Implement DATE_PARSE(<date_str>, <pattern_str>) function
which allows to parse a date string according to the specified
pattern into a date object. The patterns allowed are those of
java.time.format.DateTimeFormatter.
Closes#54962
Co-authored-by: Marios Trivyzas <matriv@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Patrick Jiang(白泽) <dreamlike.sky@foxmail.com>
(cherry picked from commit 647a413d9b21bd3938f1716bb19f8407e1334125)