snapshot retention, use the following
|
|
|
|
[source,console]
|
|
--------------------------------------------------
|
|
POST /_slm/_execute_retention
|
|
--------------------------------------------------
|
|
|
|
This API will immediately return, as retention will be run asynchronously in the background:
|
|
|
|
[source,console-result]
|
|
--------------------------------------------------
|
|
{
|
|
"acknowledged": true
|
|
}
|
|
--------------------------------------------------
|
|
|