260 lines
7.2 KiB
Plaintext
260 lines
7.2 KiB
Plaintext
[[search-field-caps]]
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=== Field Capabilities API
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Allows you to retrieve the capabilities of fields among multiple indices.
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For data streams, the API returns field capabilities among the stream's backing
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indices.
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[source,console]
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--------------------------------------------------
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GET /_field_caps?fields=rating
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--------------------------------------------------
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[[search-field-caps-api-request]]
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==== {api-request-title}
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`GET /_field_caps`
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`POST /_field_caps`
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`GET /<target>/_field_caps`
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`POST /<target>/_field_caps`
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[[search-field-caps-api-desc]]
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==== {api-description-title}
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The field capabilities API returns the information about the capabilities of
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fields among multiple indices.
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[[search-field-caps-api-path-params]]
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==== {api-path-parms-title}
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`<target>`::
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(Optional, string)
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Comma-separated list of data streams, indices, and index aliases used to limit
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the request. Wildcard expressions (`*`) are supported.
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+
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To target all data streams and indices in a cluster, omit this parameter or use
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`_all` or `*`.
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[[search-field-caps-api-query-params]]
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==== {api-query-parms-title}
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include::{es-repo-dir}/rest-api/common-parms.asciidoc[tag=allow-no-indices]
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+
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Defaults to `true`.
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include::{es-repo-dir}/rest-api/common-parms.asciidoc[tag=expand-wildcards]
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+
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--
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Defaults to `open`.
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--
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include::{es-repo-dir}/rest-api/common-parms.asciidoc[tag=fields]
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include::{es-repo-dir}/rest-api/common-parms.asciidoc[tag=index-ignore-unavailable]
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`include_unmapped`::
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(Optional, boolean) If `true`, unmapped fields are included in the response.
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Defaults to `false`.
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[[search-field-caps-api-request-body]]
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==== {api-request-body-title}
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`index_filter`::
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(Optional, <<query-dsl,query object>> Allows to filter indices if the provided
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query rewrites to `match_none` on every shard.
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[[search-field-caps-api-response-body]]
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==== {api-response-body-title}
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The types used in the response describe _families_ of field types.
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Normally a family type is the same as the field type declared in the mapping,
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but to simplify matters certain field types that behave identically are
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described using a family type. For example, `keyword`, `constant_keyword` and `wildcard`
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field types are all described as the `keyword` family type.
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`searchable`::
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Whether this field is indexed for search on all indices.
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`aggregatable`::
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Whether this field can be aggregated on all indices.
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`indices`::
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The list of indices where this field has the same family type, or null if all indices
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have the same family type for the field.
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`non_searchable_indices`::
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The list of indices where this field is not searchable, or null if all indices
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have the same definition for the field.
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`non_aggregatable_indices`::
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The list of indices where this field is not aggregatable, or null if all
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indices have the same definition for the field.
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`meta`::
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Merged metadata across all indices as a map of string keys to arrays of values.
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A value length of 1 indicates that all indices had the same value for this key,
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while a length of 2 or more indicates that not all indices had the same value
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for this key.
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[[search-field-caps-api-example]]
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==== {api-examples-title}
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The request can be restricted to specific data streams and indices:
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[source,console]
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--------------------------------------------------
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GET twitter/_field_caps?fields=rating
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--------------------------------------------------
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// TEST[setup:twitter]
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The next example API call requests information about the `rating` and the
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`title` fields:
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[source,console]
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--------------------------------------------------
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GET _field_caps?fields=rating,title
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--------------------------------------------------
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The API returns the following response:
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[source,console-result]
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--------------------------------------------------
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{
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"indices": [ "index1", "index2", "index3", "index4", "index5" ],
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"fields": {
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"rating": { <1>
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"long": {
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"searchable": true,
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"aggregatable": false,
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"indices": [ "index1", "index2" ],
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"non_aggregatable_indices": [ "index1" ] <2>
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},
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"keyword": {
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"searchable": false,
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"aggregatable": true,
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"indices": [ "index3", "index4" ],
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"non_searchable_indices": [ "index4" ] <3>
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}
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},
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"title": { <4>
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"text": {
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"searchable": true,
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"aggregatable": false
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}
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}
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}
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}
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--------------------------------------------------
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// TESTRESPONSE[skip:historically skipped]
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<1> The field `rating` is defined as a long in `index1` and `index2`
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and as a `keyword` in `index3` and `index4`.
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<2> The field `rating` is not aggregatable in `index1`.
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<3> The field `rating` is not searchable in `index4`.
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<4> The field `title` is defined as `text` in all indices.
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By default unmapped fields are ignored. You can include them in the response by
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adding a parameter called `include_unmapped` in the request:
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[source,console]
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--------------------------------------------------
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GET _field_caps?fields=rating,title&include_unmapped
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--------------------------------------------------
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In which case the response will contain an entry for each field that is present
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in some indices but not all:
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[source,console-result]
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--------------------------------------------------
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{
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"indices": [ "index1", "index2", "index3" ],
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"fields": {
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"rating": {
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"long": {
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"searchable": true,
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"aggregatable": false,
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"indices": [ "index1", "index2" ],
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"non_aggregatable_indices": [ "index1" ]
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},
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"keyword": {
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"searchable": false,
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"aggregatable": true,
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"indices": [ "index3", "index4" ],
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"non_searchable_indices": [ "index4" ]
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},
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"unmapped": { <1>
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"indices": [ "index5" ],
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"searchable": false,
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"aggregatable": false
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}
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},
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"title": {
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"text": {
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"indices": [ "index1", "index2", "index3", "index4" ],
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"searchable": true,
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"aggregatable": false
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},
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"unmapped": { <2>
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"indices": [ "index5" ],
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"searchable": false,
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"aggregatable": false
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}
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}
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}
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}
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--------------------------------------------------
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// TESTRESPONSE[skip:historically skipped]
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<1> The `rating` field is unmapped` in `index5`.
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<2> The `title` field is unmapped` in `index5`.
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It is also possible to filter indices with a query:
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[source,console]
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--------------------------------------------------
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POST twitter*/_field_caps?fields=rating
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{
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"index_filter": {
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"range": {
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"@timestamp": {
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"gte": "2018"
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}
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}
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}
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}
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--------------------------------------------------
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// TEST[setup:twitter]
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In which case indices that rewrite the provided filter to `match_none` on every shard
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will be filtered from the response.
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--
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[IMPORTANT]
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====
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The filtering is done on a best-effort basis, it uses index statistics and mappings
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to rewrite queries to `match_none` instead of fully executing the request.
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For instance a `range` query over a `date` field can rewrite to `match_none`
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if all documents within a shard (including deleted documents) are outside
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of the provided range.
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However, not all queries can rewrite to `match_none` so this API may return
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an index even if the provided filter matches no document.
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====
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--
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