2016-04-10 09:14:24 -04:00
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include ../_util-fns
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a(id='top')
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:marked
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Our app should be able to make the browser title bar say whatever we want it to say.
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This cookbook explains how to do it.
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2016-05-07 18:20:40 +01:00
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2016-05-22 19:26:23 +08:00
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应用程序应该能让浏览器标题栏显示我们想让它显示的内容。本*烹饪宝典*解释怎么做。
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2016-04-10 09:14:24 -04:00
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:marked
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**See the [live example](/resources/live-examples/cb-set-document-title/ts/plnkr.html)**.
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2016-05-07 18:20:40 +01:00
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2016-05-09 22:16:34 +08:00
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**参见[在线例子](/resources/live-examples/cb-set-document-title/ts/plnkr.html)**.
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2016-05-15 23:00:09 +01:00
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2016-04-10 09:14:24 -04:00
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.l-sub-section
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img(src='/resources/images/devguide/plunker-separate-window-button.png' alt="pop out the window" align="right" style="margin-right:-20px")
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:marked
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To see the browser Title bar changes,
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pop out the preview window by clicking the blue 'X' button in the upper right corner.
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2016-05-07 18:20:40 +01:00
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要看到浏览器标题的变化，点击预览窗口右上角的'X'按钮，弹出窗口。
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2016-04-10 09:14:24 -04:00
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:marked
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## The problem with *<title>*
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2016-05-07 18:20:40 +01:00
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## *<title>*的问题
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2016-04-10 09:14:24 -04:00
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The obvious approach is to bind a property of the component to the HTML `<title>` like this:
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2016-05-07 18:20:40 +01:00
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2016-05-18 11:38:10 +08:00
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显而易见的方法是把组件的属性绑定到HTML的`<title>`标签上，像这样：
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2016-05-15 23:00:09 +01:00
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2016-04-10 09:14:24 -04:00
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code-example(format='')
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<title>{{This_Does_Not_Work}}</title>
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:marked
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Sorry but that won't work.
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The root component of our application is an element contained within the `<body>` tag.
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The HTML `<title>` is in the document `<head>`, outside the body, making it inaccessible to Angular data binding.
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2016-05-07 18:20:40 +01:00
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2016-05-18 11:38:10 +08:00
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抱歉，这样不行。我们应用程序的根组件是一个包含在`<body>`标签里的元素。该HTML的`<title>`在文档的`<head>`元素里，在`<body>`之外，Angular的数据绑定无法访问到它。
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2016-04-10 09:14:24 -04:00
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We could grab the browser `document` object and set the title manually.
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That's dirty and undermines our chances of running the app outside of a browser someday.
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2016-05-07 18:20:40 +01:00
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2016-05-18 11:38:10 +08:00
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我们可以得到浏览器的`document`对象，并且手动设置标题。但是这样看起来很脏，而且我们将无法在浏览器之外运行应用程序。
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2016-05-15 23:00:09 +01:00
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2016-04-10 09:14:24 -04:00
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.l-sub-section
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:marked
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2016-04-26 10:55:31 -07:00
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Running your app outside a browser means that you can take advantage of server-side
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pre-rendering for near-instant first app render times and for SEO. It means you could run from
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inside a Web Worker to improve your app's responsiveness by using multiple threads. And it
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means that you could run your app inside Electron.js or Windows Universal to deliver it to the desktop.
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2016-05-07 18:20:40 +01:00
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2016-06-14 09:26:54 +08:00
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在浏览器外运行应用程序意味着：利用服务器端预先渲染，为应用程序实现几乎实时的首次渲染，同时还能支持SEO(搜索引擎优化)。
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2016-05-18 11:38:10 +08:00
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意味着你可以在一个Web Worker中运行你的应用程序，通过多线程技术增强应用程序的响应性。
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还意味着你可以在Electron.js或者Windows Universal里面运行，发布到桌面环境。
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2016-04-10 09:14:24 -04:00
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:marked
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## Use the *Title* service
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2016-05-15 23:00:09 +01:00
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2016-05-07 18:20:40 +01:00
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## 使用*Title*服务
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2016-04-10 09:14:24 -04:00
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Fortunately, Angular 2 bridges the gap by providing a `Title` service as part of the *Browser platform*.
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2016-05-02 00:29:25 +02:00
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The [Title](../api/platform/browser/Title-class.html) service is a simple class that provides an API
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2016-04-10 09:14:24 -04:00
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for getting and setting the current HTML document title:
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2016-05-07 18:20:40 +01:00
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2016-05-18 11:38:10 +08:00
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幸运的是，Angular 2在*浏览器平台*的包中，提供了一个`Title`服务，弥补了这个差别。
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[Title](../api/platform/browser/Title-class.html)服务是一个简单的类，提供了一个API，用来获取和设置当前HTML文档的标题。
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2016-04-10 09:14:24 -04:00
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* `getTitle() : string` — Gets the title of the current HTML document.
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2016-05-07 18:20:40 +01:00
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2016-05-18 11:38:10 +08:00
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*`getTitle(): string` —— 获取当前HTML文档的标题。
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2016-05-07 18:20:40 +01:00
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2016-04-10 09:14:24 -04:00
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* `setTitle( newTitle : string )` — Sets the title of the current HTML document.
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2016-05-07 18:20:40 +01:00
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2016-05-18 11:38:10 +08:00
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* `setTitle( newTitle: string)` —— 设置当前HTML文档的标题。
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2016-04-10 09:14:24 -04:00
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While this class is part of the Browser platform package, it is *not part of the default Browser
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platform providers* that Angular loads automatically.
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This means as we bootstrap our application using the Browser platform `boostrap()`
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function, we'll also have to include `Title` service explicitly as one of the bootstrap providers:
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2016-05-07 18:20:40 +01:00
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2016-05-18 11:38:10 +08:00
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虽然该类是浏览器平台包的一部分，但它*没有被*Angular加载为*浏览器平台上的默认服务供应商*。
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这意味着，我们在使用浏览器平台的`bootstrap()`函数来引导我们的应用程序时，我们必须要明确地把`Title`服务作为引导期的供应商之一加入进来：
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2016-04-10 09:14:24 -04:00
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+makeExample( "cb-set-document-title/ts/app/main.ts", "bootstrap-title", "app/main.ts (provide Title service)" )(format='.')
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:marked
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Once we've explicitly provided the `Title` service we can then inject the `Title` service into any of our
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custom application components and services.
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2016-05-18 11:38:10 +08:00
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一旦我们明确提供了`Title`服务，就能把`Title`服务注入到任何一个应用程序内组件和服务里面。
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2016-05-07 18:20:40 +01:00
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2016-04-10 09:14:24 -04:00
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Let's inject the `Title` service into the root `AppComponent` and expose a bindable `setTitle` method that calls it:
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2016-05-07 18:20:40 +01:00
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2016-05-18 11:38:10 +08:00
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我们来把`Title`服务注入到根组件`AppComponent`，并暴露出可供绑定的`setTitle`方法让别人来调用该服务：
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2016-04-10 09:14:24 -04:00
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+makeExample( "cb-set-document-title/ts/app/app.component.ts", "class", "app/app.component.ts (class)" )(format='.')
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:marked
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2016-05-15 23:03:05 +01:00
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We bind that method to three anchor tags and, voila!
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2016-05-07 18:20:40 +01:00
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2016-05-18 11:38:10 +08:00
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我们把这个方法绑定到三个A标签，瞧瞧！
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2016-05-15 23:00:09 +01:00
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2016-04-10 09:14:24 -04:00
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figure.image-display
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img(src="/resources/images/cookbooks/set-document-title/set-title-anim.gif" alt="Set title")
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:marked
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Here's the complete solution
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2016-05-07 18:20:40 +01:00
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2016-06-14 09:26:54 +08:00
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这里是完整的方案(代码)。
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2016-04-10 09:14:24 -04:00
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+makeTabs(
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`cb-set-document-title/ts/app/main.ts,
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cb-set-document-title/ts/app/app.component.ts`,
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'',
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'app/main.ts, app/app.component.ts' )
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//
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Todo: tie this back to the router so we can see how to use this Title service to (re)set the title
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that appears in the window navigation history and shows up in the back/forward buttons
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during routing.
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See https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/7630#issuecomment-198328802
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.l-main-section
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:marked
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## Why we provide the *Title* service in *bootstrap*
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2016-05-15 23:00:09 +01:00
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2016-05-18 11:38:10 +08:00
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## 为什么我们要在*bootstrap*里面提供这个*Title*服务
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2016-05-15 23:00:09 +01:00
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2016-04-10 09:14:24 -04:00
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We generally recommended providing application-wide services in the root application component, `AppComponent`.
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2016-05-18 11:38:10 +08:00
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我们通常会推荐在应用程序的根组件`AppComponent`中提供应用程序级的服务。
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2016-05-07 18:20:40 +01:00
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2016-04-10 09:14:24 -04:00
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Here we recommend registering the title service during bootstrapping,
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2016-05-25 19:47:23 +05:30
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a location we reserve for configuring the runtime Angular environment.
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2016-04-10 09:14:24 -04:00
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2016-05-18 11:38:10 +08:00
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但这里，我们推荐在引导过程中注册这个Title服务，这个位置是我们为设置Angular运行环境而保留的。
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2016-05-07 18:20:40 +01:00
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2016-04-10 09:14:24 -04:00
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That's exactly what we're doing.
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The `Title` service is part of the Angular *browser platform*.
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If we bootstrap our application into a different platform,
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we'll have to provide a different `Title` service that understands the concept of a "document title" for that specific platform.
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Ideally the application itself neither knows nor cares about the runtime environment.
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2016-05-07 18:20:40 +01:00
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2016-05-18 11:38:10 +08:00
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我们的做法正是如此。这里的`Title`服务是Angular*浏览器平台*的一部分。如果我们在其它平台上引导应用程序，就得提供另一个专为那个平台准备的`Title`服务。
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2016-04-10 09:14:24 -04:00
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:marked
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[Back to top](#top)
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2016-05-07 18:20:40 +01:00
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[回到顶部](#top)
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