163 lines
5.6 KiB
Plaintext
163 lines
5.6 KiB
Plaintext
[[query-dsl-simple-query-string-query]]
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=== Simple Query String Query
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A query that uses the SimpleQueryParser to parse its context. Unlike the
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regular `query_string` query, the `simple_query_string` query will never
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throw an exception, and discards invalid parts of the query. Here is
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an example:
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[source,js]
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--------------------------------------------------
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GET /_search
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{
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"query": {
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"simple_query_string" : {
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"query": "\"fried eggs\" +(eggplant | potato) -frittata",
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"analyzer": "snowball",
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"fields": ["body^5","_all"],
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"default_operator": "and"
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}
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}
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}
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--------------------------------------------------
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// CONSOLE
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The `simple_query_string` top level parameters include:
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[cols="<,<",options="header",]
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|=======================================================================
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|Parameter |Description
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|`query` |The actual query to be parsed. See below for syntax.
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|`fields` |The fields to perform the parsed query against. Defaults to the
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`index.query.default_field` index settings, which in turn defaults to `_all`.
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|`default_operator` |The default operator used if no explicit operator
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is specified. For example, with a default operator of `OR`, the query
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`capital of Hungary` is translated to `capital OR of OR Hungary`, and
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with default operator of `AND`, the same query is translated to
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`capital AND of AND Hungary`. The default value is `OR`.
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|`analyzer` |The analyzer used to analyze each term of the query when
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creating composite queries.
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|`flags` |Flags specifying which features of the `simple_query_string` to
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enable. Defaults to `ALL`.
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|`analyze_wildcard` | Whether terms of prefix queries should be automatically
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analyzed or not. If `true` a best effort will be made to analyze the prefix. However,
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some analyzers will be not able to provide a meaningful results
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based just on the prefix of a term. Defaults to `false`.
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|`lenient` | If set to `true` will cause format based failures
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(like providing text to a numeric field) to be ignored.
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|`minimum_should_match` | The minimum number of clauses that must match for a
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document to be returned. See the
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<<query-dsl-minimum-should-match,`minimum_should_match`>> documentation for the
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full list of options.
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|`quote_field_suffix` | A suffix to append to fields for quoted parts of
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the query string. This allows to use a field that has a different analysis chain
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for exact matching. Look <<mixing-exact-search-with-stemming,here>> for a
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comprehensive example.
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|`all_fields` | Perform the query on all fields detected in the mapping that can
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be queried. Will be used by default when the `_all` field is disabled and no
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`default_field` is specified index settings, and no `fields` are specified.
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|=======================================================================
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[float]
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===== Simple Query String Syntax
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The `simple_query_string` supports the following special characters:
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* `+` signifies AND operation
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* `|` signifies OR operation
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* `-` negates a single token
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* `"` wraps a number of tokens to signify a phrase for searching
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* `*` at the end of a term signifies a prefix query
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* `(` and `)` signify precedence
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* `~N` after a word signifies edit distance (fuzziness)
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* `~N` after a phrase signifies slop amount
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In order to search for any of these special characters, they will need to
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be escaped with `\`.
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Be aware that this syntax may have a different behavior depending on the
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`default_operator` value. For example, consider the following query:
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[source,js]
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--------------------------------------------------
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GET /_search
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{
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"query": {
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"simple_query_string" : {
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"fields" : ["content"],
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"query" : "foo bar -baz"
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}
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}
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}
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--------------------------------------------------
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// CONSOLE
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You may expect that documents containing only "foo" or "bar" will be returned,
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as long as they do not contain "baz", however, due to the `default_operator`
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being OR, this really means "match documents that contain "foo" or documents
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that contain "bar", or documents that don't contain "baz". If this is unintended
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then the query can be switched to `"foo bar +-baz"` which will not return
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documents that contain "baz".
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[float]
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==== Default Field
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When not explicitly specifying the field to search on in the query
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string syntax, the `index.query.default_field` will be used to derive
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which field to search on. It defaults to `_all` field.
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If the `_all` field is disabled and no `fields` are specified in the request`,
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the `simple_query_string` query will automatically attempt to determine the
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existing fields in the index's mapping that are queryable, and perform the
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search on those fields.
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[float]
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==== Multi Field
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The fields parameter can also include pattern based field names,
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allowing to automatically expand to the relevant fields (dynamically
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introduced fields included). For example:
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[source,js]
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--------------------------------------------------
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GET /_search
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{
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"query": {
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"simple_query_string" : {
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"fields" : ["content", "name.*^5"],
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"query" : "foo bar baz"
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}
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}
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}
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--------------------------------------------------
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// CONSOLE
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[float]
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==== Flags
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`simple_query_string` support multiple flags to specify which parsing features
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should be enabled. It is specified as a `|`-delimited string with the
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`flags` parameter:
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[source,js]
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--------------------------------------------------
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GET /_search
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{
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"query": {
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"simple_query_string" : {
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"query" : "foo | bar + baz*",
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"flags" : "OR|AND|PREFIX"
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}
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}
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}
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--------------------------------------------------
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// CONSOLE
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The available flags are: `ALL`, `NONE`, `AND`, `OR`, `NOT`, `PREFIX`, `PHRASE`,
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`PRECEDENCE`, `ESCAPE`, `WHITESPACE`, `FUZZY`, `NEAR`, and `SLOP`.
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