719 lines
20 KiB
Plaintext
719 lines
20 KiB
Plaintext
[role="xpack"]
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[testenv="basic"]
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[[sql-functions-aggs]]
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=== Aggregate Functions
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Functions for computing a _single_ result from a set of input values.
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{es-sql} supports aggregate functions only alongside <<sql-syntax-group-by,grouping>> (implicit or explicit).
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[[sql-functions-aggs-general]]
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[discrete]
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=== General Purpose
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[[sql-functions-aggs-avg]]
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==== `AVG`
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.Synopsis:
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[source, sql]
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--------------------------------------------------
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AVG(numeric_field) <1>
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--------------------------------------------------
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*Input*:
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<1> numeric field
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*Output*: `double` numeric value
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*Description*: Returns the {wikipedia}/Arithmetic_mean[Average] (arithmetic mean) of input values.
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["source","sql",subs="attributes,macros"]
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--------------------------------------------------
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include-tagged::{sql-specs}/docs/docs.csv-spec[aggAvg]
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--------------------------------------------------
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["source","sql",subs="attributes,macros"]
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--------------------------------------------------
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include-tagged::{sql-specs}/docs/docs.csv-spec[aggAvgScalars]
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--------------------------------------------------
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[[sql-functions-aggs-count]]
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==== `COUNT`
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.Synopsis:
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[source, sql]
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--------------------------------------------------
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COUNT(expression) <1>
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--------------------------------------------------
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*Input*:
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<1> a field name, wildcard (`*`) or any numeric value
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*Output*: numeric value
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*Description*: Returns the total number (count) of input values.
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In case of `COUNT(*)` or `COUNT(<literal>)`, _all_ values are considered (including `null` or missing ones).
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In case of `COUNT(<field_name>)` `null` values are not considered.
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["source","sql",subs="attributes,macros"]
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--------------------------------------------------
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include-tagged::{sql-specs}/docs/docs.csv-spec[aggCountStar]
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--------------------------------------------------
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[[sql-functions-aggs-count-all]]
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==== `COUNT(ALL)`
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.Synopsis:
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[source, sql]
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--------------------------------------------------
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COUNT(ALL field_name) <1>
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--------------------------------------------------
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*Input*:
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<1> a field name
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*Output*: numeric value
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*Description*: Returns the total number (count) of all _non-null_ input values. `COUNT(<field_name>)` and `COUNT(ALL <field_name>)` are equivalent.
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["source","sql",subs="attributes,macros"]
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--------------------------------------------------
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include-tagged::{sql-specs}/docs/docs.csv-spec[aggCountAll]
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--------------------------------------------------
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["source","sql",subs="attributes,macros"]
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--------------------------------------------------
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include-tagged::{sql-specs}/docs/docs.csv-spec[aggCountAllScalars]
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--------------------------------------------------
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[[sql-functions-aggs-count-distinct]]
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==== `COUNT(DISTINCT)`
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.Synopsis:
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[source, sql]
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--------------------------------------------------
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COUNT(DISTINCT field_name) <1>
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--------------------------------------------------
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*Input*:
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<1> a field name
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*Output*: numeric value
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*Description*: Returns the total number of _distinct non-null_ values in input values.
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["source","sql",subs="attributes,macros"]
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--------------------------------------------------
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include-tagged::{sql-specs}/docs/docs.csv-spec[aggCountDistinct]
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--------------------------------------------------
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["source","sql",subs="attributes,macros"]
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--------------------------------------------------
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include-tagged::{sql-specs}/docs/docs.csv-spec[aggCountDistinctScalars]
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--------------------------------------------------
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[[sql-functions-aggs-first]]
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==== `FIRST/FIRST_VALUE`
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.Synopsis:
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[source, sql]
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----------------------------------------------
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FIRST(
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field_name <1>
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[, ordering_field_name]) <2>
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----------------------------------------------
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*Input*:
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<1> target field for the aggregation
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<2> optional field used for ordering
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*Output*: same type as the input
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*Description*: Returns the first **non-NULL** value (if such exists) of the `field_name` input column sorted by
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the `ordering_field_name` column. If `ordering_field_name` is not provided, only the `field_name`
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column is used for the sorting. E.g.:
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[cols="<,<"]
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|===
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s| a | b
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| 100 | 1
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| 200 | 1
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| 1 | 2
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| 2 | 2
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| 10 | null
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| 20 | null
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| null | null
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|===
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[source, sql]
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----------------------
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SELECT FIRST(a) FROM t
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----------------------
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will result in:
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[cols="<"]
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|===
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s| FIRST(a)
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| 1
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|===
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and
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[source, sql]
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-------------------------
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SELECT FIRST(a, b) FROM t
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-------------------------
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will result in:
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[cols="<"]
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|===
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s| FIRST(a, b)
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| 100
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|===
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["source","sql",subs="attributes,macros"]
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-----------------------------------------------------------
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include-tagged::{sql-specs}/docs/docs.csv-spec[firstWithOneArg]
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-----------------------------------------------------------
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["source","sql",subs="attributes,macros"]
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--------------------------------------------------------------------
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include-tagged::{sql-specs}/docs/docs.csv-spec[firstWithOneArgAndGroupBy]
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--------------------------------------------------------------------
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["source","sql",subs="attributes,macros"]
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-----------------------------------------------------------
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include-tagged::{sql-specs}/docs/docs.csv-spec[firstWithTwoArgs]
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-----------------------------------------------------------
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["source","sql",subs="attributes,macros"]
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---------------------------------------------------------------------
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include-tagged::{sql-specs}/docs/docs.csv-spec[firstWithTwoArgsAndGroupBy]
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---------------------------------------------------------------------
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`FIRST_VALUE` is a name alias and can be used instead of `FIRST`, e.g.:
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["source","sql",subs="attributes,macros"]
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------
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include-tagged::{sql-specs}/docs/docs.csv-spec[firstValueWithTwoArgsAndGroupBy]
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------
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["source","sql",subs="attributes,macros"]
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------
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include-tagged::{sql-specs}/docs/docs.csv-spec[firstValueWithTwoArgsAndGroupByScalars]
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------
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[NOTE]
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`FIRST` cannot be used in a HAVING clause.
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[NOTE]
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`FIRST` cannot be used with columns of type <<text, `text`>> unless
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the field is also <<before-enabling-fielddata,saved as a keyword>>.
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[[sql-functions-aggs-last]]
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==== `LAST/LAST_VALUE`
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.Synopsis:
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[source, sql]
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--------------------------------------------------
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LAST(
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field_name <1>
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[, ordering_field_name]) <2>
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--------------------------------------------------
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*Input*:
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<1> target field for the aggregation
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<2> optional field used for ordering
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*Output*: same type as the input
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*Description*: It's the inverse of <<sql-functions-aggs-first>>. Returns the last **non-NULL** value (if such exists) of the
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`field_name` input column sorted descending by the `ordering_field_name` column. If `ordering_field_name` is not
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provided, only the `field_name` column is used for the sorting. E.g.:
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[cols="<,<"]
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|===
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s| a | b
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| 10 | 1
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| 20 | 1
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| 1 | 2
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| 2 | 2
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| 100 | null
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| 200 | null
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| null | null
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|===
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[source, sql]
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------------------------
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SELECT LAST(a) FROM t
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------------------------
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will result in:
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[cols="<"]
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|===
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s| LAST(a)
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| 200
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|===
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and
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[source, sql]
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------------------------
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SELECT LAST(a, b) FROM t
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------------------------
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will result in:
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[cols="<"]
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|===
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s| LAST(a, b)
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| 2
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|===
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["source","sql",subs="attributes,macros"]
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-----------------------------------------------------------
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include-tagged::{sql-specs}/docs/docs.csv-spec[lastWithOneArg]
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-----------------------------------------------------------
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["source","sql",subs="attributes,macros"]
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-------------------------------------------------------------------
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include-tagged::{sql-specs}/docs/docs.csv-spec[lastWithOneArgAndGroupBy]
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-------------------------------------------------------------------
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["source","sql",subs="attributes,macros"]
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-----------------------------------------------------------
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include-tagged::{sql-specs}/docs/docs.csv-spec[lastWithTwoArgs]
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-----------------------------------------------------------
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["source","sql",subs="attributes,macros"]
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--------------------------------------------------------------------
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include-tagged::{sql-specs}/docs/docs.csv-spec[lastWithTwoArgsAndGroupBy]
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--------------------------------------------------------------------
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`LAST_VALUE` is a name alias and can be used instead of `LAST`, e.g.:
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["source","sql",subs="attributes,macros"]
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-------------------------------------------------------------------------
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include-tagged::{sql-specs}/docs/docs.csv-spec[lastValueWithTwoArgsAndGroupBy]
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-------------------------------------------------------------------------
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["source","sql",subs="attributes,macros"]
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-------------------------------------------------------------------------
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include-tagged::{sql-specs}/docs/docs.csv-spec[lastValueWithTwoArgsAndGroupByScalars]
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-------------------------------------------------------------------------
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[NOTE]
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`LAST` cannot be used in `HAVING` clause.
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[NOTE]
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`LAST` cannot be used with columns of type <<text, `text`>> unless
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the field is also <<before-enabling-fielddata,`saved as a keyword`>>.
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[[sql-functions-aggs-max]]
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==== `MAX`
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.Synopsis:
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[source, sql]
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--------------------------------------------------
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MAX(field_name) <1>
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--------------------------------------------------
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*Input*:
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<1> a numeric field
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*Output*: same type as the input
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*Description*: Returns the maximum value across input values in the field `field_name`.
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["source","sql",subs="attributes,macros"]
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--------------------------------------------------
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include-tagged::{sql-specs}/docs/docs.csv-spec[aggMax]
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--------------------------------------------------
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["source","sql",subs="attributes,macros"]
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--------------------------------------------------
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include-tagged::{sql-specs}/docs/docs.csv-spec[aggMaxScalars]
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--------------------------------------------------
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[NOTE]
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`MAX` on a field of type <<text, `text`>> or <<keyword, `keyword`>> is translated into
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<<sql-functions-aggs-last>> and therefore, it cannot be used in `HAVING` clause.
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[[sql-functions-aggs-min]]
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==== `MIN`
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.Synopsis:
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[source, sql]
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--------------------------------------------------
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MIN(field_name) <1>
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--------------------------------------------------
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*Input*:
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<1> a numeric field
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*Output*: same type as the input
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*Description*: Returns the minimum value across input values in the field `field_name`.
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["source","sql",subs="attributes,macros"]
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--------------------------------------------------
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include-tagged::{sql-specs}/docs/docs.csv-spec[aggMin]
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--------------------------------------------------
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[NOTE]
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`MIN` on a field of type <<text, `text`>> or <<keyword, `keyword`>> is translated into
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<<sql-functions-aggs-first>> and therefore, it cannot be used in `HAVING` clause.
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[[sql-functions-aggs-sum]]
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==== `SUM`
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.Synopsis:
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[source, sql]
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--------------------------------------------------
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SUM(field_name) <1>
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--------------------------------------------------
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*Input*:
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<1> a numeric field
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*Output*: `bigint` for integer input, `double` for floating points
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*Description*: Returns the sum of input values in the field `field_name`.
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["source","sql",subs="attributes,macros"]
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--------------------------------------------------
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include-tagged::{sql-specs}/docs/docs.csv-spec[aggSum]
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--------------------------------------------------
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["source","sql",subs="attributes,macros"]
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--------------------------------------------------
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include-tagged::{sql-specs}/docs/docs.csv-spec[aggSumScalars]
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--------------------------------------------------
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[[sql-functions-aggs-statistics]]
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[discrete]
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=== Statistics
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[[sql-functions-aggs-kurtosis]]
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==== `KURTOSIS`
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.Synopsis:
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[source, sql]
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--------------------------------------------------
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KURTOSIS(field_name) <1>
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--------------------------------------------------
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*Input*:
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<1> a numeric field
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*Output*: `double` numeric value
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*Description*:
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{wikipedia}/Kurtosis[Quantify] the shape of the distribution of input values in the field `field_name`.
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["source","sql",subs="attributes,macros"]
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--------------------------------------------------
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include-tagged::{sql-specs}/docs/docs.csv-spec[aggKurtosis]
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--------------------------------------------------
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[NOTE]
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====
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`KURTOSIS` cannot be used on top of scalar functions or operators but only directly on a field. So, for example,
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the following is not allowed and an error is returned:
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[source, sql]
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---------------------------------------
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SELECT KURTOSIS(salary / 12.0), gender FROM emp GROUP BY gender
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---------------------------------------
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====
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[[sql-functions-aggs-mad]]
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==== `MAD`
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.Synopsis:
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[source, sql]
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--------------------------------------------------
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MAD(field_name) <1>
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--------------------------------------------------
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*Input*:
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<1> a numeric field
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*Output*: `double` numeric value
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*Description*:
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{wikipedia}/Median_absolute_deviation[Measure] the variability of the input values in the field `field_name`.
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["source","sql",subs="attributes,macros"]
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--------------------------------------------------
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include-tagged::{sql-specs}/docs/docs.csv-spec[aggMad]
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--------------------------------------------------
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["source","sql",subs="attributes,macros"]
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--------------------------------------------------
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include-tagged::{sql-specs}/docs/docs.csv-spec[aggMadScalars]
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--------------------------------------------------
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[[sql-functions-aggs-percentile]]
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==== `PERCENTILE`
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.Synopsis:
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[source, sql]
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--------------------------------------------------
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PERCENTILE(
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field_name, <1>
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numeric_exp) <2>
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--------------------------------------------------
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*Input*:
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<1> a numeric field
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<2> a numeric expression (must be a constant and not based on a field)
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*Output*: `double` numeric value
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*Description*:
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Returns the nth {wikipedia}/Percentile[percentile] (represented by `numeric_exp` parameter)
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of input values in the field `field_name`.
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["source","sql",subs="attributes,macros"]
|
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--------------------------------------------------
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include-tagged::{sql-specs}/docs/docs.csv-spec[aggPercentile]
|
|
--------------------------------------------------
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|
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|
["source","sql",subs="attributes,macros"]
|
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--------------------------------------------------
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include-tagged::{sql-specs}/docs/docs.csv-spec[aggPercentileScalars]
|
|
--------------------------------------------------
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[[sql-functions-aggs-percentile-rank]]
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==== `PERCENTILE_RANK`
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.Synopsis:
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[source, sql]
|
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--------------------------------------------------
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PERCENTILE_RANK(
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field_name, <1>
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numeric_exp) <2>
|
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--------------------------------------------------
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*Input*:
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<1> a numeric field
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<2> a numeric expression (must be a constant and not based on a field)
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*Output*: `double` numeric value
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*Description*:
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Returns the nth {wikipedia}/Percentile_rank[percentile rank] (represented by `numeric_exp` parameter)
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of input values in the field `field_name`.
|
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|
|
["source","sql",subs="attributes,macros"]
|
|
--------------------------------------------------
|
|
include-tagged::{sql-specs}/docs/docs.csv-spec[aggPercentileRank]
|
|
--------------------------------------------------
|
|
|
|
["source","sql",subs="attributes,macros"]
|
|
--------------------------------------------------
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|
include-tagged::{sql-specs}/docs/docs.csv-spec[aggPercentileRankScalars]
|
|
--------------------------------------------------
|
|
|
|
[[sql-functions-aggs-skewness]]
|
|
==== `SKEWNESS`
|
|
|
|
.Synopsis:
|
|
[source, sql]
|
|
--------------------------------------------------
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|
SKEWNESS(field_name) <1>
|
|
--------------------------------------------------
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|
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*Input*:
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<1> a numeric field
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*Output*: `double` numeric value
|
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|
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*Description*:
|
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|
{wikipedia}/Skewness[Quantify] the asymmetric distribution of input values in the field `field_name`.
|
|
|
|
["source","sql",subs="attributes,macros"]
|
|
--------------------------------------------------
|
|
include-tagged::{sql-specs}/docs/docs.csv-spec[aggSkewness]
|
|
--------------------------------------------------
|
|
|
|
[NOTE]
|
|
====
|
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`SKEWNESS` cannot be used on top of scalar functions but only directly on a field. So, for example, the following is
|
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not allowed and an error is returned:
|
|
[source, sql]
|
|
---------------------------------------
|
|
SELECT SKEWNESS(ROUND(salary / 12.0, 2), gender FROM emp GROUP BY gender
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---------------------------------------
|
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====
|
|
|
|
[[sql-functions-aggs-stddev-pop]]
|
|
==== `STDDEV_POP`
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|
|
|
.Synopsis:
|
|
[source, sql]
|
|
--------------------------------------------------
|
|
STDDEV_POP(field_name) <1>
|
|
--------------------------------------------------
|
|
|
|
*Input*:
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|
|
<1> a numeric field
|
|
|
|
*Output*: `double` numeric value
|
|
|
|
*Description*:
|
|
|
|
Returns the {wikipedia}/Standard_deviations[population standard deviation] of input values in the field `field_name`.
|
|
|
|
["source","sql",subs="attributes,macros"]
|
|
--------------------------------------------------
|
|
include-tagged::{sql-specs}/docs/docs.csv-spec[aggStddevPop]
|
|
--------------------------------------------------
|
|
|
|
["source","sql",subs="attributes,macros"]
|
|
--------------------------------------------------
|
|
include-tagged::{sql-specs}/docs/docs.csv-spec[aggStddevPopScalars]
|
|
--------------------------------------------------
|
|
|
|
[[sql-functions-aggs-stddev-samp]]
|
|
==== `STDDEV_SAMP`
|
|
|
|
.Synopsis:
|
|
[source, sql]
|
|
--------------------------------------------------
|
|
STDDEV_SAMP(field_name) <1>
|
|
--------------------------------------------------
|
|
|
|
*Input*:
|
|
|
|
<1> a numeric field
|
|
|
|
*Output*: `double` numeric value
|
|
|
|
*Description*:
|
|
|
|
Returns the {wikipedia}/Standard_deviations[sample standard deviation] of input values in the field `field_name`.
|
|
|
|
["source","sql",subs="attributes,macros"]
|
|
--------------------------------------------------
|
|
include-tagged::{sql-specs}/docs/docs.csv-spec[aggStddevSamp]
|
|
--------------------------------------------------
|
|
|
|
["source","sql",subs="attributes,macros"]
|
|
--------------------------------------------------
|
|
include-tagged::{sql-specs}/docs/docs.csv-spec[aggStddevSampScalars]
|
|
--------------------------------------------------
|
|
|
|
[[sql-functions-aggs-sum-squares]]
|
|
==== `SUM_OF_SQUARES`
|
|
|
|
.Synopsis:
|
|
[source, sql]
|
|
--------------------------------------------------
|
|
SUM_OF_SQUARES(field_name) <1>
|
|
--------------------------------------------------
|
|
|
|
*Input*:
|
|
|
|
<1> a numeric field
|
|
|
|
*Output*: `double` numeric value
|
|
|
|
*Description*:
|
|
|
|
Returns the sum of squares of input values in the field `field_name`.
|
|
|
|
["source","sql",subs="attributes,macros"]
|
|
--------------------------------------------------
|
|
include-tagged::{sql-specs}/docs/docs.csv-spec[aggSumOfSquares]
|
|
--------------------------------------------------
|
|
|
|
["source","sql",subs="attributes,macros"]
|
|
--------------------------------------------------
|
|
include-tagged::{sql-specs}/docs/docs.csv-spec[aggSumOfSquaresScalars]
|
|
--------------------------------------------------
|
|
|
|
[[sql-functions-aggs-var-pop]]
|
|
==== `VAR_POP`
|
|
|
|
.Synopsis:
|
|
[source, sql]
|
|
--------------------------------------------------
|
|
VAR_POP(field_name) <1>
|
|
--------------------------------------------------
|
|
|
|
*Input*:
|
|
|
|
<1> a numeric field
|
|
|
|
*Output*: `double` numeric value
|
|
|
|
*Description*:
|
|
|
|
Returns the {wikipedia}/Variance[population variance] of input values in the field `field_name`.
|
|
|
|
["source","sql",subs="attributes,macros"]
|
|
--------------------------------------------------
|
|
include-tagged::{sql-specs}/docs/docs.csv-spec[aggVarPop]
|
|
--------------------------------------------------
|
|
|
|
|
|
["source","sql",subs="attributes,macros"]
|
|
--------------------------------------------------
|
|
include-tagged::{sql-specs}/docs/docs.csv-spec[aggVarPopScalars]
|
|
--------------------------------------------------
|
|
|
|
[[sql-functions-aggs-var-samp]]
|
|
==== `VAR_SAMP`
|
|
|
|
.Synopsis:
|
|
[source, sql]
|
|
--------------------------------------------------
|
|
VAR_SAMP(field_name) <1>
|
|
--------------------------------------------------
|
|
|
|
*Input*:
|
|
|
|
<1> a numeric field
|
|
|
|
*Output*: `double` numeric value
|
|
|
|
*Description*:
|
|
|
|
Returns the {wikipedia}/Variance[sample variance] of input values in the field `field_name`.
|
|
|
|
["source","sql",subs="attributes,macros"]
|
|
--------------------------------------------------
|
|
include-tagged::{sql-specs}/docs/docs.csv-spec[aggVarSamp]
|
|
--------------------------------------------------
|
|
|
|
|
|
["source","sql",subs="attributes,macros"]
|
|
--------------------------------------------------
|
|
include-tagged::{sql-specs}/docs/docs.csv-spec[aggVarSampScalars]
|
|
--------------------------------------------------
|