OpenSearch/docs/reference/mapping/params/properties.asciidoc

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[[properties]]
=== `properties`
Type mappings, <<object,`object` fields>> and <<nested,`nested` fields>>
contain sub-fields, called `properties`. These properties may be of any
<<mapping-types,data type>>, including `object` and `nested`. Properties can
be added:
* explicitly by defining them when <<indices-create-index,creating an index>>.
* explicitly by defining them when adding or updating a mapping type with the <<indices-put-mapping,PUT mapping>> API.
* <<dynamic-mapping,dynamically>> just by indexing documents containing new fields.
Below is an example of adding `properties` to a mapping type, an `object`
field, and a `nested` field:
[source,console]
--------------------------------------------------
PUT my_index
{
"mappings": {
"properties": { <1>
"manager": {
"properties": { <2>
"age": { "type": "integer" },
"name": { "type": "text" }
}
},
"employees": {
"type": "nested",
"properties": { <3>
"age": { "type": "integer" },
"name": { "type": "text" }
}
}
}
}
}
PUT my_index/_doc/1 <4>
{
"region": "US",
"manager": {
"name": "Alice White",
"age": 30
},
"employees": [
{
"name": "John Smith",
"age": 34
},
{
"name": "Peter Brown",
"age": 26
}
]
}
--------------------------------------------------
<1> Properties in the top-level mappings definition.
<2> Properties under the `manager` object field.
<3> Properties under the `employees` nested field.
<4> An example document which corresponds to the above mapping.
TIP: The `properties` setting is allowed to have different settings for fields
of the same name in the same index. New properties can be added to existing
fields using the <<indices-put-mapping,PUT mapping API>>.
==== Dot notation
Inner fields can be referred to in queries, aggregations, etc., using _dot
notation_:
[source,console]
--------------------------------------------------
GET my_index/_search
{
"query": {
"match": {
"manager.name": "Alice White"
}
},
"aggs": {
"Employees": {
"nested": {
"path": "employees"
},
"aggs": {
"Employee Ages": {
"histogram": {
"field": "employees.age",
"interval": 5
}
}
}
}
}
}
--------------------------------------------------
// TEST[continued]
IMPORTANT: The full path to the inner field must be specified.